Amorphization of Ge and Si nanocrystals embedded in amorphous SiO 2 by ion irradiation

Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics

Volumn 80, Issue 14, 2009, Pages

  Backman, M ^a   Djurabekova, F ^a,b   Pakarinen, O H ^a   Nordlund, K ^a   Araujo, L L ^c   Ridgway, M C ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI   (Finland)

^b ARIFOV INSTITUTE OF ELECTRONICS   (Uzbekistan)

^c AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 71449094474     PISSN: 10980121     EISSN: 1550235X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.144109     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. G. Kellermann and A. F. Craievich, Phys. Rev. B 65, 134204 (2002). 10.1103/PhysRevB.65.134204
2. G. Kellermann and A. F. Craievich, Phys. Rev. B 78, 054106 (2008). 10.1103/PhysRevB.78.054106
3. J. A. Pakarinen, M. Backman, F. Djurabekova, and K. Nordlund, Phys. Rev. B 79, 085426 (2009). 10.1103/PhysRevB.79.085426
4. D. V. Melnikov and J. R. Chelikowsky, Phys. Rev. B 69, 113305 (2004). 10.1103/PhysRevB.69.113305
5. C. Garcia, B. Garrido, P. Pellegrino, R. Ferre, J. A. Moreno, J. R. Morante, L. Pavesi, and M. Cazzanelli, Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 1595 (2003). 10.1063/1.1558894
6. G. Rizza, H. Cheverry, T. Gacoin, A. Lamas, and S. Henry, J. Appl. Phys. 101, 014321 (2007). 10.1063/1.2402351
7. Z.-Q. Xie, Z.-H. Li, W.-B. Fan, D. Chen, Y.-Y. Zhao, and M. Lu, Appl. Surf. Sci. 253, 5501 (2007). 10.1016/j.apsusc.2006.12.031
8. S. Cheylan, N. Langford, and R. G. Elliman, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 166-167, 851 (2000). 10.1016/S0168-583X(99)00795-8
9. B. Johannessen, P. Kluth, D. J. Llewellyn, G. J. Foran, D. J. Cookson, and M. C. Ridgway, Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 073119 (2007). 10.1063/1.2644413
10. D. Pacifici, E. C. Moreira, G. Franzo, V. Martorino, F. Priolo, and F. Iacona, Phys. Rev. B 65, 144109 (2002). 10.1103/PhysRevB.65.144109
11. L. L. Araujo, R. Giulian, D. J. Sprouster, C. S. Schnohr, D. J. Llewellyn, P. Kluth, D. J. Cookson, G. J. Foran, and M. C. Ridgway, Phys. Rev. B 78, 094112 (2008). 10.1103/PhysRevB.78.094112
12. L. L. Araujo, R. Giulian, B. Johannessen, D. J. Llewellyn, and P. Kluth, G. de M. Azevedo, D. J. Cookson, and M. C. Ridgway, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 266, 3153 (2008). 10.1016/j.nimb.2008.03.175
13. J. F. Ziegler, J. P. Biersack, and U. Littmark, The Stopping and Range of Ions in Solids (Pergamon, New York, 1985).
14. J. Hester, AVERAGE computer code, 2007, available online at http://anbf2.kek.jp/xafs-downloads.html.
15. B. Ravel and M. Newville, J. Synchrotron Radiat. 12, 537 (2005). 10.1107/S0909049505012719
16. S. D. Kelly and B. Ravel, in X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure-XAFS13: 13th International Conference, edited by, B. Hedman, and, P. Pianetta, AIP Conf. Proc. No. 882 (AIP, New York, 2007) p. 132.
17. J. J. Rehr and R. C. Albers, Rev. Mod. Phys. 72, 621 (2000). 10.1103/RevModPhys.72.621
18. M. Newville, J. Synchrotron Radiat. 8, 322 (2001). 10.1107/ S0909049500016964
19. L. L. Araujo, P. Kluth, G. de M. Azevedo, and M. C. Ridgway, Phys. Rev. B 74, 184102 (2006). 10.1103/PhysRevB.74.184102
20. S. von Alfthan, A. Kuronen, and K. Kaski, Phys. Rev. B 68, 073203 (2003). 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.073203
21. K. Nordlund, 2006, PARCAS computer code. The main principles of the molecular-dynamics algorithms are presented in Refs.. The adaptive time step and electronic stopping algorithms are the same as in Ref..
22. T. Watanabe, D. Yamasaki, K. Tatsumura, and I. Ohdomari, Appl. Surf. Sci. 234, 207 (2004). 10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.05.035
23. J. Samela, K. Nordlund, V. N. Popok, and E. E. B. Campbell, Phys. Rev. B 77, 075309 (2008). 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.075309
24. K. Ding and H. C. Andersen, Phys. Rev. B 34, 6987 (1986). 10.1103/PhysRevB.34.6987
25. K. Nordlund, M. Ghaly, R. S. Averback, M. Caturla, T. Diaz de la Rubia, and J. Tarus, Phys. Rev. B 57, 7556 (1998). 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.7556
26. D. R. Lide, CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 82nd ed. (CRC Press, Boca Raton, USA, 2001).
27. L. Giacomazzi and A. Pasquarello, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 19, 415112 (2007). 10.1088/0953-8984/19/41/415112
28. F. Djurabekova and K. Nordlund, Phys. Rev. B 77, 115325 (2008). 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.115325
29. G. C. Rizza, M. Strobel, K. H. Heinig, and H. Bernas, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 178, 78 (2001). 10.1016/S0168-583X(01)00496-7
30. K. Nordlund, Comput. Mater. Sci. 3, 448 (1995). 10.1016/0927-0256(94) 00085-Q
31. A presentation of the MDRANGE computer code is available on the World Wide Web in http://beam.acclab.helsinki.fi/~knordlun/mdh/mdh-program.html.
32. F. Djurabekova, M. Backman, and K. Nordlund, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 266, 2683 (2008). 10.1016/j.nimb.2008.03.099
33. K. Nordlund and R. S. Averback, Phys. Rev. B 56, 2421 (1997). 10.1103/PhysRevB.56.2421
34. D. Bazin and J. J. Rehr, J. Phys. Chem. B 107, 12398 (2003). 10.1021/jp0223051
35. G. Dalba and R. Grisenti, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 338-340, 201 (2004). 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.02.053
36. L. L. Araujo, G. J. Foran, and M. C. Ridgway, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 20, 165210 (2008). 10.1088/0953-8984/20/16/165210
37. M. Vaccari and P. Fornasini, J. Synchrotron Radiat. 13, 321 (2006). 10.1107/S0909049506018504
38. I. Jenčič, M. W. Bench, I. M. Robertson, and M. A. Kirk, J. Appl. Phys. 78, 974 (1995). 10.1063/1.360764
39. J. F. Ziegler, SRIM2008 software package, available online at http://www.srim.org.
40. In a preliminary presentation of some aspects of this work, we presented a direct comparison of the monoenergetic recoils to experiments (Ref.). However, that comparison did not take into account the issue with low-energy recoils, and thus is misleading.
41. M. Ghaly, K. Nordlund, and R. S. Averback, Philos. Mag. A 79, 795 (1999).
42. F. Djurabekova, M. Backman, O. H. Pakarinen, K. Nordlund, L. Araujo, and M. Ridgway, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 267, 1235 (2009). 10.1016/j.nimb.2009.01.022