메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 182, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 811-819

Tuberculosis-induced variant IL-4 mRNA encodes a cytokine functioning as growth factor for (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-but-2-enyl pyrophosphate-specific Vγ2Vδ2 T cells

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

4 HYDROXY 3 METHYL BUT 2 ENYLPYROPHOSPHATE; ANTIGEN; INTERLEUKIN 4; INTERLEUKIN 4 RECEPTOR ALPHA; MESSENGER RNA; PROLINE; PYROPHOSPHORIC ACID DERIVATIVE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VARIANT INTERLEUKIN 4; 4 HYDROXY 3 METHYLBUT 2 ENYL PYROPHOSPHATE; 4-HYDROXY-3-METHYLBUT-2-ENYL PYROPHOSPHATE; INTERLEUKIN 4 VARIANT; INTERLEUKIN-4 VARIANT; LYMPHOCYTE ANTIGEN RECEPTOR; PYROPHOSPHATE; SIGNAL PEPTIDE;

EID: 60549095318     PISSN: 00221767     EISSN: 15506606     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.182.2.811     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (12)

References (56)
  • 1
    • 0028980812 scopus 로고
    • Differential production of interferon-γ and interleukin-4 in response to Th1- and Th2-stimulating pathogens by γ δT cells in vivo
    • Ferrick, D. A., M. D. Schrenzel, T. Mulvania, B. Hsieh, W. G. Ferlin, and H. Lepper. 1995. Differential production of interferon-γ and interleukin-4 in response to Th1- and Th2-stimulating pathogens by γ δT cells in vivo. Nature 373: 255-257.
    • (1995) Nature , vol.373 , pp. 255-257
    • Ferrick, D.A.1    Schrenzel, M.D.2    Mulvania, T.3    Hsieh, B.4    Ferlin, W.G.5    Lepper, H.6
  • 2
    • 0023667058 scopus 로고
    • B cell stimulatory factor-1/interleukin-4 mRNA is expressed by normal and transformed mast cells
    • Brown, M. A., J. H. Pierce, C. J. Watson, J. Falco, J. N. Ihle, and W. E. Paul. 1987. B cell stimulatory factor-1/interleukin-4 mRNA is expressed by normal and transformed mast cells. Cell 50: 809-818.
    • (1987) Cell , vol.50 , pp. 809-818
    • Brown, M.A.1    Pierce, J.H.2    Watson, C.J.3    Falco, J.4    Ihle, J.N.5    Paul, W.E.6
  • 3
    • 0028278699 scopus 로고
    • Secretion of IL-4 from human basophils: The relationship between IL-4 mRNA and protein in resting and stimulated basophils
    • MacGlashan, D., Jr., J. M. White, S. K. Huang, S. J. Ono, J. T. Schroeder, and L. M. Lichtenstein. 1994. Secretion of IL-4 from human basophils: the relationship between IL-4 mRNA and protein in resting and stimulated basophils. J. Immunol. 152: 3006-3016.
    • (1994) J. Immunol , vol.152 , pp. 3006-3016
    • MacGlashan Jr., D.1    White, J.M.2    Huang, S.K.3    Ono, S.J.4    Schroeder, J.T.5    Lichtenstein, L.M.6
  • 4
    • 0025764757 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-4: A prototypic immunoregulatory lymphokine
    • Paul, W. E. 1991. Interleukin-4: a prototypic immunoregulatory lymphokine. Blood 77: 1859-1870.
    • (1991) Blood , vol.77 , pp. 1859-1870
    • Paul, W.E.1
  • 5
    • 0025222698 scopus 로고
    • IL-4 directs the development of Th2-like helper effectors
    • Swain, S. L., A. D. Weinberg, M. English, and G. Huston. 1990. IL-4 directs the development of Th2-like helper effectors. J. Immunol. 145: 3796-3806.
    • (1990) J. Immunol , vol.145 , pp. 3796-3806
    • Swain, S.L.1    Weinberg, A.D.2    English, M.3    Huston, G.4
  • 6
    • 0027884911 scopus 로고
    • Identification of an alternatively spliced transcript of human interleukin-4 lacking the sequence encoded by exon 2
    • Sorg, R. V., J. Enczmann, U. R. Sorg, E. M. Schneider, and P. Wernet. 1993. Identification of an alternatively spliced transcript of human interleukin-4 lacking the sequence encoded by exon 2. Exp. Hematol. 21: 560-563.
    • (1993) Exp. Hematol , vol.21 , pp. 560-563
    • Sorg, R.V.1    Enczmann, J.2    Sorg, U.R.3    Schneider, E.M.4    Wernet, P.5
  • 7
    • 0030052465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An alternative splice variant of human IL-4, IL-4 δ 2, inhibits IL-4-stimulated T cell proliferation
    • Atamas, S. P., J. Choi, V. V. Yurovsky, and B. White. 1996. An alternative splice variant of human IL-4, IL-4 δ 2, inhibits IL-4-stimulated T cell proliferation. J. Immunol. 156: 435-441.
    • (1996) J. Immunol , vol.156 , pp. 435-441
    • Atamas, S.P.1    Choi, J.2    Yurovsky, V.V.3    White, B.4
  • 8
    • 0029994459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generation of a variant of human interleukin-4 by alternative splicing
    • Alms, W. J., S. P. Atamas, V. V. Yurovsky, and B. White. 1996. Generation of a variant of human interleukin-4 by alternative splicing. Mol. Immunol. 33: 361-370.
    • (1996) Mol. Immunol , vol.33 , pp. 361-370
    • Alms, W.J.1    Atamas, S.P.2    Yurovsky, V.V.3    White, B.4
  • 12
    • 34548307280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human γ δT cells: Candidates for the development of immunotherapeutic strategies
    • Beetz, S., L. Marischen, D. Kabelitz, and D. Wesch. 2007. Human γ δT cells: candidates for the development of immunotherapeutic strategies. Immunol. Res. 37: 97-111.
    • (2007) Immunol. Res , vol.37 , pp. 97-111
    • Beetz, S.1    Marischen, L.2    Kabelitz, D.3    Wesch, D.4
  • 13
  • 17
    • 0036690439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mevalonate and nonmevalonate pathways for the biosynthesis of isoprene units
    • Kuzuyama, T. 2002. Mevalonate and nonmevalonate pathways for the biosynthesis of isoprene units. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 66: 1619-1627.
    • (2002) Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem , vol.66 , pp. 1619-1627
    • Kuzuyama, T.1
  • 18
    • 58149294027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Definition of APC presentation of phosphoantigen (E)-4-hydroxy-3- methyl-but-2-enyl pyrophosphate to Vγ2Vδ2 TCR
    • Wei, H., D. Huang, X. Lai, M. Chen, W. Zhong, R. Wang, and Z. W. Chen. 2008. Definition of APC presentation of phosphoantigen (E)-4-hydroxy-3- methyl-but-2-enyl pyrophosphate to Vγ2Vδ2 TCR. J. Immunol. 181: 4798-4806.
    • (2008) J. Immunol , vol.181 , pp. 4798-4806
    • Wei, H.1    Huang, D.2    Lai, X.3    Chen, M.4    Zhong, W.5    Wang, R.6    Chen, Z.W.7
  • 19
    • 39349117802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prolonged (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-but-2-enyl pyrophosphate-driven antimicrobial and cytotoxic responses of pulmonary and systemic Vγ2Vδ2 T cells in macaques
    • Ali, Z., L. Shao, L. Halliday, A. Reichenberg, M. Hintz, H. Jomaa, and Z. W. Chen. 2007. Prolonged (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-but-2-enyl pyrophosphate-driven antimicrobial and cytotoxic responses of pulmonary and systemic Vγ2Vδ2 T cells in macaques. J. Immunol. 179: 8287-8296.
    • (2007) J. Immunol , vol.179 , pp. 8287-8296
    • Ali, Z.1    Shao, L.2    Halliday, L.3    Reichenberg, A.4    Hintz, M.5    Jomaa, H.6    Chen, Z.W.7
  • 20
    • 37749050725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune distribution and localization of phosphoantigen-specific Vγ2Vδ2 T cells in lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection
    • Huang, D., Y. Shen, L. Qiu, C. Y. Chen, L. Shen, J. Estep, R. Hunt, D. Vasconcelos, G. Du, P. Aye, et al. 2008. Immune distribution and localization of phosphoantigen-specific Vγ2Vδ2 T cells in lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Infect. Immun. 76: 426-436.
    • (2008) Infect. Immun , vol.76 , pp. 426-436
    • Huang, D.1    Shen, Y.2    Qiu, L.3    Chen, C.Y.4    Shen, L.5    Estep, J.6    Hunt, R.7    Vasconcelos, D.8    Du, G.9    Aye, P.10
  • 22
    • 0032921743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation by cytokines (IL-12, IL-15, IL-4 and IL-10) of the Vγ9Vδ2 T cell response to mycobacterial phosphoantigens in responder and anergic HIV-infected persons
    • Boullier, S., Y. Poquet, T. Debord, J. J. Fournie, and M. L. Gougeon. 1999. Regulation by cytokines (IL-12, IL-15, IL-4 and IL-10) of the Vγ9Vδ2 T cell response to mycobacterial phosphoantigens in responder and anergic HIV-infected persons. Eur. J. Immunol. 29: 90-99.
    • (1999) Eur. J. Immunol , vol.29 , pp. 90-99
    • Boullier, S.1    Poquet, Y.2    Debord, T.3    Fournie, J.J.4    Gougeon, M.L.5
  • 23
    • 33947652324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinct cytokine-driven responses of activated blood γδ T cells: Insights into unconventional T cell pleiotropy
    • Vermijlen, D., P. Ellis, C. Langford, A. Klein, R. Engel, K. Willimann, H. Jomaa, A. C. Hayday, and M. Eberl. 2007. Distinct cytokine-driven responses of activated blood γδ T cells: insights into unconventional T cell pleiotropy. J. Immunol. 178: 4304-4314.
    • (2007) J. Immunol , vol.178 , pp. 4304-4314
    • Vermijlen, D.1    Ellis, P.2    Langford, C.3    Klein, A.4    Engel, R.5    Willimann, K.6    Jomaa, H.7    Hayday, A.C.8    Eberl, M.9
  • 24
    • 75149160424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severe TB induced unbalanced gene networks, over-expressions of IL-22, MIP-1δ, CCL27, IP-10, CCR4, CCR5, CXCR3, PD1, PDL2, IL-3, IFN-β, Tim1, TLR2, but low cellular immune responses
    • Qiu, L., D. Huang, C. Y. Chen, R. Wang, L. Shen, J. Estep, R. Hunt, N. L. Letvin, G. Du, and Z. W. Chen. 2008. Severe TB induced unbalanced gene networks, over-expressions of IL-22, MIP-1δ, CCL27, IP-10, CCR4, CCR5, CXCR3, PD1, PDL2, IL-3, IFN-β, Tim1, TLR2, but low cellular immune responses. J. Infect. Dis. 22: 2241-2250.
    • (2008) J. Infect. Dis , vol.22 , pp. 2241-2250
    • Qiu, L.1    Huang, D.2    Chen, C.Y.3    Wang, R.4    Shen, L.5    Estep, J.6    Hunt, R.7    Letvin, N.L.8    Du, G.9    Chen, Z.W.10
  • 25
    • 10044284505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical latency and reactivation of AIDS-related mycobacterial infections
    • Shen, Y., L. Shen, P. Sehgal, D. Huang, L. Qiu, G. Du, N. L. Letvin, and Z. W. Chen. 2004. Clinical latency and reactivation of AIDS-related mycobacterial infections. J. Virol. 78: 14023-14032.
    • (2004) J. Virol , vol.78 , pp. 14023-14032
    • Shen, Y.1    Shen, L.2    Sehgal, P.3    Huang, D.4    Qiu, L.5    Du, G.6    Letvin, N.L.7    Chen, Z.W.8
  • 28
    • 0029129385 scopus 로고
    • Comparative sequence analysis of cytokine genes from human and nonhuman primates
    • Villinger, F., S. S. Brar, A. Mayne, N. Chikkala, and A. A. Ansari. 1995. Comparative sequence analysis of cytokine genes from human and nonhuman primates. J. Immunol. 155: 3946-3954.
    • (1995) J. Immunol , vol.155 , pp. 3946-3954
    • Villinger, F.1    Brar, S.S.2    Mayne, A.3    Chikkala, N.4    Ansari, A.A.5
  • 29
    • 0028952380 scopus 로고
    • Involvement of the interleukin-2 receptor γ subunit in interleukin-4-dependent activation of mouse hematopoietic cells and splenic B cells
    • Watanabe, S., M. Kondo, K. Takatsu, K. Sugamura, and K. Arai. 1995. Involvement of the interleukin-2 receptor γ subunit in interleukin-4-dependent activation of mouse hematopoietic cells and splenic B cells. Eur. J. Immunol. 25: 126-131.
    • (1995) Eur. J. Immunol , vol.25 , pp. 126-131
    • Watanabe, S.1    Kondo, M.2    Takatsu, K.3    Sugamura, K.4    Arai, K.5
  • 30
    • 0025780999 scopus 로고
    • Site-directed mutagenesis reveals the importance of disulfide bridges and aromatic residues for structure and proliferative activity of human interleukin-4
    • Kruse, N., T. Lehrnbecher, and W. Sebald. 1991. Site-directed mutagenesis reveals the importance of disulfide bridges and aromatic residues for structure and proliferative activity of human interleukin-4. FEBS Lett. 286: 58-60.
    • (1991) FEBS Lett , vol.286 , pp. 58-60
    • Kruse, N.1    Lehrnbecher, T.2    Sebald, W.3
  • 31
    • 33747866099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DISULFIND: A disulfide bonding state and cysteine connectivity prediction server
    • Ceroni, A., A. Passerini, A. Vullo, and P. Frasconi. 2006. DISULFIND: a disulfide bonding state and cysteine connectivity prediction server. Nucleic Acids Res. 34: W177-W181.
    • (2006) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.34
    • Ceroni, A.1    Passerini, A.2    Vullo, A.3    Frasconi, P.4
  • 32
    • 0023202715 scopus 로고
    • High-efficiency purification and chemical characterization of B cell stimulatory factor-1/interleukin 4
    • Ohara, J., J. E. Coligan, K. Zoon, W. L. Maloy, and W. E. Paul. 1987. High-efficiency purification and chemical characterization of B cell stimulatory factor-1/interleukin 4. J. Immunol. 139: 1127-1134.
    • (1987) J. Immunol , vol.139 , pp. 1127-1134
    • Ohara, J.1    Coligan, J.E.2    Zoon, K.3    Maloy, W.L.4    Paul, W.E.5
  • 34
    • 0023943656 scopus 로고
    • Expression, renaturation and purification of recombinant human interleukin 4 from Escherichia coli
    • van Kimmenade, A., M. W. Bond, J. H. Schumacher, C. Laquoi, and R. A. Kastelein. 1988. Expression, renaturation and purification of recombinant human interleukin 4 from Escherichia coli. Eur J. Biochem. 173: 109-114.
    • (1988) Eur J. Biochem , vol.173 , pp. 109-114
    • van Kimmenade, A.1    Bond, M.W.2    Schumacher, J.H.3    Laquoi, C.4    Kastelein, R.A.5
  • 35
    • 0023004932 scopus 로고
    • Pre-mRNA splicing
    • Green, M. R. 1986. Pre-mRNA splicing. Annu. Rev. Genet. 20: 671-708.
    • (1986) Annu. Rev. Genet , vol.20 , pp. 671-708
    • Green, M.R.1
  • 36
    • 0029817355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification and characterization of two alternative splice variants of human interleukin-2
    • Tsytsikov, V. N., V. V. Yurovsky, S. P. Atamas, W. J. Alms, and B. White. 1996. Identification and characterization of two alternative splice variants of human interleukin-2. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 23055-23060.
    • (1996) J. Biol. Chem , vol.271 , pp. 23055-23060
    • Tsytsikov, V.N.1    Yurovsky, V.V.2    Atamas, S.P.3    Alms, W.J.4    White, B.5
  • 37
    • 0028788706 scopus 로고
    • Detection and analysis of an alternatively spliced isoform of interleukin-6 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells
    • Kestler, D. P., S. Agarwal, J. Cobb, K. M. Goldstein, and R. E. Hall. 1995. Detection and analysis of an alternatively spliced isoform of interleukin-6 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Blood 86: 4559-4567.
    • (1995) Blood , vol.86 , pp. 4559-4567
    • Kestler, D.P.1    Agarwal, S.2    Cobb, J.3    Goldstein, K.M.4    Hall, R.E.5
  • 38
    • 2442732585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extensive alternative splicing of interleukin-7 in malignant hematopoietic cells: Implication of distinct isoforms in modulating IL-7 activity
    • Korte, A., A. Moricke, B. Beyermann, J. Kochling, T. Taube, C. Kebelmann-Betzing, G. Henze, and K. Seeger. 1999. Extensive alternative splicing of interleukin-7 in malignant hematopoietic cells: implication of distinct isoforms in modulating IL-7 activity. J. Interferon. Cytokine Res. 19: 495-503.
    • (1999) J. Interferon. Cytokine Res , vol.19 , pp. 495-503
    • Korte, A.1    Moricke, A.2    Beyermann, B.3    Kochling, J.4    Taube, T.5    Kebelmann-Betzing, C.6    Henze, G.7    Seeger, K.8
  • 40
    • 18744395268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cloning of interleukin-4 δ2 splice variant (IL-4δ2) in chimpanzee and cynomolgus macaque: Phylogenetic analysis of δ2 splice variant appearance, and implications for the study of IL-4-driven immune processes
    • Gautherot, I., N. Burdin, D. Seguin, L. Aujame, and R. Sodoyer. 2002. Cloning of interleukin-4 δ2 splice variant (IL-4δ2) in chimpanzee and cynomolgus macaque: phylogenetic analysis of δ2 splice variant appearance, and implications for the study of IL-4-driven immune processes. Immunogenetics 54: 635-644.
    • (2002) Immunogenetics , vol.54 , pp. 635-644
    • Gautherot, I.1    Burdin, N.2    Seguin, D.3    Aujame, L.4    Sodoyer, R.5
  • 41
    • 0033922796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The complete cDNA sequences of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 from the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
    • Perkins, H. D., B. H. van Leeuwen, C. M. Hardy, and P. J. Kerr. 2000. The complete cDNA sequences of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 from the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Cytokine 12: 555-565.
    • (2000) Cytokine , vol.12 , pp. 555-565
    • Perkins, H.D.1    van Leeuwen, B.H.2    Hardy, C.M.3    Kerr, P.J.4
  • 43
    • 0346786232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of interleukin 4, interleukin 4 splice variants and interferon γ mRNA in calves experimentally infected with Fasciola hepatica
    • Waldvogel, A. S., M. F. Lepage, A. Zakher, M. P. Reichel, R. Eicher, and V. T. Heussler. 2004. Expression of interleukin 4, interleukin 4 splice variants and interferon γ mRNA in calves experimentally infected with Fasciola hepatica. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 97: 53-63.
    • (2004) Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol , vol.97 , pp. 53-63
    • Waldvogel, A.S.1    Lepage, M.F.2    Zakher, A.3    Reichel, M.P.4    Eicher, R.5    Heussler, V.T.6
  • 45
    • 0031457622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Signaling through scaffold, anchoring, and adaptor proteins
    • Pawson, T., and J. D. Scott. 1997. Signaling through scaffold, anchoring, and adaptor proteins. Science 278: 2075-2080.
    • (1997) Science , vol.278 , pp. 2075-2080
    • Pawson, T.1    Scott, J.D.2
  • 46
    • 0013033597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The structure and function of proline recognition domains
    • Zarrinpar, A., R. P. Bhattacharyya, and W. A. Lim. 2003. The structure and function of proline recognition domains. Sci. STKE 2003: RE8.
    • (2003) Sci. STKE , vol.2003
    • Zarrinpar, A.1    Bhattacharyya, R.P.2    Lim, W.A.3
  • 47
    • 0035030510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SH3 domains: Complexity in moderation
    • Mayer, B. J. 2001. SH3 domains: complexity in moderation. J. Cell Sci. 114: 1253-1263.
    • (2001) J. Cell Sci , vol.114 , pp. 1253-1263
    • Mayer, B.J.1
  • 48
    • 0033950079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of being proline: The interaction of proline-rich motifs in signaling proteins with their cognate domains
    • Kay, B. K., M. P. Williamson, and M. Sudol. 2000. The importance of being proline: the interaction of proline-rich motifs in signaling proteins with their cognate domains. FASEB J. 14: 231-241.
    • (2000) FASEB J , vol.14 , pp. 231-241
    • Kay, B.K.1    Williamson, M.P.2    Sudol, M.3
  • 50
    • 0025805570 scopus 로고
    • Disulfide assignments in recombinant mouse and human interleukin 4
    • Carr, C., S. Aykent, N. M. Kimack, and A. D. Levine. 1991. Disulfide assignments in recombinant mouse and human interleukin 4. Biochemistry 30: 1515-1523.
    • (1991) Biochemistry , vol.30 , pp. 1515-1523
    • Carr, C.1    Aykent, S.2    Kimack, N.M.3    Levine, A.D.4
  • 51
    • 29344441722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enthalpic and entropic contributions mediate the role of disulfide bonds on the conformational stability of interleukin-4
    • Vaz, D. C., J. R. Rodrigues, W. Sebald, C. M. Dobson, and R. M. Brito. 2006. Enthalpic and entropic contributions mediate the role of disulfide bonds on the conformational stability of interleukin-4. Protein Sci. 15: 33-44.
    • (2006) Protein Sci , vol.15 , pp. 33-44
    • Vaz, D.C.1    Rodrigues, J.R.2    Sebald, W.3    Dobson, C.M.4    Brito, R.M.5
  • 52
    • 0027451432 scopus 로고
    • Two distinct functional sites of human interleukin 4 are identified by variants impaired in either receptor binding or receptor activation
    • Kruse, N., B. J. Shen, S. Arnold, H. P. Tony, T. Muller, and W. Sebald. 1993. Two distinct functional sites of human interleukin 4 are identified by variants impaired in either receptor binding or receptor activation. EMBO J. 12: 5121-5129.
    • (1993) EMBO J , vol.12 , pp. 5121-5129
    • Kruse, N.1    Shen, B.J.2    Arnold, S.3    Tony, H.P.4    Muller, T.5    Sebald, W.6
  • 53
    • 0035575734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human V γ 2V δ 2 T cells produce IFN-γ and TNF-α with an on/off/on cycling pattern in response to live bacterial products
    • Wang, L., H. Das, A. Kamath, and J. F. Bukowski. 2001. Human V γ 2V δ 2 T cells produce IFN-γ and TNF-α with an on/off/on cycling pattern in response to live bacterial products. J. Immunol. 167: 6195-6201.
    • (2001) J. Immunol , vol.167 , pp. 6195-6201
    • Wang, L.1    Das, H.2    Kamath, A.3    Bukowski, J.F.4
  • 54
    • 0030950732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IL-4 receptor complexes containing or lacking the γ C chain are inhibited by an overlapping set of antagonistic IL-4 mutant proteins
    • Schnarr, B., J. Ezernieks, W. Sebald, and A. Duschl. 1997. IL-4 receptor complexes containing or lacking the γ C chain are inhibited by an overlapping set of antagonistic IL-4 mutant proteins. Int. Immunol. 9: 861-868.
    • (1997) Int. Immunol , vol.9 , pp. 861-868
    • Schnarr, B.1    Ezernieks, J.2    Sebald, W.3    Duschl, A.4
  • 55
    • 0027360333 scopus 로고
    • An essential role for interferon γ in resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection
    • Flynn, J. L., J. Chan, K. J. Triebold, D. K. Dalton, T. A. Stewart, and B. R. Bloom. 1993. An essential role for interferon γ in resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. J. Exp. Med. 178: 2249-2254.
    • (1993) J. Exp. Med , vol.178 , pp. 2249-2254
    • Flynn, J.L.1    Chan, J.2    Triebold, K.J.3    Dalton, D.K.4    Stewart, T.A.5    Bloom, B.R.6
  • 56
    • 0031034737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Host responses and antigens involved in protective immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis
    • Andersen, P. 1997. Host responses and antigens involved in protective immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Scand. J. Immunol. 45: 115-131.
    • (1997) Scand. J. Immunol , vol.45 , pp. 115-131
    • Andersen, P.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.