메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 27, Issue 27-28, 2008, Pages 2484-2498

Middle Stone Age (MSA) site distributions in eastern Africa and their relationship to Quaternary environmental change, refugia and the evolution of Homo sapiens

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLIMATE CYCLES; EASTERN AFRICA; ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES; HOMO SAPIENS; LITHICS; MACRO SCALES; PALAEOVEGETATION; PUSH AND PULLS; SITE DISTRIBUTIONS; STONE AGES;

EID: 56949101124     PISSN: 02773791     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.09.010     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (115)

References (97)
  • 3
    • 0031414421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preliminary vegetation maps of the world since the last glacial maximum: an aid to archaeological understanding
    • Adams J.M., and Faure H. Preliminary vegetation maps of the world since the last glacial maximum: an aid to archaeological understanding. Journal of Archaeological Science 24 (1997) 623-647
    • (1997) Journal of Archaeological Science , vol.24 , pp. 623-647
    • Adams, J.M.1    Faure, H.2
  • 4
    • 0032098253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Late Pleistocene human population bottlenecks, volcanic winter and differentiation of modern humans
    • Ambrose S.H. Late Pleistocene human population bottlenecks, volcanic winter and differentiation of modern humans. Journal of Human Evolution 34 (1998) 623-651
    • (1998) Journal of Human Evolution , vol.34 , pp. 623-651
    • Ambrose, S.H.1
  • 7
    • 56949093303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bailey, G., King, G., Manighetti, I., 2000. Tectonics, volcanism, landscape structure and human evolution in the African Rift, in: Bailey, G., Charles, R., Winder, N. (Eds.). Human Ecodynamics: Proceedings of the Association for Environmental Archaeology Conference 1998 held at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne. Symposia of the Association for Environmental Archaeology. Oxbow Books.
    • Bailey, G., King, G., Manighetti, I., 2000. Tectonics, volcanism, landscape structure and human evolution in the African Rift, in: Bailey, G., Charles, R., Winder, N. (Eds.). Human Ecodynamics: Proceedings of the Association for Environmental Archaeology Conference 1998 held at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne. Symposia of the Association for Environmental Archaeology. Oxbow Books.
  • 9
    • 0000036263 scopus 로고
    • Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya Rift Volcanics
    • Baker B., Williams L., Miller J., and Fitch F. Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya Rift Volcanics. Tectonophysics 11 (1971) 44-70
    • (1971) Tectonophysics , vol.11 , pp. 44-70
    • Baker, B.1    Williams, L.2    Miller, J.3    Fitch, F.4
  • 10
    • 56949099734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basell, L.S., 2007. An Exploration of the Middle Stone Age of Eastern Africa and Excavations at Rambogo Rock Shelter, Kenya. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Cambridge.
    • Basell, L.S., 2007. An Exploration of the Middle Stone Age of Eastern Africa and Excavations at Rambogo Rock Shelter, Kenya. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Cambridge.
  • 12
    • 84901194696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magma chamber elongation as an indicator of intraplate stress field orientation: "borehole breakout mechanism" and examples from the Late Pleistocene to Recent Kenya Rift Valley
    • Jessell M.W., and Urai J.L. (Eds), A volume in honour of W.D. Means
    • Bosworth W., Burke K., and Strecker M. Magma chamber elongation as an indicator of intraplate stress field orientation: "borehole breakout mechanism" and examples from the Late Pleistocene to Recent Kenya Rift Valley. In: Jessell M.W., and Urai J.L. (Eds). Stress, Strain and Structure (2000), A volume in honour of W.D. Means
    • (2000) Stress, Strain and Structure
    • Bosworth, W.1    Burke, K.2    Strecker, M.3
  • 13
    • 0006269144 scopus 로고
    • The Upper Pleistocene and early Holocene prehistory of the Horn of Africa
    • Brandt S.A. The Upper Pleistocene and early Holocene prehistory of the Horn of Africa. The African Archaeological Review 4 (1986) 41-82
    • (1986) The African Archaeological Review , vol.4 , pp. 41-82
    • Brandt, S.A.1
  • 14
    • 0002949351 scopus 로고
    • A craniological approach to the origin of anatomically modern Homo sapiens in Africa and implications for the appearance of modern Europeans
    • Smith F.H., and Spencer F. (Eds), Alan R. Liss Inc., New York
    • Braüer G. A craniological approach to the origin of anatomically modern Homo sapiens in Africa and implications for the appearance of modern Europeans. In: Smith F.H., and Spencer F. (Eds). The Origins of Modern Humans: A World Survey of the Fossil Evidence (1984), Alan R. Liss Inc., New York 327-410
    • (1984) The Origins of Modern Humans: A World Survey of the Fossil Evidence , pp. 327-410
    • Braüer, G.1
  • 15
    • 0002807944 scopus 로고
    • Vers une Revision de la Nomenclature des Industries Prehistoriques de l'Afrique Centrale
    • Cahen D. Vers une Revision de la Nomenclature des Industries Prehistoriques de l'Afrique Centrale. L'Anthopologie 82 (1978) 5-36
    • (1978) L'Anthopologie , vol.82 , pp. 5-36
    • Cahen, D.1
  • 16
    • 0025680570 scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of the different basin-types in the East African Rift
    • Chorowicz J. Dynamics of the different basin-types in the East African Rift. Journal of African Earth Sciences 10 (1990) 271-282
    • (1990) Journal of African Earth Sciences , vol.10 , pp. 271-282
    • Chorowicz, J.1
  • 17
    • 0001006301 scopus 로고
    • The cultures of the Middle Palaeolithic/Middle Stone Age
    • Clark J.D. (Ed), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
    • Clark J.D. The cultures of the Middle Palaeolithic/Middle Stone Age. In: Clark J.D. (Ed). The Cambridge History of Africa Volume 1: From the Earliest Times to c. 500 BC (1982), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 248-342
    • (1982) The Cambridge History of Africa Volume 1: From the Earliest Times to c. 500 BC , pp. 248-342
    • Clark, J.D.1
  • 18
    • 0003230857 scopus 로고
    • The Middle Stone Age of East Africa and the Beginnings of Regional Identity
    • Clark J.D. The Middle Stone Age of East Africa and the Beginnings of Regional Identity. Journal of World Prehistory 2 (1988) 235-305
    • (1988) Journal of World Prehistory , vol.2 , pp. 235-305
    • Clark, J.D.1
  • 19
    • 0003015305 scopus 로고
    • The origins and spread of modern humans: a broad perspective on the African evidence
    • Mellars P., and Stringer C.B. (Eds), Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh
    • Clark J.D. The origins and spread of modern humans: a broad perspective on the African evidence. In: Mellars P., and Stringer C.B. (Eds). The Human Revolution (1989), Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh 565-588
    • (1989) The Human Revolution , pp. 565-588
    • Clark, J.D.1
  • 22
    • 34250135795 scopus 로고
    • PART I-A Middle Stone Age Occupation Site at Porc Epic Cave, Dire Dawa (east-central Ethiopia)
    • Clark J.D., and Williamson K.D. PART I-A Middle Stone Age Occupation Site at Porc Epic Cave, Dire Dawa (east-central Ethiopia). The African Archaeological Review 2 (1984) 37-71
    • (1984) The African Archaeological Review , vol.2 , pp. 37-71
    • Clark, J.D.1    Williamson, K.D.2
  • 24
    • 0006269725 scopus 로고
    • The Later Pleistocene cultures of Africa
    • Clark J.G.D. The Later Pleistocene cultures of Africa. Science 150 (1965) 833-847
    • (1965) Science , vol.150 , pp. 833-847
    • Clark, J.G.D.1
  • 27
    • 33750317392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Return of the last Neanderthal
    • Delson E., and Harvati K. Return of the last Neanderthal. Nature 443 (2006) 762-763
    • (2006) Nature , vol.443 , pp. 762-763
    • Delson, E.1    Harvati, K.2
  • 29
    • 0026490517 scopus 로고
    • The Central African rain forest: historical speculation and archaeological facts
    • Eggert M.K.H. The Central African rain forest: historical speculation and archaeological facts. World Archaeology 24 (1992) 1-24
    • (1992) World Archaeology , vol.24 , pp. 1-24
    • Eggert, M.K.H.1
  • 30
    • 22744433702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biogeography and the evolution of the genus Homo
    • Finlayson C. Biogeography and the evolution of the genus Homo. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 20 (2005) 457-463
    • (2005) Trends in Ecology and Evolution , vol.20 , pp. 457-463
    • Finlayson, C.1
  • 32
    • 0008963864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The East African Rift Basins
    • Selley R.C. (Ed), Elsevier Science BV, Amsterdam
    • Frostick L.E. The East African Rift Basins. In: Selley R.C. (Ed). African Basins, Chapter 9 (1997), Elsevier Science BV, Amsterdam 187-209
    • (1997) African Basins, Chapter 9 , pp. 187-209
    • Frostick, L.E.1
  • 34
    • 0006269574 scopus 로고
    • Fishing the waters of Amazonia: native subsistence economies in a tropical rain forest
    • Gragson T.L. Fishing the waters of Amazonia: native subsistence economies in a tropical rain forest. American Anthropologist 94 (1992) 428-440
    • (1992) American Anthropologist , vol.94 , pp. 428-440
    • Gragson, T.L.1
  • 35
    • 84980140219 scopus 로고
    • Electron spin resonance dating and the evolution of modern humans
    • Grün R., and Stringer C. Electron spin resonance dating and the evolution of modern humans. Archaeometry 33 (1991) 153-199
    • (1991) Archaeometry , vol.33 , pp. 153-199
    • Grün, R.1    Stringer, C.2
  • 36
    • 0348050050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hominid cranial remains from Upper Pleistocene Deposits at Aduma, Middle Awash, Ethiopia
    • Haile-Selassie Y., Asfaw B., and White T.D. Hominid cranial remains from Upper Pleistocene Deposits at Aduma, Middle Awash, Ethiopia. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 123 (2004) 1-10
    • (2004) American Journal of Physical Anthropology , vol.123 , pp. 1-10
    • Haile-Selassie, Y.1    Asfaw, B.2    White, T.D.3
  • 37
    • 0001981496 scopus 로고
    • The significance of patterns of distribution shown by forest plants and animals in tropical Africa for the reconstruction of Upper Pleistocene Palaeoenvironments: a review
    • Hamilton A. The significance of patterns of distribution shown by forest plants and animals in tropical Africa for the reconstruction of Upper Pleistocene Palaeoenvironments: a review. Palaeoecology of Africa 9 (1972-1974) 63-97
    • (1972) Palaeoecology of Africa , vol.9 , pp. 63-97
    • Hamilton, A.1
  • 38
    • 41549140390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selection on mitochondrial DNA
    • Harvati K., and Harrison T. (Eds), Springer, Dordrecht
    • Hawks J. Selection on mitochondrial DNA. In: Harvati K., and Harrison T. (Eds). Neanderthals Revisited. New Approaches and Perspectives (2006), Springer, Dordrecht 221-238
    • (2006) Neanderthals Revisited. New Approaches and Perspectives , pp. 221-238
    • Hawks, J.1
  • 40
    • 1442339469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The origin of modern human behavior: critique of the models and their test implications
    • Henshilwood C., and Marean C.A. The origin of modern human behavior: critique of the models and their test implications. Current Anthropology 44 (2003) 627-651
    • (2003) Current Anthropology , vol.44 , pp. 627-651
    • Henshilwood, C.1    Marean, C.A.2
  • 41
    • 35648953215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigating early hominin dispersal patterns: developing a framework for climate data integration
    • Hughes J.K., Haywood A., Mithen S., Sellwood B.W., and Valdes P.J. Investigating early hominin dispersal patterns: developing a framework for climate data integration. Journal of Human Evolution 53 (2007) 465-474
    • (2007) Journal of Human Evolution , vol.53 , pp. 465-474
    • Hughes, J.K.1    Haywood, A.2    Mithen, S.3    Sellwood, B.W.4    Valdes, P.J.5
  • 43
    • 0030663636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vegetation dynamics in central Africa since 18,000 yr BP: pollen records from the interlacustrine highlands of Burundi, Rwanda and western Uganda
    • Jolly D., Taylor D., Marchant R., Hamilton A., Bonnefille R., Buchet G., and Riollet G. Vegetation dynamics in central Africa since 18,000 yr BP: pollen records from the interlacustrine highlands of Burundi, Rwanda and western Uganda. Journal of Biogeography 24 (1997) 495-512
    • (1997) Journal of Biogeography , vol.24 , pp. 495-512
    • Jolly, D.1    Taylor, D.2    Marchant, R.3    Hamilton, A.4    Bonnefille, R.5    Buchet, G.6    Riollet, G.7
  • 44
  • 45
    • 80052348710 scopus 로고
    • Structural and volcanic evolution of the Gregory Rift Valley
    • Bishop W.W. (Ed), Scottish Academic Press, Edinburgh
    • King B.C. Structural and volcanic evolution of the Gregory Rift Valley. In: Bishop W.W. (Ed). Geological Background to Fossil Man (1978), Scottish Academic Press, Edinburgh 29-52
    • (1978) Geological Background to Fossil Man , pp. 29-52
    • King, B.C.1
  • 46
    • 35649014775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Astronomically forced climate change in the Kenyan Rift Valley 2.7-2.55 Ma: implications for the evolution of early human ecosystems
    • Kingston J.D., Deino A.L., Edgar R.K., and Hill A. Astronomically forced climate change in the Kenyan Rift Valley 2.7-2.55 Ma: implications for the evolution of early human ecosystems. Journal of Human Evolution 53 (2007) 487-503
    • (2007) Journal of Human Evolution , vol.53 , pp. 487-503
    • Kingston, J.D.1    Deino, A.L.2    Edgar, R.K.3    Hill, A.4
  • 48
    • 56949094292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complete MtDNA sequences-quest on 'Out-of-Africa' route completed?
    • Mellars P., Boyle K., Bar-Yosef O., and Stringer C. (Eds), McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Cambridge
    • Kivisild T. Complete MtDNA sequences-quest on 'Out-of-Africa' route completed?. In: Mellars P., Boyle K., Bar-Yosef O., and Stringer C. (Eds). Rethinking the Human Revolution (2007), McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Cambridge 21-32
    • (2007) Rethinking the Human Revolution , pp. 21-32
    • Kivisild, T.1
  • 49
    • 0001392631 scopus 로고
    • Problems in the study of the Middle Stone Age of South Africa
    • Klein R.G. Problems in the study of the Middle Stone Age of South Africa. South African Archaeological Bulletin 25 (1970) 127-135
    • (1970) South African Archaeological Bulletin , vol.25 , pp. 127-135
    • Klein, R.G.1
  • 50
    • 0043100089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hunter-gatherer land use patterns in Later Stone Age East Africa
    • Kusimba S.B. Hunter-gatherer land use patterns in Later Stone Age East Africa. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 18 (1999) 165-200
    • (1999) Journal of Anthropological Archaeology , vol.18 , pp. 165-200
    • Kusimba, S.B.1
  • 51
    • 27244461608 scopus 로고
    • Multiple dispersals and modern human origins
    • Lahr M.M., and Foley R. Multiple dispersals and modern human origins. Evolutionary Anthropology 3 (1994) 48-60
    • (1994) Evolutionary Anthropology , vol.3 , pp. 48-60
    • Lahr, M.M.1    Foley, R.2
  • 52
    • 35748984089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Finding resolution for the Howiesons Poort through the microscope: micro-residue analysis of segments from Sibudu Cave, South Africa
    • Lombard M. Finding resolution for the Howiesons Poort through the microscope: micro-residue analysis of segments from Sibudu Cave, South Africa. Journal of Archaeological Science 31 (2007) 26-41
    • (2007) Journal of Archaeological Science , vol.31 , pp. 26-41
    • Lombard, M.1
  • 53
    • 56949088028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mabulla, A., 1996. Middle and Later Stone Age land-use and lithic technology in the Eyasi Basin, Tanzania. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Florida.
    • Mabulla, A., 1996. Middle and Later Stone Age land-use and lithic technology in the Eyasi Basin, Tanzania. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Florida.
  • 54
    • 0031456783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Late Pleistocene and Holocene history at Mubwindi Swamp, Southwest Uganda
    • Marchant R., Taylor D., and Hamilton A.C. Late Pleistocene and Holocene history at Mubwindi Swamp, Southwest Uganda. Quaternary Research 47 (1997) 316-328
    • (1997) Quaternary Research , vol.47 , pp. 316-328
    • Marchant, R.1    Taylor, D.2    Hamilton, A.C.3
  • 55
    • 56949107779 scopus 로고
    • The Middle Stone Age with reference to Tanzania
    • Braüer G., and Smith F.H. (Eds), Balkema, Rotterdam
    • Masao F.T. The Middle Stone Age with reference to Tanzania. In: Braüer G., and Smith F.H. (Eds). Continuity or Replacement (1992), Balkema, Rotterdam 99-109
    • (1992) Continuity or Replacement , pp. 99-109
    • Masao, F.T.1
  • 56
    • 35648997881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tectonics, orbital forcing, global climate change, and human evolution in Africa: introduction to the African paleoclimate special volume
    • Maslin M.A., and Christensen B. Tectonics, orbital forcing, global climate change, and human evolution in Africa: introduction to the African paleoclimate special volume. Journal of Human Evolution 53 (2007) 443-464
    • (2007) Journal of Human Evolution , vol.53 , pp. 443-464
    • Maslin, M.A.1    Christensen, B.2
  • 57
    • 0142252675 scopus 로고
    • Une Evaluation du Sangoen: son Age, son Environnement et son Rapport avec L'Origine de L'Homo Sapiens
    • McBrearty S. Une Evaluation du Sangoen: son Age, son Environnement et son Rapport avec L'Origine de L'Homo Sapiens. L'Anthropologie 91 (1987) 497-510
    • (1987) L'Anthropologie , vol.91 , pp. 497-510
    • McBrearty, S.1
  • 58
    • 0023476151 scopus 로고
    • The Sangoan-Lupemban and Middle Stone Age sequence at Muguruk site, western Kenya
    • McBrearty S. The Sangoan-Lupemban and Middle Stone Age sequence at Muguruk site, western Kenya. World Archaeology 19 (1988) 379-420
    • (1988) World Archaeology , vol.19 , pp. 379-420
    • McBrearty, S.1
  • 59
    • 0034493580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The revolution that wasn't: a new interpretation of the origin of modern human behaviour
    • 453-563
    • McBrearty S., and Brooks A. The revolution that wasn't: a new interpretation of the origin of modern human behaviour. Journal of Human Evolution 39 (2000) 453-563
    • (2000) Journal of Human Evolution , vol.39
    • McBrearty, S.1    Brooks, A.2
  • 61
    • 0027336231 scopus 로고
    • Mass-spectrometric U-series dates for Israeli Neanderthal/early modern hominid sites
    • McDermott F., Grün R., Stringer C.B., and Hawkesworth C.J. Mass-spectrometric U-series dates for Israeli Neanderthal/early modern hominid sites. Nature 363 (1993) 252-255
    • (1993) Nature , vol.363 , pp. 252-255
    • McDermott, F.1    Grün, R.2    Stringer, C.B.3    Hawkesworth, C.J.4
  • 62
    • 0023471148 scopus 로고
    • Provenience, age and associations of archaic Homo sapiens crania from Lake Eyasi, Tanzania
    • Mehlman M.J. Provenience, age and associations of archaic Homo sapiens crania from Lake Eyasi, Tanzania. Journal of Archaeological Science 14 (1987) 133-162
    • (1987) Journal of Archaeological Science , vol.14 , pp. 133-162
    • Mehlman, M.J.1
  • 63
    • 56949088862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mehlman, M.J., 1989. Later Quaternary archaeological sequences in northern Tanzania. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Illinois.
    • Mehlman, M.J., 1989. Later Quaternary archaeological sequences in northern Tanzania. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Illinois.
  • 65
    • 0141907876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forest people: the role of African rainforests in human evolution and dispersal
    • Mercader J. Forest people: the role of African rainforests in human evolution and dispersal. Evolutionary Anthropology 11 (2002) 117-124
    • (2002) Evolutionary Anthropology , vol.11 , pp. 117-124
    • Mercader, J.1
  • 66
    • 31444452233 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of environment utilization by late prehistoric cultures in the southern Congo basin
    • Bower J., and Lubell D. (Eds), BAR International Series 405, Oxford
    • Miller S.F. Patterns of environment utilization by late prehistoric cultures in the southern Congo basin. In: Bower J., and Lubell D. (Eds). Prehistoric Cultures and Environments in the Late Quaternary of Africa (1988), BAR International Series 405, Oxford 127-144
    • (1988) Prehistoric Cultures and Environments in the Late Quaternary of Africa , pp. 127-144
    • Miller, S.F.1
  • 67
    • 0001591105 scopus 로고
    • Quaternary volcanism and faulting at O'A Caldera Central Ethiopian Rift
    • Mohr P., Mitchell J.G., and Reynolds R.G.H. Quaternary volcanism and faulting at O'A Caldera Central Ethiopian Rift. Bulletin of Volcanology 43 (1980) 173-189
    • (1980) Bulletin of Volcanology , vol.43 , pp. 173-189
    • Mohr, P.1    Mitchell, J.G.2    Reynolds, R.G.H.3
  • 68
    • 0016629918 scopus 로고
    • The bottleneck effect and genetic variability in populations
    • Nei M., Maruyama T., and Chakraborty R. The bottleneck effect and genetic variability in populations. Evolution 29 (1975) 1-10
    • (1975) Evolution , vol.29 , pp. 1-10
    • Nei, M.1    Maruyama, T.2    Chakraborty, R.3
  • 69
    • 56949085738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Owen-Smith, N., 1995. African savanna ecology, herbivore-habitat relations, and climate change, in: Wenner-Gren Conference. Background paper for participants in Symposium no. 119 "African Biogeography, Climate Change, and Early Hominid Evolution". Malawi.
    • Owen-Smith, N., 1995. African savanna ecology, herbivore-habitat relations, and climate change, in: Wenner-Gren Conference. Background paper for participants in Symposium no. 119 "African Biogeography, Climate Change, and Early Hominid Evolution". Malawi.
  • 71
    • 0002569707 scopus 로고
    • L'evolution des paysages du bassin interieur du Zaire pendant les Quarante derniers millenaires
    • Lanfranchi R., and Schwartz D. (Eds), Editions OSTROM, Paris
    • Preuss J. L'evolution des paysages du bassin interieur du Zaire pendant les Quarante derniers millenaires. In: Lanfranchi R., and Schwartz D. (Eds). Paysages de l'Afrique Centrale Atlantique (1990), Editions OSTROM, Paris 260-270
    • (1990) Paysages de l'Afrique Centrale Atlantique , pp. 260-270
    • Preuss, J.1
  • 72
    • 0032835649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Widely dispersed Quaternary tephra in Africa
    • Pyle D.M. Widely dispersed Quaternary tephra in Africa. Global and Planetary Change 21 (1999) 95-112
    • (1999) Global and Planetary Change , vol.21 , pp. 95-112
    • Pyle, D.M.1
  • 73
    • 84870949589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Volcanic winter in the Garden of Eden: the Toba super-eruption and the Late Pleistocene human population crash
    • McCoy F.W., and Heiken G. (Eds), Geological Society of America Special Paper 342
    • Rampino M.R., and Ambrose S. Volcanic winter in the Garden of Eden: the Toba super-eruption and the Late Pleistocene human population crash. In: McCoy F.W., and Heiken G. (Eds). Volcanic Hazards and Disasters in Human Antiquity (2000), Geological Society of America Special Paper 342 71-82
    • (2000) Volcanic Hazards and Disasters in Human Antiquity , pp. 71-82
    • Rampino, M.R.1    Ambrose, S.2
  • 75
    • 0029240406 scopus 로고
    • Genetic evidence on modern human origins
    • Rogers A., and Jorde L.B. Genetic evidence on modern human origins. Human Biology 67 (1995) 1-36
    • (1995) Human Biology , vol.67 , pp. 1-36
    • Rogers, A.1    Jorde, L.B.2
  • 76
    • 31444452509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early evidence of complexity in lithic economy: core-axe production, hafting and use at Late Middle Pleistocene site 8-B-11, Sai Island (Sudan)
    • Rots V., and Van Peer P. Early evidence of complexity in lithic economy: core-axe production, hafting and use at Late Middle Pleistocene site 8-B-11, Sai Island (Sudan). Journal of Archaeological Science 33 (2006) 360-371
    • (2006) Journal of Archaeological Science , vol.33 , pp. 360-371
    • Rots, V.1    Van Peer, P.2
  • 77
    • 0036794436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Out of Africa with regional interbreeding? Modern human origins
    • Satta Y., and Takahata N. Out of Africa with regional interbreeding? Modern human origins. BioEssays 24 (2002) 871-875
    • (2002) BioEssays , vol.24 , pp. 871-875
    • Satta, Y.1    Takahata, N.2
  • 78
    • 0004283770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gerbrüder Borntraeger, Berlin, Stuttgart
    • Schlüter T. Geology of East Africa (1997), Gerbrüder Borntraeger, Berlin, Stuttgart
    • (1997) Geology of East Africa
    • Schlüter, T.1
  • 79
    • 33645075177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The origins of lithic projectile point technology: evidence from Africa, the Levant, and Europe
    • Shea J. The origins of lithic projectile point technology: evidence from Africa, the Levant, and Europe. Journal of Archaeological Science 33 (2006) 823-846
    • (2006) Journal of Archaeological Science , vol.33 , pp. 823-846
    • Shea, J.1
  • 81
    • 37549054661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is the glacial refugium concept relevant for northern species? A comment on Pruett and Winker 2005
    • Stewart J.R., and Dalen L. Is the glacial refugium concept relevant for northern species? A comment on Pruett and Winker 2005. Climatic Change 86 (2008) 19-22
    • (2008) Climatic Change , vol.86 , pp. 19-22
    • Stewart, J.R.1    Dalen, L.2
  • 82
    • 56949096013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The origin and dispersal of Homo sapiens: our current state of knowledge
    • Mellars P., Boyle K., Bar-Yosef O., and Stringer C. (Eds), McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Cambridge
    • Stringer C. The origin and dispersal of Homo sapiens: our current state of knowledge. In: Mellars P., Boyle K., Bar-Yosef O., and Stringer C. (Eds). Rethinking the Human Revolution (2007), McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Cambridge 12-20
    • (2007) Rethinking the Human Revolution , pp. 12-20
    • Stringer, C.1
  • 83
    • 0024476443 scopus 로고
    • ESR dates for the hominid burial site of Es Skhul in Israel
    • Stringer C.B., Grün R., Schwarcz H.P., and Goldberg P. ESR dates for the hominid burial site of Es Skhul in Israel. Nature 338 (1989) 756-758
    • (1989) Nature , vol.338 , pp. 756-758
    • Stringer, C.B.1    Grün, R.2    Schwarcz, H.P.3    Goldberg, P.4
  • 84
    • 0003069765 scopus 로고
    • Biochronology, paleoecology and dispersal events of hominids in the Southern Levant
    • Akazawa T., Aoki K., and Bar-Josef O. (Eds), Plenum Press, New York
    • Tchernov E. Biochronology, paleoecology and dispersal events of hominids in the Southern Levant. In: Akazawa T., Aoki K., and Bar-Josef O. (Eds). Neandertals and Modern Humans in Western Asia (1992), Plenum Press, New York 149-188
    • (1992) Neandertals and Modern Humans in Western Asia , pp. 149-188
    • Tchernov, E.1
  • 90
    • 80052355644 scopus 로고
    • Character of Quaternary volcanism in the Gregory Rift Valley
    • Bishop W.W. (Ed), Scottish Academic Press, Edinburgh
    • Williams L. Character of Quaternary volcanism in the Gregory Rift Valley. In: Bishop W.W. (Ed). Geological Background to Fossil Man (1978), Scottish Academic Press, Edinburgh 55-69
    • (1978) Geological Background to Fossil Man , pp. 55-69
    • Williams, L.1
  • 92
    • 85040209362 scopus 로고
    • Williams M.A.J., and Faure H. (Eds), A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam
    • In: Williams M.A.J., and Faure H. (Eds). The Sahara and the Nile (1980), A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam
    • (1980) The Sahara and the Nile
  • 95
    • 77956886432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Volcanism, tectonism, sedimentation and the paleoanthropological record in the Ethiopian Rift System
    • McCoy F.W., and Heiken G. (Eds), Geological Society of America, Special Paper
    • WoldeGabriel G., Heiken G., White T.D., Asfaw B., Hart W.K., and Renne P.R. Volcanism, tectonism, sedimentation and the paleoanthropological record in the Ethiopian Rift System. In: McCoy F.W., and Heiken G. (Eds). Volcanic Hazards and Disasters in Human Antiquity (2000), Geological Society of America, Special Paper 83-99
    • (2000) Volcanic Hazards and Disasters in Human Antiquity , pp. 83-99
    • WoldeGabriel, G.1    Heiken, G.2    White, T.D.3    Asfaw, B.4    Hart, W.K.5    Renne, P.R.6
  • 96
    • 0033971505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of paleo-records in determining variability within the volcanism-climate system
    • Zielinski G.A. Use of paleo-records in determining variability within the volcanism-climate system. Quaternary Science Reviews 19 (2000) 417-438
    • (2000) Quaternary Science Reviews , vol.19 , pp. 417-438
    • Zielinski, G.A.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.