Sterols in a unicellular relative of the metazoans

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Volumn 105, Issue 29, 2008, Pages 9897-9902

  Kodner, Robin B ^a   Summons, Roger E ^b   Pearson, Ann ^a   King, Nicole ^c   Knoll, Andrew H ^a  

^a HARVARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Choanoflagellates; Molecular fossils; Monosiga brevicollis; Origin of metazoans

Indexed keywords

24 ISOPROPYLCHOLESTANE; BIOLOGICAL MARKER; CHOLESTANE DERIVATIVE; STEROL;

ARTICLE; BIOSYNTHESIS; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; FUNGUS; GENOMICS; METAZOON; MONOSIGA BREVICOLLIS; NONHUMAN; PHYLOGENY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTISTAN COMMUNITY; SPONGE (PORIFERA);

ANIMALS; CHOLESTANES; EVOLUTION; FOSSILS; FUNGI; GENOMICS; MASS SPECTROMETRY; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; MOLECULAR STRUCTURE; PORIFERA; STEROLS;

ANIMALIA; CHOANOFLAGELLIDA; METAZOA; MONOSIGA BREVICOLLIS; PROTISTA;

EID: 48249145154     PISSN: 00278424     EISSN: 10916490     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0803975105     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Ourisson G, Rohmer M, Poralla K (1987) Prokaryotic hopanoids and other polyterpenoid sterol surrogates. Ann Rev Microbiol 41:301-333.
2. Brocks JJ, Summons RE (2003) in Treatise on Geochemistry, eds Holland HD, Turekian KK (Elsevier, Amsterdam), pp 63-115.
3. Peters KE, Walters CC, Moldowan JM (2005) The Biomarker Guide (Cambridge Univ Press, Cambridge, UK).
4. Brocks JJ, Pearson AP (2005) Building the biomarker tree of life. Rev Mineral Geochem 59:233-258.
5. 30 steranes in Precambrian to Cenozoic age petroleum and bitumen. Geochem Cosmochim Acta 58:529-532.
6. Hofheinz W, Oesterhelt G (1979) 24-isopropylcholesterol and 22-dehydro-24-isopropylcholesterol, novel sterols from a sponge. Helv Chim Acta 58:529-532.
7. Giner J, Li X, Boyer GL (2001) Sterol composition of Aureoumbra lagunensis, the Texas brown tide alga. Phytochemistry 57:787-789.
8. Sperling EA, Pisani D, Peterson KJ (2007) Poriferan paraphyly and its implications for Precambrian paleobiology. Geol Soc London Spec Publ 286:355-368.
9. Erpenbeck D, Wörheide G (2007) On the molecular phylogeny of sponges (Porifera). Zootaxa 1668:107-126.
10. Medina M, Collins AG, Silberman JD, Sogin ML (2001) Evaluating hypotheses of basal animal phylogeny using complete sequences of large and small subunit rRNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98:9707-9712.
11. Brasier M, Green O, Shields G (1997) Ediacarian sponge spicule clusters from southwestern Mongolia and the origins of the Cambrian fauna. Geology 25:303-306.
12. Gehling JG, Rigby JK (1996) Long expected sponges from the Neoproterozoic Ediacara fauna of South Australia. J Paleontol 70:185-195.
13. Narbonne GM (2005) The Ediacara biota: Neoproterozoic origin of animals and their ecosystems Ann Rev Earth Planet Sci 33:421-442.
14. Yin L, et al. (2007) Doushantuo embryos preserved inside diapause egg cysts. Nature 466:661-663.
15. Peterson KJ, et al. (2004) Estimating metazoan divergence times with a molecular clock. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101:6536-6541.
16. Roger AJ, Hug LA (2006) The origin and diversification of eukaryotes: Problems with molecular phylogenetics and molecular clock estimation. Phil Trans R Soc London Ser B 361:1039-1054.
17. Love GD, et al. (2006) Constraining the timing of basal metazoan radiation using molecular biomarkers and U-Pb isotope dating. Geochem Cosmochim Acta 70:A625.
18. Hoffman PF, Schrag DP (2002) The snowball Earth hypothesis: testing the limits of global change. Terra Nova 14:129-155.
19. Falkowski PG, et al. (2004) The evolution of modern eukaryotic phytoplankton. Science 305:354-360.
20. King N, Hittinger CT, Carroll SB (2003) Evolution of key cell signaling and adhesion protein families predates animal origins. Science 301:361-363.
21. Ruiz-Trillo I, Roger AJ, Burger G, Gray MW, Lang BF (2008) A phylogenomic investigation into the origin of metazoa. Mol Biol Evol 25:664-672.
22. Lang BF, O'Kelly C, Nerad T, Gray MW, Berger G (2002) The closest unicellular relatives of animals. Curr Biol 12:1773-1778.
23. King N (2004) The unicellular ancestry of animal development. Dev Cell 7:313-325.
24. King N, et al. (2008) The genome of the choanoflagellate Monosiga brevicollis and the origin of metazoans. Nature 451:783-788.
25. Mulheirn LJ, Aberhart DJ, Caspi E (1971) Dehydrogenation of sterols by protozoan Tetrahymena pyriformis. J Biol Chem 246:6556-6559.
26. Scallen T, Dean WJ, Laughran ED, Vora BV (1969) Isolation and chemical characterization of Δ5,7,24-cholestatrien-3beta-ol from pig tissues. J Lipid Res 10:121-127.
27. 27 sterols by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. J Lipid Res 38:1685-1701.
28. Ruan B, et al. (2001) Sterols in blood of normal and Smith-Lemli-Opitz subjects. J Lipid Res 42:799-811.
29. Longley RP, Rose AH, Knights BA (1968) Composition of protoplast membrane from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochem J 108:401-412.
30. Fabiani D, Caruso D, Cavaleri M, Kienle MG, Galli G (1996) Cholesta-5,7,9(11)-trien-3 beta-ol found in plasma of patients with Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome indicates formation of sterol hydroperoxide. J Lipid Res 37:2280-2287.
31. Galli G, Maroni S (1967) Mass spectrometric investigations of some unsaturated sterols biosynthetically related to cholesterol. Steroids 10:189-197.
32. Pelillo M, Galletti G, Lercker G (2000) Mass spectral fragmentations of cholesterol acetate oxidation products. Rapid Com Mass Spectr 14:1275-1279.
33. Itoh T, Sica D, Djerassi C (1983) Minor and trace sterols in marine-invertebrates: 35. Isolation and structure elucidation of 74 sterols from the sponge Axinella cannabina. J Chem Soc Perkins Trans 1:147-153.
34. Bergquist PR, Karuso P, Cambie RC, Smith DJ (1991) Sterol composition and classification of the Porifera: 3. Biochem Syst Ecol 19:17-24.
35. Goad LJ (1991) in Methods in Plant Biochemistry, eds Day PM, Harborne JB (Academic, London), Vol 7, pp 369-434.
36. Goad LJ, Akihisa T, eds (1997) Analysis of Sterols (Springer, Berlin).
37. Wyllie SG, Djerassi C (1968) Mass spectrometry in structural and stereochemical problems: 146. Mass spectrometric fragmentations typical of sterols with unsaturated side chains. J Org Chem 33:305-313.
38. Conner RL, Mallory FB, Landrey JR, Iyengar CWL (1969) Conversion of cholesterol to Δ5,7,22-cholestatrien-3beta-ol by Tetrahymena pyriformis. J Biol Chem 244:2325-2333.
39. Raederstorff D, Rohmer M (1985) Sterol biosynthesis de-novo via cycloartenol by the soil ameba Acanthamoeba polyphaga. Biochem J 231:609-613.
40. Bligh EG, Dyer WJ (1959) A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Can J Biochem Physiol 37:911-917.
41. Pearson A, Budin M, Brocks JJ (2003) Phylogenetic biochemical evidence for sterol synthesis in the bacterium Gemmata obsuriglobus. Proc Nat Acad Sci 100:15352-15357.
42. Silva CJ, Djerassi C (1992) Biosynthetic-studies of marine lipids: 36. The origin of common sterol side-chains in 11 sponges using [3-h-3]-squalene. Comp Biochem Biophys 101:255-268.
43. Clamp M, Cuff J, Searle SM, Barton GJ (2004) The Jalview Java alignment editor. Bioinformatics 20:426-427.
44. Felsenstein J (2005) (Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, http://evolution.genetics.washington.edu/phylip).
45. Guindon S, Lethiec F, Duroux P, Gascuel O (2005) PHYML Online - a web server for fast maximum likelihood-based phylogenetic inference. Nucleic Acids Res 33:W557-559.