Surface plasmon enhanced light-emitting diode

IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics

Volumn 36, Issue 10, 2000, Pages 1131-1144

  Vučković, Jelena ^a   Lončar, Marko ^a   Scherer, Axel ^a  

^a California Institute of Technology ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FINITE DIFFERENCE METHOD; LIGHT EMISSION; LITHOGRAPHY; OPTICAL PUMPING; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; PHOTONS; SEMICONDUCTING FILMS; SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE MANUFACTURE; SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE STRUCTURES; SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE TESTING; SILICON WAFERS; TIME DOMAIN ANALYSIS;

PURCELL FACTORS; SEMICONDUCTOR EMITTER LAYER; SEMITRANSPARENT METAL LAYER; SURFACE PLASMONS;

LIGHT EMITTING DIODES;

EID: 0040718014     PISSN: 00189197     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/3.880653     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. I. Schnitzer, E. Yablonovitch, C. Caneau, T. J. Gmitter, and A. Scherer, "30% external quantum efficiency from surface textured, thin film light-emitting diodes," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 63, no. 16, pp. 2174-2176, Oct. 1993.
2. E. F. Schubert, N. E. J. Hunt, M. Micovic, R. J. Malik, D. L. Sivco, A. Y. Cho, and G. J. Zydzik, "Highly efficient light-emitting diodes with microcavities," Science, vol. 265, pp. 943-945, Aug. 1994.
3. T. Baba, R. Watanabe, K. Asano, F. Koyama, and K. Iga, "Theoretical and experimental estimations of photon recycling effect in light emitting devices with a metal mirror," Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., vol. 35, pp. 97-100, Jan. 1996.
4. A. Kock, E. Gornik, M. Hauser, and W. Beinstingl, "Strongly directional emission from AlGaAs/GaAs light-emitting diodes," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 57, no. 22, pp. 2327-2329, 1990.
5. R. Windisch, P. Heremans, A. Knobloch, P. Kiesel, G. H. Dohler, B. Dutta, and G. Borghs, "Light-emitting diodes with 31% external quantum efficiency by outcoupling of lateral waveguide modes," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 74, no. 16, pp. 2256-2258, Apr. 1999.
6. E. M. Purcell, "Spontaneous emission probabilities at radio frequencies," Phys. Rev., vol. 69, pp. 681-681, 1946.
7. J. Gerard, B. Sermage, B. Gayral, B. Legrand, E. Costard, and V. Tierry-Mieg, "Enhanced spontaneous emission by quantum boxes in a monolitic optical microcavity," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 91, no. 5, pp. 1110-1113, 1998.
8. I. Gontijo, M. Boroditsky, E. Yablonovitch, S. Keller, U. K. Mishra, and S. P. DenBaars, "Coupling of InGaN quantum-well photoluminescence to silver surface plasmons," Phys. Rev. B, vol. 60, no. 16, pp. 11564-11567, Oct. 1999.
9. M. Boroditsky, R. Vrijen, T. F. Krauss, R. Coccioli, R. Bhat, and E. Yablonovitch, "Spontaneous emission extraction and purcell enhancement from thin-film 2-D photonic crystals," J. Lightwave Technol., vol. 17, pp. 2096-2112, Nov. 1999.
10. W. L. Barnes, "Electromagnetic crystals for surface plasmon polaritons and the extraction of light from emissive devices," J. Lightwave Technol., vol. 17, pp. 2170-2182, Nov. 1999.
11. L. A. Coldren and S. W. Corzine, Diode Lasers and Photonic Integrated Circuits. New York: Wiley, 1995.
12. E. Yablonovitch, D. M. Hwang, T. J. Gmitter, L. T. Florez, and J. P. Harbison, "Van der Waals bonding of GaAs epitaxial liftoff films onto arbitrary substrates," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 56, no. 24, pp. 2419-2421, June 1990.
13. S. A. Cummer, "An analysis of new and existing FDTD methods for isotropic cold plasma and a method for improving their accuracy," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. 45, pp. 392-400, Mar. 1997.
14. J. B. Judkins and R. W. Ziolkowski, "Finite-difference time-domain modeling of nonperfectly conducting metallic thin-film gratings," J. Opt. Soc. Amer. B, vol. 12, no. 9, pp. 1974-1983, 1995.
15. K. S. Yee, "Numerical solution to initial boundary value problems involving Maxwell's equations in isotropic media," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. AP-14, pp. 302-307, May 1966.
16. A. Taflove, Computational Electrodynamics - The Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method. Norwood, MA: Artech House, 1995.
17. O. Painter, J. Vučković, and A. Scherer, "Defect modes of a two-dimensional photonic crystal in an optically thin dielectric slab," J. Opt. Soc. Amer. B, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 275-285, Feb. 1999.
18. G. Mur, "Absorbing boundary conditions for the finite-difference approximation of the time-domain electromagnetic-field equations," IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat., vol. EMC-23, pp. 377-382, Nov. 1981.
19. S. C. Kitson, W. L. Barnes, and J. R. Sambles, "Photonic band gaps in metallic microcavities," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 84, no. 5, pp. 2399-2403, 1998.
20. J. A. E. Wasey and W. L. Barnes, "Efficiency of spontaneous emission from planar microcavities," J. Mod. Opt., vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 725-741, 2000.
21. M. S. Tomaš and Z. Lenac, "Damping of a dipole in planar microcavities," Opt. Commun., vol. 100, no. 1-4, pp. 259-267, 1993.
22. Y. Xu, J. S. Vučković, R. K. Lee, O. J. Painter, A. Scherer, and A. Yariv, "Finite-difference time-domain calculation of spontaneous emission lifetime in a microcavity," J. Opt. Soc. Amer. B, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 465-474, 1999.
23. A. Tredicucci, C. Gmachl, F. Capasso, and A. L. Hutchinson, "Single-mode surface-plasmon laser," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 76, no. 16, pp. 2164-2166, 2000.