Valuing new media spaces: Are cable network news crawls cross-promotional agents?

Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly

Volumn 85, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 894-912

  Coffey, Amy Jo ^a   Cleary, Johanna ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COMPARATIVE STUDY; INFORMATION; MASS MEDIA; MEDIA ROLE; VALUATION;

EID: 64949117490     PISSN: 10776990     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/107769900808500411     Document Type: Article

References (77)

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2. NBC Universal has a controlling (82%) stake in MSNBC, with Microsoft now serving as minority partner in the joint venture.
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49. Increased viewership for a promoted program would result in higher ratings, which in turn allow a programmer to charge higher rates to advertisers for commercial availabilities.
50. Oligopolistic markets are characterized by a few large firms. Within the cable television news sector, CNN, FOX, and MSNBC are the three directly competing firms (networks). The large media parent companies could also be described as an oligopolistic market structure (i.e., Disney, News Corp, CBS Corp, NBC Universal/General Electric).
51. Dmitri Williams, "Synergy Bias: Conglomerates and Promotion in the News," Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 46 (3, 2002): 453-72.
52. However, NBC Universal now has controlling interest (82%) in MSNBC, with Microsoft maintaining an 18% stake. See Michael Learmonth, "Peacock Plucks MSNBC, Variety, December 23, 2005, http://www.variety.com/article/ VR1117935156.html?categoryid=18&c s=l (accessed January 9, 2008);
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55. "Non-software media products" is a phrase used here to differentiate from software, which might be considered a media product by some. Microsoft (minority partner in MSNBC) is heavily invested in software, but for purposes of this study, software is not considered a media product. Media products relevant to this study, then, include the cable networks themselves, as well as any sister company products such as sister networks, Web sites, film studios, and publishing houses.
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58. Measurement of the difference in ISP promotion was not possible, since News Corp had no ISP. Thus, any findings of ISP promotion (e.g., AOL) could not be automatically attributed to parent company investment holdings differences.
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60. Dayparts (e.g., MSNBC, July 24, 4:00 p.m.) were randomly select- ed for intercoder reliability testing, rather than individual ticker elements, for manageability. Within each randomly selected daypart, the individual variables were tested.
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62. Roger D. Wimmer and Joseph R. Dominick, Mass Media Research: An Introduction, 6th ed. (Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, 2000).
63. "Non-software media products" is a term used to differentiate from software, which could be considered a media product by some.
64. Williams, "Synergy Bias."
65. Cleary and Adams-Bloom, "The Family Business"; Cleary and Adams-Bloom, "Selling News"; Adams-Bloom and Cleary, "Staking a Claim for Social Responsibility."
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67. Michael Learmonth, "Photo Finish for Cable News Nets," Variety, September 3, 2007, in the Lexis-Nexis database, http://www.lex-isnexis.com/us/lnacademic/results/docview/docview.do?docLinkInd= true&risb=21-T5525536300&format=GNBFI&sort=RELEVANCE&startD ocNo=l&resultsUrlKey=29-T5525536303&cisb=22-T5525536302&treeMa x=true&treeWidth=0&csi=139224&docNo=l (accessed August 11, 2008);
68. Benjamin Toff, "Gains for Cable News," the New York Times, July 5, 2007, in the Lexis-Nexis database, http://www.lexisnexis.com/ us/lnacademic/search/homesubmitForm.do (accessed August 11, 2008).
69. Tim Arango, "Back in the Game," the New York Times, March 5, 2008, in the Lexis-Nexis database, http://www.lexisnexis.com/us/lnaca demic/results/docview/docview.do?docLinkInd=true&risb=21-T55255 42827&format=GNBFI&sort=RELEVANCE&startDocNo=l&resultsUrlKe y=29-T5525542832&cisb=22-T5525542831&treeMax=true&treeWidth=0& csi=6742&docNo=l (accessed August 11, 2008).
70. The variable, "tone," had 92.6% coder agreement, but received a lower Cohen's kappa of .615, so was not reported in the table. However, it is worth mentioning anecdotally due to the researchers' own observations.
71. Cleary and Adams-Bloom, "The Family Business"; Cleary and Adams-Bloom, "Selling News."
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73. Adams-Bloom and Cleary, "Staking a Claim for Social Responsibility."
74. Schultz, "Can't Afford Spots?"
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