Hemolysis in diagnostic samples;Hemólisis en las muestras para diagnóstico

Revista del Laboratorio Clinico

Volumn 2, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 185-195

  Gómez Rioja, Rubén ^a,b   Alsina Kirchner, María Jesús ^a,c   Álvarez Funes, Virtudes ^a,d   Barba Meseguer, Nuria ^a,e   Cortés Rius, Mariano ^a,f   Llopis Díaz, María Antonia ^a,c   Martínez Bru, Cecilia ^a,f  

^a Sociedad Espanola de Bioquimica Clinica y Patologia Molecular   (Spain)

^b HOSPITAL UNIVERSITARIO LA PAZ   (Spain)

^c Clinical Laboratory Barcelones Nord i Vallés Oriental ICS   (Spain)

^d Laboratori Clinic l'Hospitalet   (Spain)

^e CAT   (Spain)

^f HOSPITAL DE LA SANTA CREU I SANT PAU   (Spain)

Author keywords

Blood specimen collection; Hemolysis; Preanalytical errors; Preanalytical variability

Indexed keywords

ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; HEMOGLOBIN;

BLOOD SAMPLING; CENTRIFUGATION; CLINICAL CHEMISTRY; CLINICAL LABORATORY; ERYTHROCYTE; HEMOLYSIS; HUMAN; PHLEBOTOMY; QUALITY CONTROL; SHORT SURVEY; VEIN PUNCTURE;

EID: 70449130465     PISSN: 18884008     EISSN: 19890389     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.labcli.2009.08.002     Document Type: Short Survey

References (73)

1. Lippi G., Montagnana M., Giavarina D., and Italian Society of Clinical Biochemistry and Clinical Molecular Biology; Italian Society of Laboratory Medicine; Italian Committee for Standardisation of Laboratory and Haematological Methods. National survey on the pre-analytical variability in a representative cohort of Italian laboratories. Clin Chem Lab Med 44 (2006) 1491-1494
2. Thomas L. Haemolysis as influence and interference factor, eJIFCC. 13; 2002 [6 Oct 2009]. Disponible en: URL: http://www.ifcc.org/ejifcc/vol13no4/130401002.htm
3. Lippi G., Blanckaert N., Bonini P., Green S., Kitchen S., Palicka V., et al. Haemolysis: An overview of the leading cause of unsuitable specimens in clinical laboratories. Clin Chem Lab Med 46 (2008) 764-772
4. World Health Organization. Use of anticoagulants in diagnostic laboratory investigations. 2002 (WHO/DIL/LAB/99.1 Rev 2) [6 Oct 2009]. Disponible en: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2002/WHO_DIL_LAB_99.1_REV2.pdf.
5. Lippi G., Banfi G., Buttarello M., Ceriotti F., Daves M., Dolci A., et al. Recommendations for detection and management of unsuitable samples in clinical laboratories. Clin Chem Lab Med 45 (2007) 728-736
6. o 1 reason for specimen rejection [6 Oct 2009]. Disponible en: URL: http://www.specimencare.com/
7. Jones B.A., Calam R.R., and Howanitz P.J. Chemistry specimen acceptability: A College of American Pathologists Q-Probe study of 453 labs. Arch Lab Med 121 (1997) 19-26
8. Alsina M.J., Álvarez V., Barba N., Bullich S., Cortés M., Escoda I., et al. Preanalytical quality control program-an overview of results (2001-2005 summary). Clin Chem Lab Med 46 (2008) 849-854
9. Glick M.R., Ryder K.W., Glick S.J., and Woods J.R. Unreliable visual estimation of the incidence and amount of turbidity, hemolysis and icterus in serum from hospitalized patients. Clin Chem 35 (1989) 837-839
10. Carraro P., Servidio G., and Plebani M. Hemolyzed specimens: A reason for rejection or a clinical challenge?. Clin Chem 46 (2000) 306-307
11. Savory J., and Bill J.G. Hemolysis of specimens drawn in the ER. Lab Med 27 (1996) 802
12. Marian S.G. The effect of blood drawing techniques and equipment on the hemolysis of ED laboratory blood samples. J Emerg Nurs 29 (2003) 116-121
13. Burns E.R., and Yoshikawa N. Hemolysis in serum samples drawn by emergency department personnel versus laboratory phlebotomists. Lab Med 33 (2002) 378-380
14. Lowe G., Stike R., Pollack M., Bosley J., O'Brien P., Hake A., et al. Nursing blood specimen collection techniques and hemolysis rates in an emergency department: Analysis of venipuncture versus intravenous catheter collection techniques. J Emerg Nurs 34 (2008) 26-32
15. Kennedy C., Angemuller S., King R., Noviello S., Walker J., Warden J., et al. A comparison of hemolysis rates using intravenous catheters versus venipuncture tubes for obtaining blood samples. J Emer Nurs 22 (1996) 566-569
16. Agós M.D., Lizarraga R., Gambra D., Marañón A., Orozco C., and Díaz E. Factores relacionados con la hemólisis en la extracción de muestras sanguíneas. An Sist Sanit Navar 31 (2008) 153-158
17. Sharp M.K., and Mohammad S.F. Scaling of hemolysis in needles and catheters. Ann Biochem Engineer 26 (1998) 788-797
18. Dugan L., Leech L., Speroni K.G., and Corriher J. Factors affecting hemolysis rates in blood samples drawn from newly placed IV sites in the emergency department. Journal of Emergency Nursing 31 (2005) 338-345
19. Lippi G., Salvagno G.L., and Guidi G.C. No influence of a butterfly device on routine coagulation assays and D-dimer measurement. J Thromb Haemost 3 (2005) 389-391
20. Techert F., Techert S., Woo L., Beck W., Lebsanft H., and Wizemann V. High blood flow rates with adjustment of needle diameter do not increase hemolysis during hemodialysis treatment. J Vasc Access 8 (2007) 252-257
21. Wilcox G.J., Barnes A., and Modanlou H. Does transfusion using a syringe infusion pump and small-gauge needle cause hemolysis?. Transfusion 21 (1981) 750-751
22. Herrera A.J., and Corless J. Blood transfusions: Effect of speed of infusion and of needle gauge on hemolysis. J Pediatr 99 (1981) 757-758
23. Fang L, Fang SH, Chung YH, Chien ST. Collecting factors related to the haemolysis of blood specimens. J Clin Nurs. 2008;17:2343-51.
24. Ong M., Chan Y., and Lim C.S. Observational study to determine factors associated with blood sample haemolysis in the emergency department. Ann Acad Med Singapore 37 (2008) 745-748
25. Faro O., Masahiro I., and Mayumi Y. Hemolysis induced by benzyl alcohol and effect of the alcohol on erythrocyte membrane. Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin 31 (1983) 2404-2415
26. Meites S., Lin S.S., and Thompson C. Studies on the quality of specimens obtained by skin puncture of children 1. Tendency to hemolysis, and haemoglobin and tissue fluid as contaminants. Clinical Chemistry 27 (1981) 875-878
27. Kazmierczak S.C., Robertson A.F., and Briley K.P. Comparison of hemolysis in blood samples collected using an automatic incision device and a manual lance. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 156 (2002) 1072-1074
28. Copeland B.E., Dyer P.J., and Pesce A.J. Hemoglobin by first derivative spectrophotometry: Extend of hemolysis in plasma and serum collected in vacuum container devices. Ann Clin Lab Sci 19 (1989) 383-388
29. Sixsmith D.M., Weinbaum F., Ann Chan S.Y., Nussabaum M., and Magdich K. Reduction of hemolysis of blood specimens drawn from ED patients for routine chemistry tests by use of low vacuum collection tubes. Academic Emergency Medicine 7 (2000) 524
30. Cox S.R., Dages J.H., Jarjoura D., and Hazelett S. Blood samples drawn from iv catheters have less hemolysis when 5 ml (vs 10 ml) collection tubes are used. Journal of Emergency Nursing 30 (2004) 529-533
31. Tamechika Y., Iwatani Y., Tohyama K., and Ichihara K. Insufficient filling of vacuum tubes as a cause of microhemolysis and elevated serum lactate dehydrogensae levels. Use of a data-mining technique in evaluation of questionable laboratory test results. Clin Chem Lab Med 44 (2006) 657-661
32. Pragay D.A., Edwards L., Toppin M., Palmer R.R., and Chilcote M.E. Evaluation of an improved pneumatic-tube system suitable for transportation of blood specimens. Clin Chem 17 (1974) 1160-1164
33. Steige H., and Jones J.D. Evaluation of pneumatic-tube system for delivery of blood specimens. Clin Chem 17 (1971) 1160-1164
34. Stair T.O., Howell J.M., Fitzgerald D.J., Bailey S.C., and Bastasch M.D. Hemolysis of blood specimens transported from ED to laboratory by pneumatic tube. Am J Emergency Med 13 (1995) 484
35. Lippi G., Bassi A., Brocco G., Montagnana M., Salvagno G.L., and Guidi G.C. Preanalytic error tracking in a laboratory medicine department: Results of a 1-year experience. Clin Chem 52 (2006) 1442-1443
36. Pragay D.A., Fan P., Brinkley S., and Chilcote M.E. A computer directed pneumatic tube system: Its effects on specimens. Clin Biochem 13 (1980) 259-261
37. Greendyke R.M., Banzhaf J.C., Pelysko S., and Bauman B. Immunologic studies of blood samples transported by a pneumatic tube system. Am J Clin Pathol 68 (1976) 508-510
38. Sodi R., Darn S.M., and Stott A. Pneumatic tube system induced haemolysis: Assessing sample type susceptibility to haemolysis. Ann Clin Biochem 41 (2004) 237-240
39. Boyanton Jr. B.L., and Blick K.E. Stability studies of twenty-four analytes in human plasma and serum. Clin Chem 48 (2002) 2242-2247
40. Lippi G., Salvagno G.L., Montagnana M., Poli G., and Guidi G.C. Influence of centrifuge temperature on routine coagulation testing. Clin Chem 52 (2006) 537-538
41. Hira K., Ohtani Y., Rahman M., Noguchi Y., Shimbo T., and Fukui T. Pseudohyperkalaemia caused by recentrifugation of blood samples after storage in gel separator tubes. Ann Clin Biochem 38 (2001) 386-390
42. Garza D., and Becan-McBride K. Phlebotomy handbook. 5 ed (1999), Appleton & Lange, Stamford, CT
43. Lippi G., Salvagno G.L., Montagnana M., Franchini M., and Guidi G.C. Phlebotomy issues and quality improvement in results of laboratory testing. Clin Lab 52 (2006) 217-230
44. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Procedures for the Collection of Blood Specimens by Venipuncture; Approved Standard. Sixth Edition. Wayne: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2007
45. CLSI (formerly NCCLS): Procedures for the Handling and Processing of Blood Specimens; Approved Guideline-Third Edition. CLSI document H18-A3 (ISBN:1-56238-555-0). Wayne: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2004.
46. Council Directive 98/79/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 October 1998 on In Vitro Diagnostic Medical Devices. Official Journal of the European Union L331 (Dec. 12, 1998).
47. NCCLS. Interference Testing in Clinical Chemistry; Approved Guideline. NCCLS document EP7-A Wayne: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2002.
48. Sinclair D., Briston P., Young R., and Pepin N. Seasonal pseudohyperkalaemia. J Clin Pathol 56 (2003) 385-388
49. Blank D.W., Kroll M.H., Ruddel M.E., and Elin R.J. Hemoglobin interference from in vivo hemolysis. Clin Chem 31 (1985) 1566-1569
50. Lippi G., Salvagno G.L., Montagnana M., Brocco G., and Guidi G.C. Influence of hemolysis on routine clinical chemistry testing. Clin Chem Lab Med 44 (2006) 311-316
51. Mahoney J.J., Vreman H.J., Stevenson D.K., and Van Kessel A.L. Measurement of carboxyhemoglobin and total hemoglobin by five specialized spectrophotometers (CO-oximeters) in comparison with reference methods. Clin Chem 39 (1993) 1693-1700
52. Kroll M.H., and Elin R.J. Interference with clinical laboratory analyses (review). Clin Chem 40 (1994) 1996-2005
53. Jay D.W., and Provasek D. Characterization and mathematical correction of hemolysis interference in selected Hitachi 717 assays. Clin Chem 39 (1993) 1804-1810
54. Ricós C., Álvarez V., Cava F., García-Lario J.V., Hernández A., Jiménez C.V., et al. Current databases on biological variation: Pros, cons and progress. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 59 (1999) 491-500
55. Castaño J.L. Estudio de las interferencias analíticas endógenas en química clínica. Quim Clin 13 (1994) 84-92
56. Castaño J.L. Criterios para la valoración de la significación analítica y clínica de las interferencias en bioquímica clínica. Quim Clin 14 (1995) 107-109
57. Caballero Sarmiento R. Estudio de las interferencias producidas por la hemólisis en la medición de 18 constituyentes séricos en un ADVIA 2400. Quím Clín 26 (2007) 20-22
58. Steen G., Vermeer H.J., Naus A.J., Goevaerts B., Agricola P.T., and Schoenmakers C.H. Multicenter evaluation of the interference of hemoglobin, bilirubin and lipids on Synchron LX-20 assays. Clin Chem Lab Med 44 (2006) 413-419
59. Cecco S.A., and Rehak N.M. Rejection rules for hemolisys icterus and lipemia indices on syncron LX20 Clinical System. Clin Chem 50A (2004) 109
60. García Aguilar G.D., Pico Picos M.A., Quintana Hidalgo L., Cabrera Argany A., Lorenzo Medina M., and Aguilar Doreste J.A. Utilidad de los índices séricos para la valoración de las interferencias causadas por la hemólisis y la bilirrubina en la medición de distintos constituyentes bioquímicos. Quím Clín 26 (2007) 196-201
61. Snyder J.A., Rogers M.W., King M.S., Phillips J.C., Chapman J.F., and Hammett-Stabler C.A. The impact of hemolysis on Ortho-Clinical diagnostic's ECi and Roche's elecsys immunoassay systems. Clin Chim Acta 348 (2004) 181-187
62. Lippi G., Montagnana M., Salvagno J.L., and Guidi G.C. Interference of blood cell lysis on routine coagulation testing. Arch Pathol Lab Med 130 (2006) 181-184
63. Laga A.C., Cheves T.A., and Sweeney J.D. The effect of specimen hemolysis on coagulation test results. Am J Clin Pathol 126 (2006) 748-755
64. Ismail A., Shingler W., Seneviratne J., and Burrows G. In vitro and in vivo haemolysis and potassium measurement. BMJ 330 (2005) 949
65. Papadogiannakis A., Xydakis D., Sfakianaki M., Kostakis K., and Zouridakis A. An unusual cause of severe hyperkalemia in a dialysis patient. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 8 (2007) 541-543
66. Carraro P. Potassium report of hemolyzed serum samples. Clin Chem Lab Med 46 (2008) 425
67. Lippi G. Reply to the letter by Carraro: Appropriate actions in the detection of haemolytic specimens. Clin Chem Lab Med 46 (2008) 426
68. Shepherd J., Warner H., Poon P., and Kilpatrick E.S. Use of haemolysis index to estimate potassium concentration in in-vitro haemolysed serum samples. Clin Chem Lab Med 44 (2006) 877-879
69. Owens H., Siparsky G., Bajaj L., and Hampers L.C. Correction of factitious hyperkalemia in hemolyzed specimens. Am J Emerg Med 23 (2005) 872-875
70. Dale J.C., and Novis D.A. Outpatient phlebotomy success and reasons for specimen rejection. Arch Pathol Lab Med 126 (2002) 416-419
71. Romero A., Muñoz M., Ramos J.R., Campos A., and Ramírez G. Identification of preanalytical mistakes in the stat section of the clinical laboratory. Clin Chem Lab Med 43 (2005) 974-975
72. Vermeer H.J., Thomassen E., and De Jonge N. Automated processing of serum indices used for interference detection by the laboratory information system. Clin Chem 51 (2005) 244-247
73. Alsina M.J., Álvarez V., Biosca C., Domenech M.V., Ibarz M., Minchinela J., et al. Quality indicators and specifications for key processes in clinical laboratories: A preliminary experience. Clin Chem Lab Med 45 (2007) 672-677