Ubiquity of quasi-horizontal layers in the troposphere

Nature

Volumn 398, Issue 6725, 1999, Pages 316-319

  Newell, Reginald E ^a   Thouret, Valerie ^a,b   Cho, John Y N ^a   Stoller, Patrick ^a,d   Marenco, Alain ^b   Smit, Herman G ^c  

^a MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^b LABORATOIRE D AÉROLOGIE   (France)

^c FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH   (Germany)

^d LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARBON MONOXIDE; METHANE; OZONE;

ATMOSPHERIC DYNAMICS; LAMINATION; TROPOSPHERE;

AIR POLLUTION; AIRCRAFT; ALTITUDE; ARTICLE; ATMOSPHERE; BOUNDARY LAYER; GEOGRAPHY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SPACE FLIGHT; TROPOSPHERE; WATER VAPOR;

EID: 0033602374     PISSN: 00280836     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/18642     Document Type: Article

References (22)

1. Danielsen, E. F. The laminar structure of the atmosphere and its relation to the concept of a tropopause. Arch. Meteorol. Geophys. Bioklimatol. 11, 293-332 (1959).
2. Danielsen, E. F. Stratospheric-tropospheric exchange based on ozone and potential vorticity. J. Atmos. Sci. 25, 502-518 (1968).
3. Corby, G. A. A preliminary study of atmospheric waves using radiosonde data. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 83, 49-60 (1957).
4. Reid, S. J. An observational study of lee waves using radiosonde data. Tellus 24, 593-596 (1982).
5. Shutts, G. J., Kitchen, M. & Hoare, P. H. A large amplitude gravity wave in the lower stratosphere detected by radiosonde. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 114, 579-594 (1988).
6. Bethan, S., Vaughan, G. & Reid, S. J. A comparison of ozone and thermal tropopause heights and the impact of tropopause definition on quantifying the ozone content of the troposphere. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 122, 929-944 (1996).
7. Sawyer, I. S. Quasi-periodic wind variations with height in the lower stratosphere. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 87, 24-33 (1961).
8. Newell, R. E., Mahoney, J. R. & Lenhard, R., W. Jr A pilot study of small-scale wind variations in the stratosphere and mesosphere. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 92, 41-54 (1966).
9. Gage, K. S. & Balsley, B. B. MST radar studies of wind and turbulence in the middle atmosphere. J. Atmos. Terr. Phys. 46, 739-753 (1984).
10. Newell, R. E. et al. Vertical fine-scale atmospheric structure measured from NASA DC-8 during PEM-West A. J. Geophys. Res. 101, 1943-1960 (1996).
11. Wu, Z.-X. et al. Atmospheric layers measured from the NASA DC-8 during PEM-West B and comparison with PEM-West A. J. Geophys. Res. 102, 28353-28365 (1997).
12. Stoller, P. et al. Measurements of atmospheric layers from the NASA DC-8 and P-3B aircraft during PEM-Tropics A. J. Geophys. Res. (in the press).
13. Thouret, V., Marenco, A., Logan, J. A., Nédélec, P. & Grouhel, C. Comparisons of ozone measurements from the MOZAIC airborne program and the ozone sounding network at eight locations. J. Geophys. Res. 103, 25695-25720 (1998).
14. Marenco, A. et al. Measurement of ozone and water vapour by Airbus in-service aircraft: The MOZAIC airborne program, an overview. J. Geophys. Res. 103, 25631-25642 (1998).
15. Helten, M. et al. Calibration and performance of automatic compact instrumentation for the measurement of relative humidity from passenger aircraft. J. Geophys. Res. 103, 25643-25652 (1998).
16. Hoell, J. M. et al. Pacific exploratory mission-west A (PEM-West A): September-October 1991. J. Geophys. Res. 101, 1641-1653 (1996).
17. Hoell, J. M. et al. The Pacific exploratory mission-west phase B: February-March, 1994. J. Geophys. Res. 102, 28223-28239 (1997).
18. Hoell, J. M. et al. The Pacific exploratory mission in the tropical Pacific: PEM-Tropics A, August-September, 1996. J. Geophys. Res. (in the press).
19. Hoffman, R. N. A Computer Program which Calculates Radiative Fluxes and Heating Rates in Model Atmospheres (Sci. Rep. No. 4, Dept Meteorol. Phys. Oceanogr., MIT, Cambridge, MA, 1981).
20. x emissions by subsonic aircraft: A three dimensional model study. J. Geophys. Res. 101, 1423-1428 (1996).
21. Edouard, S., Legras, B., Lefevre, F. & Eymard, R. The effect of small-scale inhomogeneities on ozone depletion in the Arctic. Nature 384, 444-447 (1996).
22. Newell, R. E., Zhu, Y., Browell, E. V., Read, W. G. & Waters, J. W. Walker circulation and tropical upper tropospheric water vapor. J. Geophys. Res. 101, 1961-1974 (1996).