메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 87, Issue 16, 2009, Pages 3687-3696

Anticonvulsant and neuroprotective effects of the novel calcium antagonist NP04634 on kainic acid-induced seizures in rats

Author keywords

Excitotoxicity; Hippocampus; Kainic acid; Neuroprotection; Status epilepticus

Indexed keywords

CALCIUM; CALCIUM ANTAGONIST; CALCIUM CHANNEL L TYPE; KAINIC ACID; NP 04634; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 71249160060     PISSN: 03604012     EISSN: 10974547     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/jnr.22165     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (16)

References (73)
  • 1
    • 0031446197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2+ channel blocker omega-agatoxin IVA protects against brain injury after focal ischemia in rats
    • 2+ channel blocker omega-agatoxin IVA protects against brain injury after focal ischemia in rats. Brain Res 776:140-145.
    • (1997) Brain Res , vol.776 , pp. 140-145
    • Asakura, K.1    Matsuo, Y.2    Kanemasa, T.3    Ninomiya, M.4
  • 3
    • 0018843064 scopus 로고
    • Injections of kainic acid into the amygdaloid complex of the rat: An electrographic, clinical and histological study in relation to the pathology of epilepsy
    • DOI 10.1016/0306-4522(80)90049-4
    • Ben-Ari Y, Tremblay E, Ottersen OP. 1980. Injections of kainic acid into the amygdaloid complex of the rat: an electrographic, clinical and histological study in relation to the pathology of epilepsy. Neuroscience 5:515-528. (Pubitemid 10131222)
    • (1980) Neuroscience , vol.5 , Issue.3 , pp. 515-528
    • Ben-Ari, Y.1    Tremblay, E.2    Ottersen, O.P.3
  • 5
    • 0034433476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurobehavioral protection by the neuronal calcium channel blocker ziconotide in a model of traumatic diffuse brain injury in rats
    • Berman RF, Verweij BH, Muizelaar JP. 2000. Neurobehavioral protection by the neuronal calcium channel blocker ziconotide in a model of traumatic diffuse brain injury in rats. J Neurosurg 93:821-828.
    • (2000) J Neurosurg , vol.93 , pp. 821-828
    • Berman, R.F.1    Verweij, B.H.2    Muizelaar, J.P.3
  • 6
    • 0028178139 scopus 로고
    • 2+ entry via AMPA/KA receptors and excitotoxicity in cultured cerebellar Purkinje cells
    • 2+ entry via AMPA/KA receptors and excitotoxicity in cultured cerebellar Purkinje cells. J Neurosci 14:187-197.
    • (1994) J Neurosci , vol.14 , pp. 187-197
    • Brorson, J.R.1    Manzolillo, P.A.2    Miller, R.J.3
  • 8
    • 0024093449 scopus 로고
    • Glutamate neurotoxicity and diseases of the nervous system
    • Choi DW. 1988. Glutamate neurotoxicity and diseases of the nervous system. Neuron 1:623-634.
    • (1988) Neuron , vol.1 , pp. 623-634
    • Choi, D.W.1
  • 9
    • 0028642274 scopus 로고
    • Calcium and excitotoxic neuronal injury
    • Choi DW. 1994. Calcium and excitotoxic neuronal injury. Ann N Y Acad Sci 747:162-171.
    • (1994) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.747 , pp. 162-171
    • Choi, D.W.1
  • 10
    • 0029117678 scopus 로고
    • The calcium response to the excitotoxin kainate is amplified by subsequent reduction of extracellular sodium
    • Courtney MJ, Enkvist MO, Akerman KE. 1995. The calcium response to the excitotoxin kainate is amplified by subsequent reduction of extracellular sodium. Neuroscience 68:1051-1057.
    • (1995) Neuroscience , vol.68 , pp. 1051-1057
    • Courtney, M.J.1    Enkvist, M.O.2    Akerman, K.E.3
  • 11
    • 0033641466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calcium channel blockers and pain therapy
    • Cox B. 2000. Calcium channel blockers and pain therapy. Curr Rev Pain 4:488-498.
    • (2000) Curr Rev Pain , vol.4 , pp. 488-498
    • Cox, B.1
  • 12
    • 0020640626 scopus 로고
    • Neurotoxic action of kainic acid
    • Coyle JT. 1983. Neurotoxic action of kainic acid. J Neurochem 41:1-11.
    • (1983) J Neurochem , vol.41 , pp. 1-11
    • Coyle, J.T.1
  • 15
    • 0016335156 scopus 로고
    • Epidemiological aspects of epilepsy in northern Norway
    • de Graaf AS. 1974. Epidemiological aspects of epilepsy in northern Norway. Epilepsia 15:291-299.
    • (1974) Epilepsia , vol.15 , pp. 291-299
    • De Graaf, A.S.1
  • 16
    • 0023867358 scopus 로고
    • Anticonvulsant effects of some calcium entry blockers in DBA/2 mice
    • De Sarro GB, Meldrum BS, Nistico G. 1988. Anticonvulsant effects of some calcium entry blockers in DBA/2 mice. Br J Pharmacol 93:247-256. (Pubitemid 18042810)
    • (1988) British Journal of Pharmacology , vol.93 , Issue.2 , pp. 247-256
    • De Sarro, G.B.1    Meldrum, B.S.2    Nistico, G.3
  • 17
    • 0032564334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2+ transduction pathway causes spontaneous recurrent epileptiform discharges in hippocampal neurons in culture
    • 2+ transduction pathway causes spontaneous recurrent epileptiform discharges in hippocampal neurons in culture. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95:14482-14487.
    • (1998) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.95 , pp. 14482-14487
    • DeLorenzo, R.J.1    Pal, S.2    Sombati, S.3
  • 18
    • 14544282458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular mechanisms underlying acquired epilepsy: The calcium hypothesis of the induction and maintainance of epilepsy
    • DeLorenzo RJ, Sun DA, Deshpande LS. 2005. Cellular mechanisms underlying acquired epilepsy: the calcium hypothesis of the induction and maintainance of epilepsy. Pharmacol Ther 105:229-266.
    • (2005) Pharmacol Ther , vol.105 , pp. 229-266
    • DeLorenzo, R.J.1    Sun, D.A.2    Deshpande, L.S.3
  • 19
    • 0032967382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of excitotoxicity in neurodegenerative disease: Implications for therapy
    • DOI 10.1016/S0163-7258(98)00042-4, PII S0163725898000424
    • Doble A. 1999. The role of excitotoxicity in neurodegenerative disease: implications for therapy. Pharmacol Ther 81:163-221. (Pubitemid 29094735)
    • (1999) Pharmacology and Therapeutics , vol.81 , Issue.3 , pp. 163-221
    • Doble, A.1
  • 20
    • 0023729296 scopus 로고
    • Anticonvulsant profile of the dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonists, nitrendipine and nimodipine
    • DOI 10.1016/0014-2999(88)90831-X
    • Dolin SJ, Hunter AB, Halsey MJ, Little HJ. 1988. Anticonvulsant profile of the dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonists, nitrendipine and nimodipine. Eur J Pharmacol 152:19-27. (Pubitemid 18187798)
    • (1988) European Journal of Pharmacology , vol.152 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 19-27
    • Dolin, S.J.1    Hunter, A.B.2    Halsey, M.J.3    Little, H.J.4
  • 21
    • 30444434227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A short history of voltage-gated calcium channels
    • DOI 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706442, PII 0706442
    • Dolphin AC. 2006. A short history of voltage-gated calcium channels. Br J Pharmacol 147(Suppl 1):S56-S62. (Pubitemid 43077262)
    • (2006) British Journal of Pharmacology , vol.147 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Dolphin, A.C.1
  • 22
    • 35548953789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prolonged attenuation of amygdala-kindled seizure measures in rats by convection-enhanced delivery of the N-type calcium channel antagonists omega-conotoxin GVIA and omega-conotoxin MVIIA
    • DOI 10.1124/jpet.107.125047
    • Gasior M, White NA, Rogawski MA. 2007. Prolonged attenuation of amygdala-kindled seizure measures in rats by convection-enhanced delivery of the N-type calcium channel antagonists omega-conotoxin GVIA and omega-conotoxin MVIIA. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 323:458-468. (Pubitemid 350005132)
    • (2007) Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics , vol.323 , Issue.2 , pp. 458-468
    • Gasior, M.1    White, N.A.2    Rogawski, M.A.3
  • 25
    • 0038795206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevation of basal intracellular calcium as a central element in the activation of brain macrophages (microglia): Suppression of receptor-evoked calcium signaling and control of release function
    • Hoffmann A, Kann O, Ohlemeyer C, Hanisch UK, Kettenmann H. 2003. Elevation of basal intracellular calcium as a central element in the activation of brain macrophages (microglia): suppression of receptorevoked calcium signaling and control of release function. J Neurosci 23:4410-4419. (Pubitemid 36706171)
    • (2003) Journal of Neuroscience , vol.23 , Issue.11 , pp. 4410-4419
    • Hoffmann, A.1    Kann, O.2    Ohlemeyer, C.3    Hanisch, U.-K.4    Kettenmann, H.5
  • 27
  • 29
    • 0027511579 scopus 로고
    • Microglial and astroglial reactions to ischemic and kainic acid-induced lesions of the adult rat hippocampus
    • DOI 10.1006/exnr.1993.1041
    • Jorgensen MB, Finsen BR, Jensen MB, Castellano B, Diemer NH, Zimmer J. 1993. Microglial and astroglial reactions to ischemic and kainic acid-induced lesions of the adult rat hippocampus. Exp Neurol 120:70-88. (Pubitemid 23114031)
    • (1993) Experimental Neurology , vol.120 , Issue.1 , pp. 70-88
    • Jorgensen, M.B.1    Finsen, B.R.2    Jensen, M.B.3    Castellano, B.4    Diemer, N.H.5    Zimmer, J.6
  • 30
    • 0035011185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amlodipine enhances the activity of antiepileptic drugs against pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures
    • DOI 10.1016/S0091-3057(01)00468-3, PII S0091305701004683
    • Kaminski RM, Mazurek M, Turski WA, Kleinrok Z, Czuczwar SJ. 2001. Amlodipine enhances the activity of antiepileptic drugs against pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 68:661-668. (Pubitemid 32411603)
    • (2001) Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior , vol.68 , Issue.4 , pp. 661-668
    • Kaminski, R.M.1    Mazurek, M.2    Turski, W.A.3    Kleinrok, Z.4    Czuczwar, S.J.5
  • 31
    • 33745860946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Voltage-gated calcium channels and idiopathic generalized epilepsies
    • DOI 10.1152/physrev.00002.2006
    • Khosravani H, Zamponi GW. 2006. Voltage-gated calcium channels and idiopathic generalized epilepsies. Physiol Rev 86:941-966. (Pubitemid 44033386)
    • (2006) Physiological Reviews , vol.86 , Issue.3 , pp. 941-966
    • Khosravani, H.1    Zamponi, G.W.2
  • 32
    • 17844402957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglial cell population dynamics in the injured adult central nervous system
    • DOI 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2004.12.009, Glial-Neuron Crosstalk in Neuroinflamation, Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection
    • Ladeby R, Wirenfeldt M, Garcia-Ovejero D, Fenger C, Dissing-Olesen L, Dalmau I, Finsen B. 2005. Microglial cell population dynamics in the injured adult central nervous system. Brain Res Brain Res Rev 48:196-206. (Pubitemid 40585750)
    • (2005) Brain Research Reviews , vol.48 , Issue.2 , pp. 196-206
    • Ladeby, R.1    Wirenfeldt, M.2    Garcia-Ovejero, D.3    Fenger, C.4    Dissing-Olesen, L.5    Dalmau, I.6    Finsen, B.7
  • 34
    • 5044221495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotection in the rat lateral fluid percussion model of traumatic brain injury by SNX-185, an N-type voltage-gated calcium channel blocker
    • DOI 10.1016/j.expneurol.2004.07.003, PII S0014488604002754
    • Lee LL, Galo E, Lyeth BG, Muizelaar JP, Berman RF. 2004. Neuroprotection in the rat lateral fluid percussion model of traumatic brain injury by SNX-185, an N-type voltage-gated calcium channel blocker. Exp Neurol 190:70-78. (Pubitemid 39335707)
    • (2004) Experimental Neurology , vol.190 , Issue.1 , pp. 70-78
    • Lee, L.L.1    Galo, E.2    Lyeth, B.G.3    Muizelaar, J.P.4    Berman, R.F.5
  • 35
    • 0025649042 scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous recurrent seizures in rats: An experimental model of partial epilepsy
    • Leite JP, Bortolotto ZA, Cavalheiro EA. 1990. Spontaneous recurrent seizures in rats: an experimental model of partial epilepsy. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 14:511-517.
    • (1990) Neurosci Biobehav Rev , vol.14 , pp. 511-517
    • Leite, J.P.1    Bortolotto, Z.A.2    Cavalheiro, E.A.3
  • 37
    • 0036193683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective blockade of N-type calcium channels by levetiracetam
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1528-1157.2002.24501.x
    • Lukyanetz EA, Shkryl VM, Kostyuk PG. 2002. Selective blockade of N-type calcium channels by levetiracetam. Epilepsia 43:9-18. (Pubitemid 34215447)
    • (2002) Epilepsia , vol.43 , Issue.1 , pp. 9-18
    • Lukyanetz, E.A.1    Shkryl, V.M.2    Kostyuk, P.G.3
  • 38
    • 20444398490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of inflammatory response in neural cells in vitro by thiadiazolidinones derivatives through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ activation
    • DOI 10.1074/jbc.M414390200
    • Luna-Medina R, Cortes-Canteli M, Alonso M, Santos A, Martinez A, Perez-Castillo A. 2005. Regulation of inflammatory response in neural cells in vitro by thiadiazolidinones derivatives through peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor γ activation. J Biol Chem 280:21453-21462. (Pubitemid 40805710)
    • (2005) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.280 , Issue.22 , pp. 21453-21462
    • Luna-Medina, R.1    Cortes-Canteli, M.2    Alonso, M.3    Santos, A.4    Martinez, A.5    Perez-Castillo, A.6
  • 39
    • 0028179659 scopus 로고
    • Cellular and molecular basis of epilepsy
    • McNamara JO. 1994. Cellular and molecular basis of epilepsy. J Neurosci 14:3413-3425.
    • (1994) J Neurosci , vol.14 , pp. 3413-3425
    • McNamara, J.O.1
  • 40
    • 0025063609 scopus 로고
    • Excitatory amino acid neurotoxicity and neurodegenerative disease
    • DOI 10.1016/0165-6147(90)90184-A
    • Meldrum B, Garthwaite J. 1990. Excitatory amino acid neurotoxicity and neurodegenerative disease. Trends Pharmacol Sci 11:379-387. (Pubitemid 20262465)
    • (1990) Trends in Pharmacological Sciences , vol.11 , Issue.9 , pp. 379-387
    • Meldrum, B.1    Garthwaite, J.2
  • 41
    • 0034696059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design and biological evaluation of non-peptide analogues of omega-conotoxin MVIIA
    • DOI 10.1016/S0960-894X(99)00699-X, PII S0960894X9900699X
    • Menzler S, Bikker JA, Suman-Chauhan N, Horwell DC. 2000. Design and biological evaluation of nonpeptide analogues of omega-conotoxin MVIIA. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 10:345-347. (Pubitemid 30125186)
    • (2000) Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters , vol.10 , Issue.4 , pp. 345-347
    • Menzler, S.1    Bikker, J.A.2    Suman-Chauhan, N.3    Horwell, D.C.4
  • 42
    • 9144272640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ziconotide: Neuronal calcium channel blocker for treating severe chronic pain
    • Miljanich GP. 2004. Ziconotide: neuronal calcium channel blocker for treating severe chronic pain. Curr Med Chem 11:3029-3040.
    • (2004) Curr Med Chem , vol.11 , pp. 3029-3040
    • Miljanich, G.P.1
  • 43
    • 34547557661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of COX-2 in inflammatory and degenerative brain diseases
    • Minghetti L. 2007. Role of COX-2 in inflammatory and degenerative brain diseases. Subcell Biochem 42:127-141.
    • (2007) Subcell Biochem , vol.42 , pp. 127-141
    • Minghetti, L.1
  • 44
    • 0019882992 scopus 로고
    • Minireview. Kainic acid as a tool for the study of temporal lobe epilepsy
    • Nadler JV. 1981. Minireview. Kainic acid as a tool for the study of temporal lobe epilepsy. Life Sci 29:2031-2042.
    • (1981) Life Sci , vol.29 , pp. 2031-2042
    • Nadler, J.V.1
  • 45
    • 0030909616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyclo-oxygenase-2 gene expression in neurons contributes to ischemic brain damage
    • Nogawa S, Zhang F, Ross ME, Iadecola C. 1997. Cyclo-oxygenase-2 gene expression in neurons contributes to ischemic brain damage. J Neurosci 17:2746-2755. (Pubitemid 27155008)
    • (1997) Journal of Neuroscience , vol.17 , Issue.8 , pp. 2746-2755
    • Nogawa, S.1    Zhang, F.2    Elizabeth Ross, M.3    Iadecola, C.4
  • 48
    • 0022566936 scopus 로고
    • Excitotoxic mechanisms of epileptic brain damage
    • Olney JW, Collins RC, Sloviter RS. 1986. Excitotoxic mechanisms of epileptic brain damage. Adv Neurol 44:857-877.
    • (1986) Adv Neurol , vol.44 , pp. 857-877
    • Olney, J.W.1    Collins, R.C.2    Sloviter, R.S.3
  • 49
    • 0033386966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro status epilepticus causes sustained elevation of intracellular calcium levels in hippocampal neurons
    • Pal S, Sombati S, Limbrick DD Jr, DeLorenzo RJ. 1999. In vitro status epilepticus causes sustained elevation of intracellular calcium levels in hippocampal neurons. Brain Res 851:20-31.
    • (1999) Brain Res , vol.851 , pp. 20-31
    • Pal, S.1    Sombati, S.2    Limbrick Jr., D.D.3    Delorenzo, R.J.4
  • 50
    • 0015309163 scopus 로고
    • Modification of seizure activity by electrical stimulation. II. Motor seizure
    • Racine RJ. 1972. Modification of seizure activity by electrical stimulation. II. Motor seizure. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 32:281-294.
    • (1972) Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol , vol.32 , pp. 281-294
    • Racine, R.J.1
  • 52
    • 0029062364 scopus 로고
    • Involvement of different types of voltage-sensitive calcium channels in the presynaptic regulation of noradrenaline release in rat brain cortex and hippocampus
    • Sabria J, Pastor C, Clos MV, Garcia A, Badia A. 1995. Involvement of different types of voltage-sensitive calcium channels in the presynaptic regulation of noradrenaline release in rat brain cortex and hippocampus. J Neurochem 64:2567-2571.
    • (1995) J Neurochem , vol.64 , pp. 2567-2571
    • Sabria, J.1    Pastor, C.2    Clos, M.V.3    Garcia, A.4    Badia, A.5
  • 53
    • 0032742613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of an N-type calcium channel antagonist (SNX 111; Ziconotide) on calcium-45 accumulation following fluid-percussion injury
    • Samii A, Badie H, Fu K, Luther RR, Hovda DA. 1999. Effects of an N-type calcium channel antagonist (SNX 111; Ziconotide) on calcium-45 accumulation following fluid-percussion injury. J Neurotrauma 16:879-892. (Pubitemid 29491760)
    • (1999) Journal of Neurotrauma , vol.16 , Issue.10 , pp. 879-892
    • Samii, A.1    Badie, H.2    Fu, K.3    Luther, R.R.4    Hovda, D.A.5
  • 56
    • 0030901162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluoro-Jade: A novel fluorochrome for the sensitive and reliable histochemical localization of neuronal degeneration
    • DOI 10.1016/S0006-8993(96)01387-X, PII S000689939601387X
    • Schmued LC, Albertson C, Slikker W Jr. 1997. Fluoro-Jade: a novel fluorochrome for the sensitive and reliable histochemical localization of neuronal degeneration. Brain Res 751:37-46. (Pubitemid 27122134)
    • (1997) Brain Research , vol.751 , Issue.1 , pp. 37-46
    • Schmued, L.C.1    Albertson, C.2    Slikker Jr., W.3
  • 57
    • 0028898916 scopus 로고
    • Recurrent spontaneous seizure activity in hippocampal neuronal networks in culture
    • Sombati S, DeLorenzo RJ. 1995. Recurrent spontaneous seizure activity in hippocampal neuronal networks in culture. J Neurophysiol 73:1706-1711.
    • (1995) J Neurophysiol , vol.73 , pp. 1706-1711
    • Sombati, S.1    Delorenzo, R.J.2
  • 58
    • 0028057773 scopus 로고
    • Kainic acid seizures in the rat
    • Sperk G. 1994. Kainic acid seizures in the rat. Prog Neurobiol 42:1-32.
    • (1994) Prog Neurobiol , vol.42 , pp. 1-32
    • Sperk, G.1
  • 59
    • 84886639406 scopus 로고
    • Kainic acid-induced seizures: Dose-relationship of behavioural, neurochemical and histopathological changes
    • DOI 10.1016/0006-8993(85)90159-3
    • Sperk G, Lassmann H, Baran H, Seitelberger F, Hornykiewicz O. 1985. Kainic acid-induced seizures: dose-relationship of behavioural, neurochemical and histopathological changes. Brain Res 338:289-295. (Pubitemid 15072882)
    • (1985) Brain Research , vol.338 , Issue.2 , pp. 289-295
    • Sperk, G.1    Lassmann, H.2    Baran, H.3
  • 61
    • 0036852605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calcium-dependent epileptogenesis in an in vitro model of stroke-induced "epilepsy."
    • Sun DA, Sombati S, Blair RE, DeLorenzo RJ. 2002. Calcium-dependent epileptogenesis in an in vitro model of stroke-induced "epilepsy." Epilepsia 43:1296-1305.
    • (2002) Epilepsia , vol.43 , pp. 1296-1305
    • Sun, D.A.1    Sombati, S.2    Blair, R.E.3    Delorenzo, R.J.4
  • 63
    • 0021917797 scopus 로고
    • Evidence of functional mossy fiber sprouting in hippocampal formation of kainic acid-treated rats
    • Tauck DL, Nadler JV. 1985. Evidence of functional mossy fiber sprouting in hippocampal formation of kainic acid-treated rats. J Neurosci 5:1016-1022.
    • (1985) J Neurosci , vol.5 , pp. 1016-1022
    • Tauck, D.L.1    Nadler, J.V.2
  • 67
    • 12944314765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiology and pathophysiology of the calcium store in the endoplasmic reticulum of neurons
    • DOI 10.1152/physrev.00004.2004
    • Verkhratsky A. 2005. Physiology and pathophysiology of the calcium store in the endoplasmic reticulum of neurons. Physiol Rev 85:201-279. (Pubitemid 40173995)
    • (2005) Physiological Reviews , vol.85 , Issue.1 , pp. 201-279
    • Verkhratsky, A.1
  • 68
    • 0023899680 scopus 로고
    • Effect of various calcium channel blockers on three different models of limbic seizures in rats
    • DOI 10.1016/0028-3908(88)90126-8
    • Vezzani A, Wu HQ, Stasi MA, Angelico P, Samanin R. 1988. Effect of various calcium channel blockers on three different models of limbic seizures in rats. Neuropharmacology 27:451-458. (Pubitemid 18111615)
    • (1988) Neuropharmacology , vol.27 , Issue.5 , pp. 451-458
    • Vezzani, A.1    Wu, H.Q.2    Stasi, M.A.3    Angelico, P.4    Samanin, R.5
  • 69
    • 46049103354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of cytokines in the pathophysiology of epilepsy
    • Vezzani A, Balosso S, Ravizza T. 2008. The role of cytokines in the pathophysiology of epilepsy. Brain Behav Immun 22:797-803.
    • (2008) Brain Behav Immun , vol.22 , pp. 797-803
    • Vezzani, A.1    Balosso, S.2    Ravizza, T.3
  • 70
    • 20344388665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kainic acid-mediated excitotoxicity as a model for neurodegeneration
    • Wang Q, Yu S, Simonyi A, Sun GY, Sun AY. 2005. Kainic acid-mediated excitotoxicity as a model for neurodegeneration. Mol Neurobiol 31:3-16. (Pubitemid 41271190)
    • (2005) Molecular Neurobiology , vol.31 , Issue.1-3 , pp. 3-16
    • Wang, Q.1    Yu, S.2    Simonyi, A.3    Sun, G.Y.4    Sun, A.Y.5
  • 71
    • 33846569915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-Conotoxin MVIIA inhibits amygdaloid kindled seizures in Sprague-Dawley rats
    • DOI 10.1016/j.neulet.2006.11.049, PII S0304394006012857
    • Wang S, Ding M, Wu D, Zhan J, Chen Z. 2007. Omega-conotoxin MVIIA inhibits amygdaloid kindled seizures in Sprague-Dawley rats. Neurosci Lett 413:163-167. (Pubitemid 46177405)
    • (2007) Neuroscience Letters , vol.413 , Issue.2 , pp. 163-167
    • Wang, S.1    Ding, M.2    Wu, D.3    Zhan, J.4    Chen, Z.5
  • 72
    • 0028174640 scopus 로고
    • Omega-conotoxin GVIA protects against ischemia-induced neuronal death in the Mongolian gerbil but not against quinolinic acid-induced neurotoxicity in the rat
    • DOI 10.1016/0028-3908(94)90016-7
    • Yamada K, Teraoka T, Morita S, Hasegawa T, Nabeshima T. 1994. Omega-conotoxin GVIA protects against ischemia-induced neuronal death in the Mongolian gerbil but not against quinolinic acid-induced neurotoxicity in the rat. Neuropharmacology 33:251-254. (Pubitemid 24104290)
    • (1994) Neuropharmacology , vol.33 , Issue.2 , pp. 251-254
    • Yamada, K.1    Teraoka, T.2    Morita, S.3    Hasegawa, T.4    Nabeshima, T.5
  • 73
    • 0028167832 scopus 로고
    • The omega-conopeptide sNX-111, an N-type calcium channel blocker, dramatically ameliorates brain damage due to transient focal ischaemia
    • Zhao Q, Smith ML, Siesjo BK. 1994. The omega-conopeptide SNX-111, an N-type calcium channel blocker, dramatically ameliorates brain damage due to transient focal ischemia. Acta Physiol Scand 150:459-461. (Pubitemid 24231190)
    • (1994) Acta Physiologica Scandinavica , vol.150 , Issue.4 , pp. 459-461
    • Zhao, Q.1    Smith, M.-L.2    Siesjo, B.K.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.