The role of topical retinoids in the treatment of pigmentary disorders: An evidence-based review

American Journal of Clinical Dermatology

Volumn 10, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 251-260

  Kang, Hee Young ^a   Valerio, Laure ^b   Bahadoran, Philippe ^c   Ortonne, Jean Paul ^c  

^a Ajou University School of Medicine   (South Korea)

^b University of Côte d'Azur   (France)

^c CENTRE HOSPITALIER UNIVERSITAIRE DE NICE   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADAPALENE; CORTICOSTEROID; DEXAMETHASONE; FLUOCINOLONE ACETONIDE; HYDROCORTISONE; HYDROQUINONE; ISOTRETINOIN; LACTIC ACID; MEQUINOL; MEQUINOL PLUS RETINOIC ACID; RETINOIC ACID; RETINOID; RETINOL; TAZAROTENE; TRILUMA; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ACTINIC LENTIGINE; BURNING SENSATION; CHLOASMA; CLINICAL TRIAL; CREAM; DESQUAMATION; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG FORMULATION; DRUG INDICATION; DRUG TOLERABILITY; DRY SKIN; ERYTHEMA; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; MONOTHERAPY; PIGMENT DISORDER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PRURITUS; REVIEW; SKIN ABRASION; SKIN ATROPHY; SKIN IRRITATION; TELANGIECTASIA; TOPICAL TREATMENT;

ADMINISTRATION, CUTANEOUS; ANTIOXIDANTS; DERMATOLOGIC AGENTS; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE; FLUOCINOLONE ACETONIDE; GLUCOCORTICOIDS; HUMANS; HYDROQUINONES; PIGMENTATION DISORDERS; PRACTICE GUIDELINES AS TOPIC; RETINOIDS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 67650614644     PISSN: 11750561     EISSN: 11791888     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2165/00128071-200910040-00005     Document Type: Review

References (38)

1. Elias PM. Epidermal effects of retinoids: supramolecular observations and clinical implications. J Am Acad Dermatol 1986 Oct; 15 (4 Pt 2): 797-809
2. YoshimuraK, TsukamotoK, Okazaki M, et al. Effects of all-trans retinoic acid on melanogenesis in pigmented skin equivalents and monolayer culture of melanocytes. J Dermatol Sci 2001 Aug; 27 Suppl. 1: S68-75
3. Romero C, Aberdam E, Larnier C, et al. Retinoic acid as modulator of UVB-induced melanocyte differentiation: involvement of the melanogenic enzymes expression. J Cell Sci 1994 Apr; 107 (Pt 4): 1095-103
4. Watabe H, Soma Y, Ito M, et al. All-trans retinoic acid induces differentiation and apoptosis of murine melanocyte precursors with induction of the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor. J Invest Dermatol 2002 Jan; 118 (1): 35-42
5. Sackett D, Strauss S, Richardson W, et al. Evidence-based medicine: how to practice and teach EBM. London: Churchill Livingstone, 2001: 169-82
6. Griffiths CE, Finkel LJ, Ditre CM, et al. Topical tretinoin (retinoic acid) improves melasma: a vehicle-controlled, clinical trial. Br J Dermatol 1993 Oct; 129 (4): 415-21
7. Kimbrough-Green CK, Griffiths CE, Finkel LJ, et al. Topical retinoic acid (tretinoin) for melasma in black patients: a vehicle-controlled clinical trial. Arch Dermatol 1994 Jun; 130 (6): 727-33
8. Leenutaphong V, Nettakul A, Rattanasuwon P. Topical isotretinoin for mel-asma in Thai patients: a vehicle-controlled clinical trial. J Med Assoc Thai 1999 Sep; 82 (9): 868-75
9. Dogra S, Kanwar AJ, Parsad D. Adapalene in the treatment of melasma: a preliminary report. J Dermatol 2002 Aug; 29 (8): 539-40
10. Taylor SC, Torok H, Jones T, et al. Efficacy and safety of a new triple-combination agent for the treatment of facial melasma. Cutis 2003 Jul; 72 (1): 67-72
11. Chan R, Park KC, Lee MH, et al. A randomized controlled trial of the efficacy and safety of a fixed triple combination (fluocinolone acetonide 0.01%, hydroquinone 4%, tretinoin 0.05%) compared with hydroquinone 4% cream in Asian patients with moderate to severe melasma. Br J Dermatol 2008 Sep; 159 (3): 697-703
12. Grimes P, Kelly AP, Torok H, et al. Community-based trial of a triple-combination agent for the treatment of facial melasma. Cutis 2006 Mar; 77 (3): 177-84
13. Torok HM, Jones T, Rich P, et al. Hydroquinone 4%, tretinoin 0.05%, fluo-cinolone acetonide 0.01%: a safe and efficacious 12-month treatment for melasma. Cutis 2005 Jan; 75 (1): 57-62
14. Kang WH, Chun SC, Lee S.Intermittent therapy for melasmain Asian patients with combined topical agents (retinoic acid, hydroquinone and hydro-cortisone): clinical and histological studies. J Dermatol 1998 Sep; 25 (9): 587-96
15. Kauh YC, Zachian TF. Melasma. Adv Exp Med Biol 1999; 455: 491-9
16. Grimes PE. A microsponge formulation of hydroquinone 4%and retinol 0.15% in the treatment of melasma and postinflammatory hyperpigmentation. Cutis 2004 Dec; 74 (6): 362-8
17. Grimes PE. An efficacy study of 3 commercially available hydroquinone 4% treatments for melasma. Cutis 2007 Dec; 80 (6): 497-502
18. Keeling J, Cardona L, Benitez A, et al. Mequinol 2%/tretinoin 0.01% topical solution for the treatment of melasma in men: a case series and review of the literature. Cutis 2008 Feb; 81 (2): 179-83
19. Rafal ES, Griffiths CE, Ditre CM, et al. Topical tretinoin (retinoic acid) treatment for liver spots associated with photodamage. N Engl J Med 1992 Feb 6; 326 (6): 368-74
20. Kang S, Goldfarb MT, Weiss JS, et al. Assessment of adapalene gel for the treatment of actinic keratoses and lentigines: a randomized trial. J Am Acad Dermatol 2003 Jul; 49 (1): 83-90
21. Ellis CN, Weiss JS, Hamilton TA,et al. Sustained improvement with prolonged topical tretinoin (retinoic acid) for photoaged skin.J Am Acad Dermatol 1990 Oct; 23 (4 Pt 1): 629-37
22. Kang S, Bergfeld W, Gottlieb AB, et al. Long-term efficacy and safety of tretinoin emollient cream 0.05% in the treatment of photodamaged facial skin: a two-year, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Clin Dermatol 2005; 6 (4): 245-53
23. Weiss JS, Shavin JS, Nighland M, et al. Tretinoin microsphere gel 0.1% for photodamaged facial skin: a placebo-controlled trial. Cutis 2006 Dec; 78 (6): 426-32
24. Weinstein GD, Nigra TP, Pochi PE, et al. Topical tretinoin for treatment of photodamaged skin: a multicenter study. Arch Dermatol 1991 May; 127 (5): 659-65
25. Phillips TJ, Gottlieb AB, Leyden JJ, etal. Efficacy of 0.1% tazarotene cream for the treatment of photodamage: a 12-month multicenter, randomized trial: Tazarotene Cream Photodamage Clinical Study Group. Arch Dermatol 2002 Nov; 138 (11): 1486-93
26. Lowe N, Gifford M, Tanghetti E, et al. Tazarotene 0.1% cream versus tretinoin 0.05% emollient cream in the treatment of photodamaged facial skin: a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group study. J Cosmet Laser Ther 2004 Jun; 6 (2): 79-85
27. Fleischer Jr AB, Schwartzel EH, Colby SI, et al. The combination of 2% 4-hydroxyanisole (mequinol) and 0.01% tretinoin is effective in improving the appearance of solar lentigines and related hyperpigmented lesions in two double-blind multicenter clinical studies. J Am Acad Dermatol 2000 Mar; 42 (3): 459-67
28. Jarratt M. Mequinol 2%/tretinoin 0.01% solution: an effective and safe alter- native to hydroquinone 3% in the treatment of solar lentigines. Cutis 2004 Nov; 74 (5): 319-22
29. Ortonne JP, Camacho F, Wainwright N, et al. Safety and efficacy of combined use of 4-hydroxyanisole (mequinol) 2%/tretinoin 0.01% solution and sunscreen in solar lentigines. Cutis 2004 Oct; 74 (4): 261-4
30. Draelos ZD. The combination of 2% 4-hydroxyanisole (mequinol) and 0.01% tretinoin effectively improves the appearance of solar lentigines in ethnic groups. J Cosmet Dermatol 2006 Sep; 5 (3): 239-44
31. Yoshimura K, Harii K, Aoyama T, et al. Experience with a strong bleaching treatment for skin hyperpigmentation in Orientals. Plast Reconstr Surg 2000 Mar; 105 (3): 1097-108
32. Bulengo-Ransby SM, Griffiths C, Kimbrough-Green CK, et al. Topical treti-noin (retinoic acid) therapy for hyperpigmented lesions caused by inflammation of the skin in black patients. N Engl J Med 1993 May; 328: 1438-43
33. Grimes PE, Callender V. Tazarotene cream for postinflammatory hy-perpigmentation and acne vulgaris in darker skin; a double-blind, randomized, vehicle-controlled study. Cutis 2006 Jan; 77: 45-50
34. Jacyk WK. Adapalene in the treatment of African patients. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2001; 15 Suppl. 3: 37-42
35. Kligman AM, Willis I. A new formula for depigmenting human skin. Arch Dermatol 1975 Jan; 111 (1): 40-8
36. Palumbo A, D'Ischia M, Misuraca G, et al. Mechanism of inhibition of mela-nogenesis by hydroquinone. Biochem Biophys Acta 1991 Jan; 1073 (1): 85-90
37. Yoshimura K, Momosawa A, Aiba E et al. Clinical trial of bleaching treatment with 10% all-trans retinol gel. Dermatol Surg 2003 Feb; 29 (2): 155-60
38. Nair X, Parab P, Suhr L, et al. Combination of 4-hydroyanisole and all-trans retinoic acid produces synergistic skin depigmentation in swine. J Invest Dermatol 1993 Aug; 101 (2): 145-9