Which drugs for the control of fever in critical patients

Current Drug Targets

Volumn 10, Issue 9, 2009, Pages 881-886

  Fumagalli, R ^a   Bellani, G ^a,b   Perri, A ^b  

^a SAN GERARDO HOSPITAL   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MILANO BICOCCA   (Italy)

Author keywords

Acetaminophen; Critically ill patients; Diclofenac; Fever; NSAIDs; Steroids

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ANTIPYRETIC AGENT; CORTICOSTEROID; DICLOFENAC; GLUCOCORTICOID; IBUPROFEN; KETOROLAC; NIMESULIDE; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; PARACETAMOL; PLACEBO;

ANAPHYLAXIS; ANTIPYRETIC ACTIVITY; BEHAVIOR DISORDER; BLEEDING TIME; BODY TEMPERATURE; BRAIN PERFUSION; CATARACT; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTINUOUS INFUSION; CRITICAL ILLNESS; CRITICALLY ILL PATIENT; CYTOKINE RELEASE; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG FATALITY; DRUG HYPERSENSITIVITY; DRUG MECHANISM; DRUG OVERDOSE; DRUG SAFETY; ELECTROLYTE DISTURBANCE; FEVER; GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE; GROWTH RETARDATION; HEAT SHOCK RESPONSE; HEMODYNAMIC STRESS; HOSPITAL INFECTION; HOSPITAL PATIENT; HUMAN; HYPERGLYCEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPOTENSION; IMMUNE RESPONSE; INDUCED HYPOTHERMIA; INTENSIVE CARE UNIT; ISCHEMIA; KIDNEY DYSFUNCTION; LIVER INJURY; LIVER TOXICITY; LOW DRUG DOSE; MEAN ARTERIAL PRESSURE; MYOPATHY; OLIGURIA; OSTEOPOROSIS; PATHOGENESIS; REVIEW; SIDE EFFECT; SINGLE DRUG DOSE; SODIUM RETENTION; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; WATER RETENTION;

ANALGESICS, NON-NARCOTIC; CRITICAL ILLNESS; FEVER; HUMANS;

EID: 70450159968     PISSN: 13894501     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/138945009789108828     Document Type: Review

References (64)

1. O'Grady NP, Barie PS, Bartlett JB, Bleck T, Carroll K, Kalil AC, et al. Guidelines for evaluation of new fever in critically ill adult patients: 2008 update from the American College of Critical Care Medicine and the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Crit Care Med 2008; 36: 1330-1347
2. O'Grady NP, Barie PS, Bartlett JB, Bleck T, Garvey G, Jacobi J, et al. Practice parameters for evaluating new fever in critically ill adult patients. Task Force of the American College of Critical Care Medicine of the Society of Critical Care Medicine in collaboration with the Infectious Disease Society of America. Crit Care Med 1998; 26: 392-408.
3. Aronoff DM, Neilson EG. Antipyretics: mechanisms of action and clinical use in fever suppression. Am J Med 2001; 111(4): 304-315 (Pubitemid 32885627)
4. Cunha BA, Shea KW. Fever in the intensive care unit. Infect Dis Clin North Am 1996; 10(1): 185-209.
5. Laupland KB, Shahpori R, Kirkpatrick AW, Ross T, Gregson DB, Stelfox HT. Occurrence and outcome of fever in critically ill adults. Crit Care Med 2008; 36(5): 1531-1535 (Pubitemid 351620673)
6. Peres-Bota D, Lopes-Ferreira F, Melot C, Vincent JL Body temperature alterations in the critically ill. Intensive Care Med 2004; 30: 811-816 (Pubitemid 38639471)
7. Circiumaru B, Baldock G, Cohen J. A prospective study of fever in the intensive care unit. Intensive Care Med 1999; 25: 668-673 (Pubitemid 29376119)
8. Marik PE. Fever in the ICU. Chest 2000; 117(3): 855-869
9. Ryan M, Levy MM. Clinical review: fever in intensive care unit patients. Crit Care 2003; 7(3): 221-225 (Pubitemid 36748882)
10. Laupland KB, Gregson DB, Zygun DA, Doig CJ, Mortis G, Church DL. Severe bloodstream infections: a population-based assessment. Crit Care Med 2004; 32(4): 992-997 (Pubitemid 38471521)
11. Laupland KB, Zygun DA, Doig CJ, Bagshaw SM, Svenson LW, Fick GH. One-year mortality of bloodstream infection-associated sepsis and septic shock among patients presenting to a regional critical care system. Intensive Care Med 2005; 31(2): 213-219
12. Laupland KB, Zygun DA, Davies HD, Church DL, Louie TJ, Doig CJ. Incidence and risk factors for acquiring nosocomial urinary tract infection in the critically ill. J Crit Care 2002; 17(1): 50-57
13. Laupland KB, Bagshaw SM, Gregson DB, Kirkpatrick AW, Ross T, Church DL. Intensive care unit-acquired urinary tract infections in a regional critical care system. Crit Care 2005; 9(2): R60-5.
14. Van-Zanten AR, Dixon JM, Nipshagen MD, de Bree R, Girbes AR, Polderman KH. Hospital-acquired sinusitis is a common cause of fever of unknown origin in orotracheally intubated critically ill patients. Crit Care 2005; 9(5): R583-90.
15. Borman KR, Brown PM, Mezera KK, Jhaveri H. Occult fever in surgical intensive care unit patients is seldom caused by sinusitis. Am J Surg 1992; 164(5): 412-415 (Pubitemid 23072527)
16. Cunha BA. Fever in the intensive care unit. Intensive Care Med 1999; 25(7): 668-673
17. Cunningham JA, Jelic S. Baclofen withdrawal: a cause of prolonged fever in the intensive care unit. Anaesth Intensive Care 2005; 33(4): 534-537 (Pubitemid 41131597)
18. Hébert PC, Fergusson D, Blajchman MA, Wells GA, Kmetic A, Coyle D. Clinical outcomes following institution of the Canadian universal leukoreduction program for red blood cell transfusions.JAMA. 2003; 289(15): 1941-1949
19. Bouchama A, Knochel JP. Heat stroke. N Engl J Med 2002; 346(25): 1978-1988
20. Oliveira-Filho J, Ezzeddine MA, Segal AZ, Buonanno FS, Chang Y, Ogilvy CS, et al. Fever in subarachnoid hemorrhage: relationship to vasospasm and outcome. Neurology. 2001; 56(10): 1299-1304 (Pubitemid 32455287)
21. Chin R. Adrenal crisis. Crit Care Clin. 1991; 7(1): 23-42.
22. Smego RA, Jr, Durack DT. The neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Arch Intern Med 1982; 142(6): 1183-1185
23. Georgilis K, Plomaritoglou A, Dafni U, Bassiakos Y, Vemmos K. Aetiology of fever in patients with acute stroke. J Intern Med 1999; 246(2): 203-209 (Pubitemid 29378925)
24. Diringer MN, Reaven NL, Funk SE, Uman GC. Elevated body temperature indipendently contributes to increased lenght of stay in neurologic intensive care unit patients. Crit Care Med 2004; 32 (7): 1489-1495
25. Ryan AJ, Flanagan SW, Moseley PL, Gisolfi CV. Acute heat stress protects rats against endotoxin shock. J Appl Physiol 1992; 73(4): 1517-1522
26. Kluger MJ, Kozak W, Conn CA, Leon LR, Soszynski D. The adaptive value of fever. Infect Dis Clin North Am 1996; 10(1): 1-20.
27. Villar J, Ribeiro SP, Mullen JB, Kuliszewski M, Post M, Slutsky AS. Induction of the heat shock response reduces mortality rate and organ damage in a sepsis-induced acute lung injury model. Crit Care Med 1994; 22(6): 914-921 (Pubitemid 24182720)
28. Plaisance Kl, Mackowiak PA. Antipyretic therapy: physiologic rationale, diagnostic implications, and clinical consequences. Arch Intern Med 2000; 160(4): 449-456 (Pubitemid 30112268)
29. Kiang JG, Tsokos GC. Heat shock protein 70 kDa: molecular biology, biochemistry, and physiology. Pharmacol Ther. 1998; 80(2): 183-201. (Pubitemid 28498227)
30. Flohé S, Dominguez Fernández E, Ackermann M, Hirsch T, Börgermann J, Schade FU. Endotoxin tolerance in rats: expression of TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-10, VCAM-1 AND HSP 70 in lung and liver during endotoxin shock. Cytokine. 1999; 11(10): 796-804. (Pubitemid 29460479)
31. Hauser GJ, Dayao EK, Wasserloos K, Pitt BR, Wong HR. HSP induction inhibits iNOS mRNA expression and attenuates hypotension in endotoxin-challenged rats. Am J Physiol 1996; 271(6 Pt 2): H2529-35. (Pubitemid 27034425)
32. Klosterhalfen B, Hauptmann S, Offner FA, Amo-Takyi B, Töns C, Winkeltau G, et al. Induction of heat shock protein 70 by zinc-bis- (DL-hydrogenaspartate) reduces cytokine liberation, apoptosis, and mortality rate in a rat model of LD100 endotoxemia. Shock. 1997; 7(4): 254-262 (Pubitemid 127654276)
33. Sun Z, Andersson R. NF-kappaB activation and inhibition: a review. Shock 2002; 18(2):99-106.
34. Ginsberg MD, Busto R. Combating hyperthermia in acute stroke: a significant clinical concern. Stroke 1998; 29(2): 529-534 (Pubitemid 28086703)
35. Dietrich WD, Alonso O, Halley M, Busto R. Delayed posttraumatic brain hyperthermia worsens outcome after fluid percussion brain injury: a light and electron microscopic study in rats. Neurosurgery 1996; 38(3): 533-541 (Pubitemid 26067767)
36. Minamisawa H, Smith ML, Siesjö BK. The effect of mild hyperthermia and hypothermia on brain damage following 5, 10, and 15 minutes of forebrain ischemia. Ann Neurol 1990; 28(1): 26-33. (Pubitemid 20222148)
37. Busto R, Globus MY, Dietrich WD, Martinez E, Valdés I, Ginsberg MD. Effect of mild hypothermia on ischemia-induced release of neurotransmitters and free fatty acids in rat brain. Stroke 1989; 20(7): 904-910 (Pubitemid 19188246)
38. Barie PS, Hydo LJ, Eachempati SR. Causes and consequences of fever complicating critical surgical illness. Surg Infect. (Larchmt) 2004; 5: 145-159
39. Soukup J, Zauner A, Doppenberg EM, Menzel M, Gilman C, Young HF, et al. The importance of brain temperature in patients after severe head injury: relationship to intracranial pressure, cerebral perfusion pressure, cerebral blood flow, and outcome. 2002; 19(5): 559-567
40. Schulman CI, Namias N, Doherty J, Manning RJ, Li Pam, Alhaddad A, et al. The effect of antipyretic therapy upon outcomes in critically ill patients: a randomized, prospective study. Surg Infect. (Larchmt) 2005; 6 (4): 369-375
41. Gozzoli V, Schöttker P, Suter PM, Ricou B Is it worth treating fever in intensive care unit patients? Preliminary results from a randomized trial of the effect of external cooling. Arch Intern Med 2001; 161(1): 121-123 (Pubitemid 32052153)
42. Polderman KH. Induced hypothermia and fever control for prevention and treatment of neurological injuries. Lancet. 2008; 371(9628): 1955-1969
43. Henker R, Rogers S, Kramer DJ, Kelso L, Kerr M, Sereika S. Comparison of fever treatments in the critically ill: a pilot study. AJCC 2001; 10 (4): 276-280 (Pubitemid 33605315)
44. Fumagalli R, Groeneveld J Pyrexia PACT ESICM Multidisciplinary distance Learning Programme for Intensive Care Training.
45. Carhuapoma JR, Gupta K, Coplin WM, Muddassir SM, Meratee MM. Treatment of refractory fever in the neurosciences critical care unit using a novel, water-circulating cooling device. A single-center pilot experience. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol. 2003; 15(4): 313-318 (Pubitemid 37210916)
46. Gilman AG, Rall TW. Goodman and Gilman's the Pharmacologic Basis of Therapeutics. New York: Pergamon Press 2006.
47. Zandstra DF, Stoutenbeek CP, Alexander JP. Antipyretic therapy with diclofenac sodium. Observations on effect and serious side effects in critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med 1983; 9(1): 21-23
48. Pesenti A, Riboni A, Basilico E, Grossi E. Antipyretic therapy in ICU patients: evaluation of low dose diclofenac sodium. Intensive Care Med 1986; 12(5): 370-373 (Pubitemid 16019684)
49. Cormio M, Citerio G, Spear S, Fumagalli R, Pesenti A. Control of fever by continuous, low-dose diclofenac sodium infusion in acute cerebral damage patients. Intensive Care Med 2000; 26(5): 552-557 (Pubitemid 30325871)
50. Caricato A, Conti G, Mercurio G, Mancino A, Santilli F, Massimo Antonelli, et al. Continuous low-dose diclofenac infusion for fever control in patients with acute neurological lesions. Can J Anaesth 2004; 51: 950-951 (Pubitemid 40124741)
51. Cormio M, Citerio G. Continuous low dose diclofenac sodium infusion to control fever in neurosurgical critical Care Neurocrit Care 2007;6(2):82-89
52. Brown G. Acetaminophen-induced hypotension. Heart Lung 1996; 25(2):137-140
53. Boyle M, Hundy S, Torda TA. Paracetamol administration is associated with hypotension in the critically ill. Aust Crit Care 1997; 10(4): 120-122
54. Mayoral CE, Marino RV, Rosenfeld W, Greensher J. Alternating antipyretics : is this an alternative ? Pediatrics 2000; 105: 1009-1012
55. Kauffman RE, Sawyer LA, Scheinbaum ML. Antipyretic efficacy of ibuprofen vs acetaminophen. Am J Dis Child 1992; 146(5): 622-625
56. Drwal-Klein LA, Phelps SJ. Antipyretic therapy in the febrile Child Clin Pharm 1992; 11(12): 1005-1021
57. Litalien C, Jacqz-Aigrain E. Risks and benefits of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in children: a comparison with paracetamol. Paediatr Drugs 2001; 3(11): 817-858 (Pubitemid 33139678)
58. Canadian Paediatric Society. Position Paper DT98-01 of the Drug Therapy and Hazardous Substances Committee. Canadian Paediatric Society: Ottawa 2000.
59. Bernard GR, Wheeler AP, Russell JA, Schein R, Summer WR, Steinberg KP, et al. Effects of ibuprofen on the physiology and survival of patients with sepsis. The Ibuprofen in Sepsis Study Group. N Engl J Med 1997; 336: 912-918
60. Vargas R, Maneatis T, Bynum L, Peterson C, McMahon FG. Evaluation of the antipyretic effect of ketorolac, acetaminophen, and placebo in endotoxin-induced fever. J Clin Pharmacol. 1994; 34(8): 848-853 (Pubitemid 24325013)
61. Cunietti E, Monti M, Viganó A, D'Aprile E, Saligari A, Scafuro E, et al. Nimesulide in the treatment of hyperpyrexia in the aged: double-blind comparison with paracetamol. Arzneimittelforschung. 1993; 43(2): 160-162 (Pubitemid 23060792)
62. Reiner M, Cereghetti S, Haeusermann M, Monti T. Antipyretic activity of nimesulide suppositories: double blind versus diclofenac and placebo. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol. 1985; 23(12): 673-677 (Pubitemid 16211943)
63. Coelho MM, Luheshi G, Hopkins SJ, Pelá IR, Rothwell NJ. Multiple mechanisms mediate antipyretic action of glucocorticoids. Am J Physiol 1995; 269(3 Pt 2): R527-35.
64. Zampronio AR, Souza GE, Silva CA, Cunha FQ, Ferreira SH. Interleukin-8 induces fever by a prostaglandin-independent mechanism. Am J Physiol 1994; 266(5 Pt 2): R1670-4.