메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 96, Issue 7, 2009, Pages 2658-2675

The fusion of membranes and vesicles: Pathway and energy barriers from dissipative particle dynamics

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BILAYER MEMBRANE; HYDROPHOBICITY; LIPID BILAYER; MEMBRANE FUSION; MEMBRANE VESICLE; MOLECULAR DYNAMICS; SIMULATION; CELL MEMBRANE; CHEMICAL STRUCTURE; CHEMISTRY; METABOLISM; PROBABILITY; THERMODYNAMICS; TIME;

EID: 67649360250     PISSN: 00063495     EISSN: 15420086     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2008.11.073     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (156)

References (60)
  • 1
    • 0041428123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Membrane fusion: A structural perspective on the interplay of lipids and proteins
    • Tamm, L. K., J. Crane, and V. Kiessling. 2003. Membrane fusion: a structural perspective on the interplay of lipids and proteins. Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. 13:453-466.
    • (2003) Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol , vol.13 , pp. 453-466
    • Tamm, L.K.1    Crane, J.2    Kiessling, V.3
  • 3
    • 33750439123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time scales of membrane fusion revealed by direct imaging of vesicle fusion with high temporal resolution
    • Haluska, C. K., K. A. Riske, V. Marchi-Artzner, J. M. Lehn, R. Lipowsky, and R. Dimova. 2006. Time scales of membrane fusion revealed by direct imaging of vesicle fusion with high temporal resolution. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 103:15841-15846.
    • (2006) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.103 , pp. 15841-15846
    • Haluska, C.K.1    Riske, K.A.2    Marchi-Artzner, V.3    Lehn, J.M.4    Lipowsky, R.5    Dimova, R.6
  • 4
    • 0035935803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fusion pathways of vesicles: A Brownian dynamics simulation
    • Noguchi, H., and M. Takasu. 2001. Fusion pathways of vesicles: a Brownian dynamics simulation. J. Chem. Phys. 115:9547-9551.
    • (2001) J. Chem. Phys , vol.115 , pp. 9547-9551
    • Noguchi, H.1    Takasu, M.2
  • 5
    • 0037040015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New mechanism of membrane fusion
    • Müller, M., K. Katsov, and M. Schick. 2002. New mechanism of membrane fusion. J. Chem. Phys. 116:2342-2345.
    • (2002) J. Chem. Phys , vol.116 , pp. 2342-2345
    • Müller, M.1    Katsov, K.2    Schick, M.3
  • 6
    • 0042193019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of vesicle fusion as revealed by molecular dynamics simulations
    • Marrink, S., and A. Mark. 2003. Mechanism of vesicle fusion as revealed by molecular dynamics simulations. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 125:11144-11145.
    • (2003) J. Am. Chem. Soc , vol.125 , pp. 11144-11145
    • Marrink, S.1    Mark, A.2
  • 7
    • 11044225076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insights into the molecular mechanism of membrane fusion from simulation: Evidence for the association of splayed tails
    • Stevens, M. J., J. H. Hoh, and T. B. Woolf. 2003. Insights into the molecular mechanism of membrane fusion from simulation: evidence for the association of splayed tails. Phys. Rev. Lett. 91:188102.
    • (2003) Phys. Rev. Lett , vol.91 , pp. 188102
    • Stevens, M.J.1    Hoh, J.H.2    Woolf, T.B.3
  • 9
    • 14744297207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tension-induced fusion of bilayer membranes and vesicles
    • Shillcock, J., and R. Lipowsky. 2005. Tension-induced fusion of bilayer membranes and vesicles. Nat. Mater. 4:225-228.
    • (2005) Nat. Mater , vol.4 , pp. 225-228
    • Shillcock, J.1    Lipowsky, R.2
  • 10
    • 18744374631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Li, D. W., and X. Y. Liu. 2005. Examination of membrane fusion by dissipative particle dynamics simulation and comparison with continuum elastic models. J. Chem. Phys. 122:1749091-1749098.
    • Li, D. W., and X. Y. Liu. 2005. Examination of membrane fusion by dissipative particle dynamics simulation and comparison with continuum elastic models. J. Chem. Phys. 122:1749091-1749098.
  • 11
    • 33244469068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase behavior of a phospholipid/fatty acid/water mixture studied in atomic detail
    • Knecht, V., A. E. Mark, and S. J. Marrink. 2006. Phase behavior of a phospholipid/fatty acid/water mixture studied in atomic detail. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 128:2030-2034.
    • (2006) J. Am. Chem. Soc , vol.128 , pp. 2030-2034
    • Knecht, V.1    Mark, A.E.2    Marrink, S.J.3
  • 12
    • 34250322707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular dynamics simulations of lipid vesicle fusion in atomic detail
    • Knecht, V., A. E. Mark, and S. J. Marrink. 2007. Molecular dynamics simulations of lipid vesicle fusion in atomic detail. Biophys. J. 92:4254-4261.
    • (2007) Biophys. J , vol.92 , pp. 4254-4261
    • Knecht, V.1    Mark, A.E.2    Marrink, S.J.3
  • 13
    • 33747064957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ensemble molecular dynamics yields submillisecond kinetics and intermediates of membrane fusion
    • Kasson, P. M., N. W. Kelley, N. Singhal, M. Vrljic, A. T. Brunger, et al. 2006. Ensemble molecular dynamics yields submillisecond kinetics and intermediates of membrane fusion. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 103:11916-11921.
    • (2006) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.103 , pp. 11916-11921
    • Kasson, P.M.1    Kelley, N.W.2    Singhal, N.3    Vrljic, M.4    Brunger, A.T.5
  • 15
    • 34547287578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathway of membrane fusion with two tension-dependent energy barriers
    • Grafmüller, A., J. Shillcock, and R. Lipowsky. 2007. Pathway of membrane fusion with two tension-dependent energy barriers. Phys. Rev. Lett. 98:218101.
    • (2007) Phys. Rev. Lett , vol.98 , pp. 218101
    • Grafmüller, A.1    Shillcock, J.2    Lipowsky, R.3
  • 16
    • 0000206982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Computer simulations of bilayer membranes: Self-assembly and interfacial tension
    • Goetz, R., and R. Lipowsky. 1998. Computer simulations of bilayer membranes: self-assembly and interfacial tension. J. Chem. Phys. 108:7397-7409.
    • (1998) J. Chem. Phys , vol.108 , pp. 7397-7409
    • Goetz, R.1    Lipowsky, R.2
  • 17
    • 0037044173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Equilibrium structure and lateral stress distribution of amphiphilic bilayers from dissipative particle dynamics simulations
    • Shillcock, J., and R. Lipowsky. 2002. Equilibrium structure and lateral stress distribution of amphiphilic bilayers from dissipative particle dynamics simulations. J. Chem. Phys. 117:5048-5061.
    • (2002) J. Chem. Phys , vol.117 , pp. 5048-5061
    • Shillcock, J.1    Lipowsky, R.2
  • 18
    • 0022559192 scopus 로고
    • Osmotic swelling of vesicles: Its role in the fusion of vesicles with planar phospholipid bilayer membranes and its possible role in exocytosis
    • Finkelstein, A., J. Zimmerberg, and F. S. Cohen. 1986. Osmotic swelling of vesicles: its role in the fusion of vesicles with planar phospholipid bilayer membranes and its possible role in exocytosis. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 48:163-174.
    • (1986) Annu. Rev. Physiol , vol.48 , pp. 163-174
    • Finkelstein, A.1    Zimmerberg, J.2    Cohen, F.S.3
  • 20
    • 5544242655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissipative particle dynamics: Bridging the gap between atomistic and mesoscopic simulation
    • Groot, R. D., and P. B. Warren. 1997. Dissipative particle dynamics: bridging the gap between atomistic and mesoscopic simulation. J. Chem. Phys. 107:4423-4435.
    • (1997) J. Chem. Phys , vol.107 , pp. 4423-4435
    • Groot, R.D.1    Warren, P.B.2
  • 21
    • 0037040812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integration schemes for dissipative particle dynamics simulations: From softly interacting systems towards hybrid models
    • Vattulainen, I., M. Karttunen, G. Besold, and J. M. Polson. 2002. Integration schemes for dissipative particle dynamics simulations: From softly interacting systems towards hybrid models. J. Chem. Phys. 116:3967-3979.
    • (2002) J. Chem. Phys , vol.116 , pp. 3967-3979
    • Vattulainen, I.1    Karttunen, M.2    Besold, G.3    Polson, J.M.4
  • 22
    • 0036536075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissipative particle dynamics study of spontaneous vesicle formation of amphiphilic molecules
    • Yamamoto, S., Y. Maruyama, and S.-A. Hyodo. 2002. Dissipative particle dynamics study of spontaneous vesicle formation of amphiphilic molecules. J. Chem. Phys. 116:5842-5849.
    • (2002) J. Chem. Phys , vol.116 , pp. 5842-5849
    • Yamamoto, S.1    Maruyama, Y.2    Hyodo, S.-A.3
  • 23
    • 0242302386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase behavior and induced interdigitation in bilayers studied with dissipative particle dynamics
    • Kranenburg, M., M. Venturoli, and B. Smit. 2003. Phase behavior and induced interdigitation in bilayers studied with dissipative particle dynamics. J. Phys. Chem. B. 107:11491-11501.
    • (2003) J. Phys. Chem. B , vol.107 , pp. 11491-11501
    • Kranenburg, M.1    Venturoli, M.2    Smit, B.3
  • 24
    • 18644364450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From molecular dynamics to hydrodynamics: A novel Galilean invariant thermostat
    • 1-114112/8
    • Stoyanov, S. D., and R. D. Groot. 2004. From molecular dynamics to hydrodynamics: a novel Galilean invariant thermostat. J. Chem. Phys. 122:114112/1-114112/8.
    • (2004) J. Chem. Phys , vol.122 , pp. 114112
    • Stoyanov, S.D.1    Groot, R.D.2
  • 25
    • 0036836445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A reappraisal of what we have learnt during three decades of computer simulations on water
    • Guillot, B. 2002. A reappraisal of what we have learnt during three decades of computer simulations on water. J. Mol. Liq. 101:219-260.
    • (2002) J. Mol. Liq , vol.101 , pp. 219-260
    • Guillot, B.1
  • 26
    • 0015245041 scopus 로고
    • Inside-outside transitions of phospholipids in vesicle membranes
    • Kornberg, R. D., and H. M. McConnell. 1971. Inside-outside transitions of phospholipids in vesicle membranes. Biochemistry. 10:1111-1120.
    • (1971) Biochemistry , vol.10 , pp. 1111-1120
    • Kornberg, R.D.1    McConnell, H.M.2
  • 27
    • 0025060910 scopus 로고
    • Exchange and flip-flop of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine in liquid-crystalline, gel, and twocomponent, two-phase large unilamellar vesicles
    • Wimley, W. C., and T. E. Thompson. 1990. Exchange and flip-flop of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine in liquid-crystalline, gel, and twocomponent, two-phase large unilamellar vesicles. Biochemistry. 29:1296-1303.
    • (1990) Biochemistry , vol.29 , pp. 1296-1303
    • Wimley, W.C.1    Thompson, T.E.2
  • 28
    • 43949092448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tension-induced vesicle fusion: Pathways and pore dynamics
    • Gao, L., R. Lipowsky, and J. Shillcock. 2008. Tension-induced vesicle fusion: pathways and pore dynamics. Soft Matter. 4:1208-1214.
    • (2008) Soft Matter , vol.4 , pp. 1208-1214
    • Gao, L.1    Lipowsky, R.2    Shillcock, J.3
  • 29
    • 0000647692 scopus 로고
    • Statistical mechanics of inhomogeneous fluids
    • Schofield, P., and J. R. Henderson. 1982. Statistical mechanics of inhomogeneous fluids. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A. 379:231-246.
    • (1982) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A , vol.379 , pp. 231-246
    • Schofield, P.1    Henderson, J.R.2
  • 31
    • 0036840281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lateral diffusion of cholesterol and dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine in lipid bilayer measured by pulsed field gradient NMR spectroscopy
    • Orädd, G., G. Lindblom, and P. W. Westermann. 2002. Lateral diffusion of cholesterol and dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine in lipid bilayer measured by pulsed field gradient NMR spectroscopy. Biophys. J. 83:2702-2704.
    • (2002) Biophys. J , vol.83 , pp. 2702-2704
    • Orädd, G.1    Lindblom, G.2    Westermann, P.W.3
  • 33
    • 11944258697 scopus 로고
    • Entropy driven tension and bending elasticity in condensed-fluid membranes
    • Evans, E., and W. Rawicz. 1990. Entropy driven tension and bending elasticity in condensed-fluid membranes. Phys. Rev. Lett. 64:2094-2097.
    • (1990) Phys. Rev. Lett , vol.64 , pp. 2094-2097
    • Evans, E.1    Rawicz, W.2
  • 34
    • 0033553661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymersomes: Tough vesicles made from diblock copolymers
    • Discher, B. M., Y.-Y. Won, D. S. Ege, J. C.-M. Lee, F. S. Bates, et al. 1999. Polymersomes: tough vesicles made from diblock copolymers. Science. 284:1143-1146.
    • (1999) Science , vol.284 , pp. 1143-1146
    • Discher, B.M.1    Won, Y.-Y.2    Ege, D.S.3    Lee, J.C.-M.4    Bates, F.S.5
  • 35
    • 5044247543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulations of stable pores in membranes: System size dependence and line tension
    • Tolpekina, T. V., W. K. den Otter, and W. J. Briels. 2004. Simulations of stable pores in membranes: System size dependence and line tension. J. Chem. Phys. 121:8014-8020.
    • (2004) J. Chem. Phys , vol.121 , pp. 8014-8020
    • Tolpekina, T.V.1    den Otter, W.K.2    Briels, W.J.3
  • 36
    • 22544433150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of chain length and asymmetry on material properties of bilayer membranes
    • Illya, G., R. Lipowsky, and J. Shillcock. 2005. Effect of chain length and asymmetry on material properties of bilayer membranes. J. Chem. Phys. 122:244901.
    • (2005) J. Chem. Phys , vol.122 , pp. 244901
    • Illya, G.1    Lipowsky, R.2    Shillcock, J.3
  • 37
    • 0033932837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of chain length and unsaturation on elasticity of lipid bilayers
    • Rawicz, W., K. C. Olbrich, T. McIntosh, D. Needham, and E. Evans. 2000. Effect of chain length and unsaturation on elasticity of lipid bilayers. Biophys. J. 79:328-339.
    • (2000) Biophys. J , vol.79 , pp. 328-339
    • Rawicz, W.1    Olbrich, K.C.2    McIntosh, T.3    Needham, D.4    Evans, E.5
  • 38
    • 0001098317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lateral pressures in cell membranes: A mechanism for modulation of protein function
    • Cantor, R. S. 1997. Lateral pressures in cell membranes: a mechanism for modulation of protein function. J. Phys. Chem. B. 101:1723-1725.
    • (1997) J. Phys. Chem. B , vol.101 , pp. 1723-1725
    • Cantor, R.S.1
  • 39
    • 0000303810 scopus 로고
    • Interaction of particles suspended in solutions of macromolecules
    • Asakura, S., and F. Oosawa. 1958. Interaction of particles suspended in solutions of macromolecules. J. Polym. Sci. [B]. 33:183-192.
    • (1958) J. Polym. Sci. [B] , vol.33 , pp. 183-192
    • Asakura, S.1    Oosawa, F.2
  • 41
    • 0025131257 scopus 로고
    • Surface-induced x-ray reflection visualization of membrane orientation and fusion into multibilayers
    • Cevc, G., W. Fenzl, and L. Sigl. 1990. Surface-induced x-ray reflection visualization of membrane orientation and fusion into multibilayers. Science. 249:1161-1163.
    • (1990) Science , vol.249 , pp. 1161-1163
    • Cevc, G.1    Fenzl, W.2    Sigl, L.3
  • 42
    • 0021972793 scopus 로고
    • Direct measurements of forces between phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine bilayers in aqueous-electrolyte solutions
    • Marra, J., and J. Israelachvili. 1985. Direct measurements of forces between phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine bilayers in aqueous-electrolyte solutions. Biochemistry. 24:4608-4618.
    • (1985) Biochemistry , vol.24 , pp. 4608-4618
    • Marra, J.1    Israelachvili, J.2
  • 43
    • 33845281853 scopus 로고
    • Physical properties of surfactant bilayer membranes: Thermal transitions, elasticity, rigidity, cohesion, and colloidal interactions
    • Evans, E., and D. Needham. 1987. Physical properties of surfactant bilayer membranes: thermal transitions, elasticity, rigidity, cohesion, and colloidal interactions. J. Phys. Chem. 91:4219-4228.
    • (1987) J. Phys. Chem , vol.91 , pp. 4219-4228
    • Evans, E.1    Needham, D.2
  • 44
    • 77957057032 scopus 로고
    • Tension-induced mutual adhesion and a conjectured superstructure of lipid membranes
    • R. Lipowsky and E. Sackmann, editors. Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    • Helfrich, W. 1995. Tension-induced mutual adhesion and a conjectured superstructure of lipid membranes. In Handbook of Biological Physics. R. Lipowsky and E. Sackmann, editors. Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
    • (1995) Handbook of Biological Physics
    • Helfrich, W.1
  • 45
    • 0000381573 scopus 로고
    • Generic interactions of flexible membranes
    • R. Lipowsky and E. Sackmann, editors. Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    • Lipowsky, R. 1995. Generic interactions of flexible membranes. In Handbook of Biological Physics. R. Lipowsky and E. Sackmann, editors. Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
    • (1995) Handbook of Biological Physics
    • Lipowsky, R.1
  • 46
    • 5644258907 scopus 로고
    • Melting at grain boundaries and surfaces
    • Lipowsky, R. 1986. Melting at grain boundaries and surfaces. Phys. Rev. Lett. 57:2876.
    • (1986) Phys. Rev. Lett , vol.57 , pp. 2876
    • Lipowsky, R.1
  • 47
    • 0001428524 scopus 로고
    • Unbinding transitions of interacting membranes
    • Lipowsky, R., and S. Leibler. 1986. Unbinding transitions of interacting membranes. Phys. Rev. Lett. 56:2541-2544.
    • (1986) Phys. Rev. Lett , vol.56 , pp. 2541-2544
    • Lipowsky, R.1    Leibler, S.2
  • 48
    • 22444451551 scopus 로고
    • Adhesion of vesicles
    • Seifert, U., and R. Lipowsky. 1990. Adhesion of vesicles. Phys. Rev. A. 42:4768-4771.
    • (1990) Phys. Rev. A , vol.42 , pp. 4768-4771
    • Seifert, U.1    Lipowsky, R.2
  • 49
    • 0034442294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of initiation of membrane fusion: Role of lipids
    • Kinnunen, P. K. J., and J. M. Holopainen. 2000. Mechanisms of initiation of membrane fusion: role of lipids. Biosci. Rep. 20:465-482.
    • (2000) Biosci. Rep , vol.20 , pp. 465-482
    • Kinnunen, P.K.J.1    Holopainen, J.M.2
  • 50
    • 0036180245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vacuole fusion at a ring of vertex docking sites leaves membrane fragments within the organelle
    • Wang, L., E. S. Seeley, W. Wickner, and A. J. Merz. 2002. Vacuole fusion at a ring of vertex docking sites leaves membrane fragments within the organelle. Cell. 108:357-369.
    • (2002) Cell , vol.108 , pp. 357-369
    • Wang, L.1    Seeley, E.S.2    Wickner, W.3    Merz, A.J.4
  • 52
    • 0030586161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-bilayer lipids and biological fusion intermediates
    • Chernomordik, L. 1996. Non-bilayer lipids and biological fusion intermediates. Chem. Phys. Lipids. 81:203-213.
    • (1996) Chem. Phys. Lipids , vol.81 , pp. 203-213
    • Chernomordik, L.1
  • 53
    • 0037192154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinetics of lipid rearrangements during poly(ethylene glycol)-mediated fusion of highly curved unilamellar vesicles
    • Evans, K. O., and B. R. Lentz. 2002. Kinetics of lipid rearrangements during poly(ethylene glycol)-mediated fusion of highly curved unilamellar vesicles. Biochemistry. 41:1241-1249.
    • (2002) Biochemistry , vol.41 , pp. 1241-1249
    • Evans, K.O.1    Lentz, B.R.2
  • 54
    • 0031056337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transbilayer lipid redistribution accompanies poly(ethylene glycol) treatment of model membranes but is not induced by fusion
    • Lentz, B. R., W. Talbot, J. K. Lee, and L. X. Zheng. 1997. Transbilayer lipid redistribution accompanies poly(ethylene glycol) treatment of model membranes but is not induced by fusion. Biochemistry. 36:2076-2083.
    • (1997) Biochemistry , vol.36 , pp. 2076-2083
    • Lentz, B.R.1    Talbot, W.2    Lee, J.K.3    Zheng, L.X.4
  • 55
    • 4243754128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonequilibrium equality for free energy differences
    • Jarzynski, C. 1997. Nonequilibrium equality for free energy differences. Phys. Rev. Lett. 78:2690-2693.
    • (1997) Phys. Rev. Lett , vol.78 , pp. 2690-2693
    • Jarzynski, C.1
  • 56
    • 30744448428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Computer simulation of the distribution of hexane in a lipid bilayer: Spatially resolved free energy, entropy, and enthalpy profiles
    • MacCallum, J. L., and D. P. Tieleman. 2006. Computer simulation of the distribution of hexane in a lipid bilayer: spatially resolved free energy, entropy, and enthalpy profiles. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 128:125-130.
    • (2006) J. Am. Chem. Soc , vol.128 , pp. 125-130
    • MacCallum, J.L.1    Tieleman, D.P.2
  • 57
    • 0019496872 scopus 로고
    • Location of hexane in lipid bilayers determined by neutron-diffraction
    • White, S. H., G. I. King, and J. E. Cain. 1981. Location of hexane in lipid bilayers determined by neutron-diffraction. Nature. 290:161-163.
    • (1981) Nature , vol.290 , pp. 161-163
    • White, S.H.1    King, G.I.2    Cain, J.E.3
  • 58
    • 0000589227 scopus 로고
    • Partitioning of nonpolar solutes into bilayers and amorphous n-alkanes
    • Deyoung, L. R., and K. A. Dill. 1990. Partitioning of nonpolar solutes into bilayers and amorphous n-alkanes. J. Phys. Chem. 94:801-809.
    • (1990) J. Phys. Chem , vol.94 , pp. 801-809
    • Deyoung, L.R.1    Dill, K.A.2
  • 59
    • 34247264433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PEG as a tool to gain insight into membrane fusion
    • Lentz, B. R. 2007. PEG as a tool to gain insight into membrane fusion. Eur. Biophys. J. Biophys. Lett. 36:315-326.
    • (2007) Eur. Biophys. J. Biophys. Lett , vol.36 , pp. 315-326
    • Lentz, B.R.1
  • 60
    • 0036948265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure and function of membrane fusion peptides
    • Tamm, L. K., X. Han, Y. Li, and A. L. Lai. 2002. Structure and function of membrane fusion peptides. Biopolymers. 66:249-260.
    • (2002) Biopolymers , vol.66 , pp. 249-260
    • Tamm, L.K.1    Han, X.2    Li, Y.3    Lai, A.L.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.