Using a validation process to develop market segmentation based on travel motivation for major metropolitan areas

Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing

Volumn 26, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 60-79

  Boo, Soyoung ^a   Jones, David L ^b  

^a GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b HONG KONG POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY   (Hong Kong)

Author keywords

Cluster analysis; Discriminant analysis; Market segmentation; Travel motivation

Indexed keywords

EID: 62149144401     PISSN: 10548408     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/10548400802656801     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Andreu, L., Kozak, M., Avci, N. and Clifter, N. (2005) Market segmentation by motivations to travel: British tourists visiting Turkey. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 19:1, pp. 1-14.
2. Awaritefe, O. D. (2003) Destination environment quality & tourists' spatial behavior in Nigeria: A case study of Third World Tropical Africa. The International Journal of Tourism Research, 5:4, pp. 251-268.
3. Axelsen, M. (2006) Using special events to motivate visitors to attend art galleries. Museum Management & Curatorship, 21:3, pp. 205-221.
4. Baloglu, S. and Uysal, M. (1996) Market segments of push and pull motivations: A canonical correlation approach. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 8:3, pp. 32-38.
5. Bello, D. C. and Etzel, M. J. (1985) The role of novelty in the pleasure travel experience. Journal of Travel Research, 24:1, pp. 20-26.
6. Bieger, T. and Laesser, C. (2002) Market segmentation by motivation: The Case of Switzerland. Journal of Travel Research, 41:1, pp. 68-76.
7. Bowen, H. E. and Daniels, M. J. (2005) Does the music matter? Motivations for attending a music festival. Event Management, 9:3, pp. 155-164.
8. Cha, S., McCleary, K. W. and Uysal, M. (1995) Travel motivations of Japanese overseas travelers: A factor-cluster segmentation approach. Journal of Travel Research, 34:1, pp. 33-39.
9. Chang, J. and Chang, C. H. (2006) Segmenting American and Japanese tourists on novelty seeking at night markets in Taiwan. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 11:4, pp. 391-406.
10. Chon, K. S. (1989) Understanding recreational traveler's motivation, attitude and satisfaction. Tourism Review, 44:1, pp. 3-7.
11. Costello, A. B. and Osborne, J. W. (2005) Best practices in exploratory factor analysis: Four recommendations for getting the most from your analysis. Practical Assessment Research & Evaluation, 10:7, pp. 1-9.
12. Crompton, J. L. (1979) Motivations for pleasure vacation. Annals of Tourism Research, 6:4, pp. 408-424.
13. Dann, G. M. S. (1981) Tourism motivation: An appraisal. Annals of Tourism Research, 8:2, pp. 187-219.
14. Echtner, C. M. and Ritchie, J. R. B. (1991) The meaning and measurement of destination image. Journal of Tourism Studies, 2:2, pp. 2-12.
15. Etzel, M. J., Walker, B. J. and Stanton, W. J. (2001) Marketing, McGraw-Hill/Irwin, New York
16. Fish, M. and Waggle, D. (1996) Current income versus total expenditure measures in regression models of vacation and pleasure travel. Journal of Travel Research, 35:2, pp. 70-74.
17. Fodness, D. (1994) Measuring tourist motivation. Annals of Tourism Research, 21:3, pp. 555-581.
18. Funk, D. C. and Bruun, T. J. (2007) The role of socio-psychological and culture-education motives in marketing international sport tourism: A cross-cultural perspective. Tourism Management, 28:3, pp. 806-819.
19. Gitelson, J. R. and Kerstetter, D. L. (1990) The relationship between socio-demographic variables, benefits sought and subsequent vacation behavior: A case study. Journal of Travel Research, 28:3, pp. 24-29.
20. Hair, J. F., Tatham, R., Anderson, R. E. and Black, W. (1998) Multivariate data analysis, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
21. Hankinson, G. (2005) Destination brand images: A business tourism perspective. The Journal of Services Marketing, 19:1, pp. 24-32.
22. Holden, A. and Sparrowhawk, J. (2002) Understanding the motivations of ecotourists: The case of trekkers in Annapurna, Nepal. The International Journal of Tourism Research, 4:6, pp. 435-446.
23. Horneman, L., Carter, R. W., Wei, S. and Ruys, H. (2002) Profiling the senior traveler: An Australian perspective. Journal of Travel Research, 41:1, pp. 23-37.
24. Judith, C. (1999) Hotel online-Special report
25. Kim, H., Borges, M. C. and Chon, J. (2006) Impacts of environmental values on tourism motivation: The case of FICA, Brazil. Tourism Management, 27:5, pp. 957-967.
26. Kim, K., Noh, J. and Jogaratnam, G. (2006) Multi-destination segmentation based on push and pull motives: Pleasure trips of students at a U.S. University. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 21:2, pp. 19-32.
27. Kim, N. S. and Chalip, L. (2004) Why travel to the FIFA World Cup? Effects of motives, background, interest, and constraints. Tourism Management, 25:6, pp. 695-707.
28. Kozak, M. (2001) Repeaters' behavior at two distinct destinations. Annals of Tourism Research, 28:3, pp. 784-807.
29. Kozak, M. (2002) Comparative analysis of tourist motivations by nationality and destinations. Tourism Management, 23:3, pp. 221-232.
30. Leblanc, M. (2003) Tourist characteristics and their interest in attending festivals & events: An Anglophone/Francophone case study of New Brunswick, Canada. Event Management, 8:4, pp. 203-212.
31. Lee, C. K. (2000) A comparative study of Caucasian and Asian visitors to a Cultural Expo in an Asian setting. Tourism Management, 21:2, pp. 169-176.
32. McCleary, K. W., Weaver, P. A. and Meng, F. (2006) Dance as a tourism activity: Demographics, demand, characteristics, motivation, and segmentation. Tourism Analysis, 10:3, pp. 277-290.
33. McKercher, B. and du Cros, H. (2003) Testing a cultural tourism typology. The International Journal of Tourism Research, 5:1, pp. 45-58.
34. Molera, L. and Albaladejo, I. P. (2007) Profiling segments of tourists in rural areas of South-Eastern Spain. Tourism Management, 28:3, pp. 757-767.
35. Murphy, L., Benckendorff, P. and Moscardo, G. (2007) Linking travel motivation, tourist self-image and destination brand personality. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 22:2, pp. 45-59.
36. Nunnally, J. C. (1978) Psychometric theory, McGraw-Hill, New York
37. Oh, H. C., Uysal, M. and Weaver, P. (1995) Product bundles and market segments based on travel motivations: A canonical correlation approach. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 14:2, pp. 123-137.
38. Pearce, P. L. and Lee, U. -I. (2005) Developing the travel career approach to tourist motivation. Journal of Travel Research, 43, pp. 226-237.
39. Peterson, M. and Lambert, S. L. (2003) A demographic perspective on U.S. consumers' out-of-town vacationing and commercial lodging usage while on vacation. Journal of Travel Research, 42:2, pp. 116-124.
40. Poria, Y., Reichel, A. and Biran, A. (2006) Heritage site management: Motivations and expectations. Annals of Tourism Research, 33:1, pp. 162-178.
41. Prebensen, N. K. (2005) Segmenting the group tourist heading for warmer weather: A Norwegian example. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 19:4, pp. 27-40.
42. Purdue, R. R. (1986) Duplicate listing sampling bias in visitor surveys. Annals of Tourism Research, 13:2, pp. 261-278.
43. Richards, G. (2002) Tourism attraction systems: Exploring cultural behavior. Annals of Tourism Research, 29:4, pp. 1048-1064.
44. Rittichainuwat, B. N., Qu, H. and Leong, J. K. (2003) The collective impacts of a bundle of travel determinants on repeat visitation. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 27:2, pp. 217-236.
45. Russ, A. and Kirkpatrick, C. (1982) Marketing, Little, Brown and Company, Boston
46. Sellick, M. C. (2004) Discovery, connection, nostalgia: Key travel motives within the senior market. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 17:1, pp. 55-71.
47. Severt, D., Wang, Y., Chen, P. J. and Breiter, D. (2007) Examining the motivation, perceived performance, and behavioral intentions of convention attendees: Evidence from a regional conference. Tourism Management, 28:2, pp. 399-408.
48. Sharpley, R. and Sundaram, P. (2005) Tourism: A sacred journey? The case of ashram tourism, India. International Journal of Tourism Research, 7:3, pp. 161-171.
49. Shoemaker, S. (1989) Segmentation of the senior pleasure travel market. Journal of Travel Research, 27:3, pp. 14-21.
50. Sirakaya, E., Uysal, M. and Yoshioka, C. F. (2003) Segmenting the Japanese tour market to Turkey. Journal of Travel Research, 41:3, pp. 293-304.
51. Tabachnick, B. G. and Fidell, L. S. (2001) Using multivariate statistics, HarperCollins, New York
52. Tasci, A. D., Aziz, A. and Holecek, D. F. (2003) Characteristics and potential of midwestern package travelers. Proceedings of the Travel and Tourism Research Association 34th Annual Conference, Travel and Tourism Research Association, Boise, ID
53. Uysal, M. and Hagan, L. A. R. (1993) Motivation for pleasure travel and tourism. VNR's encyclopedia of hospitality and tourism, pp. 798-810. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York
54. Westbrook, R. A. and Oliver, R. L. (1991) The dimensionality of consumption emotion patterns and customer satisfaction. Journal of Consumer Research, 18:1, pp. 84-91.
55. Yuan, S. and McDonald, C. (1990) Motivational determinates of international pleasure time. Journal of Travel Research, 29:1, pp. 42-44.
56. Yuan, J., Cai, L., Morrison, A. and Linton, S. (2005) An analysis of wine festival attendees' motivations: A synergy of wine, travel and special events?. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 11:1, pp. 41-58.