Mood disorders in long-term survivors of stroke: Associations with brain lesion location and volume

Psychological Medicine

Volumn 20, Issue 4, 1990, Pages 815-828

  Sharpe, M ^a,b   Hawton, K ^a   House, A ^a   Molyneux, A ^a   Sandercock, P ^a   Bamford, J ^a   Warlow, C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^b WARNEFORD HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGORAPHOBIA; ANXIETY; ARTICLE; BRAIN INJURY; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; DEPRESSION; FEMALE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; STROKE;

ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING; AGED; ANXIETY DISORDERS; BRAIN; BRAIN DAMAGE, CHRONIC; BRAIN MAPPING; CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS; COHORT STUDIES; DELIRIUM, DEMENTIA, AMNESTIC, COGNITIVE DISORDERS; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; DOMINANCE, CEREBRAL; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; MIDDLE AGE; MOOD DISORDERS; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T; TOMOGRAPHY, X-RAY COMPUTED;

EID: 0025606620     PISSN: 00332917     EISSN: 14698978     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0033291700036503     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Aho, K., Harmsen, P., Hatano, S., Marquardsen, J., Smirniv, V. & Strasser, T. (1980). Cerebrovascular disease in the community; results of a WHO collaborative study. WHO Bulletin 58, 113 130. American Psychiatric Association (1987). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders revised 3rd edn. APA: Washington, DC.
2. Bamford, J. (1986). The classification and natural history of acute cerebrovascular disease. M.D. thesis, Unviersity of Manchester. Bamford, J. & Warlow, C. (1988). The evolution and testing of the lacunar hypothesis. Stroke 19, 1074 1082.
3. Bamford, J., Sandercock, P., Warlow, C. & Gray, M. (1986). Why are patients with acute stroke admitted to hospital? British Medical Journal 292, 1369 1372.
4. Bamford, J., Sandercock, P., Dennis, M., Warlow, C., Jones, L., McPherson, K., Vessey, M., Fowler, G., Molyneux, A., Hughes, T., Burn, J. & Wade, D. (1988). A prospective study of acute cerebrovascular disease in the community: the Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project 1981 86. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 51, 1373 1380.
5. Dennis, M. S., Bamford, J. M., Molyneux, A. J. & Warlow, C. P. (1987). Rapid resolution of signs of primary intra-cerebral haemorrhage in computerized tomograms of the brain. British Medical Journal 295, 379–381.
6. Ebrahim, S., Barer, D. & Nouri, F. (1987). Affective illness after stroke. British Journal of Psychiatry 151, 52–56.
7. Enderby, P. M., Wood, V. A., Wade, D. T. & Langton-Hewer, R. (1987). The Frenchay Aphasia Screening Test: a short, simple test for aphasia appropriate for non-specialists. International Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 8, 166 170.
8. Eastwood, M. R., Rifat, S. L., Nobbs, H. & Juderman, J. (1989). Mood disorder following cerebrovascular accident. British Journal of Psychiatry 154, 195–200.
9. Folstein, M. F., Folstein, S. E. & McHugh, P. R. (1975). Mini-Mental State. Journal of Psychiatric Research 12, 189 198.
10. Folstein, M. F., Maiberger, R. & McHugh, P. R. (1977). Mood disorder as a specific complication of stroke. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 40, 1018–1020.
11. Gardner, M. J. & Altman, D. G., (1986). Confidence intervals rather than P values: estimation rather than hypothesis testing. British Medical Journal 292, 746–750.
12. Holbrook, M. & Skilbeck, C. E. (1983). An activities index for use with stroke patients. Age and Ageing 12, 166–170.
13. House, A. (1987). Mood disorders after stroke: a review of the evidence. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 2, 211 221.
14. House, A., Dennis, M., Molyneux, A., Warlow, C. & Hawton, K. (1989). Emotionalism after stroke. British Medical Journal 298, 991 994.
15. House, A., Dennis, M., Warlow, C., Hawton, K. & Molyneux, A. (1990a). Mood disorders in the first year after stroke: a CT scan study of the importance of lesion location. Brain (in the press).
16. House, A., Dennis, M., Mogridge, L., Warlow, C., Hawton, K. & Jones, L. (1990o). Mood disorders in the first year after stroke. British Journal of Psychiatry (in the press).
17. Lipsey, J. R., Robinson, R. G., Pearlson, G. D., Rao, K. & Price, T. R. (1983). Mood changes following bilateral hemisphere brain injury. British Journal of Psychiatry 143, 266–273.
18. Mahoney, F. & Barthel, D. (1965). Functional evaluation: the Barthel Index. Maryland State Medical Journal 14, 61–65.
19. Morris, J. A. & Gardner, M.J. (1988). Calculating confidence intervals for relative risks (odds ratios) and standardised ratios and rates. British Medical Journal 296, 1313–1316.
20. Myers, J. K., Weissman, M. M., Tischler, G. L., Holzer, C. E., Leaf, P. J., Orvaschel, H., Anthony, J. C., Boyd, J. H., Burke, J. D., Kramer, M. & Stoltzman, R. (1984). Six-month prevalence of psychiatric disorder in three communities. Archives of General Psychiatry 41,959 967.
21. Parikh, R. M., Lipsey, J. R., Robinson, R. G. & Price, T. R. (1987). A two-year longitudinal study of post-stroke mood disorders: dynamic changes in correlates of depression at one and two years. Stroke 18, 579–584.
22. Pullicino, P., Nelson, R. F., Kendall, B. & Marshall, J. (1980). Small deep infarcts diagnosed on computed tomography. Neurology 30, 1090– 1096.
23. Robinson, R. G. & Price, T. R. (1982). Post-stroke depressive disorders: a follow-up study of 103 patients. Stroke 13, 635–641.
24. Robinson, R. G., Shoemaker, W. J., Schlumpf, M., Valk, T. & Bloom, F. E. (1975). Effects of experimental cerebral infarction in rat brain on catecholamines and behaviour. Nature 255, 332 334.
25. Robinson, R. G., Lipsey, J., Rao, K. & Price, T. (1986). Two year longitudinal study of post-stroke mood disorders: comparison of acute onset with delayed onset depression. American Journal of Psychiatry 143, 1238–1244.
26. Robinson, R. G., Starr, L. B. & Price, T. R. (1984a). A two year longitudinal study of mood disorders following stroke: prevalence and duration at six months follow-up. British Journal of Psychiatry 144, 256–262.
27. Robinson, R. G., Kubos, K. L., Starr, L. B., Rao, K. & Price, T. E. (1984 A). Mood disorders in stroke patients: importance of location of lesion. Brain 107, 81–93.
28. Robinson, R. G., Lipsey, J. R., Bolla-Wilson, K., Bolduc, P. L., Pearlson, G. D., Rao, K. & Price, T. R. (1985). Mood disorders in left-handed stroke patients. American Journal of Psychiatry 142, 1424–1429.
29. Robinson, R. G., Bolduc, P. L. & Price, T. R. (1987). Two-year longitudinal study of post stroke mood disorders: diagnosis and outcome at one and two years. Stroke 18, 837–843.
30. Longitudinal study of post stroke mood disorders: diagnosis and outcome at one and two years. Stroke 18, 837–843.
31. Sinyor, D., Jacques, P., Kaloupek, D. G., Becker, R., Goldenberg, M. & Coopersmith, H. (1986). Post-stroke depression and lesion location: an attempted replication. Brain 109, 537–546.
32. Spitzer, R. L., Williams, J. B. & Gibbon, M. (1986I. Instruction Manual for the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IIIR. Available from Biometrics Research Department, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York.
33. SPSS (1988). Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSSX), SPSS Inc: Chicago.
34. Slarkstein, S. E. & Robinson, R. G. (1989). Affective disorders and cerebral vascular disease. British Journal of Psychiatry 154, 170–182.
35. Starkstein, S. E., Robinson, R. G. & Price, T. R. (1987). Comparison of cortical and subcortical lesions in the production of post-stroke mood disorders. Brain 110, 1045–1059.
36. Wade, D., Leigh-Smith, J. & Hewer, R. A. (1987). Depressed mood after stroke. A community study of its frequency. British Journal of Psychiatry 151, 200–205.
37. Wells, K., Golding, J. & Burnham, M. (1988). Psychiatric disorder in a sample of the general population with and without chronic medical conditions. American Journal of Psychiatry 145,976–1022.
38. Wing, J., Cooper, J. & Sartorious, N. (1974). The Measurement and Classification of Psychiatric Symptoms. Cambridge University SPress: London.
39. Wing, J. K., Mann, S. A., Leff, J. P. & Nikon, J. M. (1978). The concept of a case in psychiatric population surveys. Psychological Medicine 8, 203–217.
40. Zigmond, A. & Snaith, R. (1983). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 67, 361–370.