메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 54, Issue 9, 2002, Pages 635-644

Cloning of interleukin-4 delta2 splice variant (IL-4δ2) in chimpanzee and cynomolgus macaque: Phylogenetic analysis of δ2 splice variant appearance, and implications for the study of IL-4-driven immune processes

Author keywords

Animal model; Interleukin 4; Non human primates; Quantitative polymerase chain reaction; Splice variant

Indexed keywords

COMPLEMENTARY DNA; INTERLEUKIN 4; MESSENGER RNA;

EID: 18744395268     PISSN: 00937711     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00251-002-0510-4     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (23)

References (62)
  • 1
    • 0029994459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generation of a variant of human interleukin-4 by alternative splicing
    • Alms WJ, Atamas SP, Yurovsky VV, White B (1996) Generation of a variant of human interleukin-4 by alternative splicing. Mol Immunol 33:361-370
    • (1996) Mol Immunol , vol.33 , pp. 361-370
    • Alms, W.J.1    Atamas, S.P.2    Yurovsky, V.V.3    White, B.4
  • 4
    • 0030052465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An alternative splice variant of human IL-4, IL-4 delta 2, inhibits IL-4-stimulated T cell proliferation
    • Atamas SP, Choi J, Yurovsky VV, White B (1996) An alternative splice variant of human IL-4, IL-4 delta 2, inhibits IL-4-stimulated T cell proliferation. J Immunol 156:435-441
    • (1996) J Immunol , vol.156 , pp. 435-441
    • Atamas, S.P.1    Choi, J.2    Yurovsky, V.V.3    White, B.4
  • 5
    • 0031924658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IL-4- and IL-5-positive T lymphocytes, eosinophils, and mast cells in allergen-induced late-phase cutaneous reactions in atopic subjects
    • Barata LT, Ying S, Meng Q, Barkans J, Rajakulasingam K, Durham SR, Kay AB (1998) IL-4- and IL-5-positive T lymphocytes, eosinophils, and mast cells in allergen-induced late-phase cutaneous reactions in atopic subjects. J Allergy Clin Immunol 101:222-230
    • (1998) J Allergy Clin Immunol , vol.101 , pp. 222-230
    • Barata, L.T.1    Ying, S.2    Meng, Q.3    Barkans, J.4    Rajakulasingam, K.5    Durham, S.R.6    Kay, A.B.7
  • 6
    • 0023667058 scopus 로고
    • B cell stimulatory factor-1/interleukin-4 mRNA is expressed by normal and transformed mast cells
    • Brown MA, Pierce JH, Watson CJ, Falco J, Ihle JN, Paul WE (1987) B cell stimulatory factor-1/interleukin-4 mRNA is expressed by normal and transformed mast cells. Cell 50:809-818
    • (1987) Cell , vol.50 , pp. 809-818
    • Brown, M.A.1    Pierce, J.H.2    Watson, C.J.3    Falco, J.4    Ihle, J.N.5    Paul, W.E.6
  • 7
    • 0031706642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of anti-IL-4 receptor monoclonal antibody on in vitro T cell cytokine levels: IL-4 production by T cells from non-atopic donors
    • Bullens DM, Kasran A, Peng X, Lorre K, Ceuppens JL (1998) Effects of anti-IL-4 receptor monoclonal antibody on in vitro T cell cytokine levels: IL-4 production by T cells from non-atopic donors. Clin Exp Immunol 113:320-326
    • (1998) Clin Exp Immunol , vol.113 , pp. 320-326
    • Bullens, D.M.1    Kasran, A.2    Peng, X.3    Lorre, K.4    Ceuppens, J.L.5
  • 9
    • 0036469773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of spontaneous and antigen-induced human interleukin-4 responses in vitro: Comparison of ELISPOT, a novel ELISA and real-time RT-PCR
    • Ekerfelt C, Ernerudh J, Jenmalm MC (2002) Detection of spontaneous and antigen-induced human interleukin-4 responses in vitro: Comparison of ELISPOT, a novel ELISA and real-time RT-PCR. J Immunol Methods 260:55-67
    • (2002) J Immunol Methods , vol.260 , pp. 55-67
    • Ekerfelt, C.1    Ernerudh, J.2    Jenmalm, M.C.3
  • 10
    • 0020629761 scopus 로고
    • Biochemical and physicochemical characterization of mouse B cell growth factor: A lymphokine distinct from interleukin 2
    • Farrar JJ, Howard M, Fuller-Farrar J, Paul WE (1983) Biochemical and physicochemical characterization of mouse B cell growth factor: A lymphokine distinct from interleukin 2. J Immunol 131:1838-1842
    • (1983) J Immunol , vol.131 , pp. 1838-1842
    • Farrar, J.J.1    Howard, M.2    Fuller-Farrar, J.3    Paul, W.E.4
  • 12
    • 0028904642 scopus 로고
    • Linked in vivo expression of soluble interleukin-4 receptor and interleukin-4 in murine schistosomiasis
    • Fernandez-Botran R, Wynn TA, Hieny S, Caspar P, Chilton PM, Sher A (1995) Linked in vivo expression of soluble interleukin-4 receptor and interleukin-4 in murine schistosomiasis. Eur J Immunol 25:649-656
    • (1995) Eur J Immunol , vol.25 , pp. 649-656
    • Fernandez-Botran, R.1    Wynn, T.A.2    Hieny, S.3    Caspar, P.4    Chilton, P.M.5    Sher, A.6
  • 13
    • 0029973241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Control of the production of soluble interleukin-4 receptors: Implications in immunoregulation
    • Fernandez-Botran R, Chilton PM, Ma Y, Windsor JL, Street NE (1996) Control of the production of soluble interleukin-4 receptors: Implications in immunoregulation. J Leukoc Biol 59:499-504
    • (1996) J Leukoc Biol , vol.59 , pp. 499-504
    • Fernandez-Botran, R.1    Chilton, P.M.2    Ma, Y.3    Windsor, J.L.4    Street, N.E.5
  • 14
    • 0028048136 scopus 로고
    • Recombinant soluble interleukin-4 (IL-4) receptor acts as an antagonist of IL-4 in murine cutaneous leishmaniasis
    • Gessner A, Schroppel K, Will A, Enssle KH, Lauffer L, Rollinghoff M (1994) Recombinant soluble interleukin-4 (IL-4) receptor acts as an antagonist of IL-4 in murine cutaneous leishmaniasis. Infect Immun 62:4112-4117
    • (1994) Infect Immun , vol.62 , pp. 4112-4117
    • Gessner, A.1    Schroppel, K.2    Will, A.3    Enssle, K.H.4    Lauffer, L.5    Rollinghoff, M.6
  • 15
    • 0035710229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An overview of real-time quantitative PCR: Applications to quantify cytokine gene expression
    • Giulietti A, Overbergh L, Valckx D, Decallonne B, Bouillon R, Mathieu C (2001) An overview of real-time quantitative PCR: Applications to quantify cytokine gene expression. Methods 25:386-401
    • (2001) Methods , vol.25 , pp. 386-401
    • Giulietti, A.1    Overbergh, L.2    Valckx, D.3    Decallonne, B.4    Bouillon, R.5    Mathieu, C.6
  • 16
    • 0032713057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asthmatic airway biopsy specimens are more likely to express the IL-4 alternative splice variant IL-4delta2
    • Glare EM, Divjak M, Rolland JM, Walters EH (1999) Asthmatic airway biopsy specimens are more likely to express the IL-4 alternative splice variant IL-4delta2. J Allergy Clin Immunol 104:978-982
    • (1999) J Allergy Clin Immunol , vol.104 , pp. 978-982
    • Glare, E.M.1    Divjak, M.2    Rolland, J.M.3    Walters, E.H.4
  • 17
    • 0343502999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soluble IL-4 receptor inhibits airway inflammation following allergen challenge in a mouse model of asthma
    • Henderson WR Jr. Chi EY, Maliszewski CR (2000) Soluble IL-4 receptor inhibits airway inflammation following allergen challenge in a mouse model of asthma. J Immunol 164:1086-1095
    • (2000) J Immunol , vol.164 , pp. 1086-1095
    • Henderson W.R., Jr.1    Chi, E.Y.2    Maliszewski, C.R.3
  • 18
    • 0020340260 scopus 로고
    • Interleukins for B lymphocytes
    • Howard M, Paul WE (1982) Interleukins for B lymphocytes. Lymphokine Res 1:1-4
    • (1982) Lymphokine Res , vol.1 , pp. 1-4
    • Howard, M.1    Paul, W.E.2
  • 20
    • 0023204258 scopus 로고
    • Murine B-cell stimulatory factor 1 (interleukin 4) increases expression of the Fc receptor for IgE on mouse B cells
    • Hudak SA, Gollnick SO, Conrad DH, Kehry MR (1987) Murine B-cell stimulatory factor 1 (interleukin 4) increases expression of the Fc receptor for IgE on mouse B cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 84:4606-4610
    • (1987) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.84 , pp. 4606-4610
    • Hudak, S.A.1    Gollnick, S.O.2    Conrad, D.H.3    Kehry, M.R.4
  • 21
    • 0031021191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid evolution of immunoglobulin superfamily C2 domains expressed in immune system cells
    • Hughes AL (1997) Rapid evolution of immunoglobulin superfamily C2 domains expressed in immune system cells. Mol Biol Evol 14:1-5
    • (1997) Mol Biol Evol , vol.14 , pp. 1-5
    • Hughes, A.L.1
  • 24
  • 25
    • 0027451432 scopus 로고
    • Two distinct functional sites of human interleukin 4 are identified by variants impaired in either receptor binding or receptor activation
    • Kruse N, Shen BJ, Arnold S, Tony HP, Muller T, Sebald W (1993) Two distinct functional sites of human interleukin 4 are identified by variants impaired in either receptor binding or receptor activation. EMBO J 12:5121-5129
    • (1993) EMBO J , vol.12 , pp. 5121-5129
    • Kruse, N.1    Shen, B.J.2    Arnold, S.3    Tony, H.P.4    Muller, T.5    Sebald, W.6
  • 26
    • 0031590672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantification of cytokine mRNA expression by RT PCR in samples of previously frozen blood
    • Kruse N, Pette M, Toyka K, Rieckmann P (1997) Quantification of cytokine mRNA expression by RT PCR in samples of previously frozen blood. J Immunol Methods 210:195-203
    • (1997) J Immunol Methods , vol.210 , pp. 195-203
    • Kruse, N.1    Pette, M.2    Toyka, K.3    Rieckmann, P.4
  • 28
    • 0028278699 scopus 로고
    • Secretion of IL-4 from human basophils. The relationship between IL-4 mRNA and protein in resting and stimulated basophils
    • MacGlashan D Jr. White JM, Huang SK, Ono SJ, Schroeder JT, Lichtenstein LM (1994) Secretion of IL-4 from human basophils. The relationship between IL-4 mRNA and protein in resting and stimulated basophils. J Immunol 152:3006-3016
    • (1994) J Immunol , vol.152 , pp. 3006-3016
    • MacGlashan D., Jr.1    White, J.M.2    Huang, S.K.3    Ono, S.J.4    Schroeder, J.T.5    Lichtenstein, L.M.6
  • 29
    • 0028061264 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-4 inhibits bone resorption through an effect on osteoclasts and proinflammatory cytokines in an ex vivo model of bone resorption in rheumatoid arthritis
    • Miossec P, Chomarat P, Dechanet J, Moreau JF, Roux JP, Delmas P, Banchereau J (1994) Interleukin-4 inhibits bone resorption through an effect on osteoclasts and proinflammatory cytokines in an ex vivo model of bone resorption in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 37:1715-1722
    • (1994) Arthritis Rheum , vol.37 , pp. 1715-1722
    • Miossec, P.1    Chomarat, P.2    Dechanet, J.3    Moreau, J.F.4    Roux, J.P.5    Delmas, P.6    Banchereau, J.7
  • 30
    • 0024507929 scopus 로고
    • Promotion of human T lymphocyte proliferation by IL-4
    • Mitchell LC, Davis LS, Lipsky PE (1989) Promotion of human T lymphocyte proliferation by IL-4. J Immunol 142:1548-1557
    • (1989) J Immunol , vol.142 , pp. 1548-1557
    • Mitchell, L.C.1    Davis, L.S.2    Lipsky, P.E.3
  • 33
    • 0027514171 scopus 로고
    • Molecular mimicry and the generation of host defense protein diversity
    • Murphy PM (1993) Molecular mimicry and the generation of host defense protein diversity. Cell 72:823-826
    • (1993) Cell , vol.72 , pp. 823-826
    • Murphy, P.M.1
  • 35
    • 0025764757 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-4: A prototypic immunoregulatory lymphokine
    • Paul WE (1991) Interleukin-4: A prototypic immunoregulatory lymphokine. Blood 77:1859-1870
    • (1991) Blood , vol.77 , pp. 1859-1870
    • Paul, W.E.1
  • 36
    • 0033922796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The complete cDNA sequences of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6 AND IL-10 from the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
    • Perkins HD, Leeuwen BH van, Hardy CM, Kerr PJ (2000) The complete cDNA sequences of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6 AND IL-10 from the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Cytokine 12:555-565
    • (2000) Cytokine , vol.12 , pp. 555-565
    • Perkins, H.D.1    Van Leeuwen, B.H.2    Hardy, C.M.3    Kerr, P.J.4
  • 37
    • 0026764439 scopus 로고
    • Three-dimensional solution structure of human interleukin-4 by multidimensional heteronuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
    • Powers R, Garrett DS, March CJ, Frieden EA, Gronenborn AM, Clore GM (1992) Three-dimensional solution structure of human interleukin-4 by multidimensional heteronuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Science 256:1673-1677
    • (1992) Science , vol.256 , pp. 1673-1677
    • Powers, R.1    Garrett, D.S.2    March, C.J.3    Frieden, E.A.4    Gronenborn, A.M.5    Clore, G.M.6
  • 38
    • 0020663549 scopus 로고
    • T cell-derived B cell growth and differentiation factors. Dichotomy between the responsiveness of B cells from adult and neonatal mice
    • Pure E, Isakson PC, Kappler JW, Marrack P, Krammer PH, Vitetta ES (1983) T cell-derived B cell growth and differentiation factors. Dichotomy between the responsiveness of B cells from adult and neonatal mice. J Exp Med 157:600-612
    • (1983) J Exp Med , vol.157 , pp. 600-612
    • Pure, E.1    Isakson, P.C.2    Kappler, J.W.3    Marrack, P.4    Krammer, P.H.5    Vitetta, E.S.6
  • 39
    • 0342699470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokine mRNA expression in leukocytes of efferent lymph from stimulated lymph nodes in pigs
    • Reddy NR, Borgs P, Wilkie BN (2000) Cytokine mRNA expression in leukocytes of efferent lymph from stimulated lymph nodes in pigs. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 74:31-46
    • (2000) Vet Immunol Immunopathol , vol.74 , pp. 31-46
    • Reddy, N.R.1    Borgs, P.2    Wilkie, B.N.3
  • 40
    • 0025822170 scopus 로고
    • IL-4-dependent up-regulation of IL-4 receptor expression in murine T and B cells
    • Renz H, Domenico J, Gelfand EW (1991) IL-4-dependent up-regulation of IL-4 receptor expression in murine T and B cells. J Immunol 146:3049-3055
    • (1991) J Immunol , vol.146 , pp. 3049-3055
    • Renz, H.1    Domenico, J.2    Gelfand, E.W.3
  • 41
    • 0027320031 scopus 로고
    • Activation of CD4+ T cells, increased TH2-type cytokine mRNA expression, and eosinophil recruitment in bronchoalveolar lavage after allergen inhalation challenge in patients with atopic asthma
    • Robinson D, Hamid Q, Bentley A, Ying S, Kay AB, Durham SR (1993) Activation of CD4+ T cells, increased TH2-type cytokine mRNA expression, and eosinophil recruitment in bronchoalveolar lavage after allergen inhalation challenge in patients with atopic asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 92:313-324
    • (1993) J Allergy Clin Immunol , vol.92 , pp. 313-324
    • Robinson, D.1    Hamid, Q.2    Bentley, A.3    Ying, S.4    Kay, A.B.5    Durham, S.R.6
  • 43
    • 0025923025 scopus 로고
    • Human TH1 and TH2 subsets: Doubt no more
    • Romagnani S (1991) Human TH1 and TH2 subsets: Doubt no more. Immunol Today 12:256-257
    • (1991) Immunol Today , vol.12 , pp. 256-257
    • Romagnani, S.1
  • 44
    • 0023923990 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of Fc receptor for IgE (CD23) and class II MHC antigen expression on Burkitt's lymphoma cell lines by human IL-4 and IFN-gamma
    • Rousset F, Malefijt RW, Slierendregt B, Aubry JP, Bonnefoy JY, Defrance T, Banchereau J, Vries JE de (1988) Regulation of Fc receptor for IgE (CD23) and class II MHC antigen expression on Burkitt's lymphoma cell lines by human IL-4 and IFN-gamma. J Immunol 140:2625-2632
    • (1988) J Immunol , vol.140 , pp. 2625-2632
    • Rousset, F.1    Malefijt, R.W.2    Slierendregt, B.3    Aubry, J.P.4    Bonnefoy, J.Y.5    Defrance, T.6    Banchereau, J.7    De Vries, J.E.8
  • 45
    • 0032822463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased levels of alternatively spliced interleukin 4 (IL-4delta2) transcripts in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with systemic sclerosis
    • Sakkas LI, Tourtellotte C, Berney S, Myers AR, Platsoucas CD (1999) Increased levels of alternatively spliced interleukin 4 (IL-4delta2) transcripts in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with systemic sclerosis. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 6:660-664
    • (1999) Clin Diagn Lab Immunol , vol.6 , pp. 660-664
    • Sakkas, L.I.1    Tourtellotte, C.2    Berney, S.3    Myers, A.R.4    Platsoucas, C.D.5
  • 46
    • 0032723128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A sensitive, non-radioactive quantitative method for measuring IL-4 and IL-4delta2 mRNA in un-stimulated cells from multiple clinical samples, using nested RT-PCR
    • Seah GT, Rook GA (1999a) A sensitive, non-radioactive quantitative method for measuring IL-4 and IL-4delta2 mRNA in un-stimulated cells from multiple clinical samples, using nested RT-PCR. J Immunol Methods 228:139-149
    • (1999) J Immunol Methods , vol.228 , pp. 139-149
    • Seah, G.T.1    Rook, G.A.2
  • 47
    • 0033955022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Type 2 cytokine gene activation and its relationship to extent of disease in patients with tuberculosis
    • Seah GT, Scott GM, Rook GA (2000) Type 2 cytokine gene activation and its relationship to extent of disease in patients with tuberculosis. J Infect Dis 181:385-389
    • (2000) J Infect Dis , vol.181 , pp. 385-389
    • Seah, G.T.1    Scott, G.M.2    Rook, G.A.3
  • 48
    • 0035883732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-4 and its alternatively spliced variant (IL-4delta2) in patients with atopic asthma
    • Seah GT, Gao PS, Hopkin JM, Rook GA (2001) Interleukin-4 and its alternatively spliced variant (IL-4delta2) in patients with atopic asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 164:1016-1018
    • (2001) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.164 , pp. 1016-1018
    • Seah, G.T.1    Gao, P.S.2    Hopkin, J.M.3    Rook, G.A.4
  • 51
    • 0024510874 scopus 로고
    • Increased expression of surface IgM but not IgD or IgG on human B cells in response to IL-4
    • Shields JG, Armitage RJ, Jamieson BN, Beverley PC, Callard RE (1989) Increased expression of surface IgM but not IgD or IgG on human B cells in response to IL-4. Immunology 66:224-227
    • (1989) Immunology , vol.66 , pp. 224-227
    • Shields, J.G.1    Armitage, R.J.2    Jamieson, B.N.3    Beverley, P.C.4    Callard, R.E.5
  • 52
    • 0027884911 scopus 로고
    • Identification of an alternatively spliced transcript of human interleukin-4 lacking the sequence encoded by exon 2
    • Sorg RV, Enczmann J, Sorg UR, Schneider EM, Wernet P (1993) Identification of an alternatively spliced transcript of human interleukin-4 lacking the sequence encoded by exon 2. Exp Hematol 21:560-563
    • (1993) Exp Hematol , vol.21 , pp. 560-563
    • Sorg, R.V.1    Enczmann, J.2    Sorg, U.R.3    Schneider, E.M.4    Wernet, P.5
  • 53
    • 0023747688 scopus 로고
    • IL-4 inhibits IL-2-mediated induction of human lymphokine-activated killer cells, but not the generation of antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in mixed leukocyte cultures
    • Spits H, Yssel H, Paliard X, Kastelein R, Figdor C, Vries JE de (1988) IL-4 inhibits IL-2-mediated induction of human lymphokine-activated killer cells, but not the generation of antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in mixed leukocyte cultures. J Immunol 141:29-36
    • (1988) J Immunol , vol.141 , pp. 29-36
    • Spits, H.1    Yssel, H.2    Paliard, X.3    Kastelein, R.4    Figdor, C.5    De Vries, J.E.6
  • 55
    • 0029817355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification and characterization of two alternative splice variants of human interleukin-2
    • Tsytsikov VN, Yurovsky VV, Atamas SP, Alms WJ, White B (1996) Identification and characterization of two alternative splice variants of human interleukin-2. J Biol Chem 271:23055-23060
    • (1996) J Biol Chem , vol.271 , pp. 23055-23060
    • Tsytsikov, V.N.1    Yurovsky, V.V.2    Atamas, S.P.3    Alms, W.J.4    White, B.5
  • 58
    • 0027963347 scopus 로고
    • T lymphocytes and mast cells express messenger RNA for interleukin-4 in the nasal mucosa in allergen-induced rhinitis
    • Ying S, Durham SR, Jacobson MR, Rak S, Masuyama K, Lowhagen O, Kay AB, Hamid QA (1994) T lymphocytes and mast cells express messenger RNA for interleukin-4 in the nasal mucosa in allergen-induced rhinitis. Immunology 82:200-206
    • (1994) Immunology , vol.82 , pp. 200-206
    • Ying, S.1    Durham, S.R.2    Jacobson, M.R.3    Rak, S.4    Masuyama, K.5    Lowhagen, O.6    Kay, A.B.7    Hamid, Q.A.8
  • 59
    • 0042927891 scopus 로고
    • Isolation and characterization of a human interleukin cDNA clone, homologous to mouse B-cell stimulatory factor 1, that expresses B-cell- and T-cell-stimulating activities
    • Yokota T, Otsuka T, Mosmann T, Banchereau J, Defrance T, Blanchard D, Vries JE de, Lee F, Arai K (1986) Isolation and characterization of a human interleukin cDNA clone, homologous to mouse B-cell stimulatory factor 1, that expresses B-cell- and T-cell-stimulating activities. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83:5894-5898
    • (1986) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.83 , pp. 5894-5898
    • Yokota, T.1    Otsuka, T.2    Mosmann, T.3    Banchereau, J.4    Defrance, T.5    Blanchard, D.6    De Vries, J.E.7    Lee, F.8    Arai, K.9
  • 60
    • 0023818703 scopus 로고
    • Molecular biology of interleukin 4 and interleukin 5 genes and biology of their products that stimulate B cells, T cells and hemopoietic cells
    • Yokota T, Arai N, Vries J de, Spits H, Banchereau J, Zlotnik A, Rennick D, Howard M, Takebe Y, Miyatake S (1988) Molecular biology of interleukin 4 and interleukin 5 genes and biology of their products that stimulate B cells, T cells and hemopoietic cells. Immunol Rev 102:137-187
    • (1988) Immunol Rev , vol.102 , pp. 137-187
    • Yokota, T.1    Arai, N.2    De Vries, J.3    Spits, H.4    Banchereau, J.5    Zlotnik, A.6    Rennick, D.7    Howard, M.8    Takebe, Y.9    Miyatake, S.10
  • 61
    • 0030763362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular model of an alternative splice variant of human IL-4, IL-4 delta 2, a naturally occurring inhibitor of IL-4-stimulated T cell proliferation
    • Zav'yalov VP, Denesyuk AI, White B, Yurovsky VV, Atamas SP, Korpela T (1997) Molecular model of an alternative splice variant of human IL-4, IL-4 delta 2, a naturally occurring inhibitor of IL-4-stimulated T cell proliferation. Immunol Lett 58:149-152
    • (1997) Immunol Lett , vol.58 , pp. 149-152
    • Zav'yalov, V.P.1    Denesyuk, A.I.2    White, B.3    Yurovsky, V.V.4    Atamas, S.P.5    Korpela, T.6
  • 62
    • 0025823592 scopus 로고
    • Impaired balance of interleukin-4 and interferon-gamma production in infections with Schistosoma mansoni and intestinal nematodes
    • Zwingenberger K, Hohmann A, Brito MC de, Ritter M (1991) Impaired balance of interleukin-4 and interferon-gamma production in infections with Schistosoma mansoni and intestinal nematodes. Scand J Immunol 34:243-251
    • (1991) Scand J Immunol , vol.34 , pp. 243-251
    • Zwingenberger, K.1    Hohmann, A.2    De Brito, M.C.3    Ritter, M.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.