Characteristics of organic and elemental carbon in PM2.5 samples in Shanghai, China

Atmospheric Research

Volumn 92, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 434-442

  Feng, Yanli ^a   Chen, Yingjun ^b,c   Guo, Hui ^d   Zhi, Guorui ^c   Xiong, Shengchun ^a   Li, Jun ^c   Sheng, Guoying ^a,c   Fu, Jiamo ^a,c  

^a SHANGHAI UNIVERSITY   (China)

^b YANTAI INSTITUTE OF COASTAL ZONE RESEARCH   (China)

^c GUANGZHOU INSTITUTE OF GEOCHEMISTRY   (China)

^d PetroChina Great Wall Drilling Company   (China)

Author keywords

Elemental carbon; Fine particle (PM2.5); Organic carbon; Seasonal variation; Shanghai

Indexed keywords

ANNUAL AVERAGES; CARBONACEOUS AEROSOLS; CARBONACEOUS FRACTIONS; ELEMENTAL CARBON; FINE PARTICLE (PM2.5); GUANGZHOU; HONG-KONG; OC/EC RATIOS; ORGANIC AND ELEMENTAL CARBONS; SEASONAL CHARACTERISTICS; SEASONAL VARIATION; SECONDARY ORGANIC CARBONS; SHANGHAI; SHANGHAI , CHINAS; STRONG CORRELATIONS; SUBURBAN SITES; THERMAL-OPTICAL TRANSMITTANCES;

AIR QUALITY; BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS; BLOOD VESSEL PROSTHESES; ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY MEASUREMENT; FIRE HAZARDS; PARTICLES (PARTICULATE MATTER); PERMANENT MAGNETS; PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLERS;

ORGANIC CARBON;

AEROSOL; AIR QUALITY; BLACK CARBON; CONCENTRATION (COMPOSITION); OBSERVATIONAL METHOD; ORGANIC CARBON; PARTICLE SIZE; SEASONAL VARIATION; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; URBAN AREA;

ASIA; CHINA; EURASIA; FAR EAST; SHANGHAI;

EID: 67349110798     PISSN: 01698095     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2009.01.003     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Birch M.E. Analysis of carbonaceous aerosols: interlaboratory comparison. The Analyst 123 (1998) 851-857
2. Birch M.E., and Cary R.A. Elemental carbon-based method for monitoring occupational exposures to particulate diesel exhaust: methodology and exposure issues. The Analyst 121 (1996) 1183-1190
3. Bond T.C., Streets D.G., Yarber K.F., Nelson S.M., Woo J.H., and Klimont Z. A technology-based global inventory of black and organic carbon emissions from combustion. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres 109 (2004) 10.1029/2003JD003697
4. Cao J.J., Lee S.C., Ho K.F., Zhang X.Y., Zou S.C., Fung K., Chow J.C., and Watson J.G. Characteristics of carbonaceous aerosol in Pearl River Delta Region, China during 2001 winter period. Atmospheric Environment 37 (2003) 1451-1460
5. Cao J.J., Lee S.C., Ho K.F., Zou S.C., Fung K., Li Y., Watson J.G., and Chow J.C. Spatial and seasonal variations of atmospheric organic carbon and elemental carbon in Pearl River Delta Region, China. Atmospheric Environment 38 (2004) 4447-4456
6. Cao J.J., Wu F., Chow J.C., Lee S.C., Li Y., Chen S.W., An Z.S., Fung K.K., Watson J.G., Zhu C.S., and Liu S.X. Characterization and source apportionment of atmospheric organic and elemental carbon during fall and winter of 2003 in Xi'an, China. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 5 (2005) 3127-3137
7. Cao G., Zhang X., and Zheng F. Inventory of black carbon and organic carbon emissions from China. Atmospheric Environment 40 (2006) 6516-6527
8. Castro L.M., Pio C.A., Harrison R.M., and Smith D.J.T. Carbonaceous aerosol in urban and rural European atmospheres: estimation of secondary organic carbon concentrations. Atmospheric Environment 33 (1999) 2771-2781
9. Chameides W.L., Yu H., Liu S.C., Bergin M., Zhou X., Mearns L., Wang G., Kiang C.S., Saylor R.D., and Luo C. Case study of the effects of atmospheric aerosols and regional haze on agriculture: an opportunity to enhance crop yields in China through emission controls?. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 96 (1999) 13626-13633
10. Chen G. Orientation of the types of Shanghai air pollution. Shanghai Environmental Sciences 22 4 (2003) (in Chinese, with English abstract)
11. Chen Y., Zhi G., Feng Y., Fu J., Feng J., Sheng G., and Simoneit B.R.T. Measurements of emission factors for primary carbonaceous particles from residential raw-coal combustion in China. Geophysical Research Letters 33 (2006) 10.1029/2006GL026966
12. Chow J.C., Watson J.G., Lu Z., Lowenthal D.H., Frazier C.A., Solomon P.A., Thuillier R.H., and Magliano K. Descriptive analysis of PM2.5 and PM10 at regionally representative locations during SJVAQS/AUSPEX. Atmospheric Environment 30 (1996) 2079-2112
13. Chow J.C., Watson J.G., Crow D., Lowenthal D.H., and Merrifield T. Comparison of IMPROVE and NIOSH carbon measurements. Aerosol Science and Technology 34 (2001) 23-34
14. Chow J.C., Watson J.G., Louie P.K.K., Chen L.W.A., and Sin D. Comparison of PM2.5 carbon measurement methods in Hong Kong, China. Environmental Pollution 137 (2005) 334-344
15. Dan M., Zhuang G., Li X., Tao H., and Zhuang Y. The characteristics of carbonaceous species and their sources in PM2.5 in Beijing. Atmospheric Environment 38 (2004) 3443-3452
16. Duan F.K., He K.B., Ma Y.L., Yang F.M., Yu X.C., Cadle S.H., Chan T., and Mulawa P.A. Concentration and chemical characteristics of PM2.5 in Beijing, China: 2001-2002. Science of the Total Environment 355 (2006) 264-275
17. Duan J.C., Tan J.H., Cheng D.X., Bi X.H., Deng W.J., Sheng G.Y., Fu J.M., and Wong M.H. Sources and characteristics of carbonaceous aerosol in two largest cities in Pearl River Delta Region, China. Atmospheric Environment 41 (2007) 2895-2903
18. Fan X., Brook J.R., and Mabury S.A. Sampling atmospheric carbonaceous aerosols using an integrated organic gas and particle sampler. Environmental Science and Technology 37 (2003) 3145-3151
19. Fan X., Brook J.R., and Mabury S.A. Measurement of organic and elemental carbon associated with PM2.5 during Pacific 2001 study using an integrated organic gas and particle sampler. Atmospheric Environment 38 (2004) 5801-5810
20. Fang G.-C., Wu Y.-S., Chou T.-Y., and Lee C.-Z. Organic carbon and elemental carbon in Asia: a review from 1996 to 2006. Journal of Hazardous Materials 150 (2008) 231-237
21. Feng J., Chan C.K., Fang M., Hu M., He L., and Tang X. Characteristics of organic matter in PM2.5 in Shanghai. Chemosphere 64 (2006) 1393-1400
22. Guo Z.G., Feng J.L., Fang M., Chen H.Y., and Lau K.H. The elemental and organic characteristics of PM2.5 in Asian dust episodes in Qingdao, China, 2002. Atmospheric Environment 38 (2004) 909-919
23. Hamilton R.S., and Mansfield T.A. Airborne particulate elemental carbon: Its sources, transport and contribution to dark smoke and soiling. Atmospheric Environment 25 (1991) 715-723
24. Hansen J., Sato M., Ruedy R., Nazarenko L., Lacis A., Schmidt G.A., Russell G., Aleinov I., Bauer M., and Bauer S. Efficacy of climate forcings. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres 110 (2005) D18104
25. He K.B., Yang F.M., Ma Y.L., Zhang Q., Yao X.H., Chan C.K., Cadle S., Chan T., and Mulawa P. The characteristics of PM2.5 in Beijing, China. Atmospheric Environment 35 (2001) 4959-4970
26. He Z., Kim Y.J., Ogunjobi K.O., Kim J.E., and Ryu S.Y. Carbonaceous aerosol characteristics of PM2.5 particles in Northeastern Asia in summer 2002. Atmospheric Environment 38 (2004) 1795-1800
27. He L.-Y., Hu M., Huang X.-F., Yu B.-D., Zhang Y.-H., and Liu D.-Q. Measurement of emissions of fine particulate organic matter from Chinese cooking. Atmospheric Environment 38 (2004) 6557-6564
28. Ho K.F., Lee S.C., Yu J.C., Zou S.C., and Fung K. Carbonaceous characteristics of atmospheric particulate matter in Hong Kong. The Science of The Total Environment 300 (2002) 59-67
29. Ho K.F., Lee S.C., Chan C.K., Yu J.C., Chow J.C., and Yao X.H. Characterization of chemical species in PM2.5 and PM10 aerosols in Hong Kong. Atmospheric Environment 37 (2003) 31-39
30. Ho K.F., Lee S.C., Cao J.J., Li Y.S., Chow J.C., Watson J.G., and Fung K. Variability of organic and elemental carbon, water soluble organic carbon, and isotopes in Hong Kong. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 6 (2006) 4569-4576
31. Jacobson M.Z. Control of fossil-fuel particulate black carbon and organic matter, possibly the most effective method of slowing global warming. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres 107 (2002) 4410
32. Lewtas J., Pang Y., Booth D., Reimer S., Eatough D.J., and Gundel L.A. Comparison of sampling methods for semi-volatile organic carbon associated with PM2.5. Aerosol Science and Technology 34 (2001) 9-22
33. Li H., Feng J., Sheng G., Lü S., Fu J., Peng P., and Ren M. The PCDD/F and PBDD/F pollution in the ambient atmosphere of Shanghai, China. Chemosphere 70 (2008) 576-583
34. Lonati G., Ozgen S., and Giugliano M. Primary and secondary carbonaceous species in PM2. 5 samples in Milan (Italy). Atmospheric Environment 41 (2007) 4599-4610
35. Menon S., Hansen J., Nazarenko L., and Luo Y.F. Climate effects of black carbon aerosols in China and India. Science 297 (2002) 2250-2253
36. Na K., Sawant A.A., Song C., and Cocker D.R. Primary and secondary carbonaceous species in the atmosphere of Western Riverside County, California. Atmospheric Environment 38 (2004) 1345-1355
37. Pandis S.N., Harley R.A., Cass G.R., and Seinfeld J.H. Secondary organic aerosol formation and transport. Atmospheric Environment (Part A) 26 (1992) 2269-2282
38. Qiu J., and Yang L. Variation characteristics of atmospheric aerosol optical depths and visibility in North China during 1980-1994. Atmospheric Environment 34 (2000) 603-609
39. Salma I., Chi X., and Maenhaut W. Elemental and organic carbon in urban canyon and background environments in Budapest, Hungary. Atmospheric Environment 38 (2004) 27-36
40. Schauer J.J., Kleeman M.J., Cass G.R., and Simoneit B.R.T. Measurement of emissions from air pollution sources. 2. C1 through C30 organic compounds from medium duty diesel trucks. Environmental Science and Technology 33 (1999) 1578-1587
41. Schauer J.J., Kleeman M.J., Cass G.R., and Simoneit B.R.T. Measurement of emissions from air pollution sources. 3. C1-C29 organic compounds from fireplace combustion of wood. Environmental Science and Technology 35 (2001) 1716-1728
42. Schauer J.J., Kleeman M.J., Cass G.R., and Simoneit B.R.T. Measurement of emissions from air pollution sources. 5. C1-C32 organic compounds from gasoline-powered motor vehicles. Environmental Science and Technology 36 (2002) 1169-1180
43. Seinfeld J.H., and Pandis S.N. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics: from Air Pollution to Climate Change (1998), Wiley, New York
44. Turpin B.J., and Huntzicker J.J. Identification of secondary organic aerosol episodes and quantitation of primary and secondary organic aerosol concentrations during SCAQS. Atmospheric Environment 29 (1995) 3527-3544
45. 2.5 mass concentrations: revisiting common assumptions for estimating organic mass. Aerosol Science and Technology 35 (2001) 602-610
46. Viana M., Maenhaut W., ten Brink H.M., Chi X., Weijers E., Querol X., Alastuey A., Mikuska P., and Vecera Z. Comparative analysis of organic and elemental carbon concentrations in carbonaceous aerosols in three European cities. Atmospheric Environment 41 (2007) 5972-5983
47. Viidanoja J., Sillanpaa M., Laakia J., Kerminen V.-M., Hillamo R., Aarnio P., and Koskentalo T. Organic and black carbon in PM2.5 and PM10: 1 year of data from an urban site in Helsinki, Finland. Atmospheric Environment 36 (2002) 3183-3193
48. Watson J.G., Chow J.C., and Houck J.E. PM2.5 chemical source profiles for vehicle exhaust, vegetative burning, geological material, and coal burning in Northwestern Colorado during 1995. Chemosphere 43 (2001) 1141-1151
49. Watson J.G., Chow J.C., and Chen L.W.A. Summary of organic and elemental carbon/black carbon analysis methods and intercomparisons. Aerosol and Air Quality Research 5 (2005) 65-102
50. Yang F., He K., Ye B., Chen X., Cha L., Cadle S.H., Chan T., and Mulawa P.A. One-year record of organic and elemental carbon in fine particles in downtown Beijing and Shanghai. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 5 (2005) 1449-1457
51. Yang H., Yu J.Z., Ho S.S.H., Xu J., Wu W.-S., Wan C.H., Wang X., Wang X., and Wang L. The chemical composition of inorganic and carbonaceous materials in PM2.5 in Nanjing, China. Atmospheric Environment 39 (2005) 3735-3749
52. Ye S.-H., Zhou W., Song J., Peng B.-C., Yuan D., Lu Y.-M., and Qi P.-P. Toxicity and health effects of vehicle emissions in Shanghai. Atmospheric Environment 34 (2000) 419-429
53. Ye B., Ji X., Yang H., Yao X., Chan C.K., Cadle S.H., Chan T., and Mulawa P.A. Concentration and chemical composition of PM2.5 in Shanghai for a 1-year period. Atmospheric Environment 37 (2003) 499-510
54. Zhang Y., Shao M., Zhang Y., Zeng L., He L., Zhu B., Wei Y., and Zhu X. Source profiles of particulate organic matters emitted from cereal straw burnings. Journal of Environmental Sciences 19 (2007) 167-175