메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 2, Issue 10, 2008, Pages

Complexities of assessing the disease burden attributable to leishmaniasis

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMPHOTERICIN B LIPID COMPLEX; ANTILEISHMANIAL AGENT; ANTIMONY DERIVATIVE;

EID: 56149121336     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000313     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (292)

References (115)
  • 1
    • 84882489798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • eds. Tropical infectious diseases: principles, pathogens and practice. Edinburgh, Scotland: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier. pp
    • Jeronimo SMB, de Queiroz Sousa A, Pearson RD (2006) Leishmaniasis. In: Guerrant RL, Walker DH, Weller PF, eds. Tropical infectious diseases: principles, pathogens and practice. Edinburgh, Scotland: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier. pp 1095-1113.
    • (2006) Leishmaniasis , pp. 1095-1113
    • Jeronimo, S.M.B.1    de Queiroz Sousa, A.2    Pearson, R.D.3
  • 2
    • 11944250138 scopus 로고
    • Control of the leishmaniases. Report of a WHO Expert Committee
    • World Health Organization
    • World Health Organization (1990) Control of the leishmaniases. Report of a WHO Expert Committee. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser 793: 1-158.
    • (1990) World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser , vol.793 , pp. 1-158
  • 3
    • 0037183163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The world's most neglected diseases [editorial]
    • Yamey G, Torreele E (2002) The world's most neglected diseases [editorial]. British Medical Journal 325: 176-177.
    • (2002) British Medical Journal , vol.325 , pp. 176-177
    • Yamey, G.1    Torreele, E.2
  • 5
    • 41849101330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring the burden of neglected tropical diseases: The global burden of disease framework
    • doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0000114
    • Mathers CD, Ezzati M, Lopez AD (2007) Measuring the burden of neglected tropical diseases: The global burden of disease framework. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 1: E114. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0000114.
    • (2007) PLoS Negl Trop Dis , vol.1
    • Mathers, C.D.1    Ezzati, M.2    Lopez, A.D.3
  • 6
    • 11344279997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in 2004
    • Murray HW (2004) Treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in 2004. Am J Trop Med Hyg 71: 787-794.
    • (2004) Am J Trop Med Hyg , vol.71 , pp. 787-794
    • Murray, H.W.1
  • 7
    • 0033847909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized controlled trial of insecticide-treated bednets and chaddars or top sheets, and residual spraying of interior rooms for the prevention of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Kabul, Afghanistan
    • Reyburn H, Ashford R, Mohsen M, Hewitt S, Rowland M (2000) A randomized controlled trial of insecticide-treated bednets and chaddars or top sheets, and residual spraying of interior rooms for the prevention of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Kabul, Afghanistan. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 94: 361-366.
    • (2000) Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg , vol.94 , pp. 361-366
    • Reyburn, H.1    Ashford, R.2    Mohsen, M.3    Hewitt, S.4    Rowland, M.5
  • 10
    • 33847140181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of a mass distribution programme for fine-mesh impregnated bednets against visceral leishmaniasis in eastern Sudan
    • Ritmeijer K, Davies C, van Zorge R, Wang SJ, Schorscher J, et al. (2007) Evaluation of a mass distribution programme for fine-mesh impregnated bednets against visceral leishmaniasis in eastern Sudan. Trop Med Int Health 12: 404-414.
    • (2007) Trop Med Int Health , vol.12 , pp. 404-414
    • Ritmeijer, K.1    Davies, C.2    van Zorge, R.3    Wang, S.J.4    Schorscher, J.5
  • 11
    • 33744486308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incorporating a Rapid-Impact Package for Neglected Tropical Diseases with Programs for HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria
    • doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0030102
    • Hotez PJ, Molyneux DH, Fenwick A, Ottesen E, Ehrlich Sachs S, et al. (2006) Incorporating a Rapid-Impact Package for Neglected Tropical Diseases with Programs for HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria. PLoS Med 3: E102. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0030102.
    • (2006) PLoS Med , vol.3
    • Hotez, P.J.1    Molyneux, D.H.2    Fenwick, A.3    Ottesen, E.4    Ehrlich Sachs, S.5
  • 12
    • 33646205023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in Bangladesh: Prospects for improved control
    • Bern C, Chowdhury R (2006) The epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in Bangladesh: Prospects for improved control. Indian J Med Res 123: 275-288.
    • (2006) Indian J Med Res , vol.123 , pp. 275-288
    • Bern, C.1    Chowdhury, R.2
  • 16
    • 0022836755 scopus 로고
    • Mucosal leishmaniasis ("espundia" Escomel, 1911)
    • Marsden PD (1986) Mucosal leishmaniasis ("espundia" Escomel, 1911). Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 80: 859-876.
    • (1986) Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg , vol.80 , pp. 859-876
    • Marsden, P.D.1
  • 17
    • 14744293250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visceral leishmaniasis in pregnancy: A case series and a systematic review of the literature
    • Pagliano P, Carannante N, Rossi M, Gramiccia M, Gradoni L, et al. (2005) Visceral leishmaniasis in pregnancy: A case series and a systematic review of the literature. J Antimicrob Chemother 55: 229-233.
    • (2005) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.55 , pp. 229-233
    • Pagliano, P.1    Carannante, N.2    Rossi, M.3    Gramiccia, M.4    Gradoni, L.5
  • 18
    • 0030249268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leishmaniasis. Public health aspects and control
    • Desjeux P (1996) Leishmaniasis. Public health aspects and control. Clin Dermatol 14: 417-423.
    • (1996) Clin Dermatol , vol.14 , pp. 417-423
    • Desjeux, P.1
  • 19
    • 33745207438 scopus 로고
    • History of kala-azar in India
    • Sengupta PC (1947) History of kala-azar in India. Indian Medical Gazette 82: 281-286.
    • (1947) Indian Medical Gazette , vol.82 , pp. 281-286
    • Sengupta, P.C.1
  • 20
    • 1442302894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conflict and kala-azar: Determinants of adverse outcomes of kala-azar among patients in southern Sudan
    • Collin S, Davidson R, Ritmeijer K, Keus K, Melaku Y, et al. (2004) Conflict and kala-azar: Determinants of adverse outcomes of kala-azar among patients in southern Sudan. Clin Infect Dis 38: 612-619.
    • (2004) Clin Infect Dis , vol.38 , pp. 612-619
    • Collin, S.1    Davidson, R.2    Ritmeijer, K.3    Keus, K.4    Melaku, Y.5
  • 21
    • 28344454353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) in hospitalized children from an endemic area
    • Rey LC, Martins CV, Ribeiro HB, Lima AA (2005) American visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) in hospitalized children from an endemic area. J Pediatr (Rio J) 81: 73-78.
    • (2005) J Pediatr (Rio J) , vol.81 , pp. 73-78
    • Rey, L.C.1    Martins, C.V.2    Ribeiro, H.B.3    Lima, A.A.4
  • 24
    • 56149113340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis: New observations challenge previous assumptions
    • ICDDRB
    • ICDDRB (2007) Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis: New observations challenge previous assumptions. Health and Science Bulletin 5: 6-12.
    • (2007) Health and Science Bulletin , vol.5 , pp. 6-12
  • 26
    • 3042555141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leishmaniasis: Current situation and new perspectives
    • Desjeux P (2004) Leishmaniasis: Current situation and new perspectives. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 27: 305-318.
    • (2004) Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis , vol.27 , pp. 305-318
    • Desjeux, P.1
  • 27
    • 34249103963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consultative meeting to develop a strategy for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Institute Pasteur, Paris. 13-15 June, 2006
    • Modabber F, Buffet PA, Torreele E, Milon G, Croft SL (2007) Consultative meeting to develop a strategy for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Institute Pasteur, Paris. 13-15 June, 2006. Kinetoplastid Biol Dis 6: 3.
    • (2007) Kinetoplastid Biol Dis , vol.6 , pp. 3
    • Modabber, F.1    Buffet, P.A.2    Torreele, E.3    Milon, G.4    Croft, S.L.5
  • 28
    • 0033709605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of environmental change on emerging parasitic diseases
    • Patz JA, Graczyk TK, Geller N, Vittor AY (2000) Effects of environmental change on emerging parasitic diseases. Int J Parasitol 30: 1395-1405.
    • (2000) Int J Parasitol , vol.30 , pp. 1395-1405
    • Patz, J.A.1    Graczyk, T.K.2    Geller, N.3    Vittor, A.Y.4
  • 30
    • 0026770461 scopus 로고
    • Ten years of kala-azar in west Bengal, Part 1. Did post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis initiate the outbreak in 24-Parganas?
    • Addy M, Nandy A (1992) Ten years of kala-azar in west Bengal, Part 1. Did post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis initiate the outbreak in 24-Parganas? Bull World Health Organ 70: 341-346.
    • (1992) Bull World Health Organ , vol.70 , pp. 341-346
    • Addy, M.1    Nandy, A.2
  • 31
    • 34347218231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis and asymptomatic leishmanial infection in a highly endemic Bangladeshi village
    • Bern C, Haque R, Chowdhury R, Ali M, Kurkjian KM, et al. (2007) The epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis and asymptomatic leishmanial infection in a highly endemic Bangladeshi village. Am J Trop Med Hyg 76: 909-914.
    • (2007) Am J Trop Med Hyg , vol.76 , pp. 909-914
    • Bern, C.1    Haque, R.2    Chowdhury, R.3    Ali, M.4    Kurkjian, K.M.5
  • 34
    • 0026543392 scopus 로고
    • Estimation of population at risk of infection and number of cases of leishmaniasis
    • Ashford RW, Desjeux P, deRaadt P (1992) Estimation of population at risk of infection and number of cases of leishmaniasis. Parasitology Today 8: 104-105.
    • (1992) Parasitology Today , vol.8 , pp. 104-105
    • Ashford, R.W.1    Desjeux, P.2    deRaadt, P.3
  • 36
    • 33744898842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serious underreporting of visceral leishmaniasis through passive case reporting in Bihar, India
    • Singh SP, Reddy DC, Rai M, Sundar S (2006) Serious underreporting of visceral leishmaniasis through passive case reporting in Bihar, India. Trop Med Int Health 11: 899-905.
    • (2006) Trop Med Int Health , vol.11 , pp. 899-905
    • Singh, S.P.1    Reddy, D.C.2    Rai, M.3    Sundar, S.4
  • 37
    • 0025065350 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of active and passive case detection of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Guatemala
    • Copeland HW, Arana BA, Navin TR (1990) Comparison of active and passive case detection of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Guatemala. Am J Trop Med Hyg 43: 257-259.
    • (1990) Am J Trop Med Hyg , vol.43 , pp. 257-259
    • Copeland, H.W.1    Arana, B.A.2    Navin, T.R.3
  • 38
  • 41
    • 33745287793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Health Organization , Geneva: WHO
    • World Health Organization (2002) Global Burden of Disease Estimates. Geneva: WHO.
    • (2002) Global Burden of Disease Estimates
  • 42
    • 34848818797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kala-azar outbreak in Libo Kemkem, Ethiopia: Epidemiologic and parasitologic assessment
    • Alvar J, Bashaye S, Argaw D, Cruz I, Aparicio P, et al. (2007) Kala-azar outbreak in Libo Kemkem, Ethiopia: Epidemiologic and parasitologic assessment. Am J Trop Med Hyg 77: 275-282.
    • (2007) Am J Trop Med Hyg , vol.77 , pp. 275-282
    • Alvar, J.1    Bashaye, S.2    Argaw, D.3    Cruz, I.4    Aparicio, P.5
  • 43
    • 18744387204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The interplay between environmental and host factors during an outbreak of visceral leishmaniasis in eastern Sudan
    • Bucheton B, Kheir MM, El-Safi SH, Hammad A, Mergani A, et al. (2002) The interplay between environmental and host factors during an outbreak of visceral leishmaniasis in eastern Sudan. Microbes Infect 4: 1449-1457.
    • (2002) Microbes Infect , vol.4 , pp. 1449-1457
    • Bucheton, B.1    Kheir, M.M.2    El-Safi, S.H.3    Hammad, A.4    Mergani, A.5
  • 45
    • 0029683015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The roles of Phlebotomus martini and P.celiae (Diptera: Phlebotominae) as vectors of visceral leishmaniasis in the Aba Roba focus, southern Ethiopia
    • Gebre-Michael T, Lane RP (1996) The roles of Phlebotomus martini and P.celiae (Diptera: Phlebotominae) as vectors of visceral leishmaniasis in the Aba Roba focus, southern Ethiopia. Med Vet Entomol 10: 53-62.
    • (1996) Med Vet Entomol , vol.10 , pp. 53-62
    • Gebre-Michael, T.1    Lane, R.P.2
  • 46
    • 0033709808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The leishmaniases as emerging and reemerging zoonoses
    • Ashford RW (2000) The leishmaniases as emerging and reemerging zoonoses. Int J Parasitol 30: 1269-1281.
    • (2000) Int J Parasitol , vol.30 , pp. 1269-1281
    • Ashford, R.W.1
  • 48
    • 0030971755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phlebotomine sandflies in a focus of visceral leishmaniasis in a border area of eastern Sudan
    • Elnaiem DA, Hassan HK, Ward RD (1997) Phlebotomine sandflies in a focus of visceral leishmaniasis in a border area of eastern Sudan. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 91: 307-318.
    • (1997) Ann Trop Med Parasitol , vol.91 , pp. 307-318
    • Elnaiem, D.A.1    Hassan, H.K.2    Ward, R.D.3
  • 49
    • 0029659734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epidemic of visceral leishmaniasis in western Upper Nile, southern Sudan: Course and impact from 1984 to 1994
    • Seaman J, Mercer AJ, Sondorp E (1996) The epidemic of visceral leishmaniasis in western Upper Nile, southern Sudan: Course and impact from 1984 to 1994. Int J Epidemiol 25: 862-871.
    • (1996) Int J Epidemiol , vol.25 , pp. 862-871
    • Seaman, J.1    Mercer, A.J.2    Sondorp, E.3
  • 50
    • 0035014611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Egyptian mongoose, Herpestes ichneumon, is a possible reservoir host of visceral leishmaniasis in eastern Sudan
    • Elnaiem DA, Hassan MM, Maingon R, Nureldin GH, Mekawi AM, et al. (2001) The Egyptian mongoose, Herpestes ichneumon, is a possible reservoir host of visceral leishmaniasis in eastern Sudan. Parasitology 122: 531-536.
    • (2001) Parasitology , vol.122 , pp. 531-536
    • Elnaiem, D.A.1    Hassan, M.M.2    Maingon, R.3    Nureldin, G.H.4    Mekawi, A.M.5
  • 51
    • 10744220107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visceral leishmaniasis in eastern Sudan: Parasite identification in humans and dogs; host-parasite relationships
    • Dereure J, El-Safi SH, Bucheton B, Boni M, Kheir MM, et al. (2003) Visceral leishmaniasis in eastern Sudan: Parasite identification in humans and dogs; host-parasite relationships. Microbes Infect 5: 1103-1108.
    • (2003) Microbes Infect , vol.5 , pp. 1103-1108
    • Dereure, J.1    El-Safi, S.H.2    Bucheton, B.3    Boni, M.4    Kheir, M.M.5
  • 52
    • 0035348374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The increase in risk factors for leishmaniasis worldwide
    • Desjeux P (2001) The increase in risk factors for leishmaniasis worldwide. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 95: 239-243.
    • (2001) Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg , vol.95 , pp. 239-243
    • Desjeux, P.1
  • 53
    • 0025832829 scopus 로고
    • Kala-azar in displaced people from southern Sudan: Epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic findings
    • Zijlstra EE, Ali MS, el-Hassan AM, el-Toum IA, Satti M, et al. (1991) Kala-azar in displaced people from southern Sudan: Epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic findings. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 85: 365-369.
    • (1991) Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg , vol.85 , pp. 365-369
    • Zijlstra, E.E.1    Ali, M.S.2    el-Hassan, A.M.3    el-Toum, I.A.4    Satti, M.5
  • 54
    • 0034923317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Malnutrition alters the innate immune response and increases early visceralization following Leishmania donovani infection
    • Anstead GM, Chandrasekar B, Zhao W, Yang J, Perez LE, et al. (2001) Malnutrition alters the innate immune response and increases early visceralization following Leishmania donovani infection. Infect Immun 69: 4709-4718.
    • (2001) Infect Immun , vol.69 , pp. 4709-4718
    • Anstead, G.M.1    Chandrasekar, B.2    Zhao, W.3    Yang, J.4    Perez, L.E.5
  • 55
    • 0022447028 scopus 로고
    • A prospective study of visceral leishmaniasis in an endemic area of Brazil
    • Badaro R, Jones TC, Lorenco R, Cerf BJ, Sampaio D, et al. (1986) A prospective study of visceral leishmaniasis in an endemic area of Brazil. J Infect Dis 154: 639-649.
    • (1986) J Infect Dis , vol.154 , pp. 639-649
    • Badaro, R.1    Jones, T.C.2    Lorenco, R.3    Cerf, B.J.4    Sampaio, D.5
  • 57
    • 47749112446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology and Clinical Features of Patients with Visceral Leishmaniasis Treated by an MSF Clinic in Bakool Region, Somalia, 2004-2006
    • doi:10.1371/ journal.pntd.0000085
    • Raguenaud ME, Jansson A, Vanlerberghe V, Van der Auwera G, Deborggraeve S, et al. (2007) Epidemiology and Clinical Features of Patients with Visceral Leishmaniasis Treated by an MSF Clinic in Bakool Region, Somalia, 2004-2006. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 1: E85. doi:10.1371/ journal.pntd.0000085..
    • (2007) PLoS Negl Trop Dis , vol.1
    • Raguenaud, M.E.1    Jansson, A.2    Vanlerberghe, V.3    Van der Auwera, G.4    Deborggraeve, S.5
  • 58
    • 0034896561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) outbreak in Somali refugees and Kenyan shepherds, Kenya
    • Boussery G, Boelaert M, van Peteghem J, Ejikon P, Henckaerts K (2001) Visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) outbreak in Somali refugees and Kenyan shepherds, Kenya. Emerg Infect Dis 7: 603-604.
    • (2001) Emerg Infect Dis , vol.7 , pp. 603-604
    • Boussery, G.1    Boelaert, M.2    van Peteghem, J.3    Ejikon, P.4    Henckaerts, K.5
  • 59
    • 7244219925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emergence or re-emergence of visceral leishmaniasis in areas of Somalia, north-eastern Kenya, and south-eastern Ethiopia in 2000-01
    • Marlet MV, Sang DK, Ritmeijer K, Muga RO, Onsongo J, et al. (2003) Emergence or re-emergence of visceral leishmaniasis in areas of Somalia, north-eastern Kenya, and south-eastern Ethiopia in 2000-01. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 97: 515-518.
    • (2003) Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg , vol.97 , pp. 515-518
    • Marlet, M.V.1    Sang, D.K.2    Ritmeijer, K.3    Muga, R.O.4    Onsongo, J.5
  • 60
  • 61
    • 33846950803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treating cutaneous leishmaniasis patients in Kabul, Afghanistan: Cost-effectiveness of an operational program in a complex emergency setting
    • Reithinger R, Coleman PG (2007) Treating cutaneous leishmaniasis patients in Kabul, Afghanistan: Cost-effectiveness of an operational program in a complex emergency setting. BMC Infect Dis 7: 3.
    • (2007) BMC Infect Dis , vol.7 , pp. 3
    • Reithinger, R.1    Coleman, P.G.2
  • 62
    • 0142061657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The prolonged epidemic of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Kabul, Afghanistan: 'bringing down the neighbourhood'
    • Reyburn H, Rowland M, Mohsen M, Khan B, Davies C (2003) The prolonged epidemic of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Kabul, Afghanistan: 'bringing down the neighbourhood'. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 97: 170-176.
    • (2003) Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg , vol.97 , pp. 170-176
    • Reyburn, H.1    Rowland, M.2    Mohsen, M.3    Khan, B.4    Davies, C.5
  • 63
    • 56149088932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Health Organization. Report of the 5th Consultative Meeting on Leishmania/HIV Coinfection. WHO Technical Report Series WHO/CDS/ NTD/IDM/2007.5.; 2007 20-22 March 2007; Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
    • World Health Organization. Report of the 5th Consultative Meeting on Leishmania/HIV Coinfection. WHO Technical Report Series WHO/CDS/ NTD/IDM/2007.5.; 2007 20-22 March 2007; Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
  • 64
    • 0041659073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visceral leishmaniasis and HIV in Tigray, Ethiopia
    • Lyons S, Veeken H, Long J (2003) Visceral leishmaniasis and HIV in Tigray, Ethiopia. Trop Med Int Health 8: 733-739.
    • (2003) Trop Med Int Health , vol.8 , pp. 733-739
    • Lyons, S.1    Veeken, H.2    Long, J.3
  • 65
    • 33746083226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of miltefosine and sodium stibogluconate for treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in an Ethiopian population with high prevalence of HIV infection
    • Ritmeijer K, Dejenie A, Assefa Y, Hundie TB, Mesure J, et al. (2006) A comparison of miltefosine and sodium stibogluconate for treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in an Ethiopian population with high prevalence of HIV infection. Clin Infect Dis 43: 357-364.
    • (2006) Clin Infect Dis , vol.43 , pp. 357-364
    • Ritmeijer, K.1    Dejenie, A.2    Assefa, Y.3    Hundie, T.B.4    Mesure, J.5
  • 66
    • 0032898246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infection of sand flies by humans coinfected with Leishmania infantum and human immunodeficiency virus
    • Molina R, Lohse JM, Pulido F, Laguna F, Lopez-Velez R, et al. (1999) Infection of sand flies by humans coinfected with Leishmania infantum and human immunodeficiency virus. Am J Trop Med Hyg 60: 51-53.
    • (1999) Am J Trop Med Hyg , vol.60 , pp. 51-53
    • Molina, R.1    Lohse, J.M.2    Pulido, F.3    Laguna, F.4    Lopez-Velez, R.5
  • 67
    • 84970795837 scopus 로고
    • On the possibility of the occurrence of trypanosomiasis in India
    • Leishman W (1903) On the possibility of the occurrence of trypanosomiasis in India. British Medical Journal 1: 1252-1254.
    • (1903) British Medical Journal , vol.1 , pp. 1252-1254
    • Leishman, W.1
  • 68
    • 84965217581 scopus 로고
    • The etiology of heterogeneous fevers in India
    • Donovan C (1903) The etiology of heterogeneous fevers in India. Lancet 2: 1401.
    • (1903) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 1401
    • Donovan, C.1
  • 69
    • 0033093302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in India
    • Bora D (1999) Epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in India. Natl Med J India 12: 62-68.
    • (1999) Natl Med J India , vol.12 , pp. 62-68
    • Bora, D.1
  • 70
    • 0002063057 scopus 로고
    • Leishmaniasis in the Indian sub-continent
    • Chang KP, Bray RS, eds, Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V, pp
    • Sanyal RK (1985) Leishmaniasis in the Indian sub-continent. In: Chang KP, Bray RS, eds. Leishmaniasis. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V, pp 443-467.
    • (1985) Leishmaniasis , pp. 443-467
    • Sanyal, R.K.1
  • 73
    • 33646243810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The economic impact of visceral leishmaniasis on households in Bangladesh
    • Sharma DA, Bern C, Varghese B, Chowdhury R, Haque R, et al. (2006) The economic impact of visceral leishmaniasis on households in Bangladesh. Trop Med Int Health 11: 757-764.
    • (2006) Trop Med Int Health , vol.11 , pp. 757-764
    • Sharma, D.A.1    Bern, C.2    Varghese, B.3    Chowdhury, R.4    Haque, R.5
  • 74
    • 0021156116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thakur CP (1984) Epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic features of Bihar kala-azar (including post kala-azar denial leishmaniasis). Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 78: 391-398.
    • Thakur CP (1984) Epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic features of Bihar kala-azar (including post kala-azar denial leishmaniasis). Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 78: 391-398.
  • 77
    • 0042466387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The economic burden of Kala-azar in households of the Danusha and Mahottari districts of Nepal
    • Adhikari SR, Maskay NM (2003) The economic burden of Kala-azar in households of the Danusha and Mahottari districts of Nepal. Acta Tropica 88: 1-2.
    • (2003) Acta Tropica , vol.88 , pp. 1-2
    • Adhikari, S.R.1    Maskay, N.M.2
  • 79
    • 33750324262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Costs of patient management of visceral leishmaniasis in Muzaffarpur, Bihar, India
    • Meheus F, Boelaert M, Baltussen R, Sundar S (2006) Costs of patient management of visceral leishmaniasis in Muzaffarpur, Bihar, India. Trop Med Int Health 11: 1715-1724.
    • (2006) Trop Med Int Health , vol.11 , pp. 1715-1724
    • Meheus, F.1    Boelaert, M.2    Baltussen, R.3    Sundar, S.4
  • 80
    • 0034780949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug resistance in Indian visceral leishmaniasis
    • Sundar S (2001) Drug resistance in Indian visceral leishmaniasis. Trop Med Int Health 6: 849-854.
    • (2001) Trop Med Int Health , vol.6 , pp. 849-854
    • Sundar, S.1
  • 81
    • 0034451615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Failure of pentavalent antimony in visceral leishmaniasis in India: Report from the center of the Indian epidemic
    • Sundar S, More DK, Singh MK, Singh VP, Sharma S, et al. (2000) Failure of pentavalent antimony in visceral leishmaniasis in India: Report from the center of the Indian epidemic. Clin Infect Dis 31: 1104-1107.
    • (2000) Clin Infect Dis , vol.31 , pp. 1104-1107
    • Sundar, S.1    More, D.K.2    Singh, M.K.3    Singh, V.P.4    Sharma, S.5
  • 82
    • 56149103094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Manual de Vigilância e Controle da Leishmaniose Visceral
    • Brasil Ministério da Saúde , Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. 182 p
    • Brasil Ministério da Saúde (2006) Manual de Vigilância e Controle da Leishmaniose Visceral. Brasilia, Brasil: Brasil Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. 182 p.
    • (2006) Brasilia, Brasil: Brasil Ministério da Saúde
  • 83
    • 0025504616 scopus 로고
    • Visceral leishmaniasis epidemic in the State of Piaui, Brazil, 1980-1986]
    • Costa CH, Pereira HF, Araujo MV (1990) [Visceral leishmaniasis epidemic in the State of Piaui, Brazil, 1980-1986]. Rev Saude Publica 24: 361-372.
    • (1990) Rev Saude Publica , vol.24 , pp. 361-372
    • Costa, C.H.1    Pereira, H.F.2    Araujo, M.V.3
  • 84
    • 0036833337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urbanization: An increasing risk factor for visceral leishmaniasis
    • World Health Organization
    • World Health Organization (2002) Urbanization: An increasing risk factor for visceral leishmaniasis. Weekly Epidemiological Record 77: 365-370.
    • (2002) Weekly Epidemiological Record , vol.77 , pp. 365-370
  • 85
    • 0030114502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The reemergence of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil
    • Arias JR, Monteiro PS, Zicker F (1996) The reemergence of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil. Emerg Infect Dis 2: 145-146.
    • (1996) Emerg Infect Dis , vol.2 , pp. 145-146
    • Arias, J.R.1    Monteiro, P.S.2    Zicker, F.3
  • 86
    • 17144415247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Household structure and urban services: Neglected targets in the control of visceral leishmaniasis
    • Costa CH, Werneck GL, Rodrigues L Jr, Santos MV, Araujo IB, et al. (2005) Household structure and urban services: Neglected targets in the control of visceral leishmaniasis. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 99: 229-236.
    • (2005) Ann Trop Med Parasitol , vol.99 , pp. 229-236
    • Costa, C.H.1    Werneck, G.L.2    Rodrigues Jr, L.3    Santos, M.V.4    Araujo, I.B.5
  • 87
    • 33847247942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multilevel modelling of the incidence of visceral leishmaniasis in Teresina, Brazil
    • Werneck GL, Costa CH, Walker AM, David JR, Wand M, et al. (2007) Multilevel modelling of the incidence of visceral leishmaniasis in Teresina, Brazil. Epidemiol Infect 135: 195-201.
    • (2007) Epidemiol Infect , vol.135 , pp. 195-201
    • Werneck, G.L.1    Costa, C.H.2    Walker, A.M.3    David, J.R.4    Wand, M.5
  • 89
    • 0345689365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leishmania/HIV co-infection in Brazil: An appraisal
    • Rabello A, Orsini M, Disch J (2003) Leishmania/HIV co-infection in Brazil: An appraisal. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 97 Suppl 1: 17-28.
    • (2003) Ann Trop Med Parasitol , vol.97 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 17-28
    • Rabello, A.1    Orsini, M.2    Disch, J.3
  • 90
    • 56149092656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Health Organization , Geneva, Switzerland
    • World Health Organization (2007) Leishmaniasis and HIV co-infection. Geneva, Switzerland.
    • (2007) Leishmaniasis and HIV co-infection
  • 91
    • 33749176793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geographical expansion of visceral leishmaniasis in the State of Pernambuco]
    • Dantas-Torres F, Brandao-Filho SP (2006) [Geographical expansion of visceral leishmaniasis in the State of Pernambuco]. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 39: 352-356.
    • (2006) Rev Soc Bras Med Trop , vol.39 , pp. 352-356
    • Dantas-Torres, F.1    Brandao-Filho, S.P.2
  • 92
    • 0036838280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infectiousness in a cohort of brazilian dogs: Why culling fails to control visceral leishmaniasis in areas of high transmission
    • Courtenay O, Quinnell RJ, Garcez LM, Shaw JJ, Dye C (2002) Infectiousness in a cohort of brazilian dogs: Why culling fails to control visceral leishmaniasis in areas of high transmission. J Infect Dis 186: 1314-1320.
    • (2002) J Infect Dis , vol.186 , pp. 1314-1320
    • Courtenay, O.1    Quinnell, R.J.2    Garcez, L.M.3    Shaw, J.J.4    Dye, C.5
  • 93
    • 39049143889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Barão SC. de Fonseca Camargo-Neves VL. Resende MR, da Silva LJ (2007) Human asymptomatic infection in visceral leishmaniasis: A seroprevalence study in an urban area of low endemicity. Preliminary results. Am J Trop Med Hyg 77: 1051-1053.
    • Barão SC. de Fonseca Camargo-Neves VL. Resende MR, da Silva LJ (2007) Human asymptomatic infection in visceral leishmaniasis: A seroprevalence study in an urban area of low endemicity. Preliminary results. Am J Trop Med Hyg 77: 1051-1053.
  • 94
    • 56149110287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Instituto Nacional de Salud de Colombia , Bogota, Colombia
    • Instituto Nacional de Salud de Colombia (2006) Informe 2006 Leishmaniasis. Bogota, Colombia.
    • (2006) Informe 2006 Leishmaniasis
  • 96
    • 0030858394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Peruvian Andes: Factors associated with variability in clinical symptoms, response to treatment, and parasite isolation rate
    • Davies CR, Llanos-Cuentas EA, Sharp SJ, Canales J, Leon E, et al. (1997) Cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Peruvian Andes: Factors associated with variability in clinical symptoms, response to treatment, and parasite isolation rate. Clin Infect Dis 25: 302-310.
    • (1997) Clin Infect Dis , vol.25 , pp. 302-310
    • Davies, C.R.1    Llanos-Cuentas, E.A.2    Sharp, S.J.3    Canales, J.4    Leon, E.5
  • 97
    • 33749160492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leishmania isoenzyme polymorphisms in Ecuador: Relationships with geographic distribution and clinical presentation
    • Calvopina M, Armijos RX, Marco JD, Uezato H, Kato H, et al. (2006) Leishmania isoenzyme polymorphisms in Ecuador: Relationships with geographic distribution and clinical presentation. BMC Infect Dis 6: 139.
    • (2006) BMC Infect Dis , vol.6 , pp. 139
    • Calvopina, M.1    Armijos, R.X.2    Marco, J.D.3    Uezato, H.4    Kato, H.5
  • 98
    • 32344453024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecology of the leishmania species in the Guianan ecoregion complex
    • Rotureau B (2006) Ecology of the leishmania species in the Guianan ecoregion complex. Am J Trop Med Hyg 74: 81-96.
    • (2006) Am J Trop Med Hyg , vol.74 , pp. 81-96
    • Rotureau, B.1
  • 100
    • 0035257605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Domestic and peridomestic transmission of American cutaneous leishmaniasis: Changing epidemiological patterns present new control opportunities
    • Campbell-Lendrum D, Dujardin JP, Martinez E, Feliciangeli MD, Perez JE, et al. (2001) Domestic and peridomestic transmission of American cutaneous leishmaniasis: Changing epidemiological patterns present new control opportunities. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 96: 159-162.
    • (2001) Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz , vol.96 , pp. 159-162
    • Campbell-Lendrum, D.1    Dujardin, J.P.2    Martinez, E.3    Feliciangeli, M.D.4    Perez, J.E.5
  • 101
    • 56149088929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Manual de Controle da Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana
    • Brasil Ministério da Saúde , Fundação Nacional de Saúde. 62 p
    • Brasil Ministério da Saúde (2000) Manual de Controle da Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana. Brasilia, Brasil: Brasil Ministério da Saúde, Fundação Nacional de Saúde. 62 p.
    • (2000) Brasilia, Brasil: Brasil Ministério da Saúde
  • 102
    • 0024353351 scopus 로고
    • Leishmaniasis in Manaus, Brazil
    • Barrett TV, Senra MS (1989) Leishmaniasis in Manaus, Brazil. Parasitol Today 5: 255-257.
    • (1989) Parasitol Today , vol.5 , pp. 255-257
    • Barrett, T.V.1    Senra, M.S.2
  • 103
    • 0030848228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for onset of cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in Bolivia
    • Alcais A, Abel L, David C, Torrez ME, Flandre P, et al. (1997) Risk factors for onset of cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in Bolivia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 57: 79-84.
    • (1997) Am J Trop Med Hyg , vol.57 , pp. 79-84
    • Alcais, A.1    Abel, L.2    David, C.3    Torrez, M.E.4    Flandre, P.5
  • 104
    • 0032531175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania amazonensis in a Sub Andean region of Bolivia
    • Martinez F, Le Pont F, Torrez M, Telleria J, Vargas F, et al. (1998) A new focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania amazonensis in a Sub Andean region of Bolivia. Acta Trop 71: 97-106.
    • (1998) Acta Trop , vol.71 , pp. 97-106
    • Martinez, F.1    Le Pont, F.2    Torrez, M.3    Telleria, J.4    Vargas, F.5
  • 106
    • 0028452376 scopus 로고
    • Cutaneous leishmaniasis in subtropical Ecuador: Popular perceptions, knowledge, and treatment
    • Weigel MM, Armijos RX, Racines RJ, Zurita C, Izurieta R, et al. (1994) Cutaneous leishmaniasis in subtropical Ecuador: Popular perceptions, knowledge, and treatment. Bull Pan Am Health Organ 28: 142-155.
    • (1994) Bull Pan Am Health Organ , vol.28 , pp. 142-155
    • Weigel, M.M.1    Armijos, R.X.2    Racines, R.J.3    Zurita, C.4    Izurieta, R.5
  • 108
    • 36749032306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short communication: The cost-effectiveness of cutaneous leishmaniasis patient management during an epidemic in Chaparral, Colombia in 2004
    • Vega JC, Sanchez BF, Montero LM, Montana R, Del Pilar Mahecha M, et al. (2007) Short communication: The cost-effectiveness of cutaneous leishmaniasis patient management during an epidemic in Chaparral, Colombia in 2004. Trop Med Int Health 12: 1540-1544.
    • (2007) Trop Med Int Health , vol.12 , pp. 1540-1544
    • Vega, J.C.1    Sanchez, B.F.2    Montero, L.M.3    Montana, R.4    Del Pilar Mahecha, M.5
  • 109
    • 0031460096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Twenty years of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Aleppo, Syria
    • Tayeh A, Jalouk L, Cairncross S (1997) Twenty years of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Aleppo, Syria. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 91: 657-659.
    • (1997) Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg , vol.91 , pp. 657-659
    • Tayeh, A.1    Jalouk, L.2    Cairncross, S.3
  • 110
    • 84921622498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cutaneous leishmaniasis, Afghanistan
    • World Health Organization
    • World Health Organization (2002) Cutaneous leishmaniasis, Afghanistan. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 77: 246.
    • (2002) Wkly Epidemiol Rec , vol.77 , pp. 246
  • 111
    • 0031861903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Kabul, Afghanistan: Vertical distribution of cases in apartment blocks
    • Hewitt S, Reyburn H, Ashford R, Rowland M (1998) Anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Kabul, Afghanistan: Vertical distribution of cases in apartment blocks. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 92: 273-274.
    • (1998) Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg , vol.92 , pp. 273-274
    • Hewitt, S.1    Reyburn, H.2    Ashford, R.3    Rowland, M.4
  • 113
    • 0000544087 scopus 로고
    • Stratified adaptive cluster sampling
    • Thompson SK (1991) Stratified adaptive cluster sampling. Biometrika 78: 389-397.
    • (1991) Biometrika , vol.78 , pp. 389-397
    • Thompson, S.K.1
  • 114
    • 0034986144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sleeping sickness surveillance: An essential step towards elimination
    • Cattand P, Jannin J, Lucas P (2001) Sleeping sickness surveillance: An essential step towards elimination. Trop Med Int Health 6: 340-361.
    • (2001) Trop Med Int Health , vol.6 , pp. 340-361
    • Cattand, P.1    Jannin, J.2    Lucas, P.3
  • 115
    • 40349085389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The unacknowledged impact of chronic schistosomiasis
    • King CH, Dangerfield-Cha M (2008) The unacknowledged impact of chronic schistosomiasis. Chronic Illn 4: 65-79.
    • (2008) Chronic Illn , vol.4 , pp. 65-79
    • King, C.H.1    Dangerfield-Cha, M.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.