메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 201, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 226-256

A photochemical model of Titan's atmosphere and ionosphere

Author keywords

Atmospheres; chemistry; composition; Ionospheres; Photochemistry; Titan

Indexed keywords


EID: 63949083400     PISSN: 00191035     EISSN: 10902643     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.icarus.2008.12.038     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (308)

References (211)
  • 1
    • 84985372305 scopus 로고
    • A quantitative study of alkyl radical reactions by kinetic spectroscopy. III. Absorption spectrum and rate constants of mutual interaction for the ethyl radical
    • Adachi H., Basco N., and James D.G.L. A quantitative study of alkyl radical reactions by kinetic spectroscopy. III. Absorption spectrum and rate constants of mutual interaction for the ethyl radical. Int. J. Chem. Kinet. 11 (1979) 995-1005
    • (1979) Int. J. Chem. Kinet. , vol.11 , pp. 995-1005
    • Adachi, H.1    Basco, N.2    James, D.G.L.3
  • 10
    • 84948233518 scopus 로고
    • Evaluated kinetic data for combustion modeling
    • Baulch D.L., and 10 colleagues. Evaluated kinetic data for combustion modeling. J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 21 (1992) 411-429
    • (1992) J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data , vol.21 , pp. 411-429
    • Baulch, D.L.1    10 colleagues2
  • 11
    • 84913704851 scopus 로고
    • Evaluated kinetic data for combustion modelling
    • Baulch D.L., and 11 colleagues. Evaluated kinetic data for combustion modelling. J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 23 Suppl. I (1994) 847-1033
    • (1994) J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data , vol.23 , Issue.SUPPL. I , pp. 847-1033
    • Baulch, D.L.1    11 colleagues2
  • 13
    • 0001387536 scopus 로고
    • Mid-UV spectroscopy of propynenitrile at low temperature: Consequences on expected results from observations of Titan's atmosphere
    • Benilan Y., Bruston P., Raulin F., Cossart-Magos C., and Guillemin J.C. Mid-UV spectroscopy of propynenitrile at low temperature: Consequences on expected results from observations of Titan's atmosphere. J. Geophys. Res. 99 (1994) 17069-17074
    • (1994) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.99 , pp. 17069-17074
    • Benilan, Y.1    Bruston, P.2    Raulin, F.3    Cossart-Magos, C.4    Guillemin, J.C.5
  • 18
    • 37349067227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of high abundances of aerosols on the electrical conductivity of the Titan atmosphere
    • Borucki W.J., and Whitten R.C. Influence of high abundances of aerosols on the electrical conductivity of the Titan atmosphere. Planet. Space Sci. 56 (2008) 19-26
    • (2008) Planet. Space Sci. , vol.56 , pp. 19-26
    • Borucki, W.J.1    Whitten, R.C.2
  • 19
    • 33645848135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictions of the electric conductivity and charging of the aerosols in Tiran's atmosphere
    • Borucki W.J., Whitten R.C., Bakes E.L.O., Barth E., and Tripathi S. Predictions of the electric conductivity and charging of the aerosols in Tiran's atmosphere. Icarus 181 (2006) 527-544
    • (2006) Icarus , vol.181 , pp. 527-544
    • Borucki, W.J.1    Whitten, R.C.2    Bakes, E.L.O.3    Barth, E.4    Tripathi, S.5
  • 21
    • 33748606937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinetics of reactions between neutral free radicals. Rate constants for the reaction of CH radicals with N atoms between 216 and 584 K
    • Brownsword R.A., Gatenby S.D., Herbert L.B., Smith I.W.M., Stewart D.W.A., and Symonds A.C. Kinetics of reactions between neutral free radicals. Rate constants for the reaction of CH radicals with N atoms between 216 and 584 K. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 92 (1996) 723-727
    • (1996) J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. , vol.92 , pp. 723-727
    • Brownsword, R.A.1    Gatenby, S.D.2    Herbert, L.B.3    Smith, I.W.M.4    Stewart, D.W.A.5    Symonds, A.C.6
  • 22
    • 45149143483 scopus 로고
    • UV spectroscopy of Titan's atmosphere, planetary organic chemistry, and prebiological synthesis
    • Bruston P., Poncet H., Raulin F., Cossart-Magos C., and Courtin R. UV spectroscopy of Titan's atmosphere, planetary organic chemistry, and prebiological synthesis. Icarus 78 (1989) 38-53
    • (1989) Icarus , vol.78 , pp. 38-53
    • Bruston, P.1    Poncet, H.2    Raulin, F.3    Cossart-Magos, C.4    Courtin, R.5
  • 23
    • 21144461061 scopus 로고
    • Kinetics of CN reactions with allene, butadiene, propylene and acrylonitrile
    • Butterfield M.T., Yu T., and Lin M.C. Kinetics of CN reactions with allene, butadiene, propylene and acrylonitrile. Chem. Phys. 169 (1993) 129-134
    • (1993) Chem. Phys. , vol.169 , pp. 129-134
    • Butterfield, M.T.1    Yu, T.2    Lin, M.C.3
  • 25
    • 33847363980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 8) over the temperature range 24-300 K: Implications for the atmospheres of titan and the giant planets
    • 8) over the temperature range 24-300 K: Implications for the atmospheres of titan and the giant planets. Icarus 187 (2007) 558-568
    • (2007) Icarus , vol.187 , pp. 558-568
    • Canosa, A.1    Paramo, A.2    le Picard, S.D.3    Sims, I.R.4
  • 29
    • 0034305223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temperature dependent photoabsorption cross sections of allene and methylacetylene in the VUV-UV region
    • Chen F.Z., Judge D.L., and Wu C.Y.R. Temperature dependent photoabsorption cross sections of allene and methylacetylene in the VUV-UV region. Chem. Phys. 260 (2000) 215-223
    • (2000) Chem. Phys. , vol.260 , pp. 215-223
    • Chen, F.Z.1    Judge, D.L.2    Wu, C.Y.R.3
  • 32
    • 36749115519 scopus 로고
    • Vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopy of cyanogens and cyanoacetylenes
    • Connors R.E., Roebber J.L., and Weiss K. Vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopy of cyanogens and cyanoacetylenes. J. Chem. Phys. 60 (1974) 5011-5024
    • (1974) J. Chem. Phys. , vol.60 , pp. 5011-5024
    • Connors, R.E.1    Roebber, J.L.2    Weiss, K.3
  • 33
    • 58149365832 scopus 로고
    • Titan's thermal emission spectrum: Reanalysis of the Voyager infrared measurements
    • Courtin R., Gautier D., and McKay C.P. Titan's thermal emission spectrum: Reanalysis of the Voyager infrared measurements. Icarus 114 (1995) 144-162
    • (1995) Icarus , vol.114 , pp. 144-162
    • Courtin, R.1    Gautier, D.2    McKay, C.P.3
  • 35
    • 25844510746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Titan's ionosphere: Model comparisons with Cassini Ta data
    • 10.1029/2005GL023249 L12108
    • Cravens T.E., and 15 colleagues. Titan's ionosphere: Model comparisons with Cassini Ta data. Geophys. Res. Lett. 32 (2005) 10.1029/2005GL023249 L12108
    • (2005) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.32
    • Cravens, T.E.1    15 colleagues2
  • 36
    • 33646839649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Composition of Titan's ionosphere
    • 10.1029/2005GL025575 L07105
    • Cravens T.E., and 15 colleagues. Composition of Titan's ionosphere. Geophys. Res. Lett. 33 (2006) 10.1029/2005GL025575 L07105
    • (2006) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.33
    • Cravens, T.E.1    15 colleagues2
  • 38
    • 57349150593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Models-data comparisons for Titan's nightside ionosphere
    • Cravens T.E., and 11 colleagues. Models-data comparisons for Titan's nightside ionosphere. Icarus 199 (2009) 174-188
    • (2009) Icarus , vol.199 , pp. 174-188
    • Cravens, T.E.1    11 colleagues2
  • 40
    • 57649123174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution and escape of molecular hydrogen in Titan's thermosphere and exosphere
    • 10.1029/2007JE003032 E10004
    • Cui J., Yelle R.V., and Volk K. Distribution and escape of molecular hydrogen in Titan's thermosphere and exosphere. J. Geophys. Res. 113 (2008) 10.1029/2007JE003032 E10004
    • (2008) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.113
    • Cui, J.1    Yelle, R.V.2    Volk, K.3
  • 41
    • 33846295563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxygen compounds in Titan's stratosphere as observed by Cassini CIRS
    • de Kok R., and 12 colleagues. Oxygen compounds in Titan's stratosphere as observed by Cassini CIRS. Icarus 186 (2007) 354-363
    • (2007) Icarus , vol.186 , pp. 354-363
    • de Kok, R.1    12 colleagues2
  • 45
    • 36549100818 scopus 로고
    • Microwave kinetic spectroscopy of reaction intermediates: O + ethylene reaction at low pressure
    • Endo Y., Tsuchiya S., Yamada C., Hirota E., and Koda S. Microwave kinetic spectroscopy of reaction intermediates: O + ethylene reaction at low pressure. J. Chem. Phys. 85 (1986) 4446-4452
    • (1986) J. Chem. Phys. , vol.85 , pp. 4446-4452
    • Endo, Y.1    Tsuchiya, S.2    Yamada, C.3    Hirota, E.4    Koda, S.5
  • 46
    • 0030308248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ablation and chemistry of meteoritic materials in the atmosphere of Titan
    • English M., Lara L.M., Lorenz R.D., Ratcliff P.M., and Rodrigo R. Ablation and chemistry of meteoritic materials in the atmosphere of Titan. Adv. Space Res. 17 (1996) 157-160
    • (1996) Adv. Space Res. , vol.17 , pp. 157-160
    • English, M.1    Lara, L.M.2    Lorenz, R.D.3    Ratcliff, P.M.4    Rodrigo, R.5
  • 47
    • 0006790444 scopus 로고
    • Kinetics of the self-reaction and the reaction with OH of the amidogen radical
    • Fagerstrom K., Jodkowski J.T., Lund A., and Ratajczak E. Kinetics of the self-reaction and the reaction with OH of the amidogen radical. Chem. Phys. Lett. 236 (1995) 103-110
    • (1995) Chem. Phys. Lett. , vol.236 , pp. 103-110
    • Fagerstrom, K.1    Jodkowski, J.T.2    Lund, A.3    Ratajczak, E.4
  • 48
    • 0030540398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temperature dependent ultraviolet absorption cross sections of propylene, methylacetylene and vinylacetylene
    • Fahr A., and Nayak A. Temperature dependent ultraviolet absorption cross sections of propylene, methylacetylene and vinylacetylene. Chem. Phys. 203 (1996) 351-358
    • (1996) Chem. Phys. , vol.203 , pp. 351-358
    • Fahr, A.1    Nayak, A.2
  • 49
    • 58149372713 scopus 로고
    • Reactions of vinyl and phenyl radicals with ethyne, ethene and benzene
    • Fahr A., and Stein S.E. Reactions of vinyl and phenyl radicals with ethyne, ethene and benzene. Symp. Int. Combust. Proc. 22 (1989) 1023-1029
    • (1989) Symp. Int. Combust. Proc. , vol.22 , pp. 1023-1029
    • Fahr, A.1    Stein, S.E.2
  • 53
    • 2342460281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantum chemistry investigation of key reactions involved in the formation of naphthalene and indene
    • Fascella S., Cavallotti C., Rota R., and Carra S. Quantum chemistry investigation of key reactions involved in the formation of naphthalene and indene. J. Phys. Chem. A 108 (2004) 3829-3843
    • (2004) J. Phys. Chem. A , vol.108 , pp. 3829-3843
    • Fascella, S.1    Cavallotti, C.2    Rota, R.3    Carra, S.4
  • 54
    • 14544279706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shock wave study on the thermal unimolecular decomposition of allyl radicals
    • Fernandes R.X., Giri B.R., Hippler H., Kachiani C., and Striebel F. Shock wave study on the thermal unimolecular decomposition of allyl radicals. J. Phys. Chem. A 109 (2005) 1063-1070
    • (2005) J. Phys. Chem. A , vol.109 , pp. 1063-1070
    • Fernandes, R.X.1    Giri, B.R.2    Hippler, H.3    Kachiani, C.4    Striebel, F.5
  • 55
    • 20844450913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Titan's atmospheric temperatures, winds, and composition
    • Flasar F.M., and 44 colleagues. Titan's atmospheric temperatures, winds, and composition. Science 308 (2005) 975-978
    • (2005) Science , vol.308 , pp. 975-978
    • Flasar, F.M.1    44 colleagues2
  • 56
    • 0024483470 scopus 로고
    • Phtodissociation of CO in the thermosphere of Venus
    • Fox J.L., and Black J.H. Phtodissociation of CO in the thermosphere of Venus. Geophys. Res. Lett. 16 (1989) 291-294
    • (1989) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.16 , pp. 291-294
    • Fox, J.L.1    Black, J.H.2
  • 58
    • 0019049250 scopus 로고
    • High temperature thermal decomposition of acetylene and diacetylene at low relative concentrations
    • Frank P., and Just Th. High temperature thermal decomposition of acetylene and diacetylene at low relative concentrations. Combust. Flame 38 (1980) 231-248
    • (1980) Combust. Flame , vol.38 , pp. 231-248
    • Frank, P.1    Just, Th.2
  • 59
    • 0036027010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative detection of HCO behind shock waves: The thermal decomposition of HCO
    • Friedrichs G., Herbon J.T., Davidson D.F., and Hanson R.K. Quantitative detection of HCO behind shock waves: The thermal decomposition of HCO. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 4 (2002) 5778-5788
    • (2002) Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. , vol.4 , pp. 5778-5788
    • Friedrichs, G.1    Herbon, J.T.2    Davidson, D.F.3    Hanson, R.K.4
  • 60
    • 0000401586 scopus 로고
    • Reaction between OH (OD) radicals and CO at temperatures down to 80 K: Experiment and theory
    • Frost M.J., Sharkey P., and Smith I.W.M. Reaction between OH (OD) radicals and CO at temperatures down to 80 K: Experiment and theory. J. Phys. Chem. 97 (1993) 12254-12259
    • (1993) J. Phys. Chem. , vol.97 , pp. 12254-12259
    • Frost, M.J.1    Sharkey, P.2    Smith, I.W.M.3
  • 61
    • 28644435591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In situ measurements of the physical characteristics of Titan's environment
    • Fulchignoni M., and 42 colleagues. In situ measurements of the physical characteristics of Titan's environment. Nature 438 (2005) 785-791
    • (2005) Nature , vol.438 , pp. 785-791
    • Fulchignoni, M.1    42 colleagues2
  • 65
    • 0029691599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrocarbon photochemistry in the upper atmosphere of Jupiter
    • Gladstone G.R., Allen M., and Yung Y.L. Hydrocarbon photochemistry in the upper atmosphere of Jupiter. Icarus 119 (1996) 1-52
    • (1996) Icarus , vol.119 , pp. 1-52
    • Gladstone, G.R.1    Allen, M.2    Yung, Y.L.3
  • 69
    • 6744251025 scopus 로고
    • The reaction of CN radicals with cyanoacetylene
    • Halpern J.B., Miller G.E., and Okabe H. The reaction of CN radicals with cyanoacetylene. Chem. Phys. Lett. 155 (1989) 347-350
    • (1989) Chem. Phys. Lett. , vol.155 , pp. 347-350
    • Halpern, J.B.1    Miller, G.E.2    Okabe, H.3
  • 70
    • 0011518299 scopus 로고
    • Fluorescence of acetylic hydrocarbons
    • Hamai S., and Hirayama F. Fluorescence of acetylic hydrocarbons. J. Chem. Phys. 71 (1979) 2934-2939
    • (1979) J. Chem. Phys. , vol.71 , pp. 2934-2939
    • Hamai, S.1    Hirayama, F.2
  • 71
    • 0026838392 scopus 로고
    • Kinetics of the reaction between H atoms and allyl radicals
    • Hanning-Lee M.A., and Pilling M.J. Kinetics of the reaction between H atoms and allyl radicals. Int. J. Chem. Kinet. 24 (1992) 271-278
    • (1992) Int. J. Chem. Kinet. , vol.24 , pp. 271-278
    • Hanning-Lee, M.A.1    Pilling, M.J.2
  • 72
    • 33745477215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preliminary interpretation of Titan plasma interaction as observed by the Cassini Plasma Spectrometer: Comparisons with Voyager 1
    • 10.1029/2005GL024817 8201
    • Hartle R.E., and 17 colleagues. Preliminary interpretation of Titan plasma interaction as observed by the Cassini Plasma Spectrometer: Comparisons with Voyager 1. Geophys. Res. Lett. 33 (2006) 10.1029/2005GL024817 8201
    • (2006) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.33
    • Hartle, R.E.1    17 colleagues2
  • 73
    • 0025460653 scopus 로고
    • Kinetics of reactions between methyl and acetyl radicals in gas phase produced by flash photolysis of acetic anhydride
    • Hassinen E., Kalliorinne K., and Koskikallio J. Kinetics of reactions between methyl and acetyl radicals in gas phase produced by flash photolysis of acetic anhydride. Int. J. Chem. Kinet. 22 (1990) 741-745
    • (1990) Int. J. Chem. Kinet. , vol.22 , pp. 741-745
    • Hassinen, E.1    Kalliorinne, K.2    Koskikallio, J.3
  • 75
    • 0001238691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photoabsorption and photoionization of propyne
    • Ho G.H., Lin M.S., Wang Y.L., and Chang T.W. Photoabsorption and photoionization of propyne. J. Chem. Phys. 109 (1998) 5868-5879
    • (1998) J. Chem. Phys. , vol.109 , pp. 5868-5879
    • Ho, G.H.1    Lin, M.S.2    Wang, Y.L.3    Chang, T.W.4
  • 77
    • 57649119816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The origin of oxygen species in Titan's atmosphere
    • 10.1029/2008JE003135 E10006
    • Hörst S.M., Vuitton V., and Yelle R.V. The origin of oxygen species in Titan's atmosphere. J. Geophys. Res. 113 (2008) 10.1029/2008JE003135 E10006
    • (2008) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.113
    • Hörst, S.M.1    Vuitton, V.2    Yelle, R.V.3
  • 79
    • 0032366914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluated gas phase basicities and proton affinities of molecules: An update
    • Hunter E.P., and Lias S.G. Evaluated gas phase basicities and proton affinities of molecules: An update. J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 27 (1998) 413-456
    • (1998) J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data , vol.27 , pp. 413-456
    • Hunter, E.P.1    Lias, S.G.2
  • 81
    • 28644433744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex organic matter in Titan's atmospheric aerosols from in situ pyrolysis and analysis
    • Israël G., and 21 colleagues. Complex organic matter in Titan's atmospheric aerosols from in situ pyrolysis and analysis. Nature 438 (2005) 796-799
    • (2005) Nature , vol.438 , pp. 796-799
    • Israël, G.1    21 colleagues2
  • 82
    • 0342861337 scopus 로고
    • The reaction of atomic hydrogen with methyl cyanide
    • Jamieson J.W.S., Brown G.R., and Tanner J.S. The reaction of atomic hydrogen with methyl cyanide. Can. J. Chem. 48 (1970) 3619-3622
    • (1970) Can. J. Chem. , vol.48 , pp. 3619-3622
    • Jamieson, J.W.S.1    Brown, G.R.2    Tanner, J.S.3
  • 83
    • 37049072196 scopus 로고
    • Kinetics and product study of the self-reactions of allyl and allyl peroxy radicals at 296 K
    • Jenkin M.E., Murrells T.P., Shalliker S.J., and Hayman G.D. Kinetics and product study of the self-reactions of allyl and allyl peroxy radicals at 296 K. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 89 (1993) 433-446
    • (1993) J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. , vol.89 , pp. 433-446
    • Jenkin, M.E.1    Murrells, T.P.2    Shalliker, S.J.3    Hayman, G.D.4
  • 85
    • 23744515395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2C{triple bond, long}N) based on laboratory infrared data
    • 2C{triple bond, long}N) based on laboratory infrared data. Icarus 177 (2005) 116-121
    • (2005) Icarus , vol.177 , pp. 116-121
    • Khanna, R.K.1
  • 86
    • 27244441150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2) on Titan
    • 2) on Titan. Icarus 178 (2005) 165-170
    • (2005) Icarus , vol.178 , pp. 165-170
    • Khanna, R.K.1
  • 87
    • 0001654021 scopus 로고
    • Optical constants of organic tholins produced in a simulated titanian atmosphere from soft X-ray to microwave frequencies
    • Khare B.N., Sagan C., Arakawa E.T., Suits F., Calcott T.A., and Williams M.W. Optical constants of organic tholins produced in a simulated titanian atmosphere from soft X-ray to microwave frequencies. Icarus 60 (1984) 127-137
    • (1984) Icarus , vol.60 , pp. 127-137
    • Khare, B.N.1    Sagan, C.2    Arakawa, E.T.3    Suits, F.4    Calcott, T.A.5    Williams, M.W.6
  • 88
    • 56749182041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First results from the Cassini radio occultations of the Titan ionosphere
    • 10.1029/2007JA012965 A09317
    • Kliore A.J., and 12 colleagues. First results from the Cassini radio occultations of the Titan ionosphere. J. Geophys. Res. 113 (2008) 10.1029/2007JA012965 A09317
    • (2008) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.113
    • Kliore, A.J.1    12 colleagues2
  • 89
    • 84964228048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elementary reactions of formyl (HCO) radical studied by laser photolysis-Transient absorption spectroscopy
    • Krasnoperov L.N., Chesnokov E.N., Stark H., and Ravishankara A.R. Elementary reactions of formyl (HCO) radical studied by laser photolysis-Transient absorption spectroscopy. Proc. Combust. Inst. 30 (2005) 935-943
    • (2005) Proc. Combust. Inst. , vol.30 , pp. 935-943
    • Krasnoperov, L.N.1    Chesnokov, E.N.2    Stark, H.3    Ravishankara, A.R.4
  • 91
    • 0000746888 scopus 로고
    • Uniqueness of a solution of a steady-state photochemical problem: Applications to Mars
    • Krasnopolsky V.A. Uniqueness of a solution of a steady-state photochemical problem: Applications to Mars. J. Geophys. Res. 100 (1995) 3263-3276
    • (1995) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.100 , pp. 3263-3276
    • Krasnopolsky, V.A.1
  • 92
    • 0029652146 scopus 로고
    • Photochemistry of Triton's atmosphere and ionosphere
    • Krasnopolsky V.A., and Cruikshank D.P. Photochemistry of Triton's atmosphere and ionosphere. J. Geophys. Res. 100 (1995) 21,271-21,286
    • (1995) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.100
    • Krasnopolsky, V.A.1    Cruikshank, D.P.2
  • 93
    • 0033603914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photochemistry of Pluto's atmosphere and ionosphere near perihelion
    • Krasnopolsky V.A., and Cruikshank D.P. Photochemistry of Pluto's atmosphere and ionosphere near perihelion. J. Geophys. Res. 104 (1999) 21,979-21,996
    • (1999) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.104
    • Krasnopolsky, V.A.1    Cruikshank, D.P.2
  • 94
    • 34047209477 scopus 로고
    • 1): Absolute rate constants for atomic and molecular collisinal partner at 295 K
    • 1): Absolute rate constants for atomic and molecular collisinal partner at 295 K. J. Chem. Phys. 78 (1983) 6650-6659
    • (1983) J. Chem. Phys. , vol.78 , pp. 6650-6659
    • Langford, A.O.1    Petek, H.2    Moore, C.B.3
  • 95
    • 15944400058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vertical distribution of Titan's atmospheric neutral constituents
    • Lara L.M., Lellouch E., Lopes-Moreno J., and Rodrigo R. Vertical distribution of Titan's atmospheric neutral constituents. J. Geophys. Res. 101 (1996) 23,261-23,283
    • (1996) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.101
    • Lara, L.M.1    Lellouch, E.2    Lopes-Moreno, J.3    Rodrigo, R.4
  • 96
    • 4344647131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 hydrocarbon radicals
    • 2 hydrocarbon radicals. Chem. Rev. 104 (2004) 2813-2832
    • (2004) Chem. Rev. , vol.104 , pp. 2813-2832
    • Laufer, A.H.1    Fahr, A.2
  • 97
    • 0001444248 scopus 로고
    • Computations and estimates of rate coefficients of hydrocarbon reactions of interest in the atmospheres of the outer solar system
    • Laufer A.H., Gardner E.P., Kwok T.L., and Yung Y.L. Computations and estimates of rate coefficients of hydrocarbon reactions of interest in the atmospheres of the outer solar system. Icarus 56 (1983) 560-567
    • (1983) Icarus , vol.56 , pp. 560-567
    • Laufer, A.H.1    Gardner, E.P.2    Kwok, T.L.3    Yung, Y.L.4
  • 98
    • 37349000890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coupling photochemistry with haze formation in Titan's atmosphere. Part I. Model description
    • Lavvas P.P., Coustenis A., and Vardavas I.M. Coupling photochemistry with haze formation in Titan's atmosphere. Part I. Model description. Planet. Space Sci. 56 (2008) 27-66
    • (2008) Planet. Space Sci. , vol.56 , pp. 27-66
    • Lavvas, P.P.1    Coustenis, A.2    Vardavas, I.M.3
  • 99
    • 37349070161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coupling photochemistry with haze formation in Titan's atmosphere. Part II. Results and validation with Cassini/Huygens data
    • Lavvas P.P., Coustenis A., and Vardavas I.M. Coupling photochemistry with haze formation in Titan's atmosphere. Part II. Results and validation with Cassini/Huygens data. Planet. Space Sci. 56 (2008) 67-99
    • (2008) Planet. Space Sci. , vol.56 , pp. 67-99
    • Lavvas, P.P.1    Coustenis, A.2    Vardavas, I.M.3
  • 100
    • 0001325283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal variations of Titan's atmospheric composition
    • Lebonnois S., Toublanc D., Hourdin F., and Rannou P. Seasonal variations of Titan's atmospheric composition. Icarus 152 (2001) 384-406
    • (2001) Icarus , vol.152 , pp. 384-406
    • Lebonnois, S.1    Toublanc, D.2    Hourdin, F.3    Rannou, P.4
  • 101
    • 33749599845 scopus 로고
    • The vertical distribution and origin of HCN in Neptune's atmosphere
    • Lellouch E., Romani P.N., and Rosenqvist J. The vertical distribution and origin of HCN in Neptune's atmosphere. Icarus 108 (1994) 112-136
    • (1994) Icarus , vol.108 , pp. 112-136
    • Lellouch, E.1    Romani, P.N.2    Rosenqvist, J.3
  • 102
    • 0000778125 scopus 로고
    • Temperature dependence of the carbon dioxide photoabsorption cross section between 1200 and 1970 Angstroms
    • Lewis B.R., and Carver J.H. Temperature dependence of the carbon dioxide photoabsorption cross section between 1200 and 1970 Angstroms. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Trans. 30 (1983) 297-309
    • (1983) J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Trans. , vol.30 , pp. 297-309
    • Lewis, B.R.1    Carver, J.H.2
  • 104
    • 84858077643 scopus 로고
    • Reactions of metastable nitrogen atoms
    • Lin C.L., and Kaufman F. Reactions of metastable nitrogen atoms. J. Chem. Phys. 55 (1971) 3760-3770
    • (1971) J. Chem. Phys. , vol.55 , pp. 3760-3770
    • Lin, C.L.1    Kaufman, F.2
  • 105
    • 0001162077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2) determined from multireference configuration interaction and variational transition state theory calculations
    • 2) determined from multireference configuration interaction and variational transition state theory calculations. J. Chem. Phys. 104 (1996) 6298-6306
    • (1996) J. Chem. Phys. , vol.104 , pp. 6298-6306
    • Linder, D.P.1    Duan, X.2    Page, M.3
  • 106
    • 40849113275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Titan's inventory of organic surface materials
    • 10.1029/2007GL032118 L02206
    • Lorenz R.D., and 15 colleagues. Titan's inventory of organic surface materials. Geophys. Res. Lett. 35 (2008) 10.1029/2007GL032118 L02206
    • (2008) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.35
    • Lorenz, R.D.1    15 colleagues2
  • 108
    • 0006279784 scopus 로고
    • Temperature dependence of the reaction of nitrogen atoms with methyl radicals
    • Marston G., Nesbitt F.L., Nava D.F., Payne W.A., and Stief L.J. Temperature dependence of the reaction of nitrogen atoms with methyl radicals. J. Phys. Chem. 93 (1989) 5769-5774
    • (1989) J. Phys. Chem. , vol.93 , pp. 5769-5774
    • Marston, G.1    Nesbitt, F.L.2    Nava, D.F.3    Payne, W.A.4    Stief, L.J.5
  • 110
    • 33947708356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Titan's ion chemistry: A laboratory perspective
    • McEwan M.J., and Anicich V.G. Titan's ion chemistry: A laboratory perspective. Mass Spectrom. Rev. 26 (2007) 281-319
    • (2007) Mass Spectrom. Rev. , vol.26 , pp. 281-319
    • McEwan, M.J.1    Anicich, V.G.2
  • 114
    • 0027804767 scopus 로고
    • The kinetics of the formation of nitrile compounds in the atmospheres of Titan and Neptune
    • Monks P.S., Romani P.N., Nesbitt F.L., Scanlon M., and Stief L.J. The kinetics of the formation of nitrile compounds in the atmospheres of Titan and Neptune. J. Geophys. Res. 98 (1993) 17115-17122
    • (1993) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.98 , pp. 17115-17122
    • Monks, P.S.1    Romani, P.N.2    Nesbitt, F.L.3    Scanlon, M.4    Stief, L.J.5
  • 116
    • 0026942278 scopus 로고
    • Hydrocarbon nucleation and aerosol formation in Neptune's atmosphere
    • Moses J.I., Allen M., and Yung Y.L. Hydrocarbon nucleation and aerosol formation in Neptune's atmosphere. Icarus 99 (1992) 318-346
    • (1992) Icarus , vol.99 , pp. 318-346
    • Moses, J.I.1    Allen, M.2    Yung, Y.L.3
  • 117
    • 0002377798 scopus 로고
    • Photoabsorption cross sections of methane and ethane, 1380-1600 Å, at T = 295 K and T = 200 K
    • Mount G.H., and Moos H.W. Photoabsorption cross sections of methane and ethane, 1380-1600 Å, at T = 295 K and T = 200 K. Astrophys. J. 224 (1978) L35-L38
    • (1978) Astrophys. J. , vol.224
    • Mount, G.H.1    Moos, H.W.2
  • 118
    • 0001796102 scopus 로고
    • Photoabsorption cross sections of methane from 1400 to 1850 Å
    • Mount G.H., Warden E.S., and Moos H.W. Photoabsorption cross sections of methane from 1400 to 1850 Å. Astrophys. J. 214 (1977) 47-49
    • (1977) Astrophys. J. , vol.214 , pp. 47-49
    • Mount, G.H.1    Warden, E.S.2    Moos, H.W.3
  • 120
    • 14544287717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • -) radical reactions with NO, saturated, and unsaturated hydrocarbons studied in a pulsed supersonic Laval nozzle flow reactor between 53 and 188 K
    • -) radical reactions with NO, saturated, and unsaturated hydrocarbons studied in a pulsed supersonic Laval nozzle flow reactor between 53 and 188 K. J. Phys. Chem. A 109 (2005) 1391-1399
    • (2005) J. Phys. Chem. A , vol.109 , pp. 1391-1399
    • Mullen, C.1    Smith, M.A.2
  • 121
    • 16444373983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review of the vapor pressure of ice and supercooled water for atmospheric applications
    • Murphy D.M., and Koop T. Review of the vapor pressure of ice and supercooled water for atmospheric applications. Quart. J. R. Met. Soc. 131 (2005) 1539-1565
    • (2005) Quart. J. R. Met. Soc. , vol.131 , pp. 1539-1565
    • Murphy, D.M.1    Koop, T.2
  • 124
    • 28644449983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The abundances of constituents of Titan's atmosphere from the GCMS instrument on the Huygens probe
    • Niemann H.B., and 17 colleagues. The abundances of constituents of Titan's atmosphere from the GCMS instrument on the Huygens probe. Nature 438 (2005) 779-784
    • (2005) Nature , vol.438 , pp. 779-784
    • Niemann, H.B.1    17 colleagues2
  • 126
    • 0000277607 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the reaction of acetaldehyde and acetyl radicals with atomic hydrogen
    • Ohmori K., Miyoshi A., Matsui H., and Washida N. Studies on the reaction of acetaldehyde and acetyl radicals with atomic hydrogen. J. Phys. Chem. 94 (1990) 3253-3255
    • (1990) J. Phys. Chem. , vol.94 , pp. 3253-3255
    • Ohmori, K.1    Miyoshi, A.2    Matsui, H.3    Washida, N.4
  • 128
    • 0000020590 scopus 로고
    • Photochemistry of acetylene at 1470 Å
    • Okabe H. Photochemistry of acetylene at 1470 Å. J. Chem. Phys. 75 (1981) 2772-2778
    • (1981) J. Chem. Phys. , vol.75 , pp. 2772-2778
    • Okabe, H.1
  • 138
    • 0001020331 scopus 로고
    • Kinetics of the reaction of methyl radicals with oxygen
    • Pratt G.L., and Wood S.W. Kinetics of the reaction of methyl radicals with oxygen. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 1 80 (1984) 3419-3427
    • (1984) J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 1 , vol.80 , pp. 3419-3427
    • Pratt, G.L.1    Wood, S.W.2
  • 139
    • 0000773255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Semi-empirical model of absorption and scattering by isotropic fractal aggregates of spheres
    • Rannou P., McKay C.P., Botet R., and Cabane M. Semi-empirical model of absorption and scattering by isotropic fractal aggregates of spheres. Planet. Space Sci. 47 (1999) 385-396
    • (1999) Planet. Space Sci. , vol.47 , pp. 385-396
    • Rannou, P.1    McKay, C.P.2    Botet, R.3    Cabane, M.4
  • 140
    • 0242607626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A model of Titan's haze of fractal aerosol constrained by multiple observations
    • Rannou P., McKay C.P., and Lorenz R.D. A model of Titan's haze of fractal aerosol constrained by multiple observations. Planet. Space Sci. 51 (2003) 963-976
    • (2003) Planet. Space Sci. , vol.51 , pp. 963-976
    • Rannou, P.1    McKay, C.P.2    Lorenz, R.D.3
  • 142
    • 0001478653 scopus 로고
    • EUVAC: A solar EUV flux model for aeronomic calculations
    • Richards P.G., Fennelly J.A., and Torr D.G. EUVAC: A solar EUV flux model for aeronomic calculations. J. Geophys. Res. 99 (1994) 8981-8992
    • (1994) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.99 , pp. 8981-8992
    • Richards, P.G.1    Fennelly, J.A.2    Torr, D.G.3
  • 143
    • 0011460193 scopus 로고
    • Absorption and photoionization coefficients of propylene and butene-1 in the vacuum ultraviolet
    • Samson J.A.R., Marmo F.F., and Watanabe K. Absorption and photoionization coefficients of propylene and butene-1 in the vacuum ultraviolet. J. Chem. Phys. 36 (1962) 783-786
    • (1962) J. Chem. Phys. , vol.36 , pp. 783-786
    • Samson, J.A.R.1    Marmo, F.F.2    Watanabe, K.3
  • 144
    • 0000210915 scopus 로고
    • Mean molecular weight and hydrogen abundance of Titan's atmosphere
    • Samuelson R.E., Hanel R.A., Kunde V.G., and Maguire W.C. Mean molecular weight and hydrogen abundance of Titan's atmosphere. Nature 292 (1981) 688-693
    • (1981) Nature , vol.292 , pp. 688-693
    • Samuelson, R.E.1    Hanel, R.A.2    Kunde, V.G.3    Maguire, W.C.4
  • 145
    • 63949087648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sander, S.P., and 12 colleagues, 2006. Chemical kinetics and photochemical data for use in atmospheric studies. Evaluation Number 15. JPL Publication 06-2
    • Sander, S.P., and 12 colleagues, 2006. Chemical kinetics and photochemical data for use in atmospheric studies. Evaluation Number 15. JPL Publication 06-2
  • 147
    • 84916061505 scopus 로고
    • Evaluated chemical kinetic rate constants for various gas phase reactions
    • Schofield K. Evaluated chemical kinetic rate constants for various gas phase reactions. J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 2 (1973) 25-84
    • (1973) J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data , vol.2 , pp. 25-84
    • Schofield, K.1
  • 149
    • 0011412115 scopus 로고
    • Reactions of butadiene. I. Reaction with hydrogen atoms
    • Schwanebeck W., and Warnatz J. Reactions of butadiene. I. Reaction with hydrogen atoms. Ber. Bunsen-Ges. Phys. Chem. 79 (1975) 530-535
    • (1975) Ber. Bunsen-Ges. Phys. Chem. , vol.79 , pp. 530-535
    • Schwanebeck, W.1    Warnatz, J.2
  • 150
    • 0008152389 scopus 로고
    • Photochemistry of acetylene at 193.3 nm
    • Seki K., and Okabe H. Photochemistry of acetylene at 193.3 nm. J. Phys. Chem. 97 (1993) 5284-5290
    • (1993) J. Phys. Chem. , vol.97 , pp. 5284-5290
    • Seki, K.1    Okabe, H.2
  • 151
    • 0000988923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photochemistry of cyanoacetylene at 193.3 nm
    • Seki K., He M., Liu R., and Okabe H. Photochemistry of cyanoacetylene at 193.3 nm. J. Phys. Chem. 1996 (1996) 5349-5353
    • (1996) J. Phys. Chem. , vol.1996 , pp. 5349-5353
    • Seki, K.1    He, M.2    Liu, R.3    Okabe, H.4
  • 152
    • 0030598753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reaction rates of the CN radical with diacetylene and dicyanoacetylene
    • Seki K., Yagi M., He M., Halpern J.B., and Okabe H. Reaction rates of the CN radical with diacetylene and dicyanoacetylene. Chem. Phys. Lett. 258 (1996) 657-662
    • (1996) Chem. Phys. Lett. , vol.258 , pp. 657-662
    • Seki, K.1    Yagi, M.2    He, M.3    Halpern, J.B.4    Okabe, H.5
  • 153
    • 39149097548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of organic haze in Titan's atmospheric chemistry. I. Laboratory investigations on heterogeneous reaction of atomic hydrogen with Titan tholin
    • Sekine Y., Imanaka H., Matsui T., Khare B.N., Bakes E.L.O., McKay C.P., and Sugita S. The role of organic haze in Titan's atmospheric chemistry. I. Laboratory investigations on heterogeneous reaction of atomic hydrogen with Titan tholin. Icarus 194 (2008) 186-200
    • (2008) Icarus , vol.194 , pp. 186-200
    • Sekine, Y.1    Imanaka, H.2    Matsui, T.3    Khare, B.N.4    Bakes, E.L.O.5    McKay, C.P.6    Sugita, S.7
  • 154
    • 39149129680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of organic haze in Titan's atmospheric chemistry. II. Effect of heterogeneous reaction to the hydrogen budget and chemical composition of the atmosphere
    • Sekine Y., Imanaka H., Matsui T., Khare B.N., Bakes E.L.O., McKay C.P., and Sugita S. The role of organic haze in Titan's atmospheric chemistry. II. Effect of heterogeneous reaction to the hydrogen budget and chemical composition of the atmosphere. Icarus 194 (2008) 201-211
    • (2008) Icarus , vol.194 , pp. 201-211
    • Sekine, Y.1    Imanaka, H.2    Matsui, T.3    Khare, B.N.4    Bakes, E.L.O.5    McKay, C.P.6    Sugita, S.7
  • 155
    • 33744494061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathways and rate coefficients for the decomposition of vinoxy and acetyl radicals
    • Senosiain J.P., Klippenstein S.J., and Miller J.A. Pathways and rate coefficients for the decomposition of vinoxy and acetyl radicals. J. Phys. Chem. A 110 (2006) 5772-5781
    • (2006) J. Phys. Chem. A , vol.110 , pp. 5772-5781
    • Senosiain, J.P.1    Klippenstein, S.J.2    Miller, J.A.3
  • 160
    • 0001007226 scopus 로고
    • Absolute rate parameters for the reaction of atomic hydrogen with hydrazine
    • Stief L.J., and Payne W.A. Absolute rate parameters for the reaction of atomic hydrogen with hydrazine. J. Chem. Phys. 64 (1976) 4892-4897
    • (1976) J. Chem. Phys. , vol.64 , pp. 4892-4897
    • Stief, L.J.1    Payne, W.A.2
  • 161
    • 36449009160 scopus 로고
    • Rate constant and reaction channels for the reaction of atomic nitrogen with the ethyl radical
    • Stief L.J., Nesbitt F.L., Payne W.A., Kuo S.C., Tao W., and Klemm R.B. Rate constant and reaction channels for the reaction of atomic nitrogen with the ethyl radical. J. Chem. Phys. 102 (1995) 5309-5316
    • (1995) J. Chem. Phys. , vol.102 , pp. 5309-5316
    • Stief, L.J.1    Nesbitt, F.L.2    Payne, W.A.3    Kuo, S.C.4    Tao, W.5    Klemm, R.B.6
  • 163
    • 39149105295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Titan's hydrodynamically escaping atmosphere
    • Strobel D.F. Titan's hydrodynamically escaping atmosphere. Icarus 193 (2008) 588-594
    • (2008) Icarus , vol.193 , pp. 588-594
    • Strobel, D.F.1
  • 164
    • 0022165101 scopus 로고
    • 3CN: Photodissociation rates by solar flux and interstellar radiation
    • 3CN: Photodissociation rates by solar flux and interstellar radiation. J. Geophys. Res. 90 (1985) 13037-13040
    • (1985) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.90 , pp. 13037-13040
    • Suto, M.1    Lee, L.C.2
  • 166
    • 0008073427 scopus 로고
    • Spectroscopy and dynamics of jet-cooled hydrazine and ammonia. I. Single-photon absorption and ionization spectra
    • Syage J.A., Cohen R.B., and Steadman J. Spectroscopy and dynamics of jet-cooled hydrazine and ammonia. I. Single-photon absorption and ionization spectra. J. Chem. Phys. 97 (1992) 6072-6080
    • (1992) J. Chem. Phys. , vol.97 , pp. 6072-6080
    • Syage, J.A.1    Cohen, R.B.2    Steadman, J.3
  • 170
    • 33846310424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 in Titan's atmosphere derived from Cassini/CIRS data
    • 2 in Titan's atmosphere derived from Cassini/CIRS data. Icarus 186 (2007) 364-384
    • (2007) Icarus , vol.186 , pp. 364-384
    • Teanby, N.A.1    11 colleagues2
  • 171
    • 28644450685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rain, winds and haze during the Huygens probe's descent to Titan's surface
    • Tomasko M.G., and 39 colleagues. Rain, winds and haze during the Huygens probe's descent to Titan's surface. Nature 438 (2005) 765-778
    • (2005) Nature , vol.438 , pp. 765-778
    • Tomasko, M.G.1    39 colleagues2
  • 174
    • 77951117321 scopus 로고
    • Chemical kinetic data base for combustion chemistry. Part 3. Propane
    • Tsang W. Chemical kinetic data base for combustion chemistry. Part 3. Propane. J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 17 (1988) 887-951
    • (1988) J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data , vol.17 , pp. 887-951
    • Tsang, W.1
  • 175
    • 3343006811 scopus 로고
    • Chemical kinetic data base for combustion chemistry. Part V. Propene
    • Tsang W. Chemical kinetic data base for combustion chemistry. Part V. Propene. J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 20 (1991) 221-273
    • (1991) J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data , vol.20 , pp. 221-273
    • Tsang, W.1
  • 176
    • 29744448914 scopus 로고
    • Chemical kinetic database for combustion chemistry. Part I. Methane and related compounds
    • Tsang W., and Hampson R.F. Chemical kinetic database for combustion chemistry. Part I. Methane and related compounds. J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 15 (1986) 1087-1279
    • (1986) J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data , vol.15 , pp. 1087-1279
    • Tsang, W.1    Hampson, R.F.2
  • 177
    • 63949086526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermally driven atmospheric escape: Monte Carlo simulations for Titan's atmosphere
    • submitted for publication
    • Tucker, O.J., Johnson, R.E., 2008. Thermally driven atmospheric escape: Monte Carlo simulations for Titan's atmosphere. Planet. Space Sci., submitted for publication
    • (2008) Planet. Space Sci
    • Tucker, O.J.1    Johnson, R.E.2
  • 178
    • 0009004041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2H radical reactions with ethene, propene, and 1-butene measured in a pulsed laval nozzle apparatus at T-103 and 296 K
    • 2H radical reactions with ethene, propene, and 1-butene measured in a pulsed laval nozzle apparatus at T-103 and 296 K. Chem. Phys. Lett. 348 (2001) 21-26
    • (2001) Chem. Phys. Lett. , vol.348 , pp. 21-26
    • Vakhtin, A.B.1    Heard, D.E.2    Smith, I.W.M.3    Leone, S.R.4
  • 180
    • 3242702088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New perspectives on Titan's upper atmosphere from a reanalysis of the Voyager 1 UVS solar occultations
    • Vervack Jr. R.J., Sandel B.R., and Strobel D.F. New perspectives on Titan's upper atmosphere from a reanalysis of the Voyager 1 UVS solar occultations. Icarus 170 (2004) 91-112
    • (2004) Icarus , vol.170 , pp. 91-112
    • Vervack Jr., R.J.1    Sandel, B.R.2    Strobel, D.F.3
  • 181
    • 34147096391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vertical abundance profiles of hydrocarbons in Titan's atmosphere at 15° S and 80° N retrieved from Cassini/CIRS spectra
    • Vinatier S., and 10 colleagues. Vertical abundance profiles of hydrocarbons in Titan's atmosphere at 15° S and 80° N retrieved from Cassini/CIRS spectra. Icarus 188 (2007) 120-138
    • (2007) Icarus , vol.188 , pp. 120-138
    • Vinatier, S.1    10 colleagues2
  • 183
    • 35448961955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ion chemistry and N-containing molecules in Titan's upper atmosphere
    • Vuitton V., Yelle R.V., and McEwan M.J. Ion chemistry and N-containing molecules in Titan's upper atmosphere. Icarus 191 (2007) 722-742
    • (2007) Icarus , vol.191 , pp. 722-742
    • Vuitton, V.1    Yelle, R.V.2    McEwan, M.J.3
  • 185
    • 20844448220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ion neutral mass spectrometer results from the first flyby of Titan
    • Waite Jr. J.H., and 21 colleagues. Ion neutral mass spectrometer results from the first flyby of Titan. Science 308 (2005) 982-986
    • (2005) Science , vol.308 , pp. 982-986
    • Waite Jr., J.H.1    21 colleagues2
  • 187
    • 45149141059 scopus 로고
    • The electronic states of the azines. II. Pyridine, studied by VUV absorption, near-threshold electron energy loss spectroscopy and ab initio multi-reference configuration interaction calculations
    • Walker I.C., Palmer M.H., and Hopkirk A. The electronic states of the azines. II. Pyridine, studied by VUV absorption, near-threshold electron energy loss spectroscopy and ab initio multi-reference configuration interaction calculations. Chem. Phys. 141 (1989) 365-378
    • (1989) Chem. Phys. , vol.141 , pp. 365-378
    • Walker, I.C.1    Palmer, M.H.2    Hopkirk, A.3
  • 188
    • 0035932166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electronic excitation and ionization spectra of azabenzenes: Pyridine revisited by the symmetry-adapted cluster configuration interaction method
    • Wan J., Hada M., Ehara M., and Nakatsuji H. Electronic excitation and ionization spectra of azabenzenes: Pyridine revisited by the symmetry-adapted cluster configuration interaction method. J. Chem. Phys. 114 (2001) 5117-5125
    • (2001) J. Chem. Phys. , vol.114 , pp. 5117-5125
    • Wan, J.1    Hada, M.2    Ehara, M.3    Nakatsuji, H.4
  • 189
    • 0006938263 scopus 로고
    • Calculations of rate coefficients for the chemically activated reactions of acetylene with vinylic and aromatic radicals
    • Wang H., and Frenklach M. Calculations of rate coefficients for the chemically activated reactions of acetylene with vinylic and aromatic radicals. J. Phys. Chem. 98 (1994) 1465-1489
    • (1994) J. Phys. Chem. , vol.98 , pp. 1465-1489
    • Wang, H.1    Frenklach, M.2
  • 190
    • 0030955631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A detailed kinetic modeling study of aromatic formation in laminar premixed acetylene and ethylene flames
    • Wang H., and Frenklach M. A detailed kinetic modeling study of aromatic formation in laminar premixed acetylene and ethylene flames. Combust. Flame 110 (1997) 173-221
    • (1997) Combust. Flame , vol.110 , pp. 173-221
    • Wang, H.1    Frenklach, M.2
  • 192
    • 36749106474 scopus 로고
    • CH photodissociation and predissociation chemical lasers: Molecular electronic and vibrational laser emissions
    • West G.A., and Berry M.J. CH photodissociation and predissociation chemical lasers: Molecular electronic and vibrational laser emissions. J. Chem. Phys. 61 (1974) 4700-4710
    • (1974) J. Chem. Phys. , vol.61 , pp. 4700-4710
    • West, G.A.1    Berry, M.J.2
  • 193
  • 194
    • 0011561759 scopus 로고
    • Rate of reaction of N with CN (v = 0, 1)
    • Whyte A.R., and Phillips L.F. Rate of reaction of N with CN (v = 0, 1). Chem. Phys. Lett. 98 (1983) 590-593
    • (1983) Chem. Phys. Lett. , vol.98 , pp. 590-593
    • Whyte, A.R.1    Phillips, L.F.2
  • 196
    • 0000805493 scopus 로고
    • Rate of the reaction of atomic hydrogen with propyne over an extended pressure and temperature range
    • Whytock D.A., Payne W.A., and Stief L.J. Rate of the reaction of atomic hydrogen with propyne over an extended pressure and temperature range. J. Chem. Phys. 65 (1976) 191-195
    • (1976) J. Chem. Phys. , vol.65 , pp. 191-195
    • Whytock, D.A.1    Payne, W.A.2    Stief, L.J.3
  • 197
    • 4444373293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current state of modeling the photochemistry of Titan's mutually dependent atmosphere and ionosphere
    • 10.1029/2003JE002181 E06002
    • Wilson E.H., and Atreya S.K. Current state of modeling the photochemistry of Titan's mutually dependent atmosphere and ionosphere. J. Geophys. Res. 109 (2004) 10.1029/2003JE002181 E06002
    • (2004) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.109
    • Wilson, E.H.1    Atreya, S.K.2
  • 200
    • 0030473049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of the UARS solar ultraviolet irradiances: Comparison with the ATLAS 1 and 2 measurements
    • Woods T.N., and 15 colleagues. Validation of the UARS solar ultraviolet irradiances: Comparison with the ATLAS 1 and 2 measurements. J. Geophys. Res. 101 (1996) 9541-9569
    • (1996) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.101 , pp. 9541-9569
    • Woods, T.N.1    15 colleagues2
  • 202
    • 0001196723 scopus 로고
    • CN radical reactions with hydrogen cyanide and cyanogen: Comparison of theory and experiment
    • Yang D.L., Yu T., Lin M.C., and Melius C.F. CN radical reactions with hydrogen cyanide and cyanogen: Comparison of theory and experiment. J. Chem. Phys. 97 (1992) 222-226
    • (1992) J. Chem. Phys. , vol.97 , pp. 222-226
    • Yang, D.L.1    Yu, T.2    Lin, M.C.3    Melius, C.F.4
  • 204
    • 57649129448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methane escape from Titan's atmosphere
    • 10.1029/2007JE003031 E10003
    • Yelle R.V., Cui J., and Müller-Wodarg I.C.F. Methane escape from Titan's atmosphere. J. Geophys. Res. 113 (2008) 10.1029/2007JE003031 E10003
    • (2008) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.113
    • Yelle, R.V.1    Cui, J.2    Müller-Wodarg, I.C.F.3
  • 205
    • 0023457356 scopus 로고
    • An update of nitrile photochemistry
    • Yung Y.L. An update of nitrile photochemistry. Icarus 72 (1987) 468-472
    • (1987) Icarus , vol.72 , pp. 468-472
    • Yung, Y.L.1
  • 206
    • 4243580805 scopus 로고
    • Photochemistry of the atmosphere of Titan: Comparison between model and observations
    • Yung Y.L., Allen M., and Pinto J.P. Photochemistry of the atmosphere of Titan: Comparison between model and observations. Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 55 (1984) 465-506
    • (1984) Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. , vol.55 , pp. 465-506
    • Yung, Y.L.1    Allen, M.2    Pinto, J.P.3
  • 208
    • 0010893982 scopus 로고
    • Direct measurement of rate constants for the reactions of CH and CD with HCN and DCN
    • Zabarnick S., Fleming J.W., and Lin M.C. Direct measurement of rate constants for the reactions of CH and CD with HCN and DCN. Chem. Phys. 150 (1991) 109-115
    • (1991) Chem. Phys. , vol.150 , pp. 109-115
    • Zabarnick, S.1    Fleming, J.W.2    Lin, M.C.3
  • 211
    • 0000270821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metastable diacetylene reactions as routes to large hydrocarbons in Titan's atmosphere
    • Zwier T.S., and Allen M. Metastable diacetylene reactions as routes to large hydrocarbons in Titan's atmosphere. Icarus 123 (1996) 578-583
    • (1996) Icarus , vol.123 , pp. 578-583
    • Zwier, T.S.1    Allen, M.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.