메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 8, Issue 6, 2008, Pages 759-768

Complement and cellular cytotoxicity in antibody therapy of cancer

Author keywords

Antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity; Cancer immunotherapy; Complement; Complement dependent cytotoxicity; Mechanism of action; Monoclonal antibody

Indexed keywords

ALEMTUZUMAB; COMPLEMENT; DOCETAXEL; EPRATUZUMAB; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY; RITUXIMAB; TRASTUZUMAB;

EID: 45549086969     PISSN: 14712598     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1517/14712598.8.6.759     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (76)

References (97)
  • 1
    • 8944243547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-avidity human IgGK monoclonal antibodies from a novel strain of minilocus transgenic mice
    • Fishwild DM, O'Donnell SL, Bengoechea T, et al. High-avidity human IgGK monoclonal antibodies from a novel strain of minilocus transgenic mice. Nat Biotechnol 1996;14(7):845-51
    • (1996) Nat Biotechnol , vol.14 , Issue.7 , pp. 845-851
    • Fishwild, D.M.1    O'Donnell, S.L.2    Bengoechea, T.3
  • 2
    • 0034948929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibody-based targeting of angiogenesis
    • Halin C, Neri D. Antibody-based targeting of angiogenesis. Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst 2001;18(3):299-339
    • (2001) Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst , vol.18 , Issue.3 , pp. 299-339
    • Halin, C.1    Neri, D.2
  • 3
    • 0033559606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eradication of established tumors by a fully human monoclonal antibody to the epidermal growth factor receptor without concomitant chemotherapy
    • Yang XD, Jia XC, Corvalan JR, et al. Eradication of established tumors by a fully human monoclonal antibody to the epidermal growth factor receptor without concomitant chemotherapy. Cancer Res 1999:59(6):1236-43
    • (1999) Cancer Res , vol.59 , Issue.6 , pp. 1236-1243
    • Yang, X.D.1    Jia, X.C.2    Corvalan, J.R.3
  • 4
    • 0345337254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rituximab chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy for relapsed indolent lymphoma: Half of patients respond to a four-dose treatment program
    • Description of a Phase II trial that served as the basis for the approval of rituximab as a treatment for indolent lymphoma, ••
    • McLaughlin P, Grillo-Lopez AJ, Link BK, et al. Rituximab chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy for relapsed indolent lymphoma: half of patients respond to a four-dose treatment program. J Clin Oncol 1998;16(8):2825-33 •• Description of a Phase II trial that served as the basis for the approval of rituximab as a treatment for indolent lymphoma.
    • (1998) J Clin Oncol , vol.16 , Issue.8 , pp. 2825-2833
    • McLaughlin, P.1    Grillo-Lopez, A.J.2    Link, B.K.3
  • 5
    • 0033855660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rituximab anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: Safety and efficacy of re-treatment
    • Davis TA, Grillo-Lopez AJ, White CA, et al. Rituximab anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: safety and efficacy of re-treatment. J Clin Oncol 2000;18(17):3135-43
    • (2000) J Clin Oncol , vol.18 , Issue.17 , pp. 3135-3143
    • Davis, T.A.1    Grillo-Lopez, A.J.2    White, C.A.3
  • 6
    • 0032850677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multinational study of the efficacy and safety of humanized anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody in women who have HER2-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer that has progressed after chemotherapy for metastatic disease
    • Cobleigh MA, Vogel CL, Tripathy D, et al. Multinational study of the efficacy and safety of humanized anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody in women who have HER2-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer that has progressed after chemotherapy for metastatic disease. J Clin Oncol 1999;17(9):2639-48
    • (1999) J Clin Oncol , vol.17 , Issue.9 , pp. 2639-2648
    • Cobleigh, M.A.1    Vogel, C.L.2    Tripathy, D.3
  • 7
    • 34247876138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development trends for monoclonal antibody cancer therapeutics
    • Reichert JM, Valge-Archer VE. Development trends for monoclonal antibody cancer therapeutics. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2007;6(5):349-56
    • (2007) Nat Rev Drug Discov , vol.6 , Issue.5 , pp. 349-356
    • Reichert, J.M.1    Valge-Archer, V.E.2
  • 8
    • 33847794258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • lung cancer
    • The FDA approves drugs for colorectal cancer
    • The FDA approves drugs for colorectal cancer, lung cancer. FDA Consum 2007;41(1):5
    • (2007) FDA Consum , vol.41 , Issue.1 , pp. 5
  • 9
    • 0028057250 scopus 로고
    • Depletion of B cells in vivo by a chimeric mouse human monoclonal antibody to CD20
    • Reff ME, Carner K, Chambers KS, et al. Depletion of B cells in vivo by a chimeric mouse human monoclonal antibody to CD20. Blood 1994;83(2):435-45
    • (1994) Blood , vol.83 , Issue.2 , pp. 435-445
    • Reff, M.E.1    Carner, K.2    Chambers, K.S.3
  • 10
    • 20044375603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biological activity of bevacizumab, a humanized anti-VEGF antibody in vitro
    • Wang Y, Fei D, Vanderlaan M, Song A. Biological activity of bevacizumab, a humanized anti-VEGF antibody in vitro. Angiogenesis 2004;7(4):335-45
    • (2004) Angiogenesis , vol.7 , Issue.4 , pp. 335-345
    • Wang, Y.1    Fei, D.2    Vanderlaan, M.3    Song, A.4
  • 11
    • 28944434122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complement before molecular biology
    • Lachmann P. Complement before molecular biology. Mol Immunol 2006;43(6):496-508
    • (2006) Mol Immunol , vol.43 , Issue.6 , pp. 496-508
    • Lachmann, P.1
  • 12
    • 0033774970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of cytotoxicity induced by chimeric mouse human monoclonal antibody IDEC-C2B8 in CD20-expressing lymphoma cell lines
    • Flieger D, Renoth S, Beier I, et al. Mechanism of cytotoxicity induced by chimeric mouse human monoclonal antibody IDEC-C2B8 in CD20-expressing lymphoma cell lines. Cell Immunol 2000;204(1):55-63
    • (2000) Cell Immunol , vol.204 , Issue.1 , pp. 55-63
    • Flieger, D.1    Renoth, S.2    Beier, I.3
  • 13
    • 0034091481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rituximab (anti-CD20) therapy of B-cell lymphomas: Direct complement killing is superior to cellular effector mechanisms
    • Harjunpaa A, Junnikkala S, Meri S. Rituximab (anti-CD20) therapy of B-cell lymphomas: direct complement killing is superior to cellular effector mechanisms. Scand J Immunol 2000:51(6):634-41
    • (2000) Scand J Immunol , vol.51 , Issue.6 , pp. 634-641
    • Harjunpaa, A.1    Junnikkala, S.2    Meri, S.3
  • 14
    • 0034660092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biologic response of B lymphoma cells to anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab in vitro: CD55 and CD59 regulate complement-mediated cell lysis
    • Golay J, Zaffaroni L, Vaccari T, et al. Biologic response of B lymphoma cells to anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab in vitro: CD55 and CD59 regulate complement-mediated cell lysis. Blood 2000;95(12):3900-8
    • (2000) Blood , vol.95 , Issue.12 , pp. 3900-3908
    • Golay, J.1    Zaffaroni, L.2    Vaccari, T.3
  • 15
    • 0035760902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CD20 levels determine the in vitro susceptibility to rituximab and complement of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: Further regulation by CD55 and CD59
    • Golay J, Lazzari M, Facchinetti V, et al. CD20 levels determine the in vitro susceptibility to rituximab and complement of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: further regulation by CD55 and CD59. Blood 2001;98(12):3383-9
    • (2001) Blood , vol.98 , Issue.12 , pp. 3383-3389
    • Golay, J.1    Lazzari, M.2    Facchinetti, V.3
  • 16
    • 0035525769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complement-mediated cell death induced by rituximab in B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders is mediated in vitro by a caspase-independent mechanism involving the generation of reactive oxygen species
    • Bellosillo B, Villamor N, Lopez-Guillermo A, et al. Complement-mediated cell death induced by rituximab in B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders is mediated in vitro by a caspase-independent mechanism involving the generation of reactive oxygen species. Blood 2001;98(9):2771-7
    • (2001) Blood , vol.98 , Issue.9 , pp. 2771-2777
    • Bellosillo, B.1    Villamor, N.2    Lopez-Guillermo, A.3
  • 17
    • 0035469885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of complement inhibitors CD46, CD55, and CD59 on tumor cells does not predict clinical outcome after rituximab treatment in follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma
    • Weng WK, Levy R. Expression of complement inhibitors CD46, CD55, and CD59 on tumor cells does not predict clinical outcome after rituximab treatment in follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood 2001;98(5):1352-7
    • (2001) Blood , vol.98 , Issue.5 , pp. 1352-1357
    • Weng, W.K.1    Levy, R.2
  • 18
    • 1642306050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibody specificity controls in vivo effector mechanisms of anti-CD20 reagents
    • Cragg MS, Glennie MJ. Antibody specificity controls in vivo effector mechanisms of anti-CD20 reagents. Blood 2004;103(7):2738-43
    • (2004) Blood , vol.103 , Issue.7 , pp. 2738-2743
    • Cragg, M.S.1    Glennie, M.J.2
  • 19
    • 0037306946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complement-mediated lysis by anti-CD20 mAb correlates with segregation into lipid rafts
    • This paper describes how the importance of various mechanisms of action can vary between antibodies that recognize the same antigen, •
    • Cragg MS, Morgan SM, Chan HT, et al. Complement-mediated lysis by anti-CD20 mAb correlates with segregation into lipid rafts. Blood 2003;101(3):1045-52 • This paper describes how the importance of various mechanisms of action can vary between antibodies that recognize the same antigen.
    • (2003) Blood , vol.101 , Issue.3 , pp. 1045-1052
    • Cragg, M.S.1    Morgan, S.M.2    Chan, H.T.3
  • 20
    • 31444453579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alemtuzumab induces caspase-independent cell death in human chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells through a lipid raft-dependent mechanism
    • Mone AP, Cheney C, Banks AL, et al. Alemtuzumab induces caspase-independent cell death in human chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells through a lipid raft-dependent mechanism. Leukemia 2006;20(2):272-9
    • (2006) Leukemia , vol.20 , Issue.2 , pp. 272-279
    • Mone, A.P.1    Cheney, C.2    Banks, A.L.3
  • 21
    • 33645396210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The sensitivity of acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells carrying the t(12;21) translocation to campath-1H-mediated cell lysis
    • Golay J, Cordana C, Manganini M, et al. The sensitivity of acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells carrying the t(12;21) translocation to campath-1H-mediated cell lysis. Haematologica 2006;91(3):322-30
    • (2006) Haematologica , vol.91 , Issue.3 , pp. 322-330
    • Golay, J.1    Cordana, C.2    Manganini, M.3
  • 22
    • 0024478054 scopus 로고
    • p185HER2 monoclonal antibody has antiproliferative effects in vitro and sensitizes human breast tumor cells to tumor necrosis factor
    • Hudziak RM, Lewis GD, Winget M, et al. p185HER2 monoclonal antibody has antiproliferative effects in vitro and sensitizes human breast tumor cells to tumor necrosis factor. Mol Cell Biol 1989;9(3):1165-72
    • (1989) Mol Cell Biol , vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp. 1165-1172
    • Hudziak, R.M.1    Lewis, G.D.2    Winget, M.3
  • 23
    • 0037099532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Herceptin-induced inhibition of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase and Akt Is required for antibody-mediated effects on p27, cyclin D1, and antitumor action
    • Yakes FM, Chinratanalab W, Ritter CA, et al. Herceptin-induced inhibition of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase and Akt Is required for antibody-mediated effects on p27, cyclin D1, and antitumor action. Cancer Res 2002;62(14):4132-41
    • (2002) Cancer Res , vol.62 , Issue.14 , pp. 4132-4141
    • Yakes, F.M.1    Chinratanalab, W.2    Ritter, C.A.3
  • 24
    • 0042346042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Di Gaetano N, Cittera E, Nota R, et al. Complement activation determines the therapeutic activity of rituximab in vivo. J Immunol 2003:171(3):1581-7 • Complement mediated lysis was found to be important in a murine model of rituximab therapy, but clinical relevance was limited by the use of a murine T cell lymphoma that expresses human CD20.
    • Di Gaetano N, Cittera E, Nota R, et al. Complement activation determines the therapeutic activity of rituximab in vivo. J Immunol 2003:171(3):1581-7 • Complement mediated lysis was found to be important in a murine model of rituximab therapy, but clinical relevance was limited by the use of a murine T cell lymphoma that expresses human CD20.
  • 25
    • 28544440831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complement-mediated mechanisms in anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody therapy of murine metastatic cancer
    • Imai M, Landen C, Ohta R, et al. Complement-mediated mechanisms in anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody therapy of murine metastatic cancer. Cancer Res 2005;65(22):10562-8
    • (2005) Cancer Res , vol.65 , Issue.22 , pp. 10562-10568
    • Imai, M.1    Landen, C.2    Ohta, R.3
  • 26
    • 33644501166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of complement in the therapeutic activity of rituximab in a murine B lymphoma model homing in lymph nodes
    • Golay J, Cittera E, Di Gaetano N, et al. The role of complement in the therapeutic activity of rituximab in a murine B lymphoma model homing in lymph nodes. Haematologica 2006;91(2):176-83
    • (2006) Haematologica , vol.91 , Issue.2 , pp. 176-183
    • Golay, J.1    Cittera, E.2    Di Gaetano, N.3
  • 27
    • 0035501012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ballas ZK, Krieg AM, Warren T, et al. Divergent therapeutic and immunologic effects of oligodeoxynucleotides with distinct CpG motifs. J Immunol 2001;167(9):4878-86 • The results presented in this paper show that the relative therapeutic importance of various effector cell populations capable of mediating antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity can be modified by the addition of immunostimulatory agents
    • Ballas ZK, Krieg AM, Warren T, et al. Divergent therapeutic and immunologic effects of oligodeoxynucleotides with distinct CpG motifs. J Immunol 2001;167(9):4878-86 • The results presented in this paper show that the relative therapeutic importance of various effector cell populations capable of mediating antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity can be modified by the addition of immunostimulatory agents.
  • 28
    • 0035676926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complement activation plays a key role in the side-effects of rituximab treatment
    • Van Der Kolk LE, Grillo-Lopez AJ, Baars JW, et al. Complement activation plays a key role in the side-effects of rituximab treatment. Br J Haematol 2001;115(4):807-11
    • (2001) Br J Haematol , vol.115 , Issue.4 , pp. 807-811
    • Van Der Kolk, L.E.1    Grillo-Lopez, A.J.2    Baars, J.W.3
  • 29
    • 0038518572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apoptotic-regulatory and complement-protecting protein expression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: Relationship to in vivo rituximab resistance
    • Bannerji R, Kitada S, Flinn IW, et al. Apoptotic-regulatory and complement-protecting protein expression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: relationship to in vivo rituximab resistance. J Clin Oncol 2003;21(8):1466-71
    • (2003) J Clin Oncol , vol.21 , Issue.8 , pp. 1466-1471
    • Bannerji, R.1    Kitada, S.2    Flinn, I.W.3
  • 30
    • 0034999619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumor cell expression of CD59 is associated with resistance to CD20 serotherapy in patients with B-cell malignancies
    • Treon SP, Mitsiades C, Mitsiades N, et al. Tumor cell expression of CD59 is associated with resistance to CD20 serotherapy in patients with B-cell malignancies. J Immunother 2001;24(3):263-71
    • (2001) J Immunother , vol.24 , Issue.3 , pp. 263-271
    • Treon, S.P.1    Mitsiades, C.2    Mitsiades, N.3
  • 31
    • 0037306893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro mechanisms of action of rituximab on primary non-Hodgkin lymphomas
    • Manches O, Lui G, Chaperot L, et al. In vitro mechanisms of action of rituximab on primary non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Blood 2003;101(3):949-54
    • (2003) Blood , vol.101 , Issue.3 , pp. 949-954
    • Manches, O.1    Lui, G.2    Chaperot, L.3
  • 32
    • 22544462219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ziller F, Macor P, Bulla R, et al. Controlling complement resistance in cancer by using human monoclonal antibodies that neutralize complement- regulatory proteins CD55 and CD59. Eur J Immunol 2005;35(7):2175-83 * The results presented in this paper show that complement lysis can be enhanced by blocking the activity of molecules that neutralize complement
    • Ziller F, Macor P, Bulla R, et al. Controlling complement resistance in cancer by using human monoclonal antibodies that neutralize complement- regulatory proteins CD55 and CD59. Eur J Immunol 2005;35(7):2175-83 * The results presented in this paper show that complement lysis can be enhanced by blocking the activity of molecules that neutralize complement.
  • 33
    • 32944455120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blockade of bulky lymphoma-associated CD55 expression by RNA interference overcomes resistance to complement-dependent cytotoxicity with rituximab
    • Terui Y, Sakurai T, Mishima Y, et al. Blockade of bulky lymphoma-associated CD55 expression by RNA interference overcomes resistance to complement-dependent cytotoxicity with rituximab. Cancer Sci 2006;97(1):72-9
    • (2006) Cancer Sci , vol.97 , Issue.1 , pp. 72-79
    • Terui, Y.1    Sakurai, T.2    Mishima, Y.3
  • 34
    • 0037306990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An anti-C3b(i) mAb enhances complement activation, C3b(i) deposition, and killing of CD20+ cells by rituximab
    • Kennedy AD, Solga MD, Schuman TA, et al. An anti-C3b(i) mAb enhances complement activation, C3b(i) deposition, and killing of CD20+ cells by rituximab. Blood 2003;101(3):1071-9
    • (2003) Blood , vol.101 , Issue.3 , pp. 1071-1079
    • Kennedy, A.D.1    Solga, M.D.2    Schuman, T.A.3
  • 35
    • 0034655265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mapping of the C1q binding site on rituxan, a chimeric antibody with a human IgG1 Fc
    • Idusogie EE, Presta LG, Gazzano-Santoro H, et al. Mapping of the C1q binding site on rituxan, a chimeric antibody with a human IgG1 Fc. J Immunol 2000;164(8):4178-84
    • (2000) J Immunol , vol.164 , Issue.8 , pp. 4178-4184
    • Idusogie, E.E.1    Presta, L.G.2    Gazzano-Santoro, H.3
  • 36
    • 0035865063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Idusogie EE, Wong PY, Presta LG, et al. Engineered antibodies with increased activity to recruit complement. J Immunol 2001;166(4):2571-5 • The results presented in this paper show that complement lysis can be enhanced by modifying the Fc portion of the IgG
    • Idusogie EE, Wong PY, Presta LG, et al. Engineered antibodies with increased activity to recruit complement. J Immunol 2001;166(4):2571-5 • The results presented in this paper show that complement lysis can be enhanced by modifying the Fc portion of the IgG.
  • 37
    • 0027375130 scopus 로고
    • Differential responses of human tumor cell lines to anti-p185HER2 monoclonal antibodies
    • Lewis GD, Figari I, Fendly B, et al. Differential responses of human tumor cell lines to anti-p185HER2 monoclonal antibodies. Cancer Immunol Immunother 1993;37(4):255-63
    • (1993) Cancer Immunol Immunother , vol.37 , Issue.4 , pp. 255-263
    • Lewis, G.D.1    Figari, I.2    Fendly, B.3
  • 38
    • 0032851961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonclinical studies addressing the mechanism of action of trastuzumab (Herceptin)
    • Sliwkowski MX, Lofgren JA, Lewis GD, et al. Nonclinical studies addressing the mechanism of action of trastuzumab (Herceptin). Semin Oncol 1999;26(4 Suppl 12):60-70
    • (1999) Semin Oncol , vol.26 , Issue.4 SUPPL. 12 , pp. 60-70
    • Sliwkowski, M.X.1    Lofgren, J.A.2    Lewis, G.D.3
  • 39
    • 0032885461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural killer cell cytotoxicity of breast cancer targets is enhanced by two distinct mechanisms of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity against LFA-3 and HER2/neu
    • Cooley S, Burns LJ, Repka T, Miller JS. Natural killer cell cytotoxicity of breast cancer targets is enhanced by two distinct mechanisms of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity against LFA-3 and HER2/neu. Exp Hematol 1999;27(10):1533-41
    • (1999) Exp Hematol , vol.27 , Issue.10 , pp. 1533-1541
    • Cooley, S.1    Burns, L.J.2    Repka, T.3    Miller, J.S.4
  • 40
    • 0035479914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic approaches for transplantation
    • Waldmann H. Therapeutic approaches for transplantation. Curr Opin Immunol 2001;13(5):606-10
    • (2001) Curr Opin Immunol , vol.13 , Issue.5 , pp. 606-610
    • Waldmann, H.1
  • 41
    • 0036470439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of Campath-1H: Assay development and validation
    • Rebello P, Hale G. Pharmacokinetics of Campath-1H: assay development and validation. J Immunol Methods 2002;260(1-2):285-302
    • (2002) J Immunol Methods , vol.260 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 285-302
    • Rebello, P.1    Hale, G.2
  • 42
    • 0036456619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated lymphomas are efficiently lysed through complement-dependent cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity by rituximab
    • Golay J, Gramigna R, Facchinetti V, et al. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated lymphomas are efficiently lysed through complement-dependent cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity by rituximab. Br J Haematol 2002;119(4):923-9
    • (2002) Br J Haematol , vol.119 , Issue.4 , pp. 923-929
    • Golay, J.1    Gramigna, R.2    Facchinetti, V.3
  • 44
    • 0031905710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fc receptors are required in passive and active immunity to melanoma
    • An important study utilizing knockout mice, demonstrating the importance of IgG receptors in mediating the anti-tumor effects of antibody therapy, ••
    • Clynes R, Takechi Y, Moroi Y, et al. Fc receptors are required in passive and active immunity to melanoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998;95(2):652-6 •• An important study utilizing knockout mice, demonstrating the importance of IgG receptors in mediating the anti-tumor effects of antibody therapy.
    • (1998) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.95 , Issue.2 , pp. 652-656
    • Clynes, R.1    Takechi, Y.2    Moroi, Y.3
  • 45
    • 0034076307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibitory Fc receptors modulate in vivo cytoxicity against tumor targets
    • The results presented show that knocking out inhibitory IgG receptors can enhance the effect of anti-cancer antibodies, suggesting the potential of such receptors to limit the therapeutic response to antibody therapy, •
    • Clynes RA, Towers TL, Presta LG, Ravetch JV. Inhibitory Fc receptors modulate in vivo cytoxicity against tumor targets. Nat Med 2000;6(4):443-6 • The results presented show that knocking out inhibitory IgG receptors can enhance the effect of anti-cancer antibodies, suggesting the potential of such receptors to limit the therapeutic response to antibody therapy.
    • (2000) Nat Med , vol.6 , Issue.4 , pp. 443-446
    • Clynes, R.A.1    Towers, T.L.2    Presta, L.G.3    Ravetch, J.V.4
  • 46
    • 0141885088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effective therapy for a murine model of adult T-cell leukemia with the humanized anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody, Campath-1H
    • Zhang Z, Zhang M, Goldman CK, et al. Effective therapy for a murine model of adult T-cell leukemia with the humanized anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody, Campath-1H. Cancer Res 2003;63(19):6453-7
    • (2003) Cancer Res , vol.63 , Issue.19 , pp. 6453-6457
    • Zhang, Z.1    Zhang, M.2    Goldman, C.K.3
  • 47
    • 0030611643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FcγRIIIa-158V/F polymorphism influences the binding of IgG by natural killer cell FcγRIIIa, independently of the FcγRIIIa-48L/R/H phenotype
    • A polymorphism in the low affinity Fcγ receptor was shown to affect binding of IgG to NK cells, •
    • Koene HR, Kleijer M, Algra J, et al. FcγRIIIa-158V/F polymorphism influences the binding of IgG by natural killer cell FcγRIIIa, independently of the FcγRIIIa-48L/R/H phenotype. Blood 1997;90(3):1109-14 • A polymorphism in the low affinity Fcγ receptor was shown to affect binding of IgG to NK cells.
    • (1997) Blood , vol.90 , Issue.3 , pp. 1109-1114
    • Koene, H.R.1    Kleijer, M.2    Algra, J.3
  • 48
    • 0036464719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic activity of humanized anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody and polymorphism in IgG Fc receptor FcγRIIIa gene
    • This important correlative study that was the first, to our knowledge, to indicate that polymorphisms in FcγRIIIa affect clinical response to antibody therapy, ••
    • Cartron G, Dacheux L, Salles G, et al. Therapeutic activity of humanized anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody and polymorphism in IgG Fc receptor FcγRIIIa gene. Blood 2002;99(3):754-8 •• This important correlative study that was the first, to our knowledge, to indicate that polymorphisms in FcγRIIIa affect clinical response to antibody therapy.
    • (2002) Blood , vol.99 , Issue.3 , pp. 754-758
    • Cartron, G.1    Dacheux, L.2    Salles, G.3
  • 49
    • 0642373290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two immunoglobulin G fragment C receptor polymorphisms independently predict response to rituximab in patients with follicular lymphoma
    • • This research confirmed and extended the results of the Carton paper above demonstrating the importance of Fcγ receptor polymorphisms in responses to rituximab therapy
    • Weng WK, Levy R. Two immunoglobulin G fragment C receptor polymorphisms independently predict response to rituximab in patients with follicular lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 2003;21(21):3940-7 • This research confirmed and extended the results of the Carton paper above demonstrating the importance of Fcγ receptor polymorphisms in responses to rituximab therapy.
    • (2003) J Clin Oncol , vol.21 , Issue.21 , pp. 3940-3947
    • Weng, W.K.1    Levy, R.2
  • 50
    • 20044363597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymorphisms in FcγRIIIA (CD16) receptor expression are associated with clinical response to rituximab in Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia
    • Treon SP, Hansen M, Branagan AR, et al. Polymorphisms in FcγRIIIA (CD16) receptor expression are associated with clinical response to rituximab in Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia. J Clin Oncol 2005;23(3):474-81
    • (2005) J Clin Oncol , vol.23 , Issue.3 , pp. 474-481
    • Treon, S.P.1    Hansen, M.2    Branagan, A.R.3
  • 51
    • 0842264005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FcγRIIIa and FcγRIIa polymorphisms do not predict response to rituximab in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia
    • Farag SS, Flinn IW, Modali R, et al. FcγRIIIa and FcγRIIa polymorphisms do not predict response to rituximab in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 2004;103(4):1472-4
    • (2004) Blood , vol.103 , Issue.4 , pp. 1472-1474
    • Farag, S.S.1    Flinn, I.W.2    Modali, R.3
  • 52
    • 19944425937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FCGR3A and FCGR2A polymorphisms may not correlate with response to alemtuzumab in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
    • Lin TS, Flinn IW, Modali R, et al. FCGR3A and FCGR2A polymorphisms may not correlate with response to alemtuzumab in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 2005;105(1):289-91
    • (2005) Blood , vol.105 , Issue.1 , pp. 289-291
    • Lin, T.S.1    Flinn, I.W.2    Modali, R.3
  • 53
    • 0023911111 scopus 로고
    • Reshaping human antibodies for therapy
    • Humanization of murine monoclonal antibodies, which is now used routinely, is possible as a strategy to overcome many of the limitations seen with those murine antibodies, ••
    • Riechmann L, Clark M, Waldmann H, Winter G. Reshaping human antibodies for therapy. Nature 1988;332(6162):323-7 •• " Humanization" of murine monoclonal antibodies, which is now used routinely, is possible as a strategy to overcome many of the limitations seen with those murine antibodies.
    • (1988) Nature , vol.332 , Issue.6162 , pp. 323-327
    • Riechmann, L.1    Clark, M.2    Waldmann, H.3    Winter, G.4
  • 54
    • 0024566393 scopus 로고
    • Effects of Campath-1 antibodies in vivo in patients with lymphoid malignancies: Influence of antibody iso type
    • A clinical report describing the first use, to our knowledge, of a humanized monoclonal antibody in humans, •
    • Dyer MJ, Hale G, Hayhoe FG, Waldmann H. Effects of Campath-1 antibodies in vivo in patients with lymphoid malignancies: influence of antibody iso type. Blood 1989;73(6):1431-9 • A clinical report describing the first use, to our knowledge, of a humanized monoclonal antibody in humans.
    • (1989) Blood , vol.73 , Issue.6 , pp. 1431-1439
    • Dyer, M.J.1    Hale, G.2    Hayhoe, F.G.3    Waldmann, H.4
  • 55
    • 4444372733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pilot study of the mechanism of action of preoperative trastuzumab in patients with primary operable breast tumors overexpressing HER2
    • Gennari R, Menard S, Fagnoni F, et al. Pilot study of the mechanism of action of preoperative trastuzumab in patients with primary operable breast tumors overexpressing HER2. Clin Cancer Res 2004;10(17):5650-5
    • (2004) Clin Cancer Res , vol.10 , Issue.17 , pp. 5650-5655
    • Gennari, R.1    Menard, S.2    Fagnoni, F.3
  • 56
    • 31444451572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trastuzumab-based treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer: An antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity mechanism?
    • Arnould L, Gelly M, Penault-Llorca F, et al. Trastuzumab-based treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer: an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity mechanism? Br J Cancer 2006;94(2):259-67
    • (2006) Br J Cancer , vol.94 , Issue.2 , pp. 259-267
    • Arnould, L.1    Gelly, M.2    Penault-Llorca, F.3
  • 57
    • 0035794194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High resolution mapping of the binding site on human IgG1 for FcγRI, FcγRII, FcγRIII, and FcRn and design of IgG1 variants with improved binding to the FcγR
    • Shields RL, Namenuk AK, Hong K, et al. High resolution mapping of the binding site on human IgG1 for FcγRI, FcγRII, FcγRIII, and FcRn and design of IgG1 variants with improved binding to the FcγR. J Biol Chem 2001;276(9):6591-604
    • (2001) J Biol Chem , vol.276 , Issue.9 , pp. 6591-6604
    • Shields, R.L.1    Namenuk, A.K.2    Hong, K.3
  • 58
    • 33645218704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Engineered antibody Fc variants with enhanced effector function
    • The evidence presented in this report shows that effector function of monoclonal antibodies can be modified in a predictable manner through engineering of the antibody Fc, •
    • Lazar GA, Dang W, Karki S, et al. Engineered antibody Fc variants with enhanced effector function. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2006;103(11):4005-10 • The evidence presented in this report shows that effector function of monoclonal antibodies can be modified in a predictable manner through engineering of the antibody Fc.
    • (2006) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.103 , Issue.11 , pp. 4005-4010
    • Lazar, G.A.1    Dang, W.2    Karki, S.3
  • 59
    • 33750622479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody with enhanced affinity for CD16 activates NK cells at lower concentrations and more effectively than rituximab
    • Bowles JA, Wang SY, Link BK, et al. Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody with enhanced affinity for CD16 activates NK cells at lower concentrations and more effectively than rituximab. Blood 2006;108(8):2648-54
    • (2006) Blood , vol.108 , Issue.8 , pp. 2648-2654
    • Bowles, J.A.1    Wang, S.Y.2    Link, B.K.3
  • 60
    • 0019522383 scopus 로고
    • Crystallographic refinement and atomic models of a human Fc fragment and its complex with fragment B of protein A from Staphylococcus aureus at 2.9- and 2.8-A resolution
    • Deisenhofer J. Crystallographic refinement and atomic models of a human Fc fragment and its complex with fragment B of protein A from Staphylococcus aureus at 2.9- and 2.8-A resolution. Biochemistry 1981;20(9):2361-70
    • (1981) Biochemistry , vol.20 , Issue.9 , pp. 2361-2370
    • Deisenhofer, J.1
  • 61
    • 0031033895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of glycosylation on antibody function: Implications for genetic engineering
    • Wright A, Morrison SL. Effect of glycosylation on antibody function: implications for genetic engineering. Trends Biotechnol 1997;15(1):26-32
    • (1997) Trends Biotechnol , vol.15 , Issue.1 , pp. 26-32
    • Wright, A.1    Morrison, S.L.2
  • 62
    • 0029563888 scopus 로고
    • Glycosylation and biological activity of CAMPATH-1H expressed in different cell lines and grown under different culture conditions
    • Lifely MR, Hale C, Boyce S, et al. Glycosylation and biological activity of CAMPATH-1H expressed in different cell lines and grown under different culture conditions. Glycobiology 1995;5(8):813-22
    • (1995) Glycobiology , vol.5 , Issue.8 , pp. 813-822
    • Lifely, M.R.1    Hale, C.2    Boyce, S.3
  • 63
    • 0033044588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Engineered glycoforms of an antineuroblastoma IgG1 with optimized antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxic activity
    • The results presented in this report show that not only protein sequence, but also glycosylation patterns, can affect the ability of a monoclonal antibody to mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, •
    • Umana P, Jean-Mairet J, Moudry R, et al. Engineered glycoforms of an antineuroblastoma IgG1 with optimized antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxic activity. Nat Biotechnol 1999;17(2):176-80 • The results presented in this report show that not only protein sequence, but also glycosylation patterns, can affect the ability of a monoclonal antibody to mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.
    • (1999) Nat Biotechnol , vol.17 , Issue.2 , pp. 176-180
    • Umana, P.1    Jean-Mairet, J.2    Moudry, R.3
  • 64
    • 0037474276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The absence of fucose but not the presence of galactose or bisecting N-acetylglucosamine of human IgG1 complex-type oligosaccharides shows the critical role of enhancing antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity
    • Shinkawa T, Nakamura K, Yamane N, et al. The absence of fucose but not the presence of galactose or bisecting N-acetylglucosamine of human IgG1 complex-type oligosaccharides shows the critical role of enhancing antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. J Biol Chem 2003;278(5):3466-73
    • (2003) J Biol Chem , vol.278 , Issue.5 , pp. 3466-3473
    • Shinkawa, T.1    Nakamura, K.2    Yamane, N.3
  • 65
    • 34247854443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A nonfucosylated anti-HER2 antibody augments antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in breast cancer patients
    • Suzuki E, Niwa R, Saji S, et al. A nonfucosylated anti-HER2 antibody augments antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in breast cancer patients. Clin Cancer Res 2007;13(6):1875-82
    • (2007) Clin Cancer Res , vol.13 , Issue.6 , pp. 1875-1882
    • Suzuki, E.1    Niwa, R.2    Saji, S.3
  • 66
    • 0024563994 scopus 로고
    • Recombinant human granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor enhances monocyte cytotoxicity and secretion of tumor necrosis factor α and interferon in cancer patients
    • Wing EJ, Magee DM, Whiteside TL, et al. Recombinant human granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor enhances monocyte cytotoxicity and secretion of tumor necrosis factor α and interferon in cancer patients. Blood 1989;73(3):643-6
    • (1989) Blood , vol.73 , Issue.3 , pp. 643-646
    • Wing, E.J.1    Magee, D.M.2    Whiteside, T.L.3
  • 67
    • 0020084343 scopus 로고
    • Effect of human recombinant interferon on cytotoxic activity of narural killer (NK) cells and monocytes
    • Herberman RB, Ortaldo JR, Mantovani A, et al. Effect of human recombinant interferon on cytotoxic activity of narural killer (NK) cells and monocytes. Cell Immunol 1982;67(1):160-7
    • (1982) Cell Immunol , vol.67 , Issue.1 , pp. 160-167
    • Herberman, R.B.1    Ortaldo, J.R.2    Mantovani, A.3
  • 68
    • 0022530989 scopus 로고
    • Dissection of the lymphokine-activated killer phenomenon. Relative contribution of peripheral blood natural killer cells and T lymphocytes to cytolysis
    • Phillips JH, Lanier LL. Dissection of the lymphokine-activated killer phenomenon. Relative contribution of peripheral blood natural killer cells and T lymphocytes to cytolysis. J Exp Med 1986;164(3):814-25
    • (1986) J Exp Med , vol.164 , Issue.3 , pp. 814-825
    • Phillips, J.H.1    Lanier, L.L.2
  • 69
    • 0037313578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-12 and the regulation of innate resistance and adaptive immunity
    • Trinchieri G. Interleukin-12 and the regulation of innate resistance and adaptive immunity. Nat Rev Immunol 2003;3(2):133-46
    • (2003) Nat Rev Immunol , vol.3 , Issue.2 , pp. 133-146
    • Trinchieri, G.1
  • 70
    • 0037479973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trastuzumab and interleukin-2 in HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer: A pilot study
    • Repka T, Chiorean EG, Gay J, et al. Trastuzumab and interleukin-2 in HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer: a pilot study. Clin Cancer Res 2003;9(7):2440-6
    • (2003) Clin Cancer Res , vol.9 , Issue.7 , pp. 2440-2446
    • Repka, T.1    Chiorean, E.G.2    Gay, J.3
  • 71
    • 0030900680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG motifs enhance the efficacy of monoclonal antibody therapy of lymphoma
    • Wooldridge JE, Ballas Z, Krieg AM, Weiner GJ. Immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG motifs enhance the efficacy of monoclonal antibody therapy of lymphoma. Blood 1997;89(8):2994-8
    • (1997) Blood , vol.89 , Issue.8 , pp. 2994-2998
    • Wooldridge, J.E.1    Ballas, Z.2    Krieg, A.M.3    Weiner, G.J.4
  • 72
    • 22744443857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rituximab mediates in vitro antileukemic activity in pediatric patients after allogeneic transplantation
    • Pfeiffer M, Stanojevic S, Feuchtinger T, et al. Rituximab mediates in vitro antileukemic activity in pediatric patients after allogeneic transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2005;36(2):91-7
    • (2005) Bone Marrow Transplant , vol.36 , Issue.2 , pp. 91-97
    • Pfeiffer, M.1    Stanojevic, S.2    Feuchtinger, T.3
  • 73
    • 33746047673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Van Meerten T, Van Rijn RS, Hol S, et al. Complement-induced cell death by rituximab depends on CD20 expression level and acts complementary to antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Clin Cancer Res 2006;12(13):4027-35 • The results presented in this report show that both complement-mediated lysis and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity can be the primary mechanism of action for rituximab, based on a number of target cell factors including antigen expression.
    • Van Meerten T, Van Rijn RS, Hol S, et al. Complement-induced cell death by rituximab depends on CD20 expression level and acts complementary to antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Clin Cancer Res 2006;12(13):4027-35 • The results presented in this report show that both complement-mediated lysis and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity can be the primary mechanism of action for rituximab, based on a number of target cell factors including antigen expression.
  • 74
    • 0036945832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C5a anaphylatoxin is a major regulator of activating versus inhibitory FcγRs in immune complex-induced lung disease
    • Shushakova N, Skokowa J, Schulman J, et al. C5a anaphylatoxin is a major regulator of activating versus inhibitory FcγRs in immune complex-induced lung disease. J Clin Invest 2002;110(12):1823-30
    • (2002) J Clin Invest , vol.110 , Issue.12 , pp. 1823-1830
    • Shushakova, N.1    Skokowa, J.2    Schulman, J.3
  • 75
    • 0033564274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human immunoglobulin A receptor (FcαRI, CD89) function in transgenic mice requires both FcR γ chain and CR3 (CD11b/CD18)
    • Van Egmond M, Van Vuuren AJ, Morton HC, et al. Human immunoglobulin A receptor (FcαRI, CD89) function in transgenic mice requires both FcR γ chain and CR3 (CD11b/CD18). Blood 1999;93(12):4387-94
    • (1999) Blood , vol.93 , Issue.12 , pp. 4387-4394
    • Van Egmond, M.1    Van Vuuren, A.J.2    Morton, H.C.3
  • 76
    • 0033562365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monoclonal Lym-1 antibody-dependent cytolysis by neutrophils exposed to granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor: Intervention of FcgammaRII (CD32), CD11b-CD18 integrins, and CD66b glycoproteins
    • Ottonello L, Epstein AL, Dapino P, et al. Monoclonal Lym-1 antibody-dependent cytolysis by neutrophils exposed to granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor: intervention of FcgammaRII (CD32), CD11b-CD18 integrins, and CD66b glycoproteins. Blood 1999;93(10):3505-11
    • (1999) Blood , vol.93 , Issue.10 , pp. 3505-3511
    • Ottonello, L.1    Epstein, A.L.2    Dapino, P.3
  • 77
    • 0037217937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18) is crucial for effective Fc receptor-mediated immunity to melanoma
    • Van Spriel AB, Van Ojik HH, Bakker A, et al. Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18) is crucial for effective Fc receptor-mediated immunity to melanoma. Blood 2003;101(1):253-8
    • (2003) Blood , vol.101 , Issue.1 , pp. 253-258
    • Van Spriel, A.B.1    Van Ojik, H.H.2    Bakker, A.3
  • 78
    • 33747880652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ex vivo-activated human macrophages kill chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells in the presence of rituximab: Mechanism of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and impact of human serum
    • Lefebvre ML, Krause SW, Salcedo M, Nardin A. Ex vivo-activated human macrophages kill chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells in the presence of rituximab: mechanism of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and impact of human serum. J Immunother 2006;29(4):388-97
    • (2006) J Immunother , vol.29 , Issue.4 , pp. 388-397
    • Lefebvre, M.L.1    Krause, S.W.2    Salcedo, M.3    Nardin, A.4
  • 79
    • 1342282157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rituximab infusion promotes rapid complement depletion and acute CD20 loss in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
    • A demonstration that antigen/antibody/ complement complexes can be shaved off the surface of circulating target cells without destruction of the target cell, ••
    • Kennedy AD, Beum PV, Solga M D, et al. Rituximab infusion promotes rapid complement depletion and acute CD20 loss in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. J Immunol 2004;172(5):3280-8 •• A demonstration that antigen/antibody/ complement complexes can be "shaved" off the surface of circulating target cells without destruction of the target cell.
    • (2004) J Immunol , vol.172 , Issue.5 , pp. 3280-3288
    • Kennedy, A.D.1    Beum, P.V.2    Solga, M.D.3
  • 80
    • 38949121647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NK-cell activation and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity induced by rituximab-coated target cells is inhibited by the C3b component of complement
    • A demonstration that complement fixation can antagonize ADCC by blocking interaction between IgG Fc and CD16 and limiting NK activation and ADCC, **
    • Wang SY, Racila E, Taylor RP, Weiner GJ. NK-cell activation and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity induced by rituximab-coated target cells is inhibited by the C3b component of complement. Blood 2008;111(3):1456-63 ** A demonstration that complement fixation can antagonize ADCC by blocking interaction between IgG Fc and CD16 and limiting NK activation and ADCC.
    • (2008) Blood , vol.111 , Issue.3 , pp. 1456-1463
    • Wang, S.Y.1    Racila, E.2    Taylor, R.P.3    Weiner, G.J.4
  • 81
    • 0028220404 scopus 로고
    • C3 binds with similar efficiency to Fab and Fc regions of IgG immune aggregates
    • Anton LC, Ruiz S, Barrio E, et al. C3 binds with similar efficiency to Fab and Fc regions of IgG immune aggregates. Eur J Immunol 1994;24(3):599-604
    • (1994) Eur J Immunol , vol.24 , Issue.3 , pp. 599-604
    • Anton, L.C.1    Ruiz, S.2    Barrio, E.3
  • 82
    • 0034691322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The 3.2-A crystal structure of the human IgG1 Fc fragment-FcγRIII complex
    • Sondermann P, Huber R, Oosthuizen V, Jacob U. The 3.2-A crystal structure of the human IgG1 Fc fragment-FcγRIII complex. Nature 2000;406(6793):267-73
    • (2000) Nature , vol.406 , Issue.6793 , pp. 267-273
    • Sondermann, P.1    Huber, R.2    Oosthuizen, V.3    Jacob, U.4
  • 83
    • 0022600388 scopus 로고
    • The neu oncogene encodes an epidermal growth factor receptor-related protein
    • Bargmann CI, Hung MC, Weinberg RA. The neu oncogene encodes an epidermal growth factor receptor-related protein. Nature 1986;319(6050):226-30
    • (1986) Nature , vol.319 , Issue.6050 , pp. 226-230
    • Bargmann, C.I.1    Hung, M.C.2    Weinberg, R.A.3
  • 84
    • 0022406444 scopus 로고
    • Amplification of a novel v-erbB-related gene in a human mammary carcinoma
    • King CR, Kraus MH, Aaronson SA. Amplification of a novel v-erbB-related gene in a human mammary carcinoma. Science 1985;229(4717):974-6
    • (1985) Science , vol.229 , Issue.4717 , pp. 974-976
    • King, C.R.1    Kraus, M.H.2    Aaronson, S.A.3
  • 85
    • 0021688634 scopus 로고
    • The neu oncogene: An erb-B-related gene encoding a 185,000-Mr tumour antigen
    • Schechter AL, Stern DF, Vaidyanathan L, et al. The neu oncogene: an erb-B-related gene encoding a 185,000-Mr tumour antigen. Nature 1984;312(5994):513-6
    • (1984) Nature , vol.312 , Issue.5994 , pp. 513-516
    • Schechter, A.L.1    Stern, D.F.2    Vaidyanathan, L.3
  • 86
    • 0029016147 scopus 로고
    • Expression of calcium-permeable cation channel CD20 accelerates progression through the G1 phase in Balb/c 3T3 cells
    • Kanzaki M, Shibata H, Mogami H, Kojima I. Expression of calcium-permeable cation channel CD20 accelerates progression through the G1 phase in Balb/c 3T3 cells. J Biol Chem 1995;270(22):13099-104
    • (1995) J Biol Chem , vol.270 , Issue.22 , pp. 13099-13104
    • Kanzaki, M.1    Shibata, H.2    Mogami, H.3    Kojima, I.4
  • 87
    • 0028108050 scopus 로고
    • CD20: A regulator of cell-cycle progression of B lymphocytes
    • Tedder TF, Engel P. CD20: a regulator of cell-cycle progression of B lymphocytes. Immunol Today 1994;15(9):450-4
    • (1994) Immunol Today , vol.15 , Issue.9 , pp. 450-454
    • Tedder, T.F.1    Engel, P.2
  • 88
    • 0028912598 scopus 로고
    • Suppression and promotion of tumor growth by monoclonal antibodies to ErbB-2 differentially correlate with cellular uptake
    • Hurwitz E, Stancovski I, Sela M, Yarden Y. Suppression and promotion of tumor growth by monoclonal antibodies to ErbB-2 differentially correlate with cellular uptake. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995;92(8):3353-7
    • (1995) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.92 , Issue.8 , pp. 3353-3357
    • Hurwitz, E.1    Stancovski, I.2    Sela, M.3    Yarden, Y.4
  • 89
    • 0036408912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CD20-mediated apoptosis: Signalling through lipid rafts
    • Deans JP, Li H, Polyak MJ. CD20-mediated apoptosis: signalling through lipid rafts. Immunology 2002;107(2):176-82
    • (2002) Immunology , vol.107 , Issue.2 , pp. 176-182
    • Deans, J.P.1    Li, H.2    Polyak, M.J.3
  • 90
    • 0030856731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Humanization of an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor monoclonal antibody for the therapy of solid tumors and other disorders
    • Presta LG, Chen H, O'Connor SJ, et al. Humanization of an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor monoclonal antibody for the therapy of solid tumors and other disorders. Cancer Res 1997;57(20):4593-9
    • (1997) Cancer Res , vol.57 , Issue.20 , pp. 4593-4599
    • Presta, L.G.1    Chen, H.2    O'Connor, S.J.3
  • 91
    • 0020594532 scopus 로고
    • The functional significance, distribution, and structure of LFA-1, LFA-2, and LFA-3: Cell surface antigens associated with CTL-target interactions
    • Krensky AM, Sanchez-Madrid F, Robbins E, et al. The functional significance, distribution, and structure of LFA-1, LFA-2, and LFA-3: cell surface antigens associated with CTL-target interactions. J Immunol 1983;131(2):611-6
    • (1983) J Immunol , vol.131 , Issue.2 , pp. 611-616
    • Krensky, A.M.1    Sanchez-Madrid, F.2    Robbins, E.3
  • 92
    • 0020622843 scopus 로고
    • A human lymphocyte-associated antigen involved in cell-mediated lympholysis
    • Hildreth JE, Gotch FM, Hildreth PD, McMichael AJ. A human lymphocyte-associated antigen involved in cell-mediated lympholysis. Eur J Immunol 1983;13(3):202-8
    • (1983) Eur J Immunol , vol.13 , Issue.3 , pp. 202-208
    • Hildreth, J.E.1    Gotch, F.M.2    Hildreth, P.D.3    McMichael, A.J.4
  • 93
    • 0021255399 scopus 로고
    • Both Fc receptors and lymphocyte-function-associated antigen 1 on human T γ lymphocytes are required for antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (killer cell activity)
    • Miedema F, Tetteroo PA, Hesselink WG, et al. Both Fc receptors and lymphocyte-function-associated antigen 1 on human T γ lymphocytes are required for antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (killer cell activity). Eur J Immunol 1984;14(6):518-23
    • (1984) Eur J Immunol , vol.14 , Issue.6 , pp. 518-523
    • Miedema, F.1    Tetteroo, P.A.2    Hesselink, W.G.3
  • 94
    • 0023792164 scopus 로고
    • Functional and biochemical analysis of CD16 antigen on natural killer cells and granulocytes
    • Lanier LL, Ruitenberg JJ, Phillips JH. Functional and biochemical analysis of CD16 antigen on natural killer cells and granulocytes. J Immunol 1988;141(10):3478-85
    • (1988) J Immunol , vol.141 , Issue.10 , pp. 3478-3485
    • Lanier, L.L.1    Ruitenberg, J.J.2    Phillips, J.H.3
  • 95
    • 33748778482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epratuzumab, a CD22-targeting recombinant humanized antibody with a different mode of action from rituximab
    • Carnahan J, Stein R, Qu Z, et al. Epratuzumab, a CD22-targeting recombinant humanized antibody with a different mode of action from rituximab. Mol Immunol 2007;44(6):1331-41
    • (2007) Mol Immunol , vol.44 , Issue.6 , pp. 1331-1341
    • Carnahan, J.1    Stein, R.2    Qu, Z.3
  • 96
    • 27244450833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel immune-based treatment strategies for chronic lymphocytic leukemia
    • Wierda WG, Kipps TJ, Keating MJ. Novel immune-based treatment strategies for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. J Clin Oncol 2005;23(26):6325-32
    • (2005) J Clin Oncol , vol.23 , Issue.26 , pp. 6325-6332
    • Wierda, W.G.1    Kipps, T.J.2    Keating, M.J.3
  • 97
    • 24744438473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of multiple biomarkers shows that lymphoma-associated macrophage (LAM) content is an independent predictor of survival in follicular lymphoma (FL)
    • Farinha P, Masoudi H, Skinnider BF, et al. Analysis of multiple biomarkers shows that lymphoma-associated macrophage (LAM) content is an independent predictor of survival in follicular lymphoma (FL). Blood 2005;106(6):2169-74
    • (2005) Blood , vol.106 , Issue.6 , pp. 2169-2174
    • Farinha, P.1    Masoudi, H.2    Skinnider, B.F.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.