Surface-plasmon-enhanced light emitters based on InGaN quantum wells

Nature Materials

Volumn 3, Issue 9, 2004, Pages 601-605

  Okamoto, Koichi ^a   Niki, Isamu ^a,b   Shvartser, Alexander ^a   Narukawa, Yukio ^b   Mukai, Takashi ^b   Scherer, Axel ^a  

^a California Institute of Technology   (United States)

^b NICHIA CORPORATION   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

LIGHT EMITTING DIODES; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; PUMPING (LASER); QUANTUM EFFICIENCY; SAPPHIRE; SCATTERING; SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIALS; SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM WELLS; SILVER; SUBSTRATES;

PHOTOEXCITATIONS; RECOMBINATION RATES; SURFACE PLASMONS (SP); TOPOGRAPHIC IMAGES;

SEMICONDUCTING INDIUM COMPOUNDS;

GALLIUM; IN(0.3)GA(0.7)N; INDIUM;

ARTICLE; CHEMISTRY; CRYSTALLIZATION; ENERGY TRANSFER; EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT DESIGN; EVALUATION; ILLUMINATION; INSTRUMENTATION; LIGHT; MATERIALS TESTING; METHODOLOGY; NANOTECHNOLOGY; OPTICS; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; QUANTUM THEORY; SEMICONDUCTOR; SURFACE PLASMON RESONANCE; SURFACE PROPERTY; TEMPERATURE;

CRYSTALLIZATION; ENERGY TRANSFER; EQUIPMENT DESIGN; EQUIPMENT FAILURE ANALYSIS; GALLIUM; INDIUM; LIGHT; LIGHTING; MATERIALS TESTING; NANOTECHNOLOGY; OPTICS; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; QUANTUM THEORY; SEMICONDUCTORS; SURFACE PLASMON RESONANCE; SURFACE PROPERTIES; TEMPERATURE;

EID: 4444260457     PISSN: 14761122     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nmat1198     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Nakamura, S., Mukai, T. & Senoh, M. Candela-class high-brightness InGaN/AlGaN double-heterostructure blue-light-emitting diodes. Appl. Phys. Lett. 64, 1687-1689 (1994).
2. Nakamura, S. & Fasol, G. The Blue Laser Diode: GaN-Based Light Emitting Diode and Lasers (Springer, Berlin, 1997).
3. Köck, A., Gornik, E., Hauser, M. & Beinrtingl, W. Strongly directional emission from AlGaAa/GaAs light-emitting diode. Appl. Phys. Lett. 37, 2327-2329 (1990).
4. Hecker, N. E., Hopfel R. A. & Sawaki, N. Enhanced light emission from a single quantum well located near a metal coated surface. Physica E2, 98-101 (1998).
5. Hecker, N. E., Hopfel, R. A., Sawaki, N., Maier, T. & Strasser G. Surface plasmon-enhanced photoluminescence from a single quantum well. Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 1577-1579 (1999).
6. Barnes, W. L. Electromagnetic crystals for surface plasmon polaritons and the extraction of light from emissive devices. J. Light. Tech. 17, 2170-2182 (1999).
7. Gianordoli, S. et al. Optimization of the emission characteristics of light emitting diodes by surface plasmons and surface waveguide modes. Appl. Phys. Lett. 77, 2295-2297 (2000).
8. Vuckovic, J., Loncar, M. & Scherer, A. Surface plasmon enhanced light-emitting diode. IEEE J. Quant. Elec 36, 1131-1144 (2000).
9. Hobson, P. A., Wedge, S., Wasey, J. A. E., Sage, I. & Barnes, W. L. Surface plasmon mediated emission from organic light emitting diodes. Adv. Muter. 14, 1393-1396 (2002).
10. Gontijo, I. et al. Coupling of InGaN quantum-well photoluminescence to silver surface plasmons. Phys. Rev. B 60, 11564-11567 (1999).
11. Neogi, A. et al. Enhancement of spontaneous recombination rate in a quantum well by resonant surface plasmon coupling. Phys. Rev. B 66, 153305 (2002).
12. Ebbesen, T. W., Lezec, H. J., Ghasemi, H. F., Thio, T. & Wolff, P. A. Extraordinary optical transmission through sub-wavelength hole arrays, Nature 391, 667-669 (1998).
13. Schroter, U. & Heitmann, D. Surface-plasmon-enhanced transmission through metallic gratings. Phys. Rev. B 58, 15419-15421 (1998).
14. Kitson, S. C., Barnes, W. L. & Sambles, J. R. A full photonic band gap for surface modes in the visible. Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 2670-2673 (1996).
15. Bsrnes, W. T., Preist, T. W., Kitson, S. C. & Sambles, J. R. Physical origin of photonic energy gap in the propagation of surface plasmon on grating. Phys. Rev. B 54, 6227-6244 (1996).
16. Ford, G. W. & Weber, W. H. Electromagnetic-interactions of molecules with metal-surfaces. Phys. Rep. 113, 195-287 (1984).
17. Fleischmann, M., Hendra, P. J. & McQuillan, A. J. Raman spectra of pyridine adsorbed at a silver electrode. Chan. Phys. Lett. 26, 163-166 (1974).
18. Gircĺa-Vidal, J. F. & Pendry, I. B. Collective theory for surface enhanced Raman scattering. Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 1163-1166 (1996).
19. Liebsch, A. Surface plasmon dispersion of Ag. Phys. Lev. Lett. 71, 145-148 (1993).
20. Kawashima, T., Yoahikawa, H., Adach, S., Fuke, S. & Ohtsuk, K. Optical properties of hexagonal GaN. J. Appl. Phys., 82, 3528-3535 (1997).
21. Falik, E. D. Handbook of Optical Constants of Solids (Academic, San Diego, 1985).
22. Bagchi, A., Duke, C. B., Feibelman, P. J. & Porteus, J. O. Measurement of surface-plasmon dispersion in aluminum by inelastic low-energy electron diffraction. Phys. Rev. Lett. 27, 998-1001 (1971).
23. Kawakami, Y. et al. Radiative and nonradiative recombination processes in GaN-based semiconductors. Phys. Status Solidi A 183, 41-50 (2001).
24. Narukawa, Y. et al. Phosphor-conversion white light emitting diode using InGaN near-ultraviolet chip. Jpn J. Appl. Phys. 37, L371-L373 (2003).
25. Purcell, E. M. Spontaneous emission probabilities at radio frequencies. Phys. Rev. 69, 661-681 (1946).