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For an example of using PEI to enhance reaction rate, see: Royer, G. P, Klotz, I. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1969, 91, 5885-5886. Also see ref 2b for related examples
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For an example of using PEI to enhance reaction rate, see: Royer, G. P.; Klotz, I. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1969, 91, 5885-5886. Also see ref 2b for related examples.
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24
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67849127946
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Proline and 4 used in a 1:2 molar ratio (based on amino groups) to prepare 5. Preliminary studies indicated that increasing the amount of 4 leads to faster aldol reaction. The catalyst loading discussed in this manuscript refers to proline, unless otherwise specified.
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Proline and 4 used in a 1:2 molar ratio (based on amino groups) to prepare 5. Preliminary studies indicated that increasing the amount of 4 leads to faster aldol reaction. The catalyst loading discussed in this manuscript refers to proline, unless otherwise specified.
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25
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A conclusive relation between pH and reaction selectivity cannot be drawn at this moment (for example, at similar pH, reaction in a mixture of water and 2, 2, 2-trifluoroethanol gave poor selectivity; see SI). For relevant discussions, see:Janda, K. D.; Dickerson, T. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 3220.
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A conclusive relation between pH and reaction selectivity cannot be drawn at this moment (for example, at similar pH, reaction in a mixture of water and 2, 2, 2-trifluoroethanol gave poor selectivity; see SI). For relevant discussions, see:Janda, K. D.; Dickerson, T. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 3220.
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0001463016
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Other parameters (such as solvent properties) can have profound effects on the reaction outcome too
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Reymond, J. L.; Chen, Y. J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 6970. Other parameters (such as solvent properties) can have profound effects on the reaction outcome too.
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0037059471
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The aldol product 3 may undergo further aldol reactions, especially at elongated reaction time (foran example, see:Cordova, A.; Notz, W.; Barbas, C. F., III J. Org. Chem. 2002, 67, 301.) suggesting that useful reaction may be developed by reacting with this aldol product.
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The aldol product 3 may undergo further aldol reactions, especially at elongated reaction time (foran example, see:Cordova, A.; Notz, W.; Barbas, C. F., III J. Org. Chem. 2002, 67, 301.) suggesting that useful reaction may be developed by reacting with this aldol product.
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67849111119
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Letts, J. B. U. S. Patent 4739122, 1988
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Letts, J. B. U. S. Patent 4739122, 1988.
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1H NMR analysis of the crude reaction mixture (see the SI). Isolated yields after column chromatography are in the range 50% to 80% for 11c and 11h.
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1H NMR analysis of the crude reaction mixture (see the SI). Isolated yields after column chromatography are in the range 50% to 80% for 11c and 11h.
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34
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For example, in a scalable preparation of 11c and 11h (Scheme 4), distillation yielded a mixture with two separate layers: an organic layer containing the desired product in high purity and a water layer. The white solid residue remaining after distillation contains the catalyst, which was directly reused without purification, showing only a slight loss in catalytic activity.
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For example, in a scalable preparation of 11c and 11h (Scheme 4), distillation yielded a mixture with two separate layers: an organic layer containing the desired product in high purity and a water layer. The white solid residue remaining after distillation contains the catalyst, which was directly reused without purification, showing only a slight loss in catalytic activity.
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