Improvement in circulation and in cardiovascular risk factors with a proprietary isotonic bioflavonoid formula OPC-3®

Angiology

Volumn 59, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 408-414

  Cesarone, Maria R ^a   Di Renzo, Andrea ^a   Errichi, Silvia ^d   Schönlau, Frank ^b   Wilmer, James L ^c   Blumenfeld, Julian ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CHIETI   (Italy)

^b Horphag Research UK Ltd   (United Kingdom)

^c NutraMetrix   (United States)

^d NONE

Author keywords

Bioflavonoid; Cardiovascular risk factors; Isotonic; Metabolic syndrome; OPC 3; Pycnogenol

Indexed keywords

BIOFLAVONOID; C REACTIVE PROTEIN; CHOLESTEROL; GLUCOSE; NUTRAMETRIX; PLACEBO;

ABSENCE OF SIDE EFFECTS; ADULT; ARTICLE; BLOOD PRESSURE; CARBON DIOXIDE TENSION; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CAROTID ARTERY FLOW; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CIRCULATION; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; CUTANEOUS PARAMETERS; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG EFFICACY; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; FEMALE; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; HEART LEFT VENTRICLE EJECTION FRACTION; HUMAN; HYPEREMIA; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; OXIDATIVE STRESS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SKIN BLOOD FLOW; SUPPLEMENTATION; TISSUE PERFUSION; TRANSCUTANEOUS OXYGEN PARTIAL PRESSURE; VASODILATATION;

BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; BLOOD PRESSURE; CARDIOVASCULAR AGENTS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CAROTID ARTERIES; DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; FEMALE; FLAVONOIDS; FOREARM; HEMODYNAMICS; HUMANS; MALE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; MICROCIRCULATION; MIDDLE AGED; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PLANT EXTRACTS; REGIONAL BLOOD FLOW; RISK FACTORS; SKIN; STROKE VOLUME; TREATMENT OUTCOME; ULTRASONOGRAPHY, DOPPLER, DUPLEX; VASODILATION; VENTRICULAR FUNCTION, LEFT;

EID: 49649089723     PISSN: 00033197     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0003319708321801     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. The World Health Organization. www.who.int/topics/obesity/en/
2. Gaté L., Paul J., Ba GN, Tew KD, Tapiero H. Oxidative stress induced in pathologies: the role of antioxidants. Biomed Pharmacother. 1999 ; 53: 169-180.
3. Middleton E. Jr, Kandaswami C., Theoharides TC The effects of plant flavonoids on mammalian cells: implications for inflammation, heart disease, and cancer. Pharmacol Rev. 2000 ; 52: 673-751.
4. Cheynier V. Polyphenols in foods are more complex than often thought. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 ; 81 (1 suppl). 223S - 229S.
5. Clifford MN Diet-derived phenols in plasma and tissues and their implications for health. Planta Med. 2004 ; 70: 1103-1114.
6. Scalbert A., Johnson IT, Saltmarsh M. Polyphenols: antioxidants and beyond. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 ; 81 (1 Suppl). 215S - 217S.
7. Szent-Györgi A. Preparation of citrin. Physiol Chem. 1938 ; 225: 126-141.
8. Garg A., Garg S., Zaneveld LJ, Singla AK Chemistry and pharmacology of the citrus bioflavonoid hesperidin. Phytother Res. 2001 ; 15: 655-669.
9. Anonymous. Monograph. Vaccinium myrtillus (bilberry). Altern Med Rev. 2001 ; 6: 500-504.
10. Matsumoto H., Nakamura Y., Tachibanaki S., Kawamura S., Hirayama M. Stimulatory effect of cyanidin 3-glycosides on the regeneration of rhodopsin. J Agric Food Chem. 2003 ; 51: 3560-3563.
11. McDougall GJ, Stewart D.: The inhibitory effects of berry polyphenols on digestive enzymes. Biofactors. 2005 ; 23: 189-195.
12. Hou DX, Fujii M., Terahara N., Yoshimoto M. Molecular mechanisms behind the chemopreventive effects of anthocyanidins. J Biomed Biotechnol. 2004 ; 2004: 321-325.
13. Maritime pine extract. In: United States Pharmacopoeia. Vol. 28. Rockville, MD: United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc ; 2005: 2115-2116.
14. Rohdewald P. Pycnogenol®, French maritime pine bark extract. In: Encyclopedia of Dietary Supplements. New York, NY: Marcel Dekker ; 2005: 545-553.
15. Belcaro G., Cesarone MR, Rohdewald P., et al. Prevention of venous thrombosis and thrombophlebitis in long-haul flights with Pycnogenol. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2004 ; 10: 373-377.
16. Grimm T., Chovanová Z., Muchová J., et al. Inhibition of NF-κB activation and MMP-9 secretion by plasma of human volunteers after ingestion of maritime pine bark extract (Pycnogenol®). J Inflamm (Lond). 2006 ; 3: 1-15.
17. Shi J., Yu J., Pohorly JE, Kakuda Y. Polyphenolics in grape seeds-biochemistry and functionality. J Med Food. 2003 ; 6: 291-299.
18. Pervaiz S. Resveratrol: from grapevines to mammalian biology. FASEB J. 2003 ; 17: 1975-1985.
19. Opie LH, Lecour S. The red wine hypothesis: from concepts to protective signaling molecules. Eur Heart J. 2007 ; 28: 1683-1693.
20. Zern TL, Wood RJ, Greene C., et al. Grape polyphenols exert a cardioprotective effect in pre- and postmenopausal women by lowering plasma lipids and reducing oxidative stress. J Nutr. 2005 ; 135: 1911-1917.
21. Komatsu F., Kagawa Y., Sakuma M.,, et al. Investigation of oxidative stress and dietary habits in Mongolian people, compared to Japanese people. Nutr Metab. 2006 ; 3: 21.
22. Thomas JD, Popovi? ZB. Assessment of left ventricular function by cardiac ultrasound. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006 ; 48: 2012-2025.
23. Schiller NB, Shah PM, Crawford M., et al. Recommendations for quantitation of the left ventricle by two-dimensional echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 1989 ; 2: 358-367.
24. Cesarone MR, Belcaro G., Rohdewald P., et al. Comparison of Pycnogenol and Daflon in treating chronic venous insufficiency: a prospective, controlled study. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2006 ; 12: 205-212.
25. Ridker PM Clinical application of C-reactive protein for cardiovascular disease detection and prevention. Circulation. 2003 ; 107: 363-369.
26. Higashi Y., Sasaki S., Sasaki N., et al. Daily aerobic exercise improves reactive hyperemia in patients with essential hypertension. Hypertension. 1999 ; 33: 591-597.