Formation and impact of hot spots on the performance of organic photovoltaic cells

Applied Physics Letters

Volumn 94, Issue 4, 2009, Pages

  Steim, Roland ^a,b   Choulis, Stelios A ^c   Schilinsky, Pavel ^a   Lemmer, Uli ^b   Brabec, Christoph J ^a  

^a Konarka Technologies GmbH   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF KARLSRUHE   (Germany)

^c CYPRUS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Cyprus)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

LEAKAGE CURRENTS; SOLAR CELLS;

FAILURE MECHANISMS; HOT SPOTS; INHOMOGENITIES; LEAKAGE CURRENT DENSITIES; LOW-LEAKAGE CURRENTS; ORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS; ORGANIC SOLAR CELLS; REVERSE BIAS; REVERSE BIAS VOLTAGES;

PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS;

EID: 59349093323     PISSN: 00036951     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1063/1.3073857     Document Type: Article

References (13)

1. W. Ma, C. Yang, X. Gong, K. Lee, and A. J. Heeger, Adv. Funct. Mater. AFMDC6 1616-301X 10.1002/adfm.200500211 15, 1617 (2005); Y. Kim, S. A. Choulis, J. Nelson, D. D. C. Bradley, S. Cook, and J. R. Durrant, Appl. Phys. Lett. APPLAB 0003-6951 10.1063/1.1861123 86, 063502 (2005); Y. Kim, S. Cook, S. M. Tuladhar, S. A. Choulis, J. Nelson, J. R. Durrant, D. D. C. Bradley, M. Giles, I. McCulloch, C. -S. Ha, and M. Ree, Nature Mater. NMAACR 1476-1122 10.1038/nmat1574 5, 197 (2006); J. Y. Kim, K. Lee, N. E. Coates, D. Moses, T. -Q. Nguyen, M. Dante, and A. J. Heeger, Science SCIEAS 0036-8075 10.1126/science.1141711 317, 222 (2007); R. Gaudiana and C. J. Brabec, Nat. Photonics ZZZZZZ 1749-4885 2; C. Hoth, S. A. Choulis, P. Schilinsky, and C. J. Brabec, Adv. Mater. (Weinheim, Ger.) ADVMEW 0935-9648 10.1002/adma.200700911 19, 3973 (2007); C. J. Brabec, J. A. Hauch, P. Schilinsky, and C. Waldauf, MRS Bull. MRSBEA 0883-7694 30, 50 (2005).
2. E. Molenbroek and D. W. Waddington, Conference Record of the IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, 1992 (unpublished), Vol. 1, pp. 547-552.
3. A. Woyte, J. Nijs, and R. Belmans, Sol. Energy 74, 217 (2003). 0038-092X
4. M. C. García, W. Herrmann, W. Böhmer, and B. Proisy, Prog. Photovoltaics 11, 293 (2003). 1062-7995
5. European Norm EN-61215, Crystalline silicon terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules-Design Qualification and Type Approval, 1995.
6. European Norm EN-61646, Thin-film terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules-Design Qualification and Type Approval, 1997.
7. UL1703, UL standard for safety for flat-plate photovoltaic modules and panels, 1993.
8. IEEE 1262, IEEE recommended practice for qualification of photovoltaic (PV) modules, 1995.
9. P. Schilinsky, C. Waldauf, and C. J. Brabec, Adv. Funct. Mater. AFMDC6 1616-301X 10.1002/adfm.200500581 16, 1669 (2006).
10. C. Waldauf, M. Morana, P. Denk, P. Schilinsky, K. Coakley, S. A. Choulis, and C. J. Brabec, Appl. Phys. Lett. APPLAB 0003-6951 10.1063/1.2402890 89, 233517 (2006).
11. O. Breitenstein and M. Langenkamp, Lock-in Thermography-Basics and Application to Functional Diagnostics of Electronic Components, Advanced Microelectronics (Springer, Heidelberg, 2003), Vol. 10.
12. O. Breitenstein, J. P. Rakotoniaina, and M. H. Al Rifai, Prog. Photovoltaics PPHOED 1062-7995 10.1002/pip.520 11, 515 (2003).
13. L. Ke, S. -J. Chua, K. Zhang, and N. Yakovlev, Appl. Phys. Lett. APPLAB 0003-6951 10.1063/1.1464216 80, 2195 (2002).