Room temperature continuous wave operation in a photonic crystal microcavity laser with a single layer of InAs/InP self-assembled quantum wires

Optics Express

Volumn 17, Issue 17, 2009, Pages 14993-15000

  Martínez, Luis Javier ^a   Alén, Benito ^a   Prieto, Ivan ^a   Fuster, David ^a   González, Luisa ^a   González, Yolanda ^a   Dotor, María Luisa ^a   Postigo, Pablo Aitor ^a  

^a INSTITUTO DE MICROELECTRÓNICA DE MADRID   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CONTINUOUS WAVE LASERS; MICROCAVITIES; NANOWIRES; OPTICAL PUMPING; PHOTONIC CRYSTALS; PUMPING (LASER);

ACTIVE MATERIAL; CONTINUOUS-WAVE LASER EMISSION; LASER EMISSION; PHOTONIC CRYSTAL MICRO-CAVITY LASERS; PHOTONIC CRYSTAL MICROCAVITIES; QUALITY FACTORS; ROOM TEMPERATURE CONTINUOUS WAVE OPERATION; SUSPENDED MEMBRANES;

SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM WIRES;

INDIUM; INDIUM ARSENIDE; INDIUM PHOSPHIDE; NANOMATERIAL; ORGANOARSENIC DERIVATIVE; PHOSPHINE DERIVATIVE; QUANTUM DOT;

ARTICLE; ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY; CHEMISTRY; CRYSTALLIZATION; EQUIPMENT DESIGN; LASER; METHODOLOGY; OPTICS; PHOTON; QUANTUM THEORY; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; SURFACE PROPERTY; TEMPERATURE;

ARSENICALS; CRYSTALLIZATION; EQUIPMENT DESIGN; INDIUM; LASERS; MICROSCOPY, ATOMIC FORCE; MICROSCOPY, ELECTRON, SCANNING; NANOSTRUCTURES; OPTICS AND PHOTONICS; PHOSPHINES; PHOTONS; QUANTUM DOTS; QUANTUM THEORY; SURFACE PROPERTIES; TEMPERATURE;

EID: 69049116241     PISSN: None     EISSN: 10944087     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1364/OE.17.014993     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. D. Englund, H. Altug, B. Ellis, and J. Vǔković, "Ultrafast photonic crystal lasers," Laser & Photon. Rev., 2, 264-274 (2008).
2. E. Yablonovitch, "Inhibited spontaneous emission in solid-state physics and electronics," Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 2059-2062 (1987).
3. S. John, "Strong localization of photons in certain disordered dielectric superlattices," Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 2486-2489 (1987).
4. C. Seassal, C. Monat, J. Mouette, E. Touraille, B. Ben Bakir, H. T. Hattori, J. L. Leclercq, X. Letartre, P. RojoRomeo, and P. Viktorovitch, "InP bonded membrane photonics components and circuits: toward 2.5 dimensional micro-nano-photonics," IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 11, 395-407 (2005).
5. Y. Akahane, T. Asano, B. S. Song, and S. Noda, "High-Q photonic nanocavity in a two-dimensional photonic crystal," Nature 425, 944-947 (2003).
6. D. Gerace, and L. C. Andreani, "Effects of disorder on propagation losses and cavity Q-factors in photonic crystal slabs," Photon. Nanostruct. Fundam. Appl. 3, 120-128 (2005).
7. S. Noda, "Seekeing the Ultimate Nanolaser," Science 314, 260-261 (2006).
8. B. Alén, J. Martínez-Pastor, A. Garcfa-Cristobal, L. González, and J. M. García, "Optical transitions and excitonic recombination in InAs/InP self-assembled quantum wires," Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 4025-4027 (2001).
9. A. Yariv, "Scaling laws and minimum threshold currents for quantum-confined semiconductor lasers," Appl. Phys. Lett. 53, 1033-1035 (1988).
10. M. Asada, Y. Mayimoto, and Y. Suematsu, "Theoretical Gain of Quamtun-Well Wire Lasers," Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Part 2 24, L95-L97, (1985).
11. Y. Arakawa and H. Sakaki, "Multidimensional quantum well laser and temperature dependence of its threshold current," Appl. Phys. Lett. 24 939-941 (1982).
12. Y. Arakawa, K. Vahala, A. Yariv, and K. Lau, "Reduction of the spectral linewidth of semiconductor lasers with, quantum wire effects-Spectral properties of GaAlAs double heterostructure lasers in high magnetic fields ," Appl. Phys. Lett. 48, 384-386 (1986).
13. C. Seassal, X. Letartre, J. Brault, M. Gendry, P. Pottier, P. Viktorovitch, O. Piquet, P. Blody, D. Cros, and O. Marty, "InAs quantum wires in InP-based microdisks: Mode identification and continuous wave room temperature laser operation," J. Appl. Phys. 88, 6170-6174 (2000).
14. D. Fuster, L. González, Y. González, María Ujué González, and J. Martínez-Pastor, " Size and emission wavelength control of InAs/InP quantum wires," J. Appl. Phys. 98, 033502 (2005).
15. R. Schwertberger, D. Gold, J. P. Reithmaier, and A. Forchel, "Long-Wavelength InP-Based Quantum-Dash Lasers," IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 14, 735-737 (2002).
16. K. A. Atlasov, K. F. Karlsson, E. Deichsel, A. Rudra, B. .Dwir, and E. Kapon,"Site-controlled single quantum wire integrated into a photonic-crystal membrane microcavity," Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 153107 (2007).
17. D. Fuster, B. Alén, L. González, Y. González, J. Martínez-Pastor, M. U. González, and J. M. García, "Isolated self-assembled InA.s/InP(001) quantum wires obtained by controlling the growth front evolution," Nanotechnology 18 035604 (2007).
18. S. Strauf, K. Hennessy, M. T. Rakher, Y.-S. Choi, A. Badolato, L. C. Andreani, E. L. Hu, P. M. Petroff, and D. Bouwmeester, "Self-Tuned Quantum Dot Gain in Photonic Crystal Lasers," Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 127404 (2006).
19. J. Hendrickson, B. C. Richards, J. Sweet, S. Mosor, C. Christenson, D. Lam, G. Khitrova, H. M. Gibbs, T.Yoshie, A. Scherer, O. B. Shchekin, and D. G. Deppe, "Quantum dot photonic-crystal-slab nanocavities: Quality factors and Using," Phys. Rev. B. 72, 193303 (2005).
20. T. Yoshie, O.B. Shchekin, H. Chen, D.G. Deppe, and A. Scherer, "Quantum dot photonic crystal lasers," Electron. Lett. 38, 967-968 (2002).
21. M. Nomura, S. Iwamoto, K. Watanabe, N. Kumagai, Y. Nakata, S. Ishida, and Y. Arakawa, "Room temperature continuous-wave Using in photonic crystal nanocavity," Opt. Express 14, 6308-6315 (2006).
22. M. Nomura, S. Iwamoto, N. Kumagai, and Y. Arakawa, "Temporal coherence of a photonic crystal nanocavity laser with high spontaneous emission coupling factor," Phys. Rev. B 75, 195313 (2007).
23. B. Ben Bakir, C. Seassal, X. Letartre, P. Regreny, M. Gendry, P. Viktorovitch, M. Zussy, L. Di Cioccio, and J.-M. Fedeli, "Room-temperature InAs/InP Quantum Dots laser operation based on heterogeneous "2.5 D" Photonic Crystal," Opt. Express 14, 9269-9276 (2006).
24. F. Bordas, Ch. Seassal, E. Dupuy, Ph. Regreny, M. Gendry, P. Viktorovitch, M. J. Steel, and A. Rahmani, "Room temperature low-threshold InAs/InP quantum dot single mode photonic crystal inicrolasers at 1.5 μm using cavity-confined slow light," Opt. Express 17, 5439-5445 (2009).
25. K. Nozaki, S. Kita, and T. Baba, "Room temperature continuous wave operation and controlled spontaneous emission in ultrasmall photonic crystal nanolaser," Opt. Express 15, 7506-7514 (2007).
26. Y.-S. Choi, K. Hennessy, R. Sharma, E. Haberer, Y. Gao, S. P. DenBaars, S. Nakamura, and E. L. Hu, C. Meier,"GaN blue photonic crystal membrane nanocavities," Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 243101 (2005).
27. Se-Heon Kim, Guk-Hyun Kim, Sun-Kyung Kim, Hong-Gyu Park, Yong-Hee Lee, and Sung-Bock Kim, "Characteristics of a stick waveguide resonator in a two-dimensional photonic crystal slab,"J. Appl. Phys. 95, 411 (2004).
28. L. C. Andreani and D. Gerace, "Photonic-crystal, slabs with a triangular lattice of triangular holes investigated using a guided-mode expansion method," Phys. Rev. B , 73, 235114 (2006).
29. Y.-S. Choi, M. T. Rakher, K. Hennessy, S. Strauf, A. Badolato, P. M. Petroff, D. Bouwmeester, and E. L. Hu,"Evolution of the onset of coherence in a family of photonic crystal nanolasers ," Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 031108 (2007).
30. Luinerical Solutions, Inc., Vancouver, BC, Canada (2004).
31. A. R. A. Chalcraft, S. Lam, D. O'Brien, T. F. Krauss, M. Sahin, D. Szymanski, D. Sanvitto, R. Oulton, M. S. Skolnick, A. M. Fox, D. M. Whittaker, H.-Y. Liu, and M. Hopkinson, "Mode structure of the L3 photonic crystal cavity," Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 241117 (2007).
32. L. J. Martinez, I. Prieto, B. Alen, and P. A. Postigo, "Fabrication of high quality factor photonic crystal microcavities in InAsP/InP membranes combining reactive ion beam etching and reactive ion etching," J. Vac. Tech. B 27, 1801-1804(2009).
33. K.A. Atlasov, K.F. Karlsson, P. Gallo, A. Rudra, B. Dwir, E. Kapon, "Observation of stimulated emission and Using in quantum-wire photonic-crystal nanocavities," in Proc. IEEE/LEOS Winter Topicals Meeting Series 2009, 4-5 (2009).
34. J. Canet-Ferrer et al, Manuscprit in preparation.
35. K. Nozaki, A. Nakagawa, D. Sano, and T. Baba, "Ultralow Threshold and Single-Mode Lasing in Microgear Lasers and Its Fusion With Quasi-Periodic Photonic Crystals," IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 9, 1355-1360 (2003).
36. E. D. Palik, Handbook of Optical Constants of Solids, (Academic Press, INC., Orlando, Florida, USA, 1985).
37. R. Hostein, R. Braive, M. Larque, K.-H. Lee, A. Talneau, L. Le Gratiet, I. Robert-Philip, I. Sagnes, and A. Beveratos, "Room temperature spontaneous emission enhancement from quantum dots in photonic crystal slab cavities in the telecommunications C band," Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 123101 (2009).
38. H. Y. Ryu, M. Noterai, E. Kuramoti, and T. Segawa, "Large spontaneous emission factor (>0.1) in the photonic crystal monopole-mode laser," Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 1067 (2004).
39. H. Altug, and J. Vučkovió, "Photonic crystal nanocavity array laser," Opt. Express 13, 8819-8828 (2005).
40. K. Tanabe, M. Nomura, D. Guimard, S. Iwamoto, and Y. Arakawa, "Room temperature continuous wave op-eration of InAs/GaAs quantum dot photonic crystal nanocavity laser on silicon substrate," Opt. Express 17, 7036-7042 (2009).