메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 8, Issue 10, 2008, Pages 2741-2757

Cloud system resolving model study of the roles of deep convection for photo-chemistry in the TOGA COARE/CEPEX region

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; ATMOSPHERIC CONVECTION; ATMOSPHERIC MODELING; ATMOSPHERIC TRANSPORT; CLOUD COVER; NITROGEN OXIDES; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; TOGA-COARE; TRACE GAS; WEATHER FORECASTING;

EID: 44349138710     PISSN: 16807316     EISSN: 16807324     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5194/acp-8-2741-2008     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (8)

References (70)
  • 1
    • 0001241791 scopus 로고
    • Interaction of a cumulus cloud ensemble with the large-scale environment, Part I
    • Arakawa, A. and Schubert, W. H.: Interaction of a cumulus cloud ensemble with the large-scale environment, Part I, J. Atmos. Sci., 31, 674-701, 1974.
    • (1974) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.31 , pp. 674-701
    • Arakawa, A.1    Schubert, W.H.2
  • 2
    • 0029515352 scopus 로고
    • A computational study of the relationships linking lightning frequency and other parameters
    • Baker, M. B., Christian, H. J., and Latham, J.: A computational study of the relationships linking lightning frequency and other parameters, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 121, 1525-1548, 1995.
    • (1995) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc , vol.121 , pp. 1525-1548
    • Baker, M.B.1    Christian, H.J.2    Latham, J.3
  • 4
    • 0041387508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corrected TOGA COARE sounding humidity data: Impact on diagnosed properties of convection and climate over the warm pool
    • Ciesielski, P. E., Johnson, R. H., Haertel, P. T., and Wang, J.: Corrected TOGA COARE sounding humidity data: Impact on diagnosed properties of convection and climate over the warm pool, J. Climate, 16, 2370-2384, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Climate , vol.16 , pp. 2370-2384
    • Ciesielski, P.E.1    Johnson, R.H.2    Haertel, P.T.3    Wang, J.4
  • 5
    • 0031407352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energy dissipation in lightning flashes
    • Cooray, V.: Energy dissipation in lightning flashes, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 21401-21410, 1997.
    • (1997) J. Geophys. Res , vol.102 , pp. 21401-21410
    • Cooray, V.1
  • 6
    • 20044376542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mean radiative energy balance and vertical mass fluxes in the equatorial upper troposphere and lower stratosphere
    • doi:10.1029/2004GL021889
    • Corti, T., Luo, B. P., Peter, T., Vörnel, H., and Pu, Q.: Mean radiative energy balance and vertical mass fluxes in the equatorial upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L06802, doi:10.1029/2004GL021889, 2005.
    • (2005) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.32
    • Corti, T.1    Luo, B.P.2    Peter, T.3    Vörnel, H.4    Pu, Q.5
  • 11
    • 24944570878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • x and its impact on tropospheric ozone production: A three-dimensional modeling study of a Stratosphere-Troposphere Experiment: Radiation, Aerosols and Ozone (STERAO-A) thunderstorm
    • doi:10.1029/2004JD005556
    • x and its impact on tropospheric ozone production: A three-dimensional modeling study of a Stratosphere-Troposphere Experiment: Radiation, Aerosols and Ozone (STERAO-A) thunderstorm, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D14303, doi:10.1029/2004JD005556, 2005.
    • (2005) J. Geophys. Res , vol.110
    • DeCaria, A.J.1    Pickering, K.E.2    Stenchikov, G.L.3    Ott, L.E.4
  • 13
    • 0027789432 scopus 로고
    • A cumulus parameterization including mass fluxes, vertical, momentum dynamics, and mesoscale effects
    • Donner, L. J.: A cumulus parameterization including mass fluxes, vertical, momentum dynamics, and mesoscale effects, J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 889-906, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.50 , pp. 889-906
    • Donner, L.J.1
  • 14
    • 0033785055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dye, J. E., Ridley, B. A., Skamarock, W., Barth, M., Venticinque, M., Defer, E., Blanchet, P., Thery, C., Laroche, P., Baumann, K., Hubler, G., Parrish, D. D., Ryerson, T., Trainer, M., Frost, G., Holloway, J. S., Matejka, T., Bartels, D., Pehsenfeld, F. C., Tuck, A., Rutledge, S. A., Lang, T., Stith, J., and Zerr, R.: An overview of the Stratospheric-Tropospheric Experiment: Radiation, Aerosols, and Ozone (STERAO)-deep convection experiment with results for the July 10, 1996 storm, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 10023-10045, 2000.
    • Dye, J. E., Ridley, B. A., Skamarock, W., Barth, M., Venticinque, M., Defer, E., Blanchet, P., Thery, C., Laroche, P., Baumann, K., Hubler, G., Parrish, D. D., Ryerson, T., Trainer, M., Frost, G., Holloway, J. S., Matejka, T., Bartels, D., Pehsenfeld, F. C., Tuck, A., Rutledge, S. A., Lang, T., Stith, J., and Zerr, R.: An overview of the Stratospheric-Tropospheric Experiment: Radiation, Aerosols, and Ozone (STERAO)-deep convection experiment with results for the July 10, 1996 storm, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 10023-10045, 2000.
  • 16
    • 0024837241 scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen oxides produced from lightning
    • Franzblau, E. and Popp, C. J.: Nitrogen oxides produced from lightning, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 11089-11104, 1989.
    • (1989) J. Geophys. Res , vol.94 , pp. 11089-11104
    • Franzblau, E.1    Popp, C.J.2
  • 18
    • 0029509712 scopus 로고
    • Dry deposition parameterization in a chemistry general circulation model and its influence on the distribution of reactive trace gases
    • Ganzeveld, L. and Lelieveld, J.: Dry deposition parameterization in a chemistry general circulation model and its influence on the distribution of reactive trace gases, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 20999-21012, 1995.
    • (1995) J. Geophys. Res , vol.100 , pp. 20999-21012
    • Ganzeveld, L.1    Lelieveld, J.2
  • 19
    • 0020969271 scopus 로고
    • Cumulus cloud transport of transient tracers
    • Gidel, L. T.: Cumulus cloud transport of transient tracers, J. Geophys. Res., 88, 6587-6599, 1983.
    • (1983) J. Geophys. Res , vol.88 , pp. 6587-6599
    • Gidel, L.T.1
  • 20
    • 0000175628 scopus 로고
    • Observations of moist adiabatic ascent in northeast Colorado cumulus congestus clouds
    • Heymsfield, A. J., Johnson, P. N., and Dye, J. E.: Observations of moist adiabatic ascent in northeast Colorado cumulus congestus clouds, J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 1689-1703, 1978.
    • (1978) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.35 , pp. 1689-1703
    • Heymsfield, A.J.1    Johnson, P.N.2    Dye, J.E.3
  • 21
    • 0029513229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Holton, J. R., Haynes, P. H., McIntyre, M. E., Douglass, A. R., Rood, R. B., and Pfister, L.: Stratosphere-troposphere exchange, Rev. Geoph., 33, 403-439, 1995.
    • Holton, J. R., Haynes, P. H., McIntyre, M. E., Douglass, A. R., Rood, R. B., and Pfister, L.: Stratosphere-troposphere exchange, Rev. Geoph., 33, 403-439, 1995.
  • 22
    • 0033589855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • x in electrified thunderstorms: Survey of previous studies and new observations at midlatitudes
    • x in electrified thunderstorms: Survey of previous studies and new observations at midlatitudes, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 28247-28264, 1998.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res , vol.103 , pp. 28247-28264
    • Huntrieser, H.1    Schlager, H.2    Feigl, C.3    Höller, H.4
  • 24
    • 0029664214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observations of near-zero ozone concentrations over the convective Pacific: Effects on air chemistry
    • Kley, D., Crutzen, P. J., Smith, H. G. J., Vömel, H., Oltmans, S. J., Grassl, H., and Ramanathan, V.: Observations of near-zero ozone concentrations over the convective Pacific: Effects on air chemistry, Science, 274, 230-233, 1996.
    • (1996) Science , vol.274 , pp. 230-233
    • Kley, D.1    Crutzen, P.J.2    Smith, H.G.J.3    Vömel, H.4    Oltmans, S.J.5    Grassl, H.6    Ramanathan, V.7
  • 27
    • 0031806673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An efficient method for online calculations of photolysis and heating rates
    • Landgraf, J. and Crutzen, P. J.: An efficient method for online calculations of photolysis and heating rates, J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 863-878, 1998.
    • (1998) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.55 , pp. 863-878
    • Landgraf, J.1    Crutzen, P.J.2
  • 28
    • 26244438182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tracer transport in deep convective updrafts: Plume ensemble versus bulk formulations
    • Lawrence, M. G. and Rasch, P. J.: Tracer transport in deep convective updrafts: Plume ensemble versus bulk formulations, J. Atmos. Sci., 62, 2880-2894, 2005.
    • (2005) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.62 , pp. 2880-2894
    • Lawrence, M.G.1    Rasch, P.J.2
  • 29
    • 0033403331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of the CEPEX ozone data using a 3D chemistry-meteorology model
    • Lawrence, M. G., Crutzen, P. J., and Rasch, P. J.: Analysis of the CEPEX ozone data using a 3D chemistry-meteorology model, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 125, 2987-3009, 1999a.
    • (1999) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc , vol.125 , pp. 2987-3009
    • Lawrence, M.G.1    Crutzen, P.J.2    Rasch, P.J.3
  • 30
    • 0033589451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A model for studies of tropospheric photochemistry: Description, global distributions, and evaluation
    • Lawrence, M. G., Crutzen, P. J., Rasch, P. J., Eaton, B. E., and Mahowald, N. M.: A model for studies of tropospheric photochemistry: Description, global distributions, and evaluation, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 26245-26277, 1999b.
    • (1999) J. Geophys. Res , vol.104 , pp. 26245-26277
    • Lawrence, M.G.1    Crutzen, P.J.2    Rasch, P.J.3    Eaton, B.E.4    Mahowald, N.M.5
  • 31
    • 0346911877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The balance of effects of deep convective mixing on tropospheric ozone
    • doi:10.1029/2003GL017644
    • Lawrence, M. G., von Kuhlmann, R., Salzmann, M., and Rasch, P. J.: The balance of effects of deep convective mixing on tropospheric ozone, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30, 1940, doi:10.1029/2003GL017644, 2003.
    • (2003) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.30 , pp. 1940
    • Lawrence, M.G.1    von Kuhlmann, R.2    Salzmann, M.3    Rasch, P.J.4
  • 32
    • 0028450138 scopus 로고
    • Role of deep cloud convection in the ozone budget of the troposphere
    • Lelieveld, J. and Crutzen, P. J.: Role of deep cloud convection in the ozone budget of the troposphere, Science, 264, 1759-1761, 1994.
    • (1994) Science , vol.264 , pp. 1759-1761
    • Lelieveld, J.1    Crutzen, P.J.2
  • 33
    • 0028571920 scopus 로고
    • Observations of the 40-50 day tropical oscillation - A review
    • Madden, R. A. and Julian, P. R.: Observations of the 40-50 day tropical oscillation - A review, Mon. Weather Rev., 122, 814-837, 1994.
    • (1994) Mon. Weather Rev , vol.122 , pp. 814-837
    • Madden, R.A.1    Julian, P.R.2
  • 34
    • 17144461527 scopus 로고
    • Cumulus parameterizations in chemical transport models
    • Mahowald, N. M., Rasch, P. J., and Prinn, R. G.: Cumulus parameterizations in chemical transport models, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 26 173-26 189, 1995.
    • (1995) J. Geophys. Res , vol.100
    • Mahowald, N.M.1    Rasch, P.J.2    Prinn, R.G.3
  • 35
    • 0001299397 scopus 로고
    • The flow during TOGA COARE as diagnosed by the BMRC tropical analysis and prediction system
    • McBride, J. L., , Puri, K., Davidson, N. E., and Tyrell, G. C.: The flow during TOGA COARE as diagnosed by the BMRC tropical analysis and prediction system, Mon. Weather Rev., 123, 717-736, 1995.
    • (1995) Mon. Weather Rev , vol.123 , pp. 717-736
    • McBride, J.L.1    Puri, K.2    Davidson, N.E.3    Tyrell, G.C.4
  • 39
    • 0001130785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cloud-toground lightning observations from TOGA COARE: Selected results and lightning location algorithms
    • Petersen, W. A., Rutledge, S. A., and Orville, R. E.: Cloud-toground lightning observations from TOGA COARE: Selected results and lightning location algorithms, Mon. Weather Rev., 124, 602-620, 1996.
    • (1996) Mon. Weather Rev , vol.124 , pp. 602-620
    • Petersen, W.A.1    Rutledge, S.A.2    Orville, R.E.3
  • 40
    • 38349147886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cloud microphysics, radiation and vertical velocities in two- and three-dimensional simulations of deep convection
    • Phillips, V. T. J. and Donner, L. J.: Cloud microphysics, radiation and vertical velocities in two- and three-dimensional simulations of deep convection, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 132, 3011-3033, 2006.
    • (2006) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc , vol.132 , pp. 3011-3033
    • Phillips, V.T.J.1    Donner, L.J.2
  • 42
    • 0027388112 scopus 로고
    • Upper tropospheric ozone production following mesoscale convection during STEP/EMEX
    • Pickering, K. E., Thompson, A. M., Tao, W.-K., and Kucsera, T. L.: Upper tropospheric ozone production following mesoscale convection during STEP/EMEX, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 8737-8749, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Geophys. Res , vol.98 , pp. 8737-8749
    • Pickering, K.E.1    Thompson, A.M.2    Tao, W.-K.3    Kucsera, T.L.4
  • 46
    • 0030471785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stratospheretroposphere exchange in a midlatitude mesoscale convective complex
    • Poulida, O., Dickerson, R. R., and Heymsfield, A.: Stratospheretroposphere exchange in a midlatitude mesoscale convective complex, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 6823-6836, 1996.
    • (1996) J. Geophys. Res , vol.101 , pp. 6823-6836
    • Poulida, O.1    Dickerson, R.R.2    Heymsfield, A.3
  • 47
    • 0027101680 scopus 로고
    • A simple lightning parameterization for calculating global lightning distributions
    • Price, C. and Rind, D.: A simple lightning parameterization for calculating global lightning distributions, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 9919-9933, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Geophys. Res , vol.97 , pp. 9919-9933
    • Price, C.1    Rind, D.2
  • 48
    • 0027510851 scopus 로고
    • What determines the cloud-to-ground lightning fraction in thunderstorms'?
    • Price, C. and Rind, D.: What determines the cloud-to-ground lightning fraction in thunderstorms'?, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 463-466, 1993.
    • (1993) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.20 , pp. 463-466
    • Price, C.1    Rind, D.2
  • 49
    • 0031455432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • x from lightning: 1. Global distribution based on lightning physics
    • x from lightning: 1. Global distribution based on lightning physics, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 5929-5941, 1997.
    • (1997) J. Geophys. Res , vol.102 , pp. 5929-5941
    • Price, C.1    Penner, J.2    Prather, M.3
  • 51
    • 0001014005 scopus 로고
    • Lightning location relative to storm structure in a supercell and a multicell storm
    • Ray, P. S., MacGorman, D. R., Rust, W. D., Taylor W. L., and Walters Rasmussen, L.: Lightning location relative to storm structure in a supercell and a multicell storm, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 5713-5724, 1987.
    • (1987) J. Geophys. Res , vol.92 , pp. 5713-5724
    • Ray, P.S.1    MacGorman, D.R.2    Rust, W.D.3    Taylor, W.L.4    Walters Rasmussen, L.5
  • 54
    • 7244236516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modelling tracer transport by a cumulus ensemble: Lateral boundary conditions and large-scale ascent
    • Salzmann, M., Lawrence, M. G., Phillips, V. T. J., and Donner, L. J.: Modelling tracer transport by a cumulus ensemble: Lateral boundary conditions and large-scale ascent, Atmos. Chem. Phys.,4, 1797-1811, 2004, http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/4/1797/2004/.
    • (2004) Atmos. Chem. Phys , vol.4 , pp. 1797-1811
    • Salzmann, M.1    Lawrence, M.G.2    Phillips, V.T.J.3    Donner, L.J.4
  • 55
    • 34247475716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Model sensitivity studies regarding the role of the retention coefficient for the scavenging and redistribution of highly soluble trace gases by deep convective cloud systems
    • Salzmann, M., Lawrence, M. G., Phillips, V T. J., and Donner, L. J.: Model sensitivity studies regarding the role of the retention coefficient for the scavenging and redistribution of highly soluble trace gases by deep convective cloud systems., Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 2027-2045, 2007.
    • (2007) Atmos. Chem. Phys , vol.7 , pp. 2027-2045
    • Salzmann, M.1    Lawrence, M.G.2    Phillips, V.T.J.3    Donner, L.J.4
  • 56
    • 0001468960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Model study indicating halogen activation and ozone destruction in polluted air masses transported to the sea
    • Sander, R. and Crutzen, P. J.: Model study indicating halogen activation and ozone destruction in polluted air masses transported to the sea, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 9121-9138, 1996.
    • (1996) J. Geophys. Res , vol.101 , pp. 9121-9138
    • Sander, R.1    Crutzen, P.J.2
  • 58
    • 34547503251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The global lightning-induced nitrogen oxides source
    • Schumann, U. and Huntrieser, H.: The global lightning-induced nitrogen oxides source, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 3823-3907, 2007, http://www.atmos-chem- phys.net/7/3823/2007/.
    • (2007) Atmos. Chem. Phys , vol.7 , pp. 3823-3907
    • Schumann, U.1    Huntrieser, H.2
  • 59
    • 85036952070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skamarock, W. C., Klemp, J. B., and Dudhia, J.: Prototypes for the WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting) model, in: Preprints, Ninth Conf. Mesoscale Processes, pp. J11-J15, Amer. Meteor. Soc., Port Lauderdale, FL, 2001.
    • Skamarock, W. C., Klemp, J. B., and Dudhia, J.: Prototypes for the WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting) model, in: Preprints, Ninth Conf. Mesoscale Processes, pp. J11-J15, Amer. Meteor. Soc., Port Lauderdale, FL, 2001.
  • 62
    • 0141975276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of subgrid model mixing and numerical filtering in simulations of mesoscale cloud systems
    • Takemi, T. and Rotunno, R.: The effects of subgrid model mixing and numerical filtering in simulations of mesoscale cloud systems, Mon. Weather Rev., 131, 2085-2191, 2003.
    • (2003) Mon. Weather Rev , vol.131 , pp. 2085-2191
    • Takemi, T.1    Rotunno, R.2
  • 63
    • 18744425445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A model for studies of tropospheric ozone and nonmethane hydrocarbons: Model description and ozone results
    • doi: 10.1029/2002JD002893
    • von Kuhlmann, R., Lawrence, M. G., Crutzen, P. J., and Rasch, P. J.: A model for studies of tropospheric ozone and nonmethane hydrocarbons: Model description and ozone results, J. Geophys. Res., 108, doi: 10.1029/2002JD002893, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Geophys. Res , vol.108
    • von Kuhlmann, R.1    Lawrence, M.G.2    Crutzen, P.J.3    Rasch, P.J.4
  • 64
    • 0033792225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minor flux adjustment near mixing ratio extremes for simplified yet highly accurate monotonic calculation of tracer advection
    • Walcek, C. J.: Minor flux adjustment near mixing ratio extremes for simplified yet highly accurate monotonic calculation of tracer advection, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 9335-9348, 2000.
    • (2000) J. Geophys. Res , vol.105 , pp. 9335-9348
    • Walcek, C.J.1
  • 65
    • 0027806346 scopus 로고
    • A three-dimensional numerical model of cloud dynamics, microphysics, and chemistry: 3. Redistribution of pollutants
    • Wang, C. and Chang, J. S.: A three-dimensional numerical model of cloud dynamics, microphysics, and chemistry: 3. Redistribution of pollutants, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 16787-16798, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Geophys. Res , vol.98 , pp. 16787-16798
    • Wang, C.1    Chang, J.S.2
  • 66
    • 0033756338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the roles of deep convective clouds in tropospheric chemistry
    • Wang, C. and Prinn, R. G.: On the roles of deep convective clouds in tropospheric chemistry, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 22 269-22 297, 2000.
    • (2000) J. Geophys. Res , vol.105
    • Wang, C.1    Prinn, R.G.2
  • 67
    • 0029167618 scopus 로고
    • The role of a deep convective storm over the tropical Pacific Ocean in the redistribution of atmospheric chemical species
    • Wang, C., Crutzen, P. J., Ramanathan, V., and Williams, S. F.: The role of a deep convective storm over the tropical Pacific Ocean in the redistribution of atmospheric chemical species, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 11509-11516, 1995.
    • (1995) J. Geophys. Res , vol.100 , pp. 11509-11516
    • Wang, C.1    Crutzen, P.J.2    Ramanathan, V.3    Williams, S.F.4
  • 68
    • 0027098515 scopus 로고
    • TOGA COARE: The Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment
    • Webster, P. J. and Lukas, R.: TOGA COARE: The Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment, Bull. Am. Met. Soc., 73, 1377-1416, 1992.
    • (1992) Bull. Am. Met. Soc , vol.73 , pp. 1377-1416
    • Webster, P.J.1    Lukas, R.2
  • 69
    • 34249015990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modelling the global tropospheric ozone budget: Exploring the variability in curerent models
    • Wild, O.: Modelling the global tropospheric ozone budget: exploring the variability in curerent models, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 2643-2660, 2007, http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/7/2643/2007/.
    • (2007) Atmos. Chem. Phys , vol.7 , pp. 2643-2660
    • Wild, O.1
  • 70
    • 0034253372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Madden-Julian Oscillation observed during the TOGA COARE IOP: Global view
    • Yanai, M., Chen, B., and Tung, W.-W: The Madden-Julian Oscillation observed during the TOGA COARE IOP: Global view, J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 2374-2396, 2000.
    • (2000) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.57 , pp. 2374-2396
    • Yanai, M.1    Chen, B.2    Tung, W.-W.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.