메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 109, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 826-837

Nicotine is neuroprotective when administered before but not after nigrostriatal damage in rats and monkeys

Author keywords

6 hydroxydopamine; MPTP; Neuroprotection; Neurorestoration; Nicotine; Parkinson's disease

Indexed keywords

1,2,3,6 TETRAHYDRO 1 METHYL 4 PHENYLPYRIDINE; CONOTOXIN; DOPAMINE TRANSPORTER; IODINE 125; NICOTINE; NICOTINIC RECEPTOR; NICOTINIC RECEPTOR ALPHA4BETA2; OXIDOPAMINE;

EID: 64349110062     PISSN: 00223042     EISSN: 14714159     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.06011.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (72)

References (50)
  • 1
    • 0036204434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presynaptic involvement in the nicotine prevention of the dopamine loss provoked by 6-OHDA administration in the substantia nigra
    • Abin-Carriquiry J. A., McGregor-Armas R., Costa G., Urbanavicius J. Dajas F. (2002) Presynaptic involvement in the nicotine prevention of the dopamine loss provoked by 6-OHDA administration in the substantia nigra. Neurotox. Res. 4, 133 139.
    • (2002) Neurotox. Res. , vol.4 , pp. 133-139
    • Abin-Carriquiry, J.A.1    McGregor-Armas, R.2    Costa, G.3    Urbanavicius, J.4    Dajas, F.5
  • 2
    • 0033576771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist ABT-594 increases FGF-2 expression in various rat brain regions
    • Belluardo N., Mudo G., Caniglia G., Cheng Q., Blum M. Fuxe K. (1999a) The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist ABT-594 increases FGF-2 expression in various rat brain regions. Neuroreport 10, 3909 3913.
    • (1999) Neuroreport , vol.10 , pp. 3909-3913
    • Belluardo, N.1    Mudo, G.2    Caniglia, G.3    Cheng, Q.4    Blum, M.5    Fuxe, K.6
  • 3
    • 0033402934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist (+/-)-epibatidine increases FGF-2 mRNA and protein levels in the rat brain
    • Belluardo N., Mudo G., Blum M., Cheng Q., Caniglia G., Dell'Albani P. Fuxe K. (1999b) The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist (+/-)-epibatidine increases FGF-2 mRNA and protein levels in the rat brain. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 74, 98 110.
    • (1999) Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. , vol.74 , pp. 98-110
    • Belluardo, N.1    Mudo, G.2    Blum, M.3    Cheng, Q.4    Caniglia, G.5    Dell'Albani, P.6    Fuxe, K.7
  • 5
    • 33749009597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Partial recovery of striatal nicotinic receptors in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-lesioned monkeys with chronic oral nicotine
    • Bordia T., Parameswaran N., Fan H., Langston J. W., McIntosh J. M. Quik M. (2006) Partial recovery of striatal nicotinic receptors in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-lesioned monkeys with chronic oral nicotine. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 319, 285 292.
    • (2006) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.319 , pp. 285-292
    • Bordia, T.1    Parameswaran, N.2    Fan, H.3    Langston, J.W.4    McIntosh, J.M.5    Quik, M.6
  • 6
    • 34347218938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nigrostriatal damage preferentially decreases a subpopulation of alpha6beta2* nAChRs in mouse, monkey, and Parkinson's disease striatum
    • Bordia T., Grady S. R., McIntosh J. M. Quik M. (2007) Nigrostriatal damage preferentially decreases a subpopulation of alpha6beta2* nAChRs in mouse, monkey, and Parkinson's disease striatum. Mol. Pharmacol. 72, 52 61.
    • (2007) Mol. Pharmacol. , vol.72 , pp. 52-61
    • Bordia, T.1    Grady, S.R.2    McIntosh, J.M.3    Quik, M.4
  • 7
    • 0037343956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo nicotine treatment regulates mesocorticolimbic CREB and ERK signaling in C57Bl/6J mice
    • Brunzell D. H., Russell D. S. Picciotto M. R. (2003) In vivo nicotine treatment regulates mesocorticolimbic CREB and ERK signaling in C57Bl/6J mice. J. Neurochem. 84, 1431 1441.
    • (2003) J. Neurochem. , vol.84 , pp. 1431-1441
    • Brunzell, D.H.1    Russell, D.S.2    Picciotto, M.R.3
  • 8
    • 0031925945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in the rat is associated with striatal overexpression of prodynorphin- and glutamic acid decarboxylase mRNA
    • Cenci M. A., Lee C. S. Bjorklund A. (1998) L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in the rat is associated with striatal overexpression of prodynorphin- and glutamic acid decarboxylase mRNA. Eur. J. Neurosci. 10, 2694 2706.
    • (1998) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.10 , pp. 2694-2706
    • Cenci, M.A.1    Lee, C.S.2    Bjorklund, A.3
  • 9
    • 0032835969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in the regional and compartmental distribution of FosB- and JunB-like immunoreactivity induced in the dopamine-denervated rat striatum by acute or chronic L-dopa treatment
    • Cenci M. A., Tranberg A., Andersson M. Hilbertson A. (1999) Changes in the regional and compartmental distribution of FosB- and JunB-like immunoreactivity induced in the dopamine-denervated rat striatum by acute or chronic L-dopa treatment. Neuroscience 94, 515 527.
    • (1999) Neuroscience , vol.94 , pp. 515-527
    • Cenci, M.A.1    Tranberg, A.2    Andersson, M.3    Hilbertson, A.4
  • 10
    • 0036637271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Animal models of neurological deficits: How relevant is the rat?
    • Cenci M. A., Whishaw I. Q. Schallert T. (2002) Animal models of neurological deficits: how relevant is the rat? Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 3, 574 579.
    • (2002) Nat. Rev. Neurosci. , vol.3 , pp. 574-579
    • Cenci, M.A.1    Whishaw, I.Q.2    Schallert, T.3
  • 11
    • 0035847204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nicotine prevents striatal dopamine loss produced by 6-hydroxydopamine lesion in the substantia nigra
    • Costa G., Abin-Carriquiry J. A. Dajas F. (2001) Nicotine prevents striatal dopamine loss produced by 6-hydroxydopamine lesion in the substantia nigra. Brain Res. 888, 336 342.
    • (2001) Brain Res. , vol.888 , pp. 336-342
    • Costa, G.1    Abin-Carriquiry, J.A.2    Dajas, F.3
  • 12
    • 2542486433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and the regulation of neuronal signalling
    • Dajas-Bailador F. Wonnacott S. (2004) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and the regulation of neuronal signalling. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 25, 317 324.
    • (2004) Trends Pharmacol. Sci. , vol.25 , pp. 317-324
    • Dajas-Bailador, F.1    Wonnacott, S.2
  • 13
    • 33747125503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor expression and function on nonneuronal cells
    • Gahring L. C. Rogers S. W. (2005) Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor expression and function on nonneuronal cells. AAPS J. 7, E885 E894.
    • (2005) AAPS J. , vol.7
    • Gahring, L.C.1    Rogers, S.W.2
  • 17
    • 0023808881 scopus 로고
    • Chronic nicotine treatment counteracts the disappearance of tyrosine-hydroxylase-immunoreactive nerve cell bodies, dendrites and terminals in the mesostriatal dopamine system of the male rat after partial hemitransection
    • Janson A. M., Fuxe K., Agnati L. F., Kitayama I., Harfstrand A., Andersson K. Goldstein M. (1988) Chronic nicotine treatment counteracts the disappearance of tyrosine-hydroxylase-immunoreactive nerve cell bodies, dendrites and terminals in the mesostriatal dopamine system of the male rat after partial hemitransection. Brain Res. 455, 332 345.
    • (1988) Brain Res. , vol.455 , pp. 332-345
    • Janson, A.M.1    Fuxe, K.2    Agnati, L.F.3    Kitayama, I.4    Harfstrand, A.5    Andersson, K.6    Goldstein, M.7
  • 20
    • 37349116624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The alpha4beta2alpha5 nicotinic cholinergic receptor in rat brain is resistant to up-regulation by nicotine in vivo
    • Mao D., Perry D. C., Yasuda R. P., Wolfe B. B. Kellar K. J. (2008) The alpha4beta2alpha5 nicotinic cholinergic receptor in rat brain is resistant to up-regulation by nicotine in vivo. J. Neurochem. 104, 446 456.
    • (2008) J. Neurochem. , vol.104 , pp. 446-456
    • Mao, D.1    Perry, D.C.2    Yasuda, R.P.3    Wolfe, B.B.4    Kellar, K.J.5
  • 21
    • 33751533916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BDNF up-regulates alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor levels on subpopulations of hippocampal interneurons
    • Massey K. A., Zago W. M. Berg D. K. (2006) BDNF up-regulates alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor levels on subpopulations of hippocampal interneurons. Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 33, 381 388.
    • (2006) Mol. Cell. Neurosci. , vol.33 , pp. 381-388
    • Massey, K.A.1    Zago, W.M.2    Berg, D.K.3
  • 22
    • 33846527409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines on nicotine dose selection for in vivo research
    • Matta S. G., Balfour D. J., Benowitz N. L. et al. (2007) Guidelines on nicotine dose selection for in vivo research. Psychopharmacology (Berl.) 190, 269 319.
    • (2007) Psychopharmacology (Berl.) , vol.190 , pp. 269-319
    • Matta, S.G.1    Balfour, D.J.2    Benowitz, N.L.3
  • 23
    • 0036250065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nicotine alters striatal glutamate function and decreases the apomorphine-induced contralateral rotations in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats
    • Meshul C. K., Kamel D., Moore C., Kay T. S. Krentz L. (2002) Nicotine alters striatal glutamate function and decreases the apomorphine-induced contralateral rotations in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats. Exp. Neurol. 175, 257 274.
    • (2002) Exp. Neurol. , vol.175 , pp. 257-274
    • Meshul, C.K.1    Kamel, D.2    Moore, C.3    Kay, T.S.4    Krentz, L.5
  • 24
    • 29744432244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective down-regulation of [(125)I]Y0-alpha-conotoxin MII binding in rat mesostriatal dopamine pathway following continuous infusion of nicotine
    • Mugnaini M., Garzotti M., Sartori I., Pilla M., Repeto P., Heidbreder C. A. Tessari M. (2006) Selective down-regulation of [(125)I]Y0-alpha-conotoxin MII binding in rat mesostriatal dopamine pathway following continuous infusion of nicotine. Neuroscience 137, 565 572.
    • (2006) Neuroscience , vol.137 , pp. 565-572
    • Mugnaini, M.1    Garzotti, M.2    Sartori, I.3    Pilla, M.4    Repeto, P.5    Heidbreder, C.A.6    Tessari, M.7
  • 25
    • 3042729685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Binding and functional activity of nicotinic cholinergic receptors in selected rat brain regions are increased following long-term but not short-term nicotine treatment
    • Nguyen H. N., Rasmussen B. A. Perry D. C. (2004) Binding and functional activity of nicotinic cholinergic receptors in selected rat brain regions are increased following long-term but not short-term nicotine treatment. J. Neurochem. 90, 40 49.
    • (2004) J. Neurochem. , vol.90 , pp. 40-49
    • Nguyen, H.N.1    Rasmussen, B.A.2    Perry, D.C.3
  • 27
    • 50449096313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term nicotine treatment differentially regulates striatal alpha6alpha4beta2* and alpha6(Nonalpha4)beta2* nAChR expression and function
    • Perez X. A., Bordia T., McIntosh J. M., Grady S. R. Quik M. (2008) Long-term nicotine treatment differentially regulates striatal alpha6alpha4beta2* and alpha6(Nonalpha4)beta2* nAChR expression and function. Mol. Pharmacol. 74, 844 853.
    • (2008) Mol. Pharmacol. , vol.74 , pp. 844-853
    • Perez, X.A.1    Bordia, T.2    McIntosh, J.M.3    Grady, S.R.4    Quik, M.5
  • 28
    • 34250771613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic nicotine differentially regulates alpha6- and beta3-containing nicotinic cholinergic receptors in rat brain
    • Perry D. C., Mao D., Gold A. B., McIntosh J. M., Pezzullo J. C. Kellar K. J. (2007) Chronic nicotine differentially regulates alpha6- and beta3-containing nicotinic cholinergic receptors in rat brain. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 322, 306 315.
    • (2007) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.322 , pp. 306-315
    • Perry, D.C.1    Mao, D.2    Gold, A.B.3    McIntosh, J.M.4    Pezzullo, J.C.5    Kellar, K.J.6
  • 29
    • 38449098712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotection via nAChRs: The role of nAChRs in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease
    • Picciotto M. R. Zoli M. (2008) Neuroprotection via nAChRs: the role of nAChRs in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Front Biosci. 13, 492 504.
    • (2008) Front Biosci. , vol.13 , pp. 492-504
    • Picciotto, M.R.1    Zoli, M.2
  • 30
    • 0034126122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic nicotine administration in the drinking water affects the striatal dopamine in mice
    • Pietila K. Ahtee L. (2000) Chronic nicotine administration in the drinking water affects the striatal dopamine in mice. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 66, 95 103.
    • (2000) Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. , vol.66 , pp. 95-103
    • Pietila, K.1    Ahtee, L.2
  • 31
    • 0030604226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tolerance to nicotine's effects on striatal dopamine metabolism in nicotine-withdrawn mice
    • Pietila K., Salminen O., Leikola-Pelho T. Ahtee L. (1996) Tolerance to nicotine's effects on striatal dopamine metabolism in nicotine-withdrawn mice. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 318, 17 22.
    • (1996) Eur. J. Pharmacol. , vol.318 , pp. 17-22
    • Pietila, K.1    Salminen, O.2    Leikola-Pelho, T.3    Ahtee, L.4
  • 32
    • 0035413360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vulnerability of 125I-alpha-conotoxin MII binding sites to nigrostriatal damage in monkey
    • Quik M., Polonskaya Y., Kulak J. M. McIntosh J. M. (2001) Vulnerability of 125I-alpha-conotoxin MII binding sites to nigrostriatal damage in monkey. J. Neurosci. 21, 5494 5500.
    • (2001) J. Neurosci. , vol.21 , pp. 5494-5500
    • Quik, M.1    Polonskaya, Y.2    Kulak, J.M.3    McIntosh, J.M.4
  • 34
    • 11344285967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subunit composition of nicotinic receptors in monkey striatum: Effect of treatments with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine or L-DOPA
    • Quik M., Vailati S., Bordia T., Kulak J. M., Fan H., McIntosh J. M., Clementi F. Gotti C. (2005) Subunit composition of nicotinic receptors in monkey striatum: effect of treatments with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6- tetrahydropyridine or L-DOPA. Mol. Pharmacol. 67, 32 41.
    • (2005) Mol. Pharmacol. , vol.67 , pp. 32-41
    • Quik, M.1    Vailati, S.2    Bordia, T.3    Kulak, J.M.4    Fan, H.5    McIntosh, J.M.6    Clementi, F.7    Gotti, C.8
  • 35
    • 33646823452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic oral nicotine normalizes dopaminergic function and synaptic plasticity in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-lesioned primates
    • Quik M., Chen L., Parameswaran N., Xie X., Langston J. W. McCallum S. E. (2006a) Chronic oral nicotine normalizes dopaminergic function and synaptic plasticity in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-lesioned primates. J. Neurosci. 26, 4681 4689.
    • (2006) J. Neurosci. , vol.26 , pp. 4681-4689
    • Quik, M.1    Chen, L.2    Parameswaran, N.3    Xie, X.4    Langston, J.W.5    McCallum, S.E.6
  • 37
    • 34548674712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nicotinic receptors as CNS targets for Parkinson's disease
    • Quik M., Bordia T. O'Leary K. (2007a) Nicotinic receptors as CNS targets for Parkinson's disease. Biochem. Pharmacol. 74, 1224 1234.
    • (2007) Biochem. Pharmacol. , vol.74 , pp. 1224-1234
    • Quik, M.1    Bordia, T.2    O'Leary, K.3
  • 38
    • 34247578066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nicotine neuroprotection against nigrostriatal damage: Importance of the animal model
    • Quik M., O'Neill M. Perez X. A. (2007b) Nicotine neuroprotection against nigrostriatal damage: importance of the animal model. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 28, 229 235.
    • (2007) Trends Pharmacol. Sci. , vol.28 , pp. 229-235
    • Quik, M.1    O'Neill, M.2    Perez, X.A.3
  • 40
    • 0035036071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dose-related neuroprotective effects of chronic nicotine in 6-hydroxydopamine treated rats, and loss of neuroprotection in alpha4 nicotinic receptor subunit knockout mice
    • Ryan R. E., Ross S. A., Drago J. Loiacono R. E. (2001) Dose-related neuroprotective effects of chronic nicotine in 6-hydroxydopamine treated rats, and loss of neuroprotection in alpha4 nicotinic receptor subunit knockout mice. Br. J. Pharmacol. 132, 1650 1656.
    • (2001) Br. J. Pharmacol. , vol.132 , pp. 1650-1656
    • Ryan, R.E.1    Ross, S.A.2    Drago, J.3    Loiacono, R.E.4
  • 41
    • 2442653986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subunit composition and pharmacology of two classes of striatal presynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors mediating dopamine release in mice
    • Salminen O., Murphy K. L., McIntosh J. M., Drago J., Marks M. J., Collins A. C. Grady S. R. (2004) Subunit composition and pharmacology of two classes of striatal presynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors mediating dopamine release in mice. Mol. Pharmacol. 65, 1526 1535.
    • (2004) Mol. Pharmacol. , vol.65 , pp. 1526-1535
    • Salminen, O.1    Murphy, K.L.2    McIntosh, J.M.3    Drago, J.4    Marks, M.J.5    Collins, A.C.6    Grady, S.R.7
  • 43
    • 33847105184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advances in the treatment of Parkinson's disease
    • Singh N., Pillay V. Choonara Y. E. (2007) Advances in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Prog. Neurobiol. 81, 29 44.
    • (2007) Prog. Neurobiol. , vol.81 , pp. 29-44
    • Singh, N.1    Pillay, V.2    Choonara, Y.E.3
  • 44
    • 0036639946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of (-)-nicotine and (-)-cotinine on 6-hydroxydopamine-induced oxidative stress and neurotoxicity: Relevance for Parkinson's disease
    • Soto-Otero R., Mendez-Alvarez E., Hermida-Ameijeiras A., Lopez-Real A. M. Labandeira-Garcia J. L. (2002) Effects of (-)-nicotine and (-)-cotinine on 6-hydroxydopamine-induced oxidative stress and neurotoxicity: relevance for Parkinson's disease. Biochem. Pharmacol. 64, 125 135.
    • (2002) Biochem. Pharmacol. , vol.64 , pp. 125-135
    • Soto-Otero, R.1    Mendez-Alvarez, E.2    Hermida-Ameijeiras, A.3    Lopez-Real, A.M.4    Labandeira-Garcia, J.L.5
  • 45
    • 0032921821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of continuous oral nicotine administration on brain nicotinic receptors and responsiveness to nicotine in C57Bl/6 mice
    • Sparks J. A. Pauly J. R. (1999) Effects of continuous oral nicotine administration on brain nicotinic receptors and responsiveness to nicotine in C57Bl/6 mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl.) 141, 145 153.
    • (1999) Psychopharmacology (Berl.) , vol.141 , pp. 145-153
    • Sparks, J.A.1    Pauly, J.R.2
  • 47
    • 33846817498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiology and immunology of the cholinergic antiinflammatory pathway
    • Tracey K. J. (2007) Physiology and immunology of the cholinergic antiinflammatory pathway. J. Clin. Invest. 117, 289 296.
    • (2007) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.117 , pp. 289-296
    • Tracey, K.J.1
  • 48
    • 33845212316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular mechanism for analgesia involving specific antagonism of alpha9alpha10 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
    • Vincler M., Wittenauer S., Parker R., Ellison M., Olivera B. M. McIntosh J. M. (2006) Molecular mechanism for analgesia involving specific antagonism of alpha9alpha10 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A 103, 17880 17884.
    • (2006) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A , vol.103 , pp. 17880-17884
    • Vincler, M.1    Wittenauer, S.2    Parker, R.3    Ellison, M.4    Olivera, B.M.5    McIntosh, J.M.6
  • 49
    • 33747360178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nicotine, but neither the alpha4beta2 ligand RJR2403 nor an alpha7 nAChR subtype selective agonist, protects against a partial 6-hydroxydopamine lesion of the rat median forebrain bundle
    • Visanji N. P., O'Neill M. J. Duty S. (2006) Nicotine, but neither the alpha4beta2 ligand RJR2403 nor an alpha7 nAChR subtype selective agonist, protects against a partial 6-hydroxydopamine lesion of the rat median forebrain bundle. Neuropharmacology 51, 506 516.
    • (2006) Neuropharmacology , vol.51 , pp. 506-516
    • Visanji, N.P.1    O'Neill, M.J.2    Duty, S.3
  • 50
    • 2342493316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and trkB signaling in parasympathetic neurons: Relevance to regulating alpha7-containing nicotinic receptors and synaptic function
    • Zhou X., Nai Q., Chen M., Dittus J. D., Howard M. J. Margiotta J. F. (2004) Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and trkB signaling in parasympathetic neurons: relevance to regulating alpha7-containing nicotinic receptors and synaptic function. J. Neurosci. 24, 4340 4350.
    • (2004) J. Neurosci. , vol.24 , pp. 4340-4350
    • Zhou, X.1    Nai, Q.2    Chen, M.3    Dittus, J.D.4    Howard, M.J.5    Margiotta, J.F.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.