Interventions for treating depression after stroke

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

Volumn , Issue 4, 2008, Pages

  Hackett, Maree L ^a   Anderson, Craig S ^a   House, Allan ^b   Xia, Jun ^c  

^a GEORGE INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL HEALTH   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS   (United Kingdom)

^c Bridge House ^*  (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Antidepressive agents adverse effects; therapeutic use ; Anxiety chemically induced ; Depression *therapy ; Humans; Psychotherapy; Randomized controlled trials as topic; Stroke *psychology

Indexed keywords

AMITRIPTYLINE; ANIRACETAM; CITALOPRAM; DEANXIT; FLUOXETINE; MIANSERIN; NEFIRACETAM; NORTRIPTYLINE; PAROXETINE; PLACEBO; REBOXETINE; SERTRALINE; TIAPRIDE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT;

CLINICAL TRIAL; COGNITIVE THERAPY; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; COUNSELING; DEPRESSION; DIZZINESS; ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY; HEADACHE; HUMAN; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PSYCHOTHERAPY; REVIEW; STROKE; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; UNSPECIFIED SIDE EFFECT; ANXIETY; CHEMICALLY INDUCED DISORDER; META ANALYSIS; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL;

ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENTS; ANXIETY; DEPRESSION; HUMANS; PSYCHOTHERAPY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS AS TOPIC; STROKE;

EID: 55049137151     PISSN: 1469493X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003437.pub3     Document Type: Review

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119. Li 2004a{published data only} Li W-D, Huang B-B. Effects of the treatment for post-stroke depression on the recovery of motor function and ability of daily living. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation 2004;8(13):2410-1.
120. Li 2004b{published data only} Li G, Li J, Cheng L, Ma E, Pang Y, Zhu C. Early comprehensive intervention on post-stroke depression. Chinese Mental Health Journal 2004;18(1):15-7.
121. Li 2004c{published data only} Li C-M, Jiang X-D, Liao G, Lei C-M, Lan S, Ni F-W. Effect of antidepressant drugs in early period on the recovery of post-stroke depression. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation 2004;8(19):3713-5.
122. Li 2004d{published data only} Li N-G, Liu Q-G, You G-X. Effects of psychological rehabilitation on the prognosis of stroke patients with depression at early recovery stage. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation 2004;8(22):4412-3.
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130. Liu 2003a{published data only} Liu J, Li J, Dong W. A clinical study of fastigial nucleus electrical stimulation on poststroke depression. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation 2003;7(13):1926-7.
131. Liu 2006{published data only} Liu F, Chen W, Chen W, Sun H. Influence of Yu-Le-Shu capsules on the depressive behaviour and functional recovery of PSD patients. Journal of Chengdu University of TCM 2006;29(3):12-5.
132. Liu 2006a{published data only} Liu SK, Zhao XM, Xi ZM. Incidence rate and acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of post-stroke depression. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu 2006;26:472-4.
133. Liu 2006b{published data only} Liu G, Liu R, Wang Y, He G. Clinical control study of citalopram and amitriptyline in the treatment of post-stroke depression. Journal of Clinial Psychological Medicine 2006;16:153-4.
134. Lu 2005{published data only} Lu X, Lu B, Gu X, Chen X, Zhou H, Jin Y. Cognitive therapy in combination with electromyographic feedback in treatment of diabetes patients with depression after cerebral infarction. Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology 2005;13(2):215-6.
135. Mant 1998{published data only} Mant J, Carter J, Wade DT, Winner S. The impact of an information pack on patients with stroke and their carers: a randomized controlled trial. Clinical Rehabilitation 1998;12(6):465-76.
136. Mant 2000{published data only} Mant J, Carter J, Wade DT, Winner S. Family support for stroke: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2000;356(9232):808-13.
137. Martucci 1986{published data only} Martucci N, Manna V, Mailland F. Electroencephalographic-pharmacological and neuropsychological study of dihydroergocristine mesylate in patients with chronic cerebrovascular disease. Advances in Therapy 1986;3(4):210-23.
138. Mauri 1988{published data only} Marui L, Arboix A, Marti-Vilalta JL. Efficacy of antidepressive treatment in affective disorders associated to ischemic vascular disease. Neurologia 1988;3(Suppl 3):10.
139. Meara 1998{published data only} Meara JR. A randomised double blind placebo controlled study of the treatment of post stroke depression. National Research Register.
140. * Meara RJ, Thalanany M, Balonwu V, Hobson P. The treatment of depression after stroke with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor sertraline. Cerebrovascular Diseases 1998;8 Suppl 4:90.
141. Meng 1996{published data only} Meng Q, Sun Y, Chen X, Jin S, Lu S, Sun C. Comparative therapeutic effects of Mi-An-She-Lin and amitriptyline on post stroke depression. Chinese Journal of Nervous & Mental Diseases 1996;22(1):37-8.
142. Miao 2004{published data only} Miao S-Y, Shi Y-J. Related factors of post-stroke depression and therapeutical effect of citalopram. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation 2004;8(19):3718-9.
143. Min 2002{published data only} Min L, Li X, Zhang H, Ding Z, Yuan J, Ma W, et al.Curative effect comparison of mental rehabilitation and drugs therapy in patients with post-stroke depression. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation 2002;6(7):945-6.
144. Min 2002a{published data only} Min L-Q, Li X, Zhang H-M. A comparison of drug therapy and psychological rehabilitation therapy treating poststroke depression. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation 2002;6(7):945-6.
145. Miyai 1998{published data only} Miyai I, Reding MJ. Effects of antidepressants on functional recovery following stroke: a double-blind study. Journal of Neurologic Rehabilitation 1998;12(1):5-13.
146. Niedermaier 2004{published data only} Niedermaier N, Bohrer E, Schulte K, Schlattmann P, Heuser I. Prevention and treatment of poststroke depression with mirtazapine in patients with acute stroke. Evidence Based Mental Health 2005;8(3):74.
147. * Niedermaier N, Bohrer E, Schulte K, Schlattmann P, Heuser I. Prevention and treatment of poststroke depression with mirtazapine in patients with acute stroke. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 2004;65(12): 1619-23.
148. Nir 2004{published data only} Nir Z, Zolotogorsky Z, Sugarman H. Structured nursing intervention versus routine rehabilitation after stroke. American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2004;83:522-9.
149. Nour 2002{published data only} Nour K, Desrosiers J, Gauthier P, Carbonneau H. Impact of a home leisure educational program for older adults who have had a stroke (home leisure educational program). Therapeutic Recreation Journal 2002;36(1):48-64.
150. Ohtomo 1985{published data only} Ohtomo E, Kutsuzawa T, Araki G, Hirai S, Terashi A, Kuzuya F, et al.Clinical usefulness of tiapride on psychiatric symptoms caused by cerebrovascular disorders. Clinical Evaluation 1985;13:295-332.
151. Ostwald 2006{published data only} Ostwald S. Intervention for stroke survivors and spousal caregivers. www.clinicaltrials.gov 2001.
152. * Ostwald SK, Wasserman J, Davis S. Medications, comorbidities, and medical complications in stroke survivors: the CAReS study. Rehabilitation Nursing 2006;31(1):10-14.
153. Rampello 2004{published data only} Rampello L, Chiechio S, Nicoletti G, Alvano A, Vecchio I, Raffaele R, et al.Prediction of the response to citalopram and reboxetine in post-stroke depressed patients. Psychopharmacology 2004;173:73-8.
154. Ricauda 2004{published data only} Ahrens J. Italian study concludes "home hospitalization" benefits stroke patients. Caring: National Association for Home Care magazine 2004;23(8):40-2.
155. Barale S, Tibaldi V, Isaia G, Stasi MF, Marinello R, Massaia M, et al.Acute ischaemic cerebral stroke in older patients. Two year follow-up. Proceedings of the Italian Stroke Forum - Stroke 2004. Italy, Florence, 7-9 March 2004:81.
156. Leff B, Montalto M. Home hospital - toward a tighter definition. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2004;52:2141.
157. * Ricauda NA, Bo M, Molaschi M, Massaia M, Salerno D, Amati D, et al.Home hospitalization service for acute uncomplicated first ischemic stroke in elderly patients: a randomized trial. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2004;52:278-83.
158. Ricauda NA, Tibaldi V, Marinello R, Bo M, Isaia G, Scarafiotti C, et al.Acute ischemic stroke in elderly patients treated in hospital at home: a costminimization analysis. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2005;53(8):1442-3.
159. Roberts 1995{published data only} Roberts J, Browne GB, Streiner D, Gafni A, Pallister R, Hoxby H, et al.Problem-solving counselling or phone-call support for outpatients with chronic illness: effective for whom?. Canadian Journal of Nursing Research 1995;27(3):111-37.
160. Rodgers 1999{published data only} Rodgers H, Atkinson C, Bond S, Suddes M, Dobson R, Curless R. Randomized controlled trial of a comprehensive stroke education program for patients and caregivers. Stroke 1999;30(12):2585-91.
161. Rudd 1997{published data only} Rudd AG, Wolfe CDA, Tilling K, Beech R. Randomised controlled trial to evaluate early discharge scheme for patients with stroke. BMJ 1997;315(7115):1039-44.
162. Rønning 1998{published data only} Rønning OM, Guldvog B. Outcome of subacute stroke rehabilitation: a randomized controlled trial. Stroke 1998;29(4):779-84.
163. Sandberg 2001{published data only} Sandberg O, Franklin KA, Bucht G, Eriksson S, Gustafson Y. Nasal continuous positive airway pressure in stroke patients with sleep apnoea: a randomized treatment study. European Respiratory Journal 2001;18(4):630-4.
164. Seliger 1990{published data only} Seliger GM, Herbert J, Hornstein A, Flax J, Schroeder K, Guarracini M. Fluoxetine improves pseudobulbar affect. Neurology 1990; Vol. 40, issue Suppl 1:327.
165. Shan 2001{published data only} Shan P-Y, Liu S-P, Chi Z-F. Effect of fluoxetine on treatment of poststroke depression. Acta Academiae Medicinae Shandong 2001;39(3):229-33.
166. Sivenius 2001{published data only} Sivenius J, Sarasoja T, Aaltonen H, Heinonen E, Kilkku O, Reinikainen K. Selegiline treatment facilitates recovery after stroke. Journal of Neurologic Rehabilitation 2001;15(3):183-90.
167. Smedley 1986{published data only} Smedley RR, Fiorino AJ, Soucar E, Reynolds D, Smedley WP, Aronica MJ. Slot machines their use in rehabilitation after stroke. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 1986;67(8):546-9.
168. Smith 2004{published data only} Smith J, Forster A, Young J. A randomized trial to evaluate an education programme for patients and carers after stroke. Clinical Rehabilitation 2004;18:726-36.
169. Song 1999{published data only} Song Y, Liang H. Observation of the curative effect of scalp-acupuncture on cerebral postapoplectic depression. Shanghai Journal of Acupuncture and Moxibustion 1999;18(1):8-9.
170. Su 2004{published data only} Su X-L, Xiao X-C. Effect of psychotherapy on the motor functional rehabilitation in patients with post stroke depression. Zhongguo Linchuang Kangfu 2004;8:3720-1.
171. Sulch 2000{published data only} Sulch D, Perez I, Melbourn A, Kalra L. Randomized controlled trial of integrated (managed) care pathway for stroke rehabilitation. Stroke 2000;31:1929-34.
172. Sulch 2002{published data only} Sulch D, Melbourn A, Perez I, Kalra L. Integrated care pathways and quality of life on a stroke rehabilitation unit. Stroke 2002;33:1600-4.
173. Suskin 2006{published data only} Suskin N, Hachinski V, Chan R, Prior PL, Unsworth KL, Mytka S, et al.Multidisciplinary cardiac rehabilitation for secondary prevention after TIA or mild non-disabling stroke: vascular risk factors, psychological and neurocognitive outcomes. International Journal of Stroke 2006;1 Suppl 1:91.
174. Suzuki 2001{published data only} Suzuki H, Eto F, Furuichi T, Ohtsuru I, Saotome I. Facilitative effect of aniracetam on rehabilitation of poststroke patients. The 1st World Congress of the International Society of Physical Rehabilitation Medicine (ISPRM I). The Netherlands, Amsterdam, 7-13 July 2001:511-6.
175. Tan 2004{published data only} Tan Y, Liang L, Li S, Zhong C. Effects of mental nursing on the patients with geriatric cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology 2004;12(2):201-2.
176. Taragano 2001{published data only} * Taragano FE, Allegri R, Vicario A, Bagnatti P, Lyketsos CG. A double blind, randomized clinical trial assessing the efficacy and safety of augmenting standard antidepressant therapy with nimodipine in the treatment of 'vascular depression'. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 2001;16(3):254-60.
177. Taragano FE, Bagnatti P, Allegri RF. A double-blind, randomized clinical trial to assess the augmentation with nimodipine of antidepressant therapy in the treatment of "Vascular depression". International psychogeriatrics 2005;17:487-98.
178. Wade 1992{published data only} Wade DT, Collen FM, Robb GF, Warlow CP. Physiotherapy intervention late after stroke and mobility. British Medical Journal 1992; 304(6827):609-13.
179. Walker-Batson 1995{published data only} Walker-Batson D, Smith P, Curtis S, Unwin H, Greenlee R. Amphetamine paired with physical therapy accelerates motor recovery after stroke: further evidence. Stroke 1995;26(12):2254-9.
180. Walsh 1999{published data only} Walsh E, Wilson C. Complementary therapies in long-stay neurology in-patient settings. Nursing Standard 1999;13(32):32-5.
181. Wang 2002{published data only} Wang F, Dong X, Pan Y, Liu M. Effect of yukangning in the treatment of post stroke depression and nerve function recovery. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation 2005;7(7):1225.
182. Wang 2003{published data only} Wang X, Tan Z, Wu Z, Gao J, Feng M. The effects of anti-depression therapy on post-stroke depression and neurologic rehabilitation in the elderly patients. Chinese Journal of Geriatrics 2003;22(5):270-3.
183. Wang 2004{published data only} Wang H, Geng D. Effects of paroxetine treating nervous function recovery and depression after stroke. Nervous Diseases and Metal Hygiene 2004;4(1):36-7.
184. Wang 2007{published data only} Wang W, Zhao Y, Wu Y. The clinical effects of YiYu III in treating post-stroke depression. Clinical Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice 2007;13(3):292.
185. Werner 1996{published data only} Werner RA, Kessler S. Effectiveness of an intensive outpatient rehabilitation program for postacute stroke patients. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation 1996;75(2):114-20.
186. Wheeler 2003{published data only} Wheeler BL, Shiflett SC, Nayak S. Effects of number of sessions and group or individual music therapy on the mood and behavior of people who have had strokes or traumatic brain injuries. Nordic Journal of Music Therapy 2003;12(2):139-51.
187. Wiart 1997{published data only} Wiart L. Post-cerebrovascular stroke depression. L'Encephale 1997;23 (Suppl III):51-4.
188. Williams 2002{published data only} Plue L. Treatment for post-stroke depression. http://www.clinicaltrials.gov [electronic database] 2003. [: NCT002966140]
189. Williams L. AIM: a randomised trial of treatment for post-stroke depression. Stroke Trials Directory, Internet Stroke center 2003: www.strokecenter.org/trials/list.
190. * Williams LS, Kroenke K, Bakas T, Plue LD, Brizendine E, Tu W, et al.Care management of poststroke depression: a randomized, controlled trial. Stroke 2007;38:998-1003.
191. Williams LS, Kroenke K, Plue L, Bakas T, Hendrie H, Biller J. AIM: a randomized trial of treatment for post-stroke depression. 27th International Stroke Conference. 2002; Vol. 33, issue 1:254-60.
192. Williams LS, Kroenke K, Plue L, Bakas T, Tu W, Shen J, et al.AIM: a randomized trial of treatment for post-stroke depression. Proceedings of the 28th International Stroke Conference. USA, Phoenix, Arizona: The American Stroke Association, 13-15 February 2003.
193. Wolfe 2000{published data only} Wolfe CDA, Tilling K, Rudd AG. The effectiveness of communitybased rehabilitation for stroke patients who remain at home: a pilot randomized trial. Clinical Rehabilitation 2000;14(6):563-9.
194. Wu 2002{published data only} Wu J-X. An observation of Bai-You-Jie treating poststroke depression and nervous function impairment. Journal of Clinical Neurology 2002;15(2):124-5.
195. Xia 2003{published data only} Xia WM, Hu YQ. Effect of early psychological intervention in rehabilitation of patients with cerebral stroke. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation 2003;7(28): 3842-3.
196. Xiaoying 2001{published data only} Xiaoying HE. Approaches to the treatment methods of post stroke depression. Modern Rehabilitation 2001;5:8.
197. Xie 2003{published data only} Xie S, Zhu M, Cui H, Liu H. Influence of early psychological intervention on mental health in hemiplegias after stroke. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation 2003;7(7):1208-9.
198. Xie 2005{published data only} * Xie R, Liu J, Quan H, Wang D, Luo M. A prospective random clinical contrast study of treatment with sertraline in elderly patients with post-stroke depression. Chinese Journal of Clinical Neurosciences 2005;13(3):294-7.
199. Xie R, Liu J, Quan J, Wang D, Luo M, Chen W. A prospective random clinical contrast study of treatment with Sertraline in elderly patients with post-stroke depression. Chinese Journal of Geriatric Care 2006;4(3):44-7.
200. Xing 1999{published data only} Xing Y-G, Tao E-X. The effect of fluoxetine on the recovery of poststroke depression. Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Disorders 1999;25(4):231-2.
201. Xu 2001{published data only} Xu J, Tan J, Ou L. A study on treatment of fluoxetine to depression in early recovery stage of cerebral infarction. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 2001;16(5):281-3.
202. Ye 2004{published data only} Ye LX, Wang H, Wang YD, Zhang L, Liang DS, Guo Y. Effect of antidepressive therapy on the rehabilitation of psychological and neurological function after stroke. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation 2004;8(31):6826-8.
203. Yi 1990{published data only} Yi SD, Park YC, Yoo KM. Effects of indeloxazine HCl on the chronic stage of stroke. Keimyung University Medical Journal 1990;9(3):336-9.
204. Yokokawa 1991{published data only} Yokokawa Y, Minamisawa H, Sato H, Kai I, Nakajima T, Fukusima Y. Psychological effect of a physical activity program on community people with cerebral apoplexy. Proceedings of the 13th International Congress of the World Confederation of Physical Therapy. Japan, Yokohama, 23-28 May 1991:559.
205. Yoneyama 1993{published data only} Yoneyama K, Saito K, Kamo T, Iwasaki M, Horiuchi M, Narita N, et al.Effects of indeloxazine hydrochloride on activities of daily living in cerebrovascular disease: evaluation by accelerometer. Current Therapeutic Research 1993;54(4):413-9.
206. You 2002{published data only} You C-K. The effect of depression after acute stroke interventions on the recovery of motor function. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation 2002;6(17):2557.
207. Young 1992{published data only} Young J, Forster A. The Bradford community stroke trial: results at six months. BMJ 1992;304:1085-9.
208. Yu 1991{published data only} Yu LC, Johnson KL, Kalreider L, Craighead WE, Hu T-W. The relationship between depression, functional status, and cognitive status among institutionalized elderly women. Behavior, Health, and Aging 1993;3(1):23-32.
209. * Yu LC, Kaltreider L, Hu T-W, Craighead WE. Impact of a behavior therapy on the psychological status of incontinent elderly nursing home residents: quantitative and qualitative assessment. In: Myers WA editor(s). New Techniques in the Psychotherapy of Older Patients. Washington DC: American Psych Press, 1991:181-202.
210. Yu LC, Rohner TJ, Kaltreider L, Hu T-W, Igou JF, Dennis PJ. Profile of urinary incontinent elderly in long-term institutions. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 1990;38:433-9.
211. Zhang 2000{published data only} Zhang S-M, Ma J, Cheng J-M. Clinical research of paroxetine treating post stroke depression. Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Disorders 2001;6:430-2.
212. Zhang 2002{published data only} Zhang L-s, Chen Z-M, Wei R-h. Paroxetine vs imipramine in treatment of post-stroke depressive disorder. Zhongguo Xinyao Yu Linchuang Zazhi 2002;21(1):9-11.
213. Zhang 2002a{published data only} Zhang P, Bai W, Wang G, Shi Y, Du Y, Qi Y, et al.Effects of treating post-stroke depression on recovery prognosis of early stage. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation 2002;6(1):32-3.
214. Zhang 2002b{published data only} Zhang L-H, Shi X-Y, Wang X-Q. The effect of fluoxetine on poststroke depression and nervous function recovery. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation 2002;6(11): 1602.
215. Zhang 2005{published data only} Zhang YX, Zhang HL, Wang H. Effects of buspirone hydrochloride on post-stroke affective disorder and neural function. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation 2005;9(12):8-9.
216. Zhang 2005a{published data only} Zhang C. The brain-resuscitation acupuncturemethod for treatment of post wind-stroke mental depression: a report of 45 cases. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2005;25:243-6.
217. Zhao 1999{published data only} Zhao M, Wang ZM, Wang X, Ma JD. The therapeutic observation of fluoxetine single or combined with psychotherapy in the depression succeeding brain stroke. Health Psychology Journal 1999;7(3):241-3.
218. Zhao 2005{published data only} Zhao FT, Xu SM, Zhang QH, Wang XL, Liu HH. Citalopram versus venlafaxine for the improvement of post-stroke depression. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation 2005;9(12):12-3.
219. Zhao 2005a{published data only} Zhao S, Jia X. Comparative study of the effects of citalopram and amitriptyline on post stroke depression. Journal of Linyi Medical College 2005;27:329-31.
220. Zhou 2003{published data only} Zhou B. Xiao J, Wu J, Yuan Q, Yang Y. Effects of fluoxetine on neurofunctional recovery of nondepressed patients after stroke. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation 2003;7(3):374-5.
221. Zhou 2004{published data only} Su X-L, Xiao X-C. Effect of psychotherapy on the motor functional rehabilitation in patients with post-stroke depression. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation 2004;8(19):3720-1.
222. * Zhou C-X, Su X-L, Yang X-Z, Xiao X-C, Zhao H-W. Effect of psychological nursing on the rehabilitation of post-stroke depression. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation 2004;8(16):3008-9.
223. Zhu 2002{published data only} Zhu G-H, Yao J-L. The effect of fluoxetine on poststroke depression and nervous function recovery. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation 2002;6(3):366-7.
224. Zifko 2002{published data only} Zifko UA, Rupp M, Schwarz S. Sertraline in the treatment of post-stroke depression: results of an open multicenter study [Sonderkrankenanstalt fur neurologie der rehabilitationsklinik pirawarth, arbeitskreises fur klinische forschung in der neurorehabilitation, bad pirawarth]. Wiener Medizinische Wochenshrift 2002;152(13-14): 343-8.
225. Atarashi 1979{published data only} Atarashi J, Araki GITO, Hitoshi O, Eiichi KM, Masakuni K. Clinical evaluation of cinepazide in the treatment of cerebrovascular disorders: multi-center double-blind study in comparison with placebo. Rinsho Hyoka (Clinical Evaluation) 1979;7(2):349-77.
226. Evans 1985{published data only} Evans RL, Kleinman L, Halar EM, Herzer K. Predicting outcome of group counselling with severely disabled patients. American Journal of Physical Medicine 1985;64(1):24-31.
227. Hanspal 2007{published data only} Hanspal R. The effectiveness of sertraline in clinical management of depression with or without lability in brain-injured. National Research Register. [: N0388126828]
228. Katz 1998{published data only} Katz RA, Hubbard DJ, Blaine J. The effect of group psychotherapy on post-stroke depression. Rehabilitation Psychology 1998;43(2):178.
229. Latow 1983{published data only} Latow J. Psychotherapy and its effect on depression, sick-role identification and rehabilitation outcome for stroke victims. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 1983;64(10):511-2.
230. Otomo 1986{published data only} Otomo E, Tohgi H, Hirai S, Gotoh F, Hasegawa K, Tazaki Y, et al.Clinical evaluation of YM-08054 (indeloxazine) in the treatment of cerebrovascular disorder. Igaku no Ayumi 1986;136(7):535-55.
231. Wang 2005{published data only} Wang ZM, Wang P, You LL. Study of effects of fluoxetine in patients with post-stroke depression, a randomplacebo-controlled study. Chinese Journal of Practical Neurology 2005; Vol. 8:80-1.
232. Yamamoto 1999{published data only} Yamamoto T, Nishimura R, Takagi T. Importance of a psychological approach to the chronic cerebral vascular accident patient. Proceedings of the 13th international congress of the world confederation of physical therapy. Japan, Yokohama, 1999 May 23-28:598.
233. Graven 2008{published data only} Graven C. From rehabilitation to recovery: a model to optimise consumer and carer involvement in the first year post stroke. Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry 2008. [: ACTRN12608000042347]
234. Mitchell 2002{published data only} Mitchell P, Becker K, Cramer S, Teri L, Tirshwell D, Veith R. Psychosocial/Behavioral Intervention in Post Stroke Depression (PSD). www.strokecenter.org/trials.
235. Mitchell PH, Veith R, Cain KC. Living well with stroke: psychosocial-behavioural intervention in post-stroke depression. Proceedings of the International Stroke Conference. USA, New Orleans, Louisiana: American Stroke Association, 2 February 2005: Abst. CTP39.
236. Thomas 2007{published data only} Thomas S, Kontou E, Walker M, Lincoln N, Haworth H, Macniven J. CALM: Communication and low mood. National Reserach Register. [: N0192165295]
237. Anderson 1995a Anderson CS, Linto J, Stewart-Wynne EG. A population-based assessment of the impact and burden of caregiving for long-term stroke survivors. Stroke 1995;26:843-9.
238. APA 1987 American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-III-R. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 1987.
239. APA 1994 American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-IV. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 1994.
240. Astrom 1996 Astrom M. Generalized anxiety disorder in stroke patients: a 3-year longitudinal study. Stroke 1996;27:270-5.
241. Beck 1961 Beck AT, Ward C, Mendelson M. An inventory for measuring depression. Archives of General Psychiatry 1961;4:561-71.
242. Burvill 1995a Burvill PW, Johnson GA, Jamrozik KD, Anderson CS, Stewart-Wynne EG, Chakera TM. Prevalence of depression after stroke: the Perth Community Stroke Study. British Journal of Psychiatry 1995;166:320-7.
243. Burvill 1996 Burvill PW, Johnson GA, Chakera TMH, Stewart-Wynne EG, Anderson CS, Jamrozik KD. The place of site of lesion in the aetiology of post-stroke depression. Cerebrovascular Diseases 1996;6:208-15.
244. Burvill 1997 Burvill P, Johnson G, Jamrozik KD, Anderson C. Risk factors for post-stroke depression. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 1997;12:219-26.
245. Carson 2000 Carson AJ, MacHale S, Allen K, Lawrie SM, Dennis M, House A, et al.Depression after stroke and lesion location: a systematic review. Lancet 2000;356:122-6.
246. Chan 2004 Chan A, Hrobjartsson A, Haahr MT, Gotzsche PC, Altman DG. Empirical evidence for selective reporting of outcomes in randomized trials: comparison of protocols to published articles. Journal of the American Medical Association 2004;291:2457-65.
247. Deutsch 1997 Deutsch A, Braun S, Granger CV. The Functional Independence Measure (FIM Instrument). Journal of Rehabilitation Outcomes Measures 1997;1:67-71.
248. Duval 2000 Duval S, Tweedie R. Trim and fill: a simple funnel-plot-based method of testing and adjusting for publication bias in meta-analysis. Biometrics 2000;56(2):455-63.
249. Ebrahim 1987a Ebrahim S, Barer D, Nouri F. Affective illness after stroke. British Journal of Psychiatry 1987;151:52-6.
250. Folstein 1975 Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. 'Mini-Mental State': a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research 1975;12:189-98.
251. Gill 2000 Gill D, Hatcher S. Antidepressants for depression in medical illness. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2001, Issue 3. [Art. No.: CD001312. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001312.pub2]
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254. Hackett 2005a Hackett ML, Yapa C, Parag V, Anderson CS. Frequency of depression after stroke: a systematic review of observational studies. Stroke 2005;36:1330-40.
255. Hackett 2008 Hackett ML, Anderson CS, House A, Halteh C. Interventions for preventing depression after stroke. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2008, Issue 3. [Art. No.: CD003689. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003689.pub2]
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258. Hollis 1999 Hollis S, Campbell F. What is meant by intention to treat analysis? Survey of published randomised controlled trials. British Medical Journal 1999;319:670-4.
259. House 1987 House A. Mood disorders after stroke: a review of the evidence. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 1987;2:211-21.
260. House 1989 House A, Dennis M, Hawton K, Warlow C. Methods of identifying mood disorders in stroke patients: experience in the Oxfordshire community stroke project. Age and Aging 1989;18:371-9.
261. House 1991 House A, Dennis M, Mogridge L, Warlow C, Hawton K, Jones L. Mood disorders in the year after first stroke. British Journal of Psychiatry 1991;158:83-92.
262. House 2001 House A, Knapp P, Bamford J, Vail A. Mortality at 12 and 24 months after stroke may be associated with depressive symptoms at 1 month. Stroke 2001;32:696-701.
263. Hunt 1986 Hunt SM, McEwan J, McKenna SP. Measuring Health Status. Beckenham: Croom Helm, 1986.
264. ICH 1999 Annonymous. ICHHarmonised tripartite guideline: statistical principles for clinical trials. Statistics in Medicine 1999;18:1905-42.
265. Johnson 1991 Johnson GA. Research into psychiatric disorder after stroke: the need for further studies. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 1991;25:358-70.
266. Katona 1995 Katona CLE, Watkin V. Depression in old age. Reviews in Clinical Gerontology 1995;5:427-41.
267. Keller 2003 Keller MB. Past, present, and future directions for defining optimal treatment outcome in depression: remission and beyond. Journal of the American Medical Association 2003;289(23):3152-60.
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271. McCusker 1998 McCusker J, Cole M, Keller E, Bellavance F, Berard A. Effectiveness of treatments of depression in older ambulatory patients. Archives of Internal Medicine 1998;158:705-12.
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