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Corneal penetration into rabbit aqueous humor is comparable between preserved and preservative-free tafluprost
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This study evaluated the corneal penetration of preservative-free tafluprost 0.0015% eye drops and tafluprost 0.0015% eye drops preserved with 0.01% BAC into the aqueous humor of rabbits. After the administration of a single topical dose (30 ml), the maximum concentrations at 45 min of tafluprost acid in aqueous humor were 4.50 ng/ml for preservative-free tafluprost and 3.99 ng/ml for preserved tafluprost indicating that BAC does not affect corneal penetration in rabbit aqueous humor
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Pellinen P, Lokkila J. Corneal penetration into rabbit aqueous humor is comparable between preserved and preservative-free tafluprost. Ophthalmic Res 2009; 41:118-122. This study evaluated the corneal penetration of preservative-free tafluprost 0.0015% eye drops and tafluprost 0.0015% eye drops preserved with 0.01% BAC into the aqueous humor of rabbits. After the administration of a single topical dose (30 ml), the maximum concentrations at 45 min of tafluprost acid in aqueous humor were 4.50 ng/ml for preservative-free tafluprost and 3.99 ng/ml for preserved tafluprost indicating that BAC does not affect corneal penetration in rabbit aqueous humor.
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Pellinen, P.1
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Mietz H, Schlotzer-Schrehardt U, Lemke JH, Krieglstein GK. Early conjunctival changes following treatment with metipranolol and preservatives are not reversible with dexamethasone. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 1997; 235:452-459. (Pubitemid 27334253)
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A study that is currently in the process of publication found that the order of decreasing toxicity at the most commonly used concentrations: thimerosal (0.0025%) more than BAC (0.025%) more than chlorobutanol (0.25%) more than methyparaben (0.01%) more than sodium perborate (0.0025%) approximately EDTA (0.01%). The study was performed using a tissue culture model utilizing immortalized corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells and evaluating the potential toxicity of these common components and their comparative effects on the ocular surface. Even at low concentration, these agents were shown to cause some degree of ocular tissue damage
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Epstein SP, Ahdoot M, Marcus E, Asbell PA. Comparative toxicity of preservatives on immortalized corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2009; 25:113-119. A study that is currently in the process of publication found that the order of decreasing toxicity at the most commonly used concentrations: thimerosal (0.0025%) more than BAC (0.025%) more than chlorobutanol (0.25%) more than methyparaben (0.01%) more than sodium perborate (0.0025%) approximately EDTA (0.01%). The study was performed using a tissue culture model utilizing immortalized corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells and evaluating the potential toxicity of these common components and their comparative effects on the ocular surface. Even at low concentration, these agents were shown to cause some degree of ocular tissue damage.
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Epstein, S.P.1
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11
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Human lens epithelial cell damage and stimulation of their secretion of chemical mediators by benzalkonium chloride rather than latanoprost and timolol
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DOI 10.1001/archopht.121.6.835
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Goto Y, Ibaraki N, Miyake K. Human lens epithelial cell damage and stimulation of their secretion of chemical mediators by benzalkonium chloride rather than latanoprost and timolol. Arch Ophthalmol 2003; 121:835-839. (Pubitemid 36676221)
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Hamard P, Blondin C, Debbasch C, et al. In vitro effects of preserved and unpreserved antiglaucoma drugs on apoptotic marker expression by human trabecular cells. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2003; 241:1037-1043.
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Lee BH, Kim SH. Benzalkonium chloride induced bronchoconstriction in patients with stable bronchial asthma. Korean J Intern Med 2007; 22:244-248.
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Comparison of the Short-Term Effects on the Human Corneal Surface of Topical Timolol Maleate with and without Benzalkonium Chloride
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This study demonstrates via cytofluorometry study that contact lens multipurpose solutions containing preservatives are cytotoxic through caspase 3 induction, chromatin condensation and P2X7 cell-death receptor activation, in contrast with unpreserved sterile isotonic saline solutions that were found inert. Multipurpose solutions seem to be preservative but not disinfecting agents and are not adapted to the final rinse of contact lenses because of apoptosis induction, which could explain part of lens intolerance
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Dutot M, Paillet H, Chaumeil C, et al. Severe ocular infections with contact lens: role of multipurpose solutions. Eye 2009; 23:470-476. This study demonstrates via cytofluorometry study that contact lens multipurpose solutions containing preservatives are cytotoxic through caspase 3 induction, chromatin condensation and P2X7 cell-death receptor activation, in contrast with unpreserved sterile isotonic saline solutions that were found inert. Multipurpose solutions seem to be preservative but not disinfecting agents and are not adapted to the final rinse of contact lenses because of apoptosis induction, which could explain part of lens intolerance.
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(2009)
Eye
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Dutot, M.1
Paillet, H.2
Chaumeil, C.3
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