Metastatic epidural spinal cord compression

Orthopedics

Volumn 32, Issue 6, 2009, Pages 431-

  Mavrogenis, Andreas F ^a   Pneumaticos, Spyridon ^b   Sapkas, George S ^a   Papagelopoulos, Panayiotis J ^a,b  

^a NATIONAL AND KAPODISTRIAN UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS   (Greece)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS MEDICAL SCHOOL   (Greece)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMITRIPTYLINE; ANTICONVULSIVE AGENT; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; CORTICOSTEROID; DEXAMETHASONE; GABAPENTIN; MACROGOL; METHYLPREDNISOLONE; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; PAMIDRONIC ACID; PREGABALIN; TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; ZOLEDRONIC ACID;

BONE PAIN; CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY; CANCER RADIOTHERAPY; CLINICAL FEATURE; CONSTIPATION; DOSE RESPONSE; DRUG DOSE REDUCTION; DRUG DOSE TITRATION; HORMONAL THERAPY; HUMAN; LOADING DRUG DOSE; LOW DRUG DOSE; NEUROPATHIC PAIN; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PROGNOSIS; REVIEW; SPINAL CORD COMPRESSION; SPINAL CORD METASTASIS; UNSPECIFIED SIDE EFFECT;

EPIDURAL NEOPLASMS; HUMANS; SPINAL CORD COMPRESSION;

EID: 70349190497     PISSN: 01477447     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3928/01477447-20090511-20     Document Type: Review

References (88)

1. Quinn JA, DeAngelis LM. Neurologic emergencies in the cancer patient. Semin Oncol. 2000; 27(3):311-321.
2. Gabriel K, Schiff D. Metastatic spinal cord compression by solid tumors. Semin Neurol. 2004; 24(4):375-383. (Pubitemid 40076114)
3. Spinazzé S, Caraceni A, Schrijvers D. Epidural spinal cord compression. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2005; 56(3):397-406.
4. Cole JS, Patchell RA. Metastatic epidural spinal cord compression. Lancet Neurol. 2008; 7(5):459-466.
5. Bilsky MH, Boland P, Lis E, Raizer JJ, Healey JH. Single-stage posterolateral transpedicle approach for spondylectomy, epidural decompression, and circumferential fusion of spinal metastases. Spine. 2000; 25(17):2240-2250. (Pubitemid 30703737)
6. Gerszten PC, Welch WC: Current surgical management of metastatic spinal disease. Oncology. 2000; 14(7):1013-1024.
7. Healey JH, Brown HK: Complications of bone metastases. Cancer. 2000; 88(Suppl 12):2940-2951.
8. Helweg-Larsen S. Clinical outcome in metastatic spinal cord compression. A prospective study in 153 patients. Acta Neurol Scand. 1996; 94(4):269-275.
9. Tazi H, Manunta A, Rodriguez A, Patard JJ, Lobel B, Guillé F. Spinal cord compression in metastatic prostate cancer. Eur Urol. 2003; 44(5):527-532. (Pubitemid 37328626)
10. Tasdemiroglu E, Patchell RA, Kryscio R. Neurologic complications of childhood malignancies. Acta Neurochir (Wie). 1999; 141(12):1313-1321.
11. Schiff D, O'Neill BP, Wang CH, O'Fallon JR. Neuroimaging and treatment implications of patients with multiple epidural spinal metastases. Cancer. 1998; 83(8):1593-1601. (Pubitemid 28465477)
12. Arguello F, Baggs RB, Duerst RE, Johnstone L, McQueen K, Frantz CN. Pathogenesis of vertebral metastases and epidural spinal cord compression. Cancer. 1990; 65(1):98-106. (Pubitemid 20026818)
13. Algra PR, Heimans JJ, Valk J, et al. Do metastases in vertebrae begin in the body or the pedicles? Imaging study in 45 patients. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1992; 158(6):1275-1279.
14. Schiff D. Spinal cord compression. Neurol Clin. 2003; 21(1):67-86, viii.
15. Nelson KA, Walsh D, Abdullah O, et al. Common complications of advanced cancer. Semin Oncol. 2000; 27(1):34-44.
16. Abrahm JL, Banffy MB, Harris MB. Spinal cord compression in patients with advanced metastatic cancer: "all I care about is walking and living my life". JAMA. 2008; 299(8):937-946.
17. Bilsky M, Smith M. Surgical approach to epidural spinal cord compression. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2006; 20(6):1307-1317. (Pubitemid 44739216)
18. Levack P, Graham J, Collie D, et al; and Scottish Cord Compression Study Group. Don't wait for a sensory level-listen to the symptoms: a prospective audit of the delays in diagnosis of malignant cord compression. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 2002; 14(6):472-480.
19. Helweg-Larsen S, Sørensen PS, Kreiner S. Prognostic factors in metastatic spinal cord compression: a prospective study using multivariate analysis of variables influencing survival and gait function in 153 patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2000; 46(5):1163-1169. (Pubitemid 30139426)
20. Kienstra GE, Terwee CB, Dekker FW, et al. Prediction of spinal epidural metastases. Arch Neurol. 2000; 57(5):690-695.
21. Ruckdeshel JC. Early detection and treatment of spinal cord compression. Oncology (Williston Park). 2005; 19(1):81-86. (Pubitemid 350056477)
22. Carmody RF, Yang PJ, Seeley GW, Seeger JF, Unger EC, Johnson JE. Spinal cord compression due to metastatic disease: diagnosis with MR imaging versus myelography. Radiology. 1989; 173(1):225-229.
23. Helweg-Larsen S, Wagner A, Kjaer L, et al. Comparison of myelography combined with postmyelographic spinal CT and MRI in suspected metastatic disease of the spinal canal. J Neurooncol. 1992; 13(3):231-237.
24. Chamberlain MC, Kormanik PA. Epidural spinal cord compression: a single institution's retrospective experience. Neuro Oncol. 1999; 1(2):120-123.
25. Husband DJ, Grant KA, Romaniuk CS. MRI in the diagnosis and treatment of suspected malignant spinal cord compression. Br J Radiol. 2001; 74(877):15-23. (Pubitemid 32156626)
26. Cook AM, Lau TN, Tomlinson MJ, Vaidya M, Wakeley CJ, Goddard P. Magnetic resonance imaging of the whole spine in suspected malignant spinal cord compression: impact on management. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 1998; 10(1):39-43. (Pubitemid 28112376)
27. Gosfield E III, Alavi A, Kneeland B. Comparison of radionuclide bone scans and magnetic resonance imaging in detecting spinal metastases. J Nucl Med. 1993; 34(12):2191-2200. (Pubitemid 24002966)
28. Portenoy R, Galer B, Salamon O, et al. Identification of epidural neoplasm: radiography and bone scintigraphy in the symptomatic and asymptomatic spine. Cancer. 1989; 64(11):2207-2213. (Pubitemid 19282832)
29. Francken AB, Hong AM, Fulham MJ, Millward MJ, McCarthy WH, Thompson JF. Detection of unsuspected spinal cord compression in melanoma patients by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2005; 31(2):197-204.
30. Witham TF, Khavkin YA, Gallia GL, Wolinsky JP, Gokaslan ZL. Surgery insight: current management of epidural spinal cord compression from metastatic spine disease. Nat Clin Pract Neurol. 2006; 2(2):87-94. (Pubitemid 43210249)
31. Rades D, Blach M, Bremer M, Wildfang I, Karstens JH, Heidenreich F. Prognostic significance of the time of developing motor deficits before radiation therapy in metastatic spinal cord compression: one year results of a prospective trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2000; 48(5):1403-1408. (Pubitemid 30838367)
32. Solberg A, Bremnes RM. Metastatic spinal cord compression: diagnostic delay, treatment, and outcome. Anticancer Res. 1999; 19(1B):677-684. (Pubitemid 29168315)
33. Rades D, Dunst J, Schild SE. The first score predicting overall survival in patients with metastatic spinal cord compression. Cancer. 2008; 112(1):157-161.
34. Klimo P, Thompson CJ, Kestle JR, Schmidt MH. A meta-analysis of surgery versus conventional radiotherapy for the treatment of metastatic spinal epidural disease. Neuro Oncol. 2005; 7(1):64-76.
35. Tomita K, Kawahara N, Kobayashi T, Yoshida A, Murakami H, Akamaru T. Surgical strategy for spinal metastases. Spine. 2001; 26(3):298-306.
36. Klimo P Jr, Kestle JR, Schmidt MH. Treatment of metastatic spinal epidural disease: a review of the literature. Neurosurg Focus. 2003; 15(5):E1.
37. Rades D, Schild SE. Spinal cord compression. Eur J Cancer. 2007; 5(suppl): 359-370.
38. Prasad D, Schiff D. Malignant spinal-cord compression. Lancet Oncol. 2005; 6(1):15-24.
39. Caraceni A, Zecca E, Bonezzi C, et al. Gabapentin for neuropathic cancer pain: a randomized controlled trial from the Gabapentin Cancer Pain Study Group. J Clin Oncol. 2004; 22(14):2909-2917. (Pubitemid 41079911)
40. Dworkin RH, O'Connor AB, Backonja M, et al. Pharmacologic management of neuropathic pain: elvidence-based recommendations. Pain. 2007; 132(3):237-251. (Pubitemid 350051570)
41. Saad F, Gleason DM, Murray R, et al. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of zoledronic acid in patients with hormone-refractory metastatic prostate carcinoma. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2002; 94(19):1458-1468.
42. Ross JR, Saunders Y, Edmonds PM, et al. A systematic review of the role of bisphosphonates in metastatic disease. Health Technol Assess. 2004; 8(4):1-176. (Pubitemid 38279461)
43. Gilbert RW, Kim JH, Posner JB. Epidural spinal cord compression from metastatic tumor: diagnosis and treatment. Ann Neurol. 1978; 3(1):40-51.
44. Rades D, Fehlauer F, Schulte R, et al. Prognostic factors for local control and survival after radiotherapy of metastatic spinal cord compression. J Clin Oncol. 2006; 24(21):3388-3393. (Pubitemid 46638894)
45. Maranzano E, Latini P. Effectiveness of radiation therapy without surgery in metastatic spinal cord compression: final results from a prospective trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1995; 32(4):959-967.
46. Ciezki JP, Komurcu S, Macklis RM. Palliative radiotherapy. Semin Oncol. 2000; 27(1):90-93.
47. Schmidt MH, Klimo P, Vrionis FD. Metastatic spinal cord compression. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2005; 3(5):711-719.
48. Rades D, Karstens JH, Hoskin PJ, et al. Escalation of radiation dose beyond 30 Gy in 10 fractions for metastatic spinal cord compression. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2007; 67(2):525-531. (Pubitemid 46108325)
49. Loblaw DA, Perry J, Chambers A, et al. Systematic review of the diagnosis and management of malignant extradural spinal cord compression. J Clin Oncol. 2005; 23(9):2028-2037.
50. Maranzano E, Bellavita R, Rossi R, et al. Short-course versus split course radiotherapy in metastatic spinal cord compression: results of a phase III, randomized, multicenter trial. J Clin Oncol. 2005; 23(15):3358-3365. (Pubitemid 46243480)
51. Maranzano E, Bellavita R, Floridi P, et al. Radiation-induced myelopathy in long-term surviving metastatic spinal cord compression patients after hypofractionated radiotherapy: a clinical and magnetic resonance imaging analysis. Radiother Oncol. 2001; 60(3):281-288. (Pubitemid 32763117)
52. Schiff D, Shaw EG, Cascino TL. Outcome after spinal reirradiation for malignant epidural spinal cord compression. Ann Neurol. 1995; 37(5):583-589.
53. van der Sande JJ, Boogerd W, Kröger R, Kappelle AC. Recurrent spinal epidural metastases: a prospective study with complete follow up. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1999; 66(5):623-627. (Pubitemid 29186969)
54. Rades D, Stalpers LJ, Veninga T, Hoskin PJ. Spinal reirradiation after short-course RT for metastatic spinal cord compression. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005; 63(3):872-875. (Pubitemid 41400078)
55. Bernier J, Hall EJ, Giaccia A. Radiation oncology: A century of achievements. Nat Rev Cancer. 2004; 4(9):737-747.
56. Gerszten PC, Ozhasoglu C, Burton SA, et al. Cyberknife frameless stereotactic radiosurgery for spinal lesions: clinical experience in 125 cases. Neurosurgery. 2004; 55(1):89-99. (Pubitemid 38859082)
57. Guckenberger M, Meyer J, Wilbert J, et al. Precision required for dose-escalated treatment of spinal metastases and implications for image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT). Radiother Oncol. 2007; 84(1):56-63. (Pubitemid 47030693)
58. Yamada Y, Bilsky MH, Lovelock DM, et al. High-dose, single-fraction image-guided intensity-modulated radiotherapy for metastatic spinal lesions. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2008; 71(2):484-490.
59. Rock JP, Ryu S, Yin F-F, Schreiber F, Abdulhak M. The evolving role of stereotactic radiosurgery and stereotactic radiation therapy for patients with spine tumors. J Neurooncol. 2004; 69(1-3):319-334. (Pubitemid 39256137)
60. Lovelock DM, Hua C, Wang P, et al. Accurate setup of paraspinal patients using a noninvasive patient immobilization cradle and portal imaging. Med Phys. 2005; 32(8):2606-2614. (Pubitemid 41197198)
61. Klimo P Jr, Schmidt MH. Surgical management of spinal metastases. The Oncologist. 2004; 9(2):188-196.
62. Degen JW, Gagnon GJ, Voyadzis J, et al. CyberKnife sterotactic radiosurgical treatment of spinal tumors for pain control and quality of life. J Neurosurg Spine. 2005; 2(5):540-549.
63. Rock JP, Ryu S, Shukairy MS, et al. Postoperative radiosurgery for malignant spinal tumors. Neurosurgery. 2006; 58(5):891-898. (Pubitemid 43772422)
64. Gerszten PC, Burton SA, Ozhasoglu C, Welch WC. Radiosurgery for spinal metastases: clinical experience in 500 cases from a single institution. Spine. 2007; 32(2):193-199. (Pubitemid 46105806)
65. Gagnon GJ, Henderson FC, Gehan EA, et al. CyberKnife radiosurgery for breast cancer spine metastases: a matched-pair analysis. Cancer. 2007; 110(8):1796-1802.
66. Ryu S, Jin J, Jin R, et al. Partial volume tolerance of the spinal cord and complications of single-dose radiosurgery. Cancer. 2007; 109(3):628-636. (Pubitemid 46190973)
67. Patchell RA, Tibbs PA, Regine WF, et al. Direct decompressive surgical resection in the treatment of spinal cord compression caused by metastatic cancer: a randomised trial. Lancet. 2005; 366(9486):643-648.
68. Knisely J, Strugar J. Can decompressive surgery improve outcome in patients with metastatic epidural spinal-cord compression? Nat Clin Pract Oncol. 2006; 3(1):14-15.
69. Findlay G. Adverse effects of the management of malignant spinal cord compression. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1984; 47(8):761-768. (Pubitemid 14059363)
70. Young R, Post E, King G. Treatment of spinal epidural metastases. Randomized prospective comparison of laminectomy and radiotherapy. J Neurosurg. 1980; 53(6):741-748. (Pubitemid 11194432)
71. Gokaslan ZL, York JE, Walsh GL, et al. Transthoracic vertebrectomy for metastatic spinal tumors. J Neurosurg. 1998; 89(4):599-609.
72. Fourney DR, Gokaslan ZL. Thoracolumbar spine: surgical treatment of metastatic disease. Curr Opin Orthopaed. 2003; 14(3):144-152. (Pubitemid 36667741)
73. Wang JC, Boland P, Mitra N, et al. Single-stage posterolateral transpedicular approach for resection of epidural metastatic spine tumors involving the vertebral body with circumferential reconstruction: results in 140 patients. Invited submission from the Joint Section Meeting on Disorders of the Spine and Peripheral Nerves, March 2004. J Neurosurg Spine. 2004; 1(3):287-298.
74. Akeyson EW, McCutcheon IE. Single-stage posterior vertebrectomy and replacement combined with posterior instrumentation for spinal metastasis. J Neurosurg. 1996; 85(2):211-220.
75. Sundaresan N, Sachdev VP, Holland JF, et al. Surgical treatment of spinal cord compression from epidural metastasis. J Clin Oncol. 1995; 13(9):2330-2335.
76. Harrington KD. Anterior decompression and stabilization of the spine as a treatment for vertebral collapse and spinal cord decompression from metastatic malignancy. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1988; (233):177-197. (Pubitemid 18211967)
77. Moore AJ, Uttley D. Anterior decompression and stabilization of the spine in malignant disease. Neurosurgery. 1989; 24(5):713-717. (Pubitemid 19115927)
78. Tomita K, Kawahara N, Baba H, Tsuchiya H, Nagata S, Toribatake Y. Total en bloc spondylectomy for solitary spinal metastases. Int Orthop. 1994; 18(5):291-298. (Pubitemid 24340730)
79. Chen YJ, Chang G, Chen H, et al. Surgical results of metastatic spinal cord compression secondary to non-small cell lung cancer. Spine. 2007; 32(15):E413-E418. (Pubitemid 47051860)
80. Gokaslan ZL. Spine surgery for cancer. Curr Opin Oncol. 1996;8(3):178-181.
81. Wong ET, Portlock CS, O'Brien JP, DeAngelis LM. Chemosensitive epidural spinal cord disease in non-Hodgkins lymphoma. Neurology. 1996; 46(6):1543-1547.
82. Mora J, Wollner N. Primary epidural non-Hodgkin lymphoma: spinal cord compression syndrome as the initial form of presentation in childhood non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Med Pediatr Oncol. 1999; 32(2):102-105. (Pubitemid 29053006)
83. Plantaz D, Rubie H, Michon J, et al. The treatment of neuroblastoma with intraspinal extension with chemotherapy followed by surgical removal of residual disease. A prospective study of 42 patients-results of the NBL 90 Study of the French Society of Pediatric Oncology. Cancer. 1996; 78(2):311-319.
84. Katagiri H, Takahashi M, Inagaki J, et al. Clinical results of nonsurgical treatment for spinal metastases. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1998; 42(5):1127-1132. (Pubitemid 29004158)
85. McDonald AC, Nicoll JA, Rampling RP. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma presenting with spinal cord compression; a clinicopathological review of 25 cases. Eur J Cancer. 2000; 36(2):207-213. (Pubitemid 30102197)
86. Papagelopoulos PJ, Savvidou OD, Galamis EC, et al. Advances and challenges in diagnosis and management of skeletal metastases. Orthopedics. 2006; 29(7):609-620. (Pubitemid 44122632)
87. Ruff RL, Adamson VW, Ruff SS, Wang X. Directed rehabilitation reduces pain and depression while increasing independence and satisfaction with life for patients with paraplegia due to epidural metastatic spinal cord compression. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2007; 44(1):1-10. (Pubitemid 46890053)
88. Ruff RL, Ruff SS, Wang X. Persistent benefits of rehabilitation on pain and life quality for nonambulatory patients with spinal epidural metastasis. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2007; 44(2):271-278. (Pubitemid 46890047)