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(b)Giri, R.; Chen, X.: Yu, J. Q. Angew Chem., Int, Ed. 2005,44, 2112.
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(d)Hull, K. L.: Anani, W. Q.; Sanford, M. S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 7134.
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(e)Wan. X.; Ma. Z.; Li, B.: Zhang, K.: Cao, S.; Zhang, S.; Shi, Z. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 7416.
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For examples, see: (a)hu, H. Y.; Yu. W. Y.: Che, C. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 28, 9048.
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(a)Hull, K. L.; Lanni, E. L.: Sanford, M. S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 128, 14047.
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(a)Chiong, H. A.: Pham, Q. N.; Daugulis, O. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 9879.
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28
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70349911895
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note
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(d)The identity of the ancillary ligands in the catalytic intermediates is not known; as a result, these ligands are represented as sticks.
-
-
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29
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37049033864
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For the oxidation of a Pd" model complex to PdIV with NCS, see
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(e)For the oxidation of a Pd" model complex to PdIV with NCS, see: Whitfield, S. R.; Sanford, M. S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129. 15142.
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Whitfield, S.R.1
Sanford, M.S.2
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30
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70349929347
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-
note
-
(f)2-Benzylpyridines were used in a previous mechanistic study of Pd-catalyzed C-H acetoxylation (ref 7b). However, these substrates reacted with NCS to form undesired benzylic chlorination side products.
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31
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70349931499
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note
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2 catalyst.
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32
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70349909725
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note
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(h)The kinetic studies were ran at different concentrations (0.024 M for chlorination versus 0.048 M for acetoxylation) because the data for each reaction was significantly more reproducible under these conditions. However, the same kinetic orders and analogous Hammett trends were observed for chlorination at 0.048 M. See the Supporting Information.
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-
-
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33
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70349921141
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note
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(i)Intermolecular primary KIE values between 3.58 and 1.85 were observed in the Pd-catalyzed C-H acetoxylation of 2-benzylpyridines (ref 7b).
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-
-
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34
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70349923256
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-
note
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(j)Interpretation of the Hammett data is somewhat complicated by the conjugated biaryl system in 1, since substitution of Y and Z can influence the electronics of both the pyridine (which binds to the metal) and the orthoC-H bond (which undergoes activation). We note that the observed p value for C-H acetoxylation (+0.89 in MeCN) is reasonably similar to that reported for benzylpyridines (+1.40 in benzene, ref 7b), where the pyridine and aryl group are electronically isolated. Thus, we hypothesize that the effect observed here is predominantly due to pyridine electronics.
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35
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0000816826
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For examples, see: (a)
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For examples, see: (a) Deeming, A. J.: Rothwell, I. P. ;Organomet. Chem. 1981, 205, 117.
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34249691926
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A dimeric resting state followed by C-H activation at a dimeric intermediate is also possible based on the kinetic data for C-H chlorination. However, literature reports suggest that dimeric complexes like Pd2(X)4(L)2 only predominate in solution under conditions where L:[Pd]
-
(e)A dimeric resting state followed by C-H activation at a dimeric intermediate is also possible based on the kinetic data for C-H chlorination. However, literature reports suggest that dimeric complexes like Pd2(X)4(L)2 only predominate in solution under conditions where L:[Pd] < 2:1. Vicente, J.; Saura-Llamas, I. Comments lnorg. Chem. 2007, 28, 39.
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Vicente, J.1
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70349923258
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note
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(f)For examples of cyclometalation mechanisms analogous to path a, see ref 16c as well as:
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42
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0000051509
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(b)Yagyu, T.; Aizawa, S.; Funahashi, S. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 1998, 71, 619.
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45
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70349909724
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note
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(e)For examples of cyclometalation mechanisms analogous to path b, see:
-
-
-
-
46
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0001203082
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(a)Alsters, P. L.; Engel, P. F.; Hogerheide, M. P.; Copijn, M.; Spek, A. L.; van Koten, G. Qrganometallics 1993, 12, 1831.
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Copijn, M.4
Spek, A.L.5
Van Koten, G.6
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33745960909
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(b)Otto, S.; Chanda, A.; Samuleev, P. V.; Ryabov, A. D. Eur. J. lnorg. Chem. 2006, 2561, and references therein.
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Otto, S.1
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48
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70349900570
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note
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2 should to be fast and essentially quantitative, particularly at 70 °C See refs 16-18.
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