메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 28, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 78-87

The relationship of digit ratio (2D:4D) and gender-role orientation in four national samples

Author keywords

2D:4D ratio; Gender role orientation; Nationality

Indexed keywords


EID: 57449105630     PISSN: 16140001     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1027/1614-0001.28.2.78     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (13)

References (73)
  • 1
    • 0036837398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A preliminary investigation of the associations between personality, cognitive ability, and digit ratio
    • Austin E.J., Manning J.T., McInroy K., Mathews E. A preliminary investigation of the associations between personality, cognitive ability, and digit ratio. Personality and Individual Differences 2002, 33:1115-1124.
    • (2002) Personality and Individual Differences , vol.33 , pp. 1115-1124
    • Austin, E.J.1    Manning, J.T.2    McInroy, K.3    Mathews, E.4
  • 2
    • 11144279502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Finger length ratio (2D:4D) correlates with physical aggression in men but not in women
    • Bailey A.A., Hurd P.L. Finger length ratio (2D:4D) correlates with physical aggression in men but not in women. Biological Psychology 2005, 68:215-222.
    • (2005) Biological Psychology , vol.68 , pp. 215-222
    • Bailey, A.A.1    Hurd, P.L.2
  • 3
    • 0002546372 scopus 로고
    • Anthropological notes on the human hand
    • Baker F. Anthropological notes on the human hand. American Anthropologist 1888, 1:51-76.
    • (1888) American Anthropologist , vol.1 , pp. 51-76
    • Baker, F.1
  • 5
    • 0022066451 scopus 로고
    • Relation between testosterone concentration, sex role identity, and personality among females
    • Baucom D.H., Besch P.K., Callahan S. Relation between testosterone concentration, sex role identity, and personality among females. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1985, 48:1218-1226.
    • (1985) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.48 , pp. 1218-1226
    • Baucom, D.H.1    Besch, P.K.2    Callahan, S.3
  • 6
    • 20444505196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do differences in sex hormones affect handwriting style? Evidence from digit ratio and sex-role identity as determinants of the sex of handwriting
    • Beech J.R., Mackintosh I.C. Do differences in sex hormones affect handwriting style? Evidence from digit ratio and sex-role identity as determinants of the sex of handwriting. Personality and Individual Differences 2005, 39:459-468.
    • (2005) Personality and Individual Differences , vol.39 , pp. 459-468
    • Beech, J.R.1    Mackintosh, I.C.2
  • 8
    • 0017596142 scopus 로고
    • On the utility of alternative procedures for assessing psychological androgyny
    • Bem S.L. On the utility of alternative procedures for assessing psychological androgyny. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1977, 45:196-205.
    • (1977) Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , vol.45 , pp. 196-205
    • Bem, S.L.1
  • 9
    • 84972970931 scopus 로고
    • Theory and measurement of androgyny: A reply to the Pedhazur-Tetenbaum and Locksley-Colten critiques
    • Bem S.L. Theory and measurement of androgyny: A reply to the Pedhazur-Tetenbaum and Locksley-Colten critiques. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1979, 37:1047-1054.
    • (1979) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.37 , pp. 1047-1054
    • Bem, S.L.1
  • 11
    • 0347987455 scopus 로고
    • Gender schema theory: A cognitive account of sex typing
    • Bem S.L. Gender schema theory: A cognitive account of sex typing. Psychological Review 1981, 88:354-364.
    • (1981) Psychological Review , vol.88 , pp. 354-364
    • Bem, S.L.1
  • 12
    • 0001469015 scopus 로고
    • Gender schema theory and its implications for child development: Raising gender-aschematic children in a gender-schematic society
    • Bem S.L. Gender schema theory and its implications for child development: Raising gender-aschematic children in a gender-schematic society. Signs 1983, 8:598-616.
    • (1983) Signs , vol.8 , pp. 598-616
    • Bem, S.L.1
  • 14
  • 16
    • 8844270823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Digit length ratios predict reactive aggression in women, but not in men
    • Benderlioglu Z., Nelson R.J. Digit length ratios predict reactive aggression in women, but not in men. Hormones and Behavior 2004, 46:558-564.
    • (2004) Hormones and Behavior , vol.46 , pp. 558-564
    • Benderlioglu, Z.1    Nelson, R.J.2
  • 17
    • 0030722387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early androgen effects on aggression in children and adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia
    • Berenbaum S.A., Resnick S.M. Early androgen effects on aggression in children and adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Psychoneuroendocrinology 1997, 22:505-515.
    • (1997) Psychoneuroendocrinology , vol.22 , pp. 505-515
    • Berenbaum, S.A.1    Resnick, S.M.2
  • 18
    • 0036480946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differences in finger length between self-identified " butch" and " femme" lesbians
    • Brown W.M., Finn C.J., Cooke B.M., Breedlove S.M. Differences in finger length between self-identified " butch" and " femme" lesbians. Archives of Sexual Behavior 2002, 31:123-128.
    • (2002) Archives of Sexual Behavior , vol.31 , pp. 123-128
    • Brown, W.M.1    Finn, C.J.2    Cooke, B.M.3    Breedlove, S.M.4
  • 19
    • 0036934848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Masculinized finger length ratios in human males and females with congenital adrenal hyperplasia
    • Brown W.M., Hines M., Fane B., Breedlove N.J. Masculinized finger length ratios in human males and females with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Hormones and Behavior 2002, 42:380-386.
    • (2002) Hormones and Behavior , vol.42 , pp. 380-386
    • Brown, W.M.1    Hines, M.2    Fane, B.3    Breedlove, N.J.4
  • 20
    • 0038060437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In utero androgen exposure and 2nd to 4th digit length ratio - Comparisons between healthy controls and females with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia
    • Buck J.J., Williams R.M., Hughes I.A., Acerini C.L. In utero androgen exposure and 2nd to 4th digit length ratio - Comparisons between healthy controls and females with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Human Reproduction 2003, 18:976-979.
    • (2003) Human Reproduction , vol.18 , pp. 976-979
    • Buck, J.J.1    Williams, R.M.2    Hughes, I.A.3    Acerini, C.L.4
  • 21
    • 33745904746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Digit ratio (2D:4D) and the spatial representation of magnitude
    • Bull R., Benson P.J. Digit ratio (2D:4D) and the spatial representation of magnitude. Hormones and Behavior 2006, 50:194-199.
    • (2006) Hormones and Behavior , vol.50 , pp. 194-199
    • Bull, R.1    Benson, P.J.2
  • 22
    • 0038669285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sexual dimorphism in the 2D:4D ratio and its relation to mental rotation performance
    • Coolican J., Peters M. Sexual dimorphism in the 2D:4D ratio and its relation to mental rotation performance. Evolution and Human Behavior 2003, 24:179-183.
    • (2003) Evolution and Human Behavior , vol.24 , pp. 179-183
    • Coolican, J.1    Peters, M.2
  • 24
    • 77950293356 scopus 로고
    • Presentatione della versione italiana e contributo alla taratura del Bem Sex-Role Inventory. [Presentation of the Italian version and contribution to the standardization of the Bem Sex-Role Inventory]
    • De Leo D., Villa A., Magni G., Andreatta A., Gagliardi A. Presentatione della versione italiana e contributo alla taratura del Bem Sex-Role Inventory. [Presentation of the Italian version and contribution to the standardization of the Bem Sex-Role Inventory]. Bollettino di Psicologia Applicata 1986, 175:21-28.
    • (1986) Bollettino di Psicologia Applicata , vol.175 , pp. 21-28
    • De Leo, D.1    Villa, A.2    Magni, G.3    Andreatta, A.4    Gagliardi, A.5
  • 25
    • 29144438925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal personality and reproductive ambition in women is associated with salivary testosterone levels
    • Deady D.K., Law Smith M.J., Sharp M.A., Al-Dujaili E.A.S. Maternal personality and reproductive ambition in women is associated with salivary testosterone levels. Biological Psychology 2006, 71:29-32.
    • (2006) Biological Psychology , vol.71 , pp. 29-32
    • Deady, D.K.1    Law Smith, M.J.2    Sharp, M.A.3    Al-Dujaili, E.A.S.4
  • 26
    • 0001203631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The origins of sex differences in human behavior: Evolved dispositions versus social roles
    • Eagly A.H., Wood W. The origins of sex differences in human behavior: Evolved dispositions versus social roles. American Psychologist 1999, 54:408-423.
    • (1999) American Psychologist , vol.54 , pp. 408-423
    • Eagly, A.H.1    Wood, W.2
  • 27
    • 0001974523 scopus 로고
    • Einige Bemerkungen über einen schwankenden Charakter in der Hand des Menschen. [Some remarks about a varying character in the hands of humans]
    • Ecker A. Einige Bemerkungen über einen schwankenden Charakter in der Hand des Menschen. [Some remarks about a varying character in the hands of humans]. Archiv für Anthropologie 1875, 8:68-75.
    • (1875) Archiv für Anthropologie , vol.8 , pp. 68-75
    • Ecker, A.1
  • 29
    • 21844509508 scopus 로고
    • Prototypes and dimensions of masculinity and femininity
    • Helgeson V.S. Prototypes and dimensions of masculinity and femininity. Sex Roles 1994, 31:653-682.
    • (1994) Sex Roles , vol.31 , pp. 653-682
    • Helgeson, V.S.1
  • 30
    • 0027259117 scopus 로고
    • Personality characteristics and platelet MAO activity in women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)
    • Helleday J., Edman G., Ritzen E.M., Siwers B. Personality characteristics and platelet MAO activity in women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). Psychoneuroendocrinology 1993, 18:343-354.
    • (1993) Psychoneuroendocrinology , vol.18 , pp. 343-354
    • Helleday, J.1    Edman, G.2    Ritzen, E.M.3    Siwers, B.4
  • 31
    • 1342309163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex steroids and human behavior: Prenatal androgen exposure and sex-typical play behavior in children
    • Hines M. Sex steroids and human behavior: Prenatal androgen exposure and sex-typical play behavior in children. Annals of the New York Academy of Science 2003, 1007:272-282.
    • (2003) Annals of the New York Academy of Science , vol.1007 , pp. 272-282
    • Hines, M.1
  • 32
    • 3042818663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Androgen and psychosexual development: Core gender identity, sexual orientation, and recalled childhood gender role behavior in women and men with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)
    • Hines M., Brook C., Conway G.S. Androgen and psychosexual development: Core gender identity, sexual orientation, and recalled childhood gender role behavior in women and men with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). The Journal of Sex Research 2004, 41:75-81.
    • (2004) The Journal of Sex Research , vol.41 , pp. 75-81
    • Hines, M.1    Brook, C.2    Conway, G.S.3
  • 37
    • 0001663923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On deconstructing and reconstructing masculinity-femininity
    • Lippa R.A. On deconstructing and reconstructing masculinity-femininity. Journal of Research in Personality 2001, 35:168-207.
    • (2001) Journal of Research in Personality , vol.35 , pp. 168-207
    • Lippa, R.A.1
  • 38
    • 0043223944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are 2D:4D finger-length ratios related to sexual orientation? Yes for men, no for women
    • Lippa R.A. Are 2D:4D finger-length ratios related to sexual orientation? Yes for men, no for women. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2003, 85:179-188.
    • (2003) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.85 , pp. 179-188
    • Lippa, R.A.1
  • 39
    • 29144442433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Finger lengths, 2D:4D ratios, and their relation to gender-related personality traits and the Big Five
    • Lippa R.A. Finger lengths, 2D:4D ratios, and their relation to gender-related personality traits and the Big Five. Biological Psychology 2006, 71:116-121.
    • (2006) Biological Psychology , vol.71 , pp. 116-121
    • Lippa, R.A.1
  • 44
    • 0034179353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The 2nd:4th digit ratio, sexual dimorphism, population differences, and reproductive success: Evidence for sexually antagonistic genes?
    • Manning J.T., Barley L., Walton J., Lewis-Jones D.I., Trivers R.L., Singh D. The 2nd:4th digit ratio, sexual dimorphism, population differences, and reproductive success: Evidence for sexually antagonistic genes?. Evolution and Human Behavior 2000, 21:163-183.
    • (2000) Evolution and Human Behavior , vol.21 , pp. 163-183
    • Manning, J.T.1    Barley, L.2    Walton, J.3    Lewis-Jones, D.I.4    Trivers, R.L.5    Singh, D.6
  • 45
    • 0141793848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2nd to 4th digit ratio: Ethnic differences and family size in English, Indian, and South African populations
    • Manning J.T., Henzi P., Venkatramana P., Martin S., Singh D. 2nd to 4th digit ratio: Ethnic differences and family size in English, Indian, and South African populations. Annuals of Human Biology 2003, 30:579-588.
    • (2003) Annuals of Human Biology , vol.30 , pp. 579-588
    • Manning, J.T.1    Henzi, P.2    Venkatramana, P.3    Martin, S.4    Singh, D.5
  • 46
    • 0031783419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ratio of 2nd to 4th digit length: A predictor of sperm numbers and concentrations of testosterone, luteinizing hormone, and estrogen
    • Manning J.T., Scutt D., Wilson J., Lewis-Jones D.I. The ratio of 2nd to 4th digit length: A predictor of sperm numbers and concentrations of testosterone, luteinizing hormone, and estrogen. Human Reproduction 1998, 13:3000-3004.
    • (1998) Human Reproduction , vol.13 , pp. 3000-3004
    • Manning, J.T.1    Scutt, D.2    Wilson, J.3    Lewis-Jones, D.I.4
  • 48
    • 0034087373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The 2nd:4th digit ratio and asymmetry of hand performance in Jamaican children
    • Manning J.T., Trivers R.L., Thornhill R., Singh D. The 2nd:4th digit ratio and asymmetry of hand performance in Jamaican children. Laterality 2000, 5:121-132.
    • (2000) Laterality , vol.5 , pp. 121-132
    • Manning, J.T.1    Trivers, R.L.2    Thornhill, R.3    Singh, D.4
  • 50
    • 20544469450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A reanalysis of five studies on sexual orientation and the relative length of the 2nd and 4th fingers (the 2D:4D ratio)
    • McFadden D., Loehlin J.C., Breedlove S.M., Lippa R.A., Manning J.T., Rahman Q. A reanalysis of five studies on sexual orientation and the relative length of the 2nd and 4th fingers (the 2D:4D ratio). Archives of Sexual Behavior 2005, 34:341-356.
    • (2005) Archives of Sexual Behavior , vol.34 , pp. 341-356
    • McFadden, D.1    Loehlin, J.C.2    Breedlove, S.M.3    Lippa, R.A.4    Manning, J.T.5    Rahman, Q.6
  • 51
    • 0036942752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relative lengths of fingers and toes in human males and females
    • McFadden D., Shubel E. Relative lengths of fingers and toes in human males and females. Hormones and Behavior 2002, 42:494-500.
    • (2002) Hormones and Behavior , vol.42 , pp. 494-500
    • McFadden, D.1    Shubel, E.2
  • 54
    • 0002312901 scopus 로고
    • A social learning view of sex differences in behavior
    • Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA, E.E. Maccoby (Ed.)
    • Mischel W. A social learning view of sex differences in behavior. The development of sex differences 1966, 57-81. Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA. E.E. Maccoby (Ed.).
    • (1966) The development of sex differences , pp. 57-81
    • Mischel, W.1
  • 55
    • 0036889744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ratio of second- and fourth-digit lengths and congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency
    • Ökten A., Kalyoncu M., Yaris N. The ratio of second- and fourth-digit lengths and congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Early Human Development 2002, 70:47-54.
    • (2002) Early Human Development , vol.70 , pp. 47-54
    • Ökten, A.1    Kalyoncu, M.2    Yaris, N.3
  • 56
    • 0015021890 scopus 로고
    • The assessment and analysis of handedness: The Edinburgh Inventory
    • Oldfield R.C. The assessment and analysis of handedness: The Edinburgh Inventory. Neuropsychologia 1971, 9:97-113.
    • (1971) Neuropsychologia , vol.9 , pp. 97-113
    • Oldfield, R.C.1
  • 59
    • 0036481102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex-specific finger-length patterns linked to behavioral variables: Consistency across various human populations
    • Peters M., Tan Ü., Kang Y., Teixeira L., Mandal M. Sex-specific finger-length patterns linked to behavioral variables: Consistency across various human populations. Perceptual and Motor Skills 2002, 94:171-181.
    • (2002) Perceptual and Motor Skills , vol.94 , pp. 171-181
    • Peters, M.1    Tan, Ü.2    Kang, Y.3    Teixeira, L.4    Mandal, M.5
  • 61
    • 0037387523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sexual orientation and the 2nd to 4th finger length ratio: Evidence for organizing effects of sex hormones or developmental instability?
    • Rahman Q., Wilson G.D. Sexual orientation and the 2nd to 4th finger length ratio: Evidence for organizing effects of sex hormones or developmental instability?. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2003, 28:288-303.
    • (2003) Psychoneuroendocrinology , vol.28 , pp. 288-303
    • Rahman, Q.1    Wilson, G.D.2
  • 62
    • 77950218906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (in press). Sexual dimorphism in second-to-fourth digit ratio and its relation to gender-role orientation in males and females. Personality and Individual Differences
    • Rammsayer, T.H., & Troche, S.J. (in press). Sexual dimorphism in second-to-fourth digit ratio and its relation to gender-role orientation in males and females. Personality and Individual Differences.
    • Rammsayer, T.H.1    Troche, S.J.2
  • 63
    • 30544433963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Examination marks of male university students positively correlate with finger length ratios (2D:4D)
    • Romano M., Leoni B., Saino N. Examination marks of male university students positively correlate with finger length ratios (2D:4D). Biological Psychology 2006, 71:175-182.
    • (2006) Biological Psychology , vol.71 , pp. 175-182
    • Romano, M.1    Leoni, B.2    Saino, N.3
  • 64
    • 0041055534 scopus 로고
    • Die Erfassung von Geschlechtsrollen - Ergebnisse zur deutschen Neukonstruktion des Bem Sex-Role-Inventory. [Assessment of sex roles - results of a German version of the Bem Sex-Role Inventory]
    • Schneider-Düker M., Kohler A. Die Erfassung von Geschlechtsrollen - Ergebnisse zur deutschen Neukonstruktion des Bem Sex-Role-Inventory. [Assessment of sex roles - results of a German version of the Bem Sex-Role Inventory]. Diagnostica 1988, 34:256-270.
    • (1988) Diagnostica , vol.34 , pp. 256-270
    • Schneider-Düker, M.1    Kohler, A.2
  • 65
    • 84868526120 scopus 로고
    • Las escalas de masculinidad y feminidad: Presupuestos subyacentes al modelo clásico y actual. Segunda parte: el modelo actual. [The scales on masculinity and femininity: Underlying assumptions of the classical and current models: II. The current model]
    • Sebastián J. Las escalas de masculinidad y feminidad: Presupuestos subyacentes al modelo clásico y actual. Segunda parte: el modelo actual. [The scales on masculinity and femininity: Underlying assumptions of the classical and current models: II. The current model]. Evaluación Psicológica 1990, 6:327-367.
    • (1990) Evaluación Psicológica , vol.6 , pp. 327-367
    • Sebastián, J.1
  • 66
    • 84965735596 scopus 로고
    • Masculine instrumentality and feminine expressiveness: Their relationships with sex role attitudes and behaviors
    • Spence J.T., Helmreich R.L. Masculine instrumentality and feminine expressiveness: Their relationships with sex role attitudes and behaviors. Psychology of Women Quarterly 1980, 5:147-163.
    • (1980) Psychology of Women Quarterly , vol.5 , pp. 147-163
    • Spence, J.T.1    Helmreich, R.L.2
  • 67
    • 2642620230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Results of screening 1. million Texas newborns for 21-hydroxylase-deficient congenital adrenal hyperplasia
    • Therrell B.L., Berenbaum S.A., Manter-Kapanke V., Simmank J., Korman K., Prentice L. Results of screening 1. million Texas newborns for 21-hydroxylase-deficient congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Pediatrics 1998, 101:583-590.
    • (1998) Pediatrics , vol.101 , pp. 583-590
    • Therrell, B.L.1    Berenbaum, S.A.2    Manter-Kapanke, V.3    Simmank, J.4    Korman, K.5    Prentice, L.6
  • 68
    • 0033772722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biological limits of gender construction
    • Udry J.R. Biological limits of gender construction. American Sociological Review 2000, 65:443-457.
    • (2000) American Sociological Review , vol.65 , pp. 443-457
    • Udry, J.R.1
  • 70
    • 32544448785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Finger-length ratios show evidence of prenatal hormone-transfer between opposite-sex twins
    • van Anders S.M., Vernon P.A., Wilbur C.J. Finger-length ratios show evidence of prenatal hormone-transfer between opposite-sex twins. Hormones and Behavior 2006, 49:315-319.
    • (2006) Hormones and Behavior , vol.49 , pp. 315-319
    • van Anders, S.M.1    Vernon, P.A.2    Wilbur, C.J.3
  • 72
    • 0000046565 scopus 로고
    • Finger-length as an index of assertiveness in women
    • Wilson G.D. Finger-length as an index of assertiveness in women. Personality and Individual Differences 1983, 4:111-112.
    • (1983) Personality and Individual Differences , vol.4 , pp. 111-112
    • Wilson, G.D.1
  • 73
    • 85047674204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A cross-cultural analysis of the behavior of women and men: Implications for the origins of sex differences
    • Wood W., Eagly A.H. A cross-cultural analysis of the behavior of women and men: Implications for the origins of sex differences. Psychological Bulletin 2002, 128:699-727.
    • (2002) Psychological Bulletin , vol.128 , pp. 699-727
    • Wood, W.1    Eagly, A.H.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.