Hot filament CVD of Fe-Cr catalyst for thermal CVD carbon nanotube growth from liquid petroleum gas

Applied Surface Science

Volumn 256, Issue 5, 2009, Pages 1365-1371

  Pasha, M Akbarzadeh ^a   Shafiekhani, A ^b   Vesaghi, M A ^a  

^a SHARIF UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Iran)

^b ALZAHRA UNIVERSITY   (Iran)

Author keywords

Carbon nanotube; HFCVD; Metal catalyst; SEM; TCVD

Indexed keywords

BINARY ALLOYS; CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION; CHROMIUM ALLOYS; HIGH RESOLUTION TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; IRON ALLOYS; NANOCATALYSTS; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; X RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY; YARN;

FILAMENT TEMPERATURE; HFCVD; HOT-FILAMENT CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION; LIQUID PETROLEUM GASSES (LPG); LIQUID-PETROLEUM GAS; METAL CATALYST; SURFACE CONCENTRATION; TCVD;

CARBON NANOTUBES;

EID: 70849110718     PISSN: 01694332     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2009.08.090     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Iijima S. Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon. Nature 354 (1991) 56-58
2. Journet C., Maser W.K., Bernier P., Loiseau P.A., de la Chapelle M.L., Lefrant S., Deniard P., Lee R., and Fischer J.E. Large-scale production of single-walled carbon nanotubes by the electric-arc technique. Nature 388 (1997) 756-758
3. Thess A., Lee R., Nikolaev P., Dai H., Petit P., Robert J., Xu C., Lee Y.H., Kim S.G., Rinzler A.G., Colbert D.T., Scuseria G.E., Tománek D., Fischer J.E., and Smalley R.E. Crystalline ropes of metallic carbon nanotubes. Science 273 (1996) 483-487
4. Dai H. Carbon nanotubes: opportunities and challenges. Surf. Sci. 500 (2002) 218-241
5. Meyyappan M., Delzeit L., Cassell A., and Hash D. Carbon nanotube growth by PECVD: a review. Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 12 (2003) 205-216
6. Bonard J.M. Carbon nanostructures by hot filament chemical vapor deposition: growth, properties, applications. Thin Solid Films 501 (2006) 8-14
7. Dang C., and Wang T. Study on effects of substrate temperature on growth and structure of alignment carbon nanotubes in plasma-enhanced hot filament chemical vapor deposition system. Appl. Surf. Sci. 253 (2006) 904-908
8. Haipeng L., Chunsheng S., Xiwen D., Chunnian H., Jiajun L., and Niaqin Z. The influences of synthesis temperature and Ni catalyst on the growth of carbon nanotubes by chemical vapor deposition. Mater. Lett. 62 (2008) 1472-1475
9. Hernadi K., Fonseca A., Nagy J.B., Siska A., and Kiricsi I. Production of nanotubes by the catalytic decomposition of different carbon-containing compounds. Appl. Catal. A: Gen. 199 (2000) 245-255
10. Dupuis A.C. The catalyst in the CCVD of carbon nanotubes-a review. Prog. Mater. Sci. 50 (2005) 929-961
11. Mhlanga S.D., and Coville N.J. Iron-cobalt catalysts synthesized by a reverse micelle impregnation method for controlled growth of carbon nanotubes. Diamond Relat. Mater. 17 (2008) 1489-1493
12. Pan S.S., Xie Z.W., Chang B.H., Sun L.F., Zhou W.Y., and Wang G. Direct growth of aligned open carbon nanotubes by chemical vapor deposition. Chem. Phys. Lett. 299 (1999) 97-102
13. Merkulov V.I., Lowndes D.H., Wei Y.Y., Eres G., and Voelkl E. Patterned growth of individual and multiple vertically aligned carbon nanofibres. Appl. Phys. Lett. 76 (2000) 3555-3557
14. Chhowalla M., Teo K.B.K., Ducati C., Rupersinghe N.L., Amaratunga G.A.J., Ferrari A.C., Roy D., Robertson J., and Milne W.I. Growth process conditions of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes using plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition. J. Appl. Phys. 90 (2001) 5308-5317
15. Delzeit L., Chen B., Cassell A.M., Stevens R., Nguyen C., and Meyyappan M. Multilayered metal catalysts for controlling the density of single-walled carbon nanotube growth. Chem. Phys. Lett. 348 (2001) 368-374
16. Chen L., Liu H., Yang K., Wang J., and Wang X. The effect of reaction temperature on the diameter distribution of carbon nanotubes grown from ethylene decomposition over a Co-La-O catalyst. Mater. Chem. Phys. 112 (2008) 407-411
17. Galvan D.H., Aguilar-Elguezabal A., and Alonso G. High resolution TEM studies of carbon nanotubes produced by spray pyrolysis. Opt. Mater. 29 (2006) 140-143
18. Kichambare D.P., Qian D., Dickey E.C., and Grimes C.A. Thin film metallic catalyst coatings for the growth of multiwalled carbon nanotubes by pyrolysis of xylene. Carbon 40 (2002) 1903-1909
19. Inoue M., Asai K., Nagayasu Y., Takane K., Iwamoto S., Yagasaki E., and Ishii K.I. Formation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes by Ni-catalyzed decomposition of methane at 600-750 °C. Diamond Relat. Mater. 17 (2008) 1471-1475
20. Khedr M.H., Abdel Halim K.S., and Soliman N.K. Effect of temperature on the kinetics of acetylene decomposition over reduced iron oxide catalyst for the production of carbon nanotubes. Appl. Surf. Sci. 255 (2008) 2375-2381
21. Huang J., Zhang Q., Wei F., Qian W., Wang D., and Hu L. Liquefied petroleum gas containing sulfur as the carbon source for carbon nanotube forests. Carbon 46 (2008) 291-296
22. Ndungu P., Nechaev A., Khotseng L., Onyegebule N., Davids W., Mohammed R., Vaivars G., Bladegroen B., and Linkov V. Carbon nanomaterials synthesized using liquid petroleum gas: analysis toward applications in hydrogen storage and production. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 33 (2008) 3102-3106
23. Qian W., Yu H., Wei F., Zhang Q., and Wang Z. Synthesis of carbon nanotube from liquefied petroleum gas containing sulfur. Carbon 40 (2002) 2961-2973
24. Forzatti P., and Lietti L. Catalyst deactivation. Catal. Today 52 (1999) 165-181
25. Eller K., and Schwarz H. Organometallic chemistry in the gas phase. Chem. Rev. 91 (1991) 1121-1177
26. Ranjbar M., Ahadian M.M., Iraji zad A., and Dolati A. The effect of the Cr and Mo on the surface accumulation of copper in the electrodeposited Ni-Fe/Cu alloy films. Mater. Sci. Eng. B 127 (2006) 17-21
27. 3 films using spray pyrolysis technique. Mater. Lett. 61 (2007) 1908-1911
28. Mills P., and Sullivan J.L. A study of the core level electrons in iron and its three oxides by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 16 (1983) 723-732
29. Chen C.F., Lin C.L., and Wang C.M. Field emission properties of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes grown on bias-enhanced hydrogen plasma-pretreated Cr film. Thin Solid Films 444 (2003) 64-69
30. Shaijumona M.M., Bejoy N., and Ramaprabhu S. Catalytic growth of carbon nanotubes over Ni/Cr hydrotalcite-type anionic clay and their hydrogen storage properties. Appl. Surf. Sci. 242 (2005) 192-198
31. Harutyunyan A.R., Pradhan B.K., Kim U.J., Chen G., and Eklund P.C. CVD synthesis of single wall carbon nanotube under soft conditions. Nano Lett. 2 (2002) 525-530
32. Ci L., Rao Z., Zhou Z., Tang D., Yan X., Liang Y., Liu D., Yuan H., Zhou W., Wang G., Liu W., and Xie S. Double wall carbon nanotubes promoted by sulfur in a floating iron catalyst CVD system. Chem. Phys. Lett. 359 (2002) 63-67
33. Wei J., Zhu H., Jia Y., Shu Q., Li C., Wang K., Wei B., Zhu Y., Wang Z., Luo J., Liu W., and Wu D. The effect of sulfur on the number of layers in a carbon nanotube. Carbon 45 (2007) 2152-2158
34. Saito R., Dresselhaus G., and Dresselhaus M.S. Physical Properties of Carbon Nanotube (1998), Imperial College Press, London