Effects of transient combustion conditions on the formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and benzenes, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during municipal solid waste incineration

Environmental Engineering Science

Volumn 26, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 509-520

  Aurell, Johanna ^a   Fick, Jerker ^a   Marklund, Stellan ^a  

^a UMEÅ UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Congener pattern; PAH; PCBz; PCDD F; Transient combustion; Waste incineration

Indexed keywords

COMBUSTION CONDITIONS; CONGENER PATTERN; DE NOVO SYNTHESIS; DIBENZOFURANS; ELEVATED CONCENTRATIONS; FLUIDIZED-BED REACTORS; HOMOLOGUE PROFILES; MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE INCINERATIONS; MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTES; NORMAL COMBUSTIONS; PAH; PCBZ; PCDD/F; PCDD/FS; PCDD/PCDF; POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS; POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZOFURANS; POST COMBUSTIONS; POST TRANSIENTS;

AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS; BENZENE; COMBUSTION SYNTHESIS; CONCENTRATION (PROCESS); FLUIDIZATION; FLUIDIZED BED COMBUSTION; FLUIDIZED BEDS; ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS; REFUSE INCINERATORS; SMOKE; SOLID WASTES; THERMOCHEMISTRY;

WASTE INCINERATION;

EID: 61949286998     PISSN: 10928758     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1089/ees.2008.0032     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Addink, R., Cnubben, P.A.J.P., and Olie, K. (1995). Formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans on fly ash from precursors and carbon model compounds. Carbon 33(10), 1463-1471.
2. Addink, R., Govers, H.A.J., and Olie, K. (1998). Isomer distributions of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans formed during de novo synthesis on incinerator fly ash. Environ. Sci. Technol. 32, 1888-1893.
3. Blumenstock, M., Zimmermann, R., Schramm, K.-W., and Kettrup, A. (2000). Influence of combustion conditions on the PCDD/F-, PCB-, PCBz- and PAH-concentrations in the post-combustion chamber of a waste incineration pilot plant. Chemosphere 40, 987-993.
4. European Committee for Standardization EN 1948:1-3. (1997) Stationary source emissions - Determination of the mass concentration of PCDDs/PCDFs.
5. Everaert, K., and Baeyens, J. (2002). The formation and emission of dioxins in large scale thermal processes. Chemosphere 46, 439-448.
6. Gass, C.H., Luder, K., and Wilken, M. (2002). PCDD/F-emissions during cold start-up and shut-down of a municipal waste incinerator. Organohalogen compounds 56, 193-196.
7. Ghorishi, S.B., and Altwicker, E.R. (1996). Rapid formation of polychlorinated dioxins/furans during the heterogeneous combustion of 1,2-dichlorobenzene and 2,4-dichlorophenol. Chemosphere 32, 133.
8. Hell, K., Stieglitz, L., and Dinjus, E. (2001). Mechanistic aspects of the de-novo synthesis of PCDD/PCDF on model mixtures and MSWI fly ashes using amorphous 12C- and 13C-labeled carbon. Environ. Sci. Technol. 35, 3892.
9. Huang, H., and Buekens, A. (1995). On the mechanisms of dioxin formation in combustion processe. Chemosphere 31, 4099.
10. Hunsinger, H., Jay, K., and Vehlow, J. (2002). Formation and destruction of PCDD/F inside a grate furnace. Chemosphere 46, 1263.
11. Iino, F., Imagawa, T., Takeuchi, M., and Sadakata, M. (1999). De novo synthesis mechanism of polychlorinated dibenzofurans from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and the characteristic isomers of polychlorinated naphthalenes. Environ. Sci. Technol. 33, 1038.
12. Liljelind, P., Söderström, G., Hedman, B., Karlsson, S., Lundin, L., and Marklund, S. (2003). Method for multiresidue determination of halogenated aromatics and PAHs in combustion-related samples. Environ. Sci. Technol. 37, 3680.
13. Luijk, R., Akkerman, D.M., Slot, P., Olie, K., and Kapteijn, F. (1994). Mechanism of formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in the catalyzed combustion of carbon. Environ. Sci. Technol. 28, 312.
14. 2-catalyzed condensation of 2,6 chlorinated phenols. Combust. Sci. Technol. 169, 107.
15. Neuer-Etscheidt, K., Nordsieck, H.O., Liu, Y., Kettrup, A., and Zimmermann, R. (2006). PCDD/F and other micropollutants in MSWI crude gas and ashes during plant start-up and shutdown processes. Environ. Sci. Technol. 40, 342.
16. Oh, J.-E., Gullett, B.K., Ryan, S., and TouatI, A. (2007). Mechanistic relationships among PCDD/Fs, PCNs, PAHs, CIPhs, and CIBzs in municipal waste incineration. Environ. Sci. Technol. 41, 4705.
17. Ryu, J.-Y., and Mulholland, J.A. (2005). Metal-mediated chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (CDD) and dibenzofuran (CDF) formation from phenols. Chemosphere 58, 977.
18. Ryu, J.-Y., Mulholland, J.A., Dunn, J.E., Iino F., and Gullett, B.K. (2004). Potential role of chlorination pathways in PCDD/F formation in a municipal waste incinerator. Environ. Sci. Technol. 38, 5112.
19. Ryu, J.-Y., Mulholland, J.A., Kim, D.H., and Takeuchi, M. (2005). Homologue and isomer patterns of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans from phenol precursors: Comparison with municipal waste incinerator data. Environ. Sci. Technol. 39, 4398.
20. Sidhu, S.S., Maqsud, L., and Dellinger, B. (1995). The homogeneous, gas-phase formation of chlorinated and brominated dibenzo-p-dioxin from 2,4,6-trichloro- and 2,4,6-tribromophenols. Combust. Flame 100, 11.
21. Weber, R., Iino, F., Imagwa, T., Takeuchi, M., Sakurai, T., and Sadakata, M. (2001). Formation of PCDF, PCDD, PCB, and PCN in de novo synthesis from PAH: Mechanistic aspects and correlation to fluidized bed incinerators. Chemosphere 44, 1429.
22. Weber, R., Sakurai, T., Ueno, S., and Nishino, J. (2002). Correlation of PCDD/PCDF and CO values in a MSW incinerator-indication of memory effects in the high temperature/cooling section. Chemosphere 49, 127.
23. Wikström, E., Andersson, P., and Marklund, S. (1998). Design of a laboratory scale fluidized bed reactor. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 69, 1850.
24. Wikström, E., and Marklund, S. (1998). Combustion of an artificial municipal solid waste in a laboratory fluidized bed reactor. Waste Manage. Res. 16, 342.
25. Zimmermann, R., Blumenstock, M., Heger, H.J., Schramm, K.-W., and Kettrup, A. (2001). Emission of nonchlorinated and chlorinated aromatics in the flue gas of incineration plants during and after transient disturbances of combustion conditions: Delayed emission effects. Environ. Sci. Technol. 35, 1019.