A gonadotropin-releasing hormone-II antagonist induces autophagy of prostate cancer cells

Cancer Research

Volumn 69, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 923-931

  Dong Ki, Kim ^a   Ji, Sook Yang ^a   Kaushik, Maiti ^a,e   Jong Ik, Hwang ^a   Kyungjin, Kim ^b   Dongseung, Seen ^b   Younghee, Ahn ^c   Cheolji, Lee ^c   Byeong Cheol, Kang ^d   Hyuk, Bang Kwon ^e   Jun, Cheon ^a   Jae, Young Seong ^a  

^a Korea University College of Medicine   (South Korea)

^b Seoul National University   (South Korea)

^c Korea Institute of Science and Technology   (South Korea)

^d Seoul National University Hospital   (South Korea)

^e Chonnam National University   (South Korea)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLCYSTEINE; CASPASE 3; CETRORELIX; CYTOCHROME C; FLUORESCEIN ISOTHIOCYANATE; GONADORELIN ANTAGONIST; MICROTUBULE ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 1; PROTEIN KINASE B; REACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLITE; STAUROSPORINE; STRESS ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE; TRP 1; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ARTICLE; AUTOPHAGY; CANCER INHIBITION; CELL GROWTH; CELL PROLIFERATION; CELL STRAIN MCF 7; CELLULAR DISTRIBUTION; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG DISTRIBUTION; DRUG INHIBITION; DRUG TISSUE LEVEL; ENZYME ACTIVATION; ENZYME PHOSPHORYLATION; FEMALE; HELA CELL; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; IN VITRO STUDY; MITOCHONDRIAL MEMBRANE POTENTIAL; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; NUDE MOUSE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSTATE CANCER; PROTEIN PHOSPHORYLATION;

ANIMALS; AUTOPHAGY; CASPASE 3; CELL GROWTH PROCESSES; CELL LINE, TUMOR; CYTOCHROMES C; FEMALE; GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE; HELA CELLS; HUMANS; MALE; MICE; MICE, INBRED BALB C; MICE, NUDE; MITOCHONDRIA; OLIGOPEPTIDES; PROSTATIC NEOPLASMS; REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES;

EID: 59149089489     PISSN: 00085472     EISSN: 15387445     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-2115     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Greenlee RT, Hill-Harmon MB, Murray T, Thun M. Cancer statistics, 2001. CA Cancer J Clin 2001;51:15-36.
2. Navarro D, Luzardo OP, Fernandez L, Chesa N, Diaz-Chico BN. Transition to androgen-independence in prostate cancer. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2002;81:191-201.
3. Engel JB, Schally AV. Drug Insight: clinical use of agonists and antagonists of luteinizing-hormone-releasing hormone. Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol Metab 2007;3:157-67.
4. Eisenberger MA, O'Dwyer PJ, Friedman MA. Gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone analogues: a new therapeutic approach for prostatic carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 1986;4:414-24.
5. Comaru-Schally AM, Brannan W, Schally AV, Colcolough M, Monga M. Efficacy and safety of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone antagonist cetrorelix in the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998;83:3826-31.
6. Cook T, Sheridan WP. Development of GnRH antagonists for prostate cancer: new approaches to treatment. Oncologist 2000;5:162-8.
7. Moretti RM, Marelli MM, Dondi D, et al. Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists interfere with the stimulatory actions of epidermal growth factor in human prostatic cancer cell lines, LNCaP and DU 145. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1996;81:3930-7.
8. Marelli MM, Moretti RM, Dondi D, Motta M, Limonta P. Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists interfere with the mitogenic activity of the insulin-like growth factor system in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells. Endocrinology 1999;140:329-34.
9. Kraus S, Levy G, Hanoch T, Naor Z, Seger R. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone induces apoptosis of prostate cancer cells: role of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, protein kinase B, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathways. Cancer Res 2004;64:5736-44.
10. Maudsley S, Davidson L, Pawson AJ, Chan R, Lopez de Maturana R, Millar RP. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists promote proapoptotic signaling in peripheral reproductive tumor cells by activating a Gαi-coupling state of the type I GnRH receptor. Cancer Res 2004;64:7533-44.
11. White RB, Eisen JA, Kasten TL, Fernald RD. Second gene for gonadotropin-releasing hormone in humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1998;95:305-9.
12. Siler-Khodr TM, Grayson M. Action of chicken II GnRH on the human placenta. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001;86:804-10.
13. Cheon KW, Lee HS, Parhar IS, Kang IS. Expression of the second isoform of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH-II) in human endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle. Mol Hum Reprod 2001;7:447-52.
14. Chen A, Kaganovsky E, Rahimipour S, Ben-Aroya N, Okon E, Koch Y. Two forms of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) are expressed in human breast tissue and overexpressed in breast cancer: a putative mechanism for the antiproliferative effect of GnRH by downregulation of acidic ribosomal phosphoproteins P1 and P2. Cancer Res 2002;62:1036-44.
15. Grundker C, Schlotawa L, Viereck V, et al. Antiproliferative effects of the GnRH antagonist cetrorelix and of GnRH-II on human endometrial and ovarian cancer cells are not mediated through the GnRH type I receptor. Eur J Endocrinol 2004;151:141-9.
16. Chen A, Ganor Y, Rahimipour S, Ben-Aroya N, Koch Y, Levite M. The neuropeptides GnRH-II and GnRH-I are produced by human T cells and trigger laminin receptor gene expression, adhesion, chemotaxis and homing to specific organs. Nat Med 2002;8:1421-6.
17. Illing N, Troskie BE, Nahorniak CS, Hapgood JP, Peter RE, Millar RP. Two gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor subtypes with distinct ligand selectivity and differential distribution in brain and pituitary in the goldfish (Carassius auratus). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1999;96:2526-31.
18. Wang L, Bogerd J, Choi HS, et al. Three distinct types of GnRH receptor characterized in the bullfrog. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001;98:361-6.
19. Millar R, Lowe S, Conklin D, et al. A novel mammalian receptor for the evolutionarily conserved type II GnRH. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001;98:9636-41.
20. Faurholm B, Millar RP, Katz AA. The genes encoding the type II gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor and the ribonucleoprotein RBM8A in humans overlap in two genomic loci. Genomics 2001;78:15-8.
21. Morgan K, Conklin D, Pawson AJ, Sellar R, Ott TR, Millar RP. A transcriptionally active human type II gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor gene homologue overlaps two genes in the antisense orientation on chromosome 1q.12. Endocrinology 2003;144:423-36.
22. Millar RP, Lu ZL, Pawson AJ, Flanagan CA, Morgan K, Maudsley SR. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors. Endocr Rev 2004;25:235-75.
23. Maiti K, Oh DY, Moon JS, et al. Differential effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-I and GnRH-II on prostate cancer cell signaling and death. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005;90:4287-98.
24. Davidson JS, Assefa D, Pawson A, et al. Irreversible activation of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor by photoaffinity cross-linking: localization of attachment site to Cys residue in N-terminal segment. Biochemistry 1997;36:12881-9.
25. Maiti K, Li JH, Wang AF, et al. GnRH-II analogs for selective activation and inhibition of non-mammalian and type-II mammalian GnRH receptors. Mol Cells 2003;16:173-9.
26. Wang AF, Li JH, Maiti K, et al. Preferential ligand selectivity of the monkey type-II gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor for GnRH-2 and its analogs. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2003;209:33-42.
27. Ricci JE, Gottlieb RA, Green DR. Caspase-mediated loss of mitochondrial function and generation of reactive oxygen species during apoptosis. J Cell Biol 2003;160:65-75.
28. Chen Y, McMillan-Ward E, Kong J, Israels SJ, Gibson SB. Mitochondrial electron-transport-chain inhibitors of complexes I and II induce autophagic cell death mediated by reactive oxygen species. J Cell Sci 2007;120:4155-66.
29. Blank M, Shiloh Y. Programs for cell death: apoptosis is only one way to go. Cell Cycle 2007;6:686-95.
30. Kabeya Y, Mizushima N, Ueno T, et al. LC3, a mammalian homologue of yeast Apg8p, is localized in autophagosome membranes after processing. EMBO J 2000;19:5720-8.
31. Berry DL, Baehrecke EH. Growth arrest and autophagy are required for salivary gland cell degradation in Drosophila. Cell 2007;131:1137-48.
32. Park KJ, Lee SH, Kim TI, et al. A human scFv antibody against TRAIL receptor 2 induces autophagic cell death in both TRAIL-sensitive and TRAIL-resistant cancer cells. Cancer Res 2007;67:7327-34.
33. Darby S, Stockley J, Khan MM, Robson CN, Leung HY, Gnanapragasam VJ. Expression of GnRH type II is regulated by the androgen receptor in prostate cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer 2007;14:613-24.
34. Grosse R, Schmid A, Schoneberg T, et al. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor initiates multiple signaling pathways by exclusively coupling to G(q/11) proteins. J Biol Chem 2000;275:9193-200.
35. Castellon E, Clementi M, Hitschfeld C, et al. Effect of leuprolide and cetrorelix on cell growth, apoptosis, and GnRH receptor expression in primary cell cultures from human prostate carcinoma. Cancer Invest 2006;24:261-8.
36. Eicke N, Gunthert AR, Viereck V, et al. GnRH-II receptor-like antigenicity in human placenta and in cancers of the human reproductive organs. Eur J Endocrinol 2005;153:605-12.
37. 2+ channels. J Cell Biol 2006;175:901-11.
38. Kang BH, Plescia J, Dohi T, Rosa J, Doxsey SJ, Altieri DC. Regulation of tumor cell mitochondrial homeostasis by an organelle-specific Hsp90 chaperone network. Cell 2007;131:257-70.
39. Levine B, Klionsky DJ. Development by self-digestion: molecular mechanisms and biological functions of autophagy. Dev Cell 2004;6:463-77.
40. Herman-Antosiewicz A, Johnson DE, Singh SV. Sulforaphane causes autophagy to inhibit release of cytochrome c and apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells. Cancer Res 2006;66:5828-35.
41. Cao C, Subhawong T, Albert JM, et al. Inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin or apoptotic pathway induces autophagy and radiosensitizes PTEN null prostate cancer cells. Cancer Res 2006;66:10040-7.
42. Borsello T, Croquelois K, Hornung JP, Clarke PG. N-methyl-d-aspartate- triggered neuronal death in organotypic hippocampal cultures is endocytic, autophagic and mediated by the c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway. Eur J Neurosci 2003;18:473-85.
43. Fister S, Gunthert AR, Emons G, Grundker C. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone type II antagonists induce apoptotic cell death in human endometrial and ovarian cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Res 2007;67:1750-6.