Multicolour micropatterning of thin films of dry gels

Nature Materials

Volumn 3, Issue 10, 2004, Pages 729-735

  Klajn, Rafal ^a   Fialkowski, Margin ^a   Bensemann, Igort T ^a   Bitner, Agnieszka ^a   Campbell, C J ^a   Bishop, Kyle ^a   Smoukov, Stoyan ^a   Grzybowski, Bartosz A ^a  

^a Northwestern University   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BIOASSAY; DEHYDRATION; FLOW OF WATER; GELS; IRON COMPOUNDS; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS; SALTS; STAMPING;

COLOR MICROPATTERNING; COLOR-SEPARATION; DRY GELS; WATER SWELLING; WET STAMPING (WETS);

THIN FILMS;

COPPER; CUPRIC CHLORIDE; FERRIC CHLORIDE; FERRIC ION; INORGANIC SALT; SEPHAROSE;

ARTICLE; CHEMISTRY; GEL; MATERIALS; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS;

COPPER; DATA INTERPRETATION, STATISTICAL; FERRIC COMPOUNDS; GELS; MANUFACTURED MATERIALS; SALTS; SEPHAROSE;

EID: 5444273200     PISSN: 14761122     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nmat1231     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Choudhury, P. R. (ed.) Handbook of Microlithography, Micromachining, and Microfabrication (SPIE, Bellingham, 1997).
2. Michel, B. et al. Printing meets lithography: Soft approaches to high-resolution printing. IBM J. Res. Dev. 45, 697-719 (2001).
3. Tolfree, D. W. L. Microfabrication using synchrotron radiation. Rep. Prog. Phys. 61, 313-3 51 (1998).
4. Thompson, L. F. & Kerwin, R. E. Polymer resist systems for photolithography and electron lithography. Ann. Rev. Mater. Sci. 6, 267-301 (1976).
5. Xia, Y. & Whitesides, G. M. Soft lithography. Angew. Chem. Int. Edn 37, 551-575 (1998).
6. Xia, Y., Rogers, J. A., Paul, K. E. & Whitesides, G. M. Unconventional methods for fabricating and patterning nanostructures. Chem. Rev. 99, 1823-1848 (1999).
7. Delamarche, E. et al. Microcontact printing using poly(dimethylsiloxane) stamps hydrophilized by poly(ethylene oxide) silanes. Langmuir 19, 8749-8758 (2003).
8. Kind, H. et al. Printing gel-like catalysts for the directed growth of multiwall carbon nanotubes. Langmuir 16, 6877-6883 (2003).
9. Renault, J. P. et al. Fabricating arrays of single protein molecules on glass using microcontact printing. J. Phys. Chem. B 107, 703-711 (2003).
10. Rogers, J. A. et al. Paper-like electronic displays: Large-area rubber-stamped plastic sheets of electronics and microencapsulated electrophoretic inks. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. 98, 4835-4840 (2001).
11. Tien, J., Nelson, C. M. & Chen, C. S. Fabrication of aligned microstructures with a single elastomeric stamp. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. 99, 1758-1762 (2002).
12. Chen, C., Hirdes, D. & Folch, A. Gray-scale photolithography using microfluidic photomasks. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. 100, 1499-1504 (2003).
13. Frank, M., Schallenberg, U. B. & Kaiser, N. Micropatterned multilayer dielectric filters with two spectral characteristics. Opt Eng. 36, 1220-1224 (1997).
14. Peng, Q. et al. Real-time photolithographic technique for fabrication of arbitrarily shaped microstructures. Opt. Eng. 42, 477-481 (2003).
15. Fosser, K. A. & Nuzzo, R. G. Fabrication of patterned multicomponent protein gradients and gradient arrays using microfluidic depletion. Anal. Chem. 75, 5775-5782 (2003).
16. Dertinger, S. K. W., Jiang, X. Y., Li, Z. Y., Murthy, V. N. & Whitesides, G. M. Gradients of substrate-bound laminin orient axonal specification of neurons. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. 99, 12542-12547 (2002).
17. Wong, J. Y., Velasco, A., Rajagopalan, P. & Pham, Q. Directed movement of vascular smooth muscle cells on gradient-compliant hydrogels. Langmuir19, 1908-1913 (2003).
18. Henisch, H. K. Periodic Precipitation (Pergamon, Oxford, 1991).
19. Turing, A. M. The chemical basis of morphogenesis. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 237, 37-72 (1952).
20. Zhabotinsky, A. M. & Zaikin, A. N. Concentration wave propagation in two-dimensional liquid phase self-oscillating system. Nature 225, 535-537 (1970).
21. Lengyel, I. & Epstein, I. R. Modeling of Turing structures in the chlorite-iodide-malonic acid-starch reaction system. Science 251, 650-652 (1991).
22. Ouyang, Q. & Swinney, H. L. Transition from a uniform state to hexagonal and striped Turing patterns. Nature 352, 610-612 (1991).
23. Hess, B. & Mikhailov, A. Self-organization in living cells. Science 264, 223-224 (1994).
24. Bussemas, H. H. & Ettre, L. S. Forerunners of chromatography: Runge's self-grown pictures. LC GC N. Am. 22, 262-270 (2004).
25. Fialkowski, M., Campbell, C. J., Bensemann, I. T. & Grzybowski, B. A. Absorption of water by thin, ionic films of gelatin. Langmuir 20, 3513-3516 2004.
26. Tananayev, I. V., Glushkova, M. A. & Seifer, B. G. Series of ferrocyanide solubilities. Zh. Neorg. Khim. 1, 66-69 (1956).
27. Valente, A. J. M., Polishchuk, A. Ya., Lobo, V. M. M. & Geuskens, G. Diffusion coefficients of lithium chloride and potassium chloride in hydrogel membranes derived from acrylamide. Eur. Polym. J. 38, 13-18 (2002).
28. Krajewska, B. Diffusion of metal ions through gel chitosan membranes. Reactive Funct. Polym. 47, 37-47 (2003).
29. Ames, W. F. Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations (Academic, New York 1977).
30. Gao, P. & Fagerness, P. E. Diffusion in HPMC gels.1. Determination of drug and water diffusivity by pulsed-field-gradient spin-echo NMR. Pharm. Res. 12, 955-964 (1995).
31. Masaro, L. & Zhu, X. X. Physical models of diffusion for polymer solutions, gels and solids. Prog. Pplym. Sci. 24, 731-755 (1999).
32. Hantz, P. Regular microscopic patterns produced by simple reaction-diffusion systems. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 4, 1262-1267 (2002).
33. Guzman, N. A. & Stubbs, R. J. The use of selective adsorbents in capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry for analyte preconcentration and microreactions: A powerful three-dimensional tool for multiple chemical and biological applications. Electrophoresis 22, 3602-3628 (2001).
34. LaVan, D. A., McGuire, T. & Langer, R. Small-scale systems for in vivo drug delivery. Nature Biotechnol. 21, 1184-1191 (2003).