메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 22, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 151-164

Evaluating the QT-liability of a drug during its development

Author keywords

Adverse reaction monitoring; Arrhythmias; Research and development; Torsade de pointes

Indexed keywords

ARRHYTHMOGENESIS; CARDIOVASCULAR EFFECT; CLINICAL PRACTICE; CONCENTRATION RESPONSE; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG RESEARCH; ELECTROCARDIOGRAM; ENANTIOMER; HEART ARRHYTHMIA; HEART ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY; HEART REPOLARIZATION; IN VITRO STUDY; IN VIVO STUDY; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QT INTERVAL; REVIEW; RISK;

EID: 44349105190     PISSN: 11782595     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/BF03256697     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (11)

References (94)
  • 1
    • 0036039326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The significance of QT interval during drug development
    • Shah RR. The significance of QT interval during drug development. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2002; 54: 188-202
    • (2002) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.54 , pp. 188-202
    • Shah, R.R.1
  • 2
    • 0027471158 scopus 로고
    • Self-terminating ventricular tachyarrhythmias: A diagnostic dilemma?
    • Clayton RH, Murray A, Higham PD, et al. Self-terminating ventricular tachyarrhythmias: a diagnostic dilemma? Lancet 1993; 341: 93-5
    • (1993) Lancet , vol.341 , pp. 93-95
    • Clayton, R.H.1    Murray, A.2    Higham, P.D.3
  • 3
    • 0029064095 scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous sequences of onset of torsade de pointes in patients with acquired prolonged repolarization: Quantitative analysis of Holter recordings
    • Locati EH, Maison-Blanche P, Dejode P, et al. Spontaneous sequences of onset of torsade de pointes in patients with acquired prolonged repolarization: quantitative analysis of Holter recordings. J Am Coll Cardiol 1995; 25: 1564-75
    • (1995) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.25 , pp. 1564-1575
    • Locati, E.H.1    Maison-Blanche, P.2    Dejode, P.3
  • 4
    • 0027096723 scopus 로고
    • Value of Holter monitoring in patients with the long QT syndrome
    • Eggeling T, Osterhues HH, Hoeher M, et al. Value of Holter monitoring in patients with the long QT syndrome. Cardiology 1992; 81: 107-14
    • (1992) Cardiology , vol.81 , pp. 107-114
    • Eggeling, T.1    Osterhues, H.H.2    Hoeher, M.3
  • 5
    • 33749027737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can pharmacogenetics help rescue drugs withdrawn from the market?
    • Shah RR. Can pharmacogenetics help rescue drugs withdrawn from the market? Pharmacogenomics 2006; 7: 889-908
    • (2006) Pharmacogenomics , vol.7 , pp. 889-908
    • Shah, R.R.1
  • 6
    • 0034723046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacogenetics of cardiac K+ channels
    • Escande D. Pharmacogenetics of cardiac K+ channels. Eur J Pharmacol 2000; 410: 281-7
    • (2000) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.410 , pp. 281-287
    • Escande, D.1
  • 7
    • 0036258115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety of non-antiarrhythmic drugs that prolong the QT interval or induce torsade de pointes: An overview
    • de Ponti F, Poluzzi E, Cavalli A, et al. Safety of non-antiarrhythmic drugs that prolong the QT interval or induce torsade de pointes: an overview. Drug Saf 2002; 25: 263-86
    • (2002) Drug Saf , vol.25 , pp. 263-286
    • de Ponti, F.1    Poluzzi, E.2    Cavalli, A.3
  • 8
    • 38749139218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alfuzosin delays cardiac repolarization by a novel mechanism
    • Lacerda AE, Kuryshev YA, Chen Y, et al. Alfuzosin delays cardiac repolarization by a novel mechanism. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2008; 324: 427-33
    • (2008) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.324 , pp. 427-433
    • Lacerda, A.E.1    Kuryshev, Y.A.2    Chen, Y.3
  • 9
    • 0001127258 scopus 로고
    • An analysis of the time-relations of electrocardiograms
    • Bazett HC. An analysis of the time-relations of electrocardiograms. Heart 1920; 7: 353-70
    • (1920) Heart , vol.7 , pp. 353-370
    • Bazett, H.C.1
  • 10
    • 84980098899 scopus 로고
    • Die systolendauer in elektrokardiogram bei normalen menschen und bei herzkranken
    • Fridericia LS. Die systolendauer in elektrokardiogram bei normalen menschen und bei herzkranken. Acta Med Scand 1920; 53: 469-86
    • (1920) Acta Med Scand , vol.53 , pp. 469-486
    • Fridericia, L.S.1
  • 11
    • 0027218947 scopus 로고
    • Rate-corrected QT interval: Techniques and limita-tions
    • Funck-Brentano C, Jaillon P. Rate-corrected QT interval: techniques and limita-tions. Am J Cardiol 1993; 72: 17B-22B
    • (1993) Am J Cardiol , vol.72
    • Funck-Brentano, C.1    Jaillon, P.2
  • 12
    • 0035043773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Problems of heart rate correction in assessment of drug-induced QT interval prolongation
    • Malik M. Problems of heart rate correction in assessment of drug-induced QT interval prolongation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2001; 12: 411-20
    • (2001) J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol , vol.12 , pp. 411-420
    • Malik, M.1
  • 13
    • 0036181222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between QT and RR intervals is highly individual among healthy subjects: Implications for heart rate correction of the QT interval
    • Malik M, Farbom P, Batchvarov V, et al. The relationship between QT and RR intervals is highly individual among healthy subjects: implications for heart rate correction of the QT interval. Heart 2002; 87: 220-8
    • (2002) Heart , vol.87 , pp. 220-228
    • Malik, M.1    Farbom, P.2    Batchvarov, V.3
  • 14
    • 2942515951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differences between study-specific and subject-specific heart rate corrections of the QT interval in investigations of drug induced QTc prolongation
    • Malik M, Hnatkova K, Batchvarov V. Differences between study-specific and subject-specific heart rate corrections of the QT interval in investigations of drug induced QTc prolongation. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2004; 27: 791-800
    • (2004) Pacing Clin Electrophysiol , vol.27 , pp. 791-800
    • Malik, M.1    Hnatkova, K.2    Batchvarov, V.3
  • 15
    • 0038804165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variability of heart rate correction methods for the QT interval
    • Desai M, Li L, Desta Z, et al. Variability of heart rate correction methods for the QT interval. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2003; 55: 511-7
    • (2003) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.55 , pp. 511-517
    • Desai, M.1    Li, L.2    Desta, Z.3
  • 16
    • 0033574273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MiRP1 forms IKr potassium channels with HERG and is associated with cardiac arrhythmias
    • Abbott GW, Sesti F, Splawski I, et al. MiRP1 forms IKr potassium channels with HERG and is associated with cardiac arrhythmias. Cell 1999; 97: 175-87
    • (1999) Cell , vol.97 , pp. 175-187
    • Abbott, G.W.1    Sesti, F.2    Splawski, I.3
  • 17
    • 0029002969 scopus 로고
    • A mechanistic link between an inherited and an acquired cardiac arrhythmia: HERG encodes the IKr potassium channel
    • Sanguinetti MC, Jiang C, Curran ME, et al. A mechanistic link between an inherited and an acquired cardiac arrhythmia: HERG encodes the IKr potassium channel. Cell 1995; 81: 299-307
    • (1995) Cell , vol.81 , pp. 299-307
    • Sanguinetti, M.C.1    Jiang, C.2    Curran, M.E.3
  • 20
    • 85036958186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products. Points to consider: the assessment of the potential for QT interval prolongation by non-cardiovascular medicinal products (CPMP/986/96). EMEA, 1997 Dec 17 [online]. Available from URL: http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/ac/03/briefing/pubs/cpmp.pdf [Accessed 2008 Jan 26]
    • Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products. Points to consider: the assessment of the potential for QT interval prolongation by non-cardiovascular medicinal products (CPMP/986/96). EMEA, 1997 Dec 17 [online]. Available from URL: http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/ac/03/briefing/pubs/cpmp.pdf [Accessed 2008 Jan 26]
  • 21
    • 0034244378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The potential for QT prolongation and proarrhythmia by non-antiarrhythmic drugs: Clinical and regulatory implications
    • Eur Heart J 2000; 21: 1216-31
    • Haverkamp W, Breithardt G, Camm AJ, et al. The potential for QT prolongation and proarrhythmia by non-antiarrhythmic drugs: clinical and regulatory implications. Report on a Policy Conference of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J 2000; 21: 1216-31
    • Report on a Policy Conference of the European Society of Cardiology
    • Haverkamp, W.1    Breithardt, G.2    Camm, A.J.3
  • 22
    • 36448970843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac repolarisation and drug regulation: Assessing cardiac safety 10 years after the CPMP guidance
    • Shah RR. Cardiac repolarisation and drug regulation: assessing cardiac safety 10 years after the CPMP guidance. Drug Saf 2007; 30: 1093-110
    • (2007) Drug Saf , vol.30 , pp. 1093-1110
    • Shah, R.R.1
  • 23
    • 84898693071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use. The non-clinical evaluation of the potential for delayed ventricular repolarization (QT interval prolongation) by human pharmaceuticals: S7B (CHMP/ICH/423/02). EMEA, 2005 May 12 [online]. Available from URL: http://www.ich.org/LOB/media/MEDIA2192.pdf [Accessed 2008 Jan 26]
    • Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use. The non-clinical evaluation of the potential for delayed ventricular repolarization (QT interval prolongation) by human pharmaceuticals: S7B (CHMP/ICH/423/02). EMEA, 2005 May 12 [online]. Available from URL: http://www.ich.org/LOB/media/MEDIA2192.pdf [Accessed 2008 Jan 26]
  • 24
    • 84898692940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use. Note for guidance on the clinical evaluation of QT/QTc interval prolongation and proarrhythmic potential for non-antiarrhythmic drugs: E14 (CHMP/ICH/2/04). EMEA, 2005 May 25 [online]. Available from URL: http://www.emea.europa.eu/pdfs/human/ich/000204en.pdf [Accessed 2008 Jan 26]
    • Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use. Note for guidance on the clinical evaluation of QT/QTc interval prolongation and proarrhythmic potential for non-antiarrhythmic drugs: E14 (CHMP/ICH/2/04). EMEA, 2005 May 25 [online]. Available from URL: http://www.emea.europa.eu/pdfs/human/ich/000204en.pdf [Accessed 2008 Jan 26]
  • 25
    • 84898692129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health Canada, Ministry of Health, Health Products and Food Branch. Guide for the analysis and review of QT/QTc interval data. File number: 06-124690-618. Health Canada, 2006 Nov 30 [online]. Available from URL: http://www. hc-gc.ca/dhp-mps/alt_formats/hpfb-dgpsa/pdf/prodpharma/ qt_review_examen _e.pdf [Accessed 2008 Jan 26]
    • Health Canada, Ministry of Health, Health Products and Food Branch. Guide for the analysis and review of QT/QTc interval data. File number: 06-124690-618. Health Canada, 2006 Nov 30 [online]. Available from URL: http://www. hc-gc.ca/dhp-mps/alt_formats/hpfb-dgpsa/pdf/prodpharma/ qt_review_examen _e.pdf [Accessed 2008 Jan 26]
  • 26
    • 85036938447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health Canada, Ministry of Health, Health Products and Food Branch. QT/QTc interval prolongation: guidance for product monograph content. File number: 06-124456-677. Health Canada, 2006 Nov 30 [online]. Available from URL: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/dhp-mps/alt_formats/hpfb-dgpsa/pdf/prodpharma/ qt_pm_mp_e.pdf [Accessed 2008 Jan 26]
    • Health Canada, Ministry of Health, Health Products and Food Branch. QT/QTc interval prolongation: guidance for product monograph content. File number: 06-124456-677. Health Canada, 2006 Nov 30 [online]. Available from URL: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/dhp-mps/alt_formats/hpfb-dgpsa/pdf/prodpharma/ qt_pm_mp_e.pdf [Accessed 2008 Jan 26]
  • 27
    • 85036918717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health Canada, Ministry of Health, Health Products and Food Branch. Question and answer document regarding the ICH S7B and E14 guidances. File number: 06-124711-745. Health Canada, 2006 Nov 30 [online]. Available from URL: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/dhp-mps/alt_formats/hpfb-dgpsa/pdf/prodpharma/ qt_qa_qr_e.pdf [Accessed 2008 Jan 26]
    • Health Canada, Ministry of Health, Health Products and Food Branch. Question and answer document regarding the ICH S7B and E14 guidances. File number: 06-124711-745. Health Canada, 2006 Nov 30 [online]. Available from URL: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/dhp-mps/alt_formats/hpfb-dgpsa/pdf/prodpharma/ qt_qa_qr_e.pdf [Accessed 2008 Jan 26]
  • 28
    • 0034812337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of repolarizing ionic currents by drugs
    • Escande D. Inhibition of repolarizing ionic currents by drugs. Eur Heart J Suppl 2001; 3 Suppl. K: K17-22
    • (2001) Eur Heart J Suppl , vol.3 , Issue.SUPPL. K
    • Escande, D.1
  • 29
    • 37349079996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concentration-QT relationships play a key role in the evaluation of proarrhythmic risk during regulatory review
    • Garnett CE, Beasley N, Bhattaram VA, et al. Concentration-QT relationships play a key role in the evaluation of proarrhythmic risk during regulatory review. J Clin Pharmacol 2008; 48: 13-8
    • (2008) J Clin Pharmacol , vol.48 , pp. 13-18
    • Garnett, C.E.1    Beasley, N.2    Bhattaram, V.A.3
  • 31
    • 84898700321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International Conference on Harmonisation. Maintenance of the ICH guidance on non-clinical safety studies for the conduct of human clinical trials for pharmaceuticals (ICH M3/R1). ICH Steering Committee, 2000 Nov 9 [online]. Available from URL: http://www.ich.org/LOB/media/MEDIA506.pdf [Accessed 2008 Jan 26]
    • International Conference on Harmonisation. Maintenance of the ICH guidance on non-clinical safety studies for the conduct of human clinical trials for pharmaceuticals (ICH M3/R1). ICH Steering Committee, 2000 Nov 9 [online]. Available from URL: http://www.ich.org/LOB/media/MEDIA506.pdf [Accessed 2008 Jan 26]
  • 32
    • 85036912509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use. Guideline on strategies to identify and mitigate risks for first-in-human clinical trials with investigational medicinal products. EMEA/CHMP/SWP/28367/07. EMEA, 2007 Jul 19 [on-line]. Available from URL: http://www.emea.europa.eu/pdfs/human/ swp/2836707enfin.pdf [Accessed 2008 Jan 26]
    • Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use. Guideline on strategies to identify and mitigate risks for first-in-human clinical trials with investigational medicinal products. EMEA/CHMP/SWP/28367/07. EMEA, 2007 Jul 19 [on-line]. Available from URL: http://www.emea.europa.eu/pdfs/human/ swp/2836707enfin.pdf [Accessed 2008 Jan 26]
  • 33
    • 84898690766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International Conference on Harmonisation. Safety Pharmacology Studies for Human Pharmaceuticals (ICH S7A). ICH Steering Committee, 2000 Nov 8 [online]. Available from URL: http://www.ich.org/LOB/media/MEDIA504.pdf [Accessed 2008 Apr 10]
    • International Conference on Harmonisation. Safety Pharmacology Studies for Human Pharmaceuticals (ICH S7A). ICH Steering Committee, 2000 Nov 8 [online]. Available from URL: http://www.ich.org/LOB/media/MEDIA504.pdf [Accessed 2008 Apr 10]
  • 34
    • 84898692066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International Conference on Harmonisation. Toxicokinetics: the assessment of systemic exposure in toxicity studies (ICH S3A). ICH Steering Committee, 1994 Oct 27 [online]. Available from URL: http://www.ich.org/LOB/media/MEDIA495. pdf [Accessed 2008 Apr 10]
    • International Conference on Harmonisation. Toxicokinetics: the assessment of systemic exposure in toxicity studies (ICH S3A). ICH Steering Committee, 1994 Oct 27 [online]. Available from URL: http://www.ich.org/LOB/media/MEDIA495. pdf [Accessed 2008 Apr 10]
  • 35
    • 0242711529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defective protein trafficking in hERG associated hereditary long QT syndrome (LQT2): Molecular mechanisms and restoration of intracellular protein processing
    • Thomas D, Kiehn J, Katus HA, et al. Defective protein trafficking in hERG associated hereditary long QT syndrome (LQT2): molecular mechanisms and restoration of intracellular protein processing. Cardiovasc Res 2003; 60: 235-41
    • (2003) Cardiovasc Res , vol.60 , pp. 235-241
    • Thomas, D.1    Kiehn, J.2    Katus, H.A.3
  • 36
    • 18744395493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein trafficking abnormalities: A new mechanism in drug-induced long QT syndrome
    • Eckhardt LL, Rajamani S, January CT. Protein trafficking abnormalities: a new mechanism in drug-induced long QT syndrome. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2005; 145: 3-4
    • (2005) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.145 , pp. 3-4
    • Eckhardt, L.L.1    Rajamani, S.2    January, C.T.3
  • 37
    • 3042528658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of arsenic-induced prolongation of cardiac repolarization
    • Ficker E, Kuryshev YA, Dennis AT, et al. Mechanisms of arsenic-induced prolongation of cardiac repolarization. Mol Pharmacol 2004; 66: 33-44
    • (2004) Mol Pharmacol , vol.66 , pp. 33-44
    • Ficker, E.1    Kuryshev, Y.A.2    Dennis, A.T.3
  • 38
    • 36749056453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • hERG channel trafficking: Novel targets in drug-induced long QT syndrome
    • Dennis A, Wang L, Wan X, et al. hERG channel trafficking: novel targets in drug-induced long QT syndrome. Biochem Soc Trans 2007; 35 Pt 5: 1060-3
    • (2007) Biochem Soc Trans , vol.35 , Issue.PART 5 , pp. 1060-1063
    • Dennis, A.1    Wang, L.2    Wan, X.3
  • 39
    • 33846450657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac glycosides as novel inhibitors of human ether-a-go-go-related gene channel trafficking
    • Wang L, Wible BA, Wan X, et al. Cardiac glycosides as novel inhibitors of human ether-a-go-go-related gene channel trafficking. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2007; 320: 525-34
    • (2007) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.320 , pp. 525-534
    • Wang, L.1    Wible, B.A.2    Wan, X.3
  • 40
    • 33750480200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug-induced long QT syndrome: HERG K+ channel block and disruption of protein trafficking by fluoxetine and norfluoxetine
    • Rajamani S, Eckhardt LL, Valdivia CR, et al. Drug-induced long QT syndrome: hERG K+ channel block and disruption of protein trafficking by fluoxetine and norfluoxetine. Br J Pharmacol 2006; 149: 481-9
    • (2006) Br J Pharmacol , vol.149 , pp. 481-489
    • Rajamani, S.1    Eckhardt, L.L.2    Valdivia, C.R.3
  • 41
    • 38849139779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coexistence of hERG current block and disruption of protein trafficking in ketoconazole-induced long QT syndrome
    • Takemasa H, Nagatomo T, Abe H, et al. Coexistence of hERG current block and disruption of protein trafficking in ketoconazole-induced long QT syndrome. Br J Pharmacol. 2008; 153: 439-47
    • (2008) Br J Pharmacol , vol.153 , pp. 439-447
    • Takemasa, H.1    Nagatomo, T.2    Abe, H.3
  • 42
    • 22444445634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HERG-Lite: A novel comprehensive high-throughput screen for drug-induced hERG risk
    • Wible BA, Hawryluk P, Ficker E, et al. HERG-Lite: a novel comprehensive high-throughput screen for drug-induced hERG risk. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2005; 52: 136-45
    • (2005) J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods , vol.52 , pp. 136-145
    • Wible, B.A.1    Hawryluk, P.2    Ficker, E.3
  • 43
    • 0027394358 scopus 로고
    • Early after-depolarizations and triggered activity: Mechanisms and autonomic regulation
    • Charpentier F, Drouin E, Gauthier C, et al. Early after-depolarizations and triggered activity: mechanisms and autonomic regulation. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 1993; 7: 39-49
    • (1993) Fundam Clin Pharmacol , vol.7 , pp. 39-49
    • Charpentier, F.1    Drouin, E.2    Gauthier, C.3
  • 44
    • 0028911903 scopus 로고
    • Early after-depolarizations in cardiac myocytes: Mechanism and rate dependence
    • Zeng J, Rudy Y. Early after-depolarizations in cardiac myocytes: mechanism and rate dependence. Biophys J 1995; 68: 949-64
    • (1995) Biophys J , vol.68 , pp. 949-964
    • Zeng, J.1    Rudy, Y.2
  • 45
    • 32944461884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mechanism of pause-induced torsade de pointes in long QT syndrome
    • Liu J, Laurita KR. The mechanism of pause-induced torsade de pointes in long QT syndrome. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2005; 16: 981-7
    • (2005) J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol , vol.16 , pp. 981-987
    • Liu, J.1    Laurita, K.R.2
  • 46
    • 22144484449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Verapamil prevents torsade de pointes by reduction of transmural dispersion of repolarization and suppression of early after-depolarizations in an intact heart model of LQT3
    • Milberg P, Reinsch N, Osada N, et al. Verapamil prevents torsade de pointes by reduction of transmural dispersion of repolarization and suppression of early after-depolarizations in an intact heart model of LQT3. Basic Res Cardiol 2005; 100: 365-71
    • (2005) Basic Res Cardiol , vol.100 , pp. 365-371
    • Milberg, P.1    Reinsch, N.2    Osada, N.3
  • 47
    • 3342882854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiarrhythmic effects of ranolazine in a guinea pig in vitro model of long-QT syndrome
    • Wu L, Shryock JC, Song Y, et al. Antiarrhythmic effects of ranolazine in a guinea pig in vitro model of long-QT syndrome. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2004; 310: 599-605
    • (2004) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.310 , pp. 599-605
    • Wu, L.1    Shryock, J.C.2    Song, Y.3
  • 48
    • 4944259885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiarrhythmic and proarrhythmic properties of QT-prolonging antianginal drugs
    • Singh BN, Wadhani N. Antiarrhythmic and proarrhythmic properties of QT-prolonging antianginal drugs. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2004; 9 Suppl. 1: S85-97
    • (2004) J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther , vol.9 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Singh, B.N.1    Wadhani, N.2
  • 49
    • 4344577023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiological effects of ranolazine, a novel antianginal agent with antiarrhythmic properties
    • Antzelevitch C, Belardinelli L, Zygmunt AC, et al. Electrophysiological effects of ranolazine, a novel antianginal agent with antiarrhythmic properties. Circulation 2004; 110: 904-10
    • (2004) Circulation , vol.110 , pp. 904-910
    • Antzelevitch, C.1    Belardinelli, L.2    Zygmunt, A.C.3
  • 50
    • 21344463329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Refining detection of drug-induced proarrhythmia: QT interval and TRIaD
    • Shah RR, Hondeghem LM. Refining detection of drug-induced proarrhythmia: QT interval and TRIaD. Heart Rhythm 2005; 2: 758-72
    • (2005) Heart Rhythm , vol.2 , pp. 758-772
    • Shah, R.R.1    Hondeghem, L.M.2
  • 51
    • 33644823249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amplification of spatial dispersion of repolarization underlies sudden cardiac death associated with catecholaminergic polymorphic VT, long QT, short QT and Brugada syndromes
    • Antzelevitch C, Oliva A. Amplification of spatial dispersion of repolarization underlies sudden cardiac death associated with catecholaminergic polymorphic VT, long QT, short QT and Brugada syndromes. J Intern Med 2006; 259: 48-58
    • (2006) J Intern Med , vol.259 , pp. 48-58
    • Antzelevitch, C.1    Oliva, A.2
  • 52
    • 33751165936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro preclinical cardiac assessment of tolterodine and terodiline: Multiple factors predict the clinical experience
    • Martin RL, Su Z, Limberis JT, et al. In vitro preclinical cardiac assessment of tolterodine and terodiline: Multiple factors predict the clinical experience. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2006; 48: 199-206
    • (2006) J Cardiovasc Pharmacol , vol.48 , pp. 199-206
    • Martin, R.L.1    Su, Z.2    Limberis, J.T.3
  • 53
    • 1942536148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug-induced torsades de pointes and implications for drug development
    • Fenichel RR, Malik M, Antzelevitch C, et al. Drug-induced torsades de pointes and implications for drug development. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2004; 15: 475-95
    • (2004) J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol , vol.15 , pp. 475-495
    • Fenichel, R.R.1    Malik, M.2    Antzelevitch, C.3
  • 55
    • 0030588931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Torsade de pointes with an antihistamine metabolite: Potassium channel blockade with desmethylastemizole
    • Volperian VR, Zhou Z, Mohammad S, et al. Torsade de pointes with an antihistamine metabolite: potassium channel blockade with desmethylastemizole. J Am Coll Cardiol 1996; 28: 1556-61
    • (1996) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.28 , pp. 1556-1561
    • Volperian, V.R.1    Zhou, Z.2    Mohammad, S.3
  • 56
    • 14644430098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interpretation of clinical ECG data: Understanding the risk from non-antiarrhythmic drugs
    • Morganroth J, Gussak I, editors, Totowa NJ, Humana Press Inc
    • Shah RR. Interpretation of clinical ECG data: understanding the risk from non-antiarrhythmic drugs. In: Morganroth J, Gussak I, editors. Cardiac safety of noncardiac drugs: practical guidelines for clinical research and drug development. Totowa (NJ): Humana Press Inc., 2004: 259-98
    • (2004) Cardiac safety of noncardiac drugs: Practical guidelines for clinical research and drug development , pp. 259-298
    • Shah, R.R.1
  • 57
    • 33846948636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calcium antagonist property of CPU228, a dofetilide derivative, contributes to its low incidence of torsades de pointes in rabbits
    • Huang ZJ, Dai DZ, Li N, et al. Calcium antagonist property of CPU228, a dofetilide derivative, contributes to its low incidence of torsades de pointes in rabbits. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2007; 34: 310-7
    • (2007) Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol , vol.34 , pp. 310-317
    • Huang, Z.J.1    Dai, D.Z.2    Li, N.3
  • 58
    • 0032410714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The antipsychotic agent sertindole is a high affinity antagonist of the human cardiac potassium channel HERG
    • Rampe D, Murawsky MK, Grau J, et al. The antipsychotic agent sertindole is a high affinity antagonist of the human cardiac potassium channel HERG. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1998; 286: 788-93
    • (1998) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.286 , pp. 788-793
    • Rampe, D.1    Murawsky, M.K.2    Grau, J.3
  • 59
    • 1342323337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac ion channel effects of tolterodine
    • Kang J, Chen XL, Wang H, et al. Cardiac ion channel effects of tolterodine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2004; 308: 935-40
    • (2004) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.308 , pp. 935-940
    • Kang, J.1    Chen, X.L.2    Wang, H.3
  • 60
    • 2442702680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of human ether-a-go-go-related gene potassium channels by alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonists prazosin, doxazosin, and terazosin
    • Thomas D, Wimmer AB, Wu K, et al. Inhibition of human ether-a-go-go-related gene potassium channels by alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonists prazosin, doxazosin, and terazosin. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2004; 369: 462-72
    • (2004) Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol , vol.369 , pp. 462-472
    • Thomas, D.1    Wimmer, A.B.2    Wu, K.3
  • 61
    • 0032988575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carvedilol blocks the repolarizing K+ currents and the L-type Ca++ current in rabbit ventricular myocytes
    • Cheng J, Niwa R, Kamiya K, et al. Carvedilol blocks the repolarizing K+ currents and the L-type Ca++ current in rabbit ventricular myocytes. Eur J Pharmacol 1999; 376: 189-201
    • (1999) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.376 , pp. 189-201
    • Cheng, J.1    Niwa, R.2    Kamiya, K.3
  • 62
    • 33644926702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sertindole: A review of its use in schizophrenia
    • Murdoch M, Keating GM. Sertindole: a review of its use in schizophrenia. CNS Drugs 2006; 20: 233-55
    • (2006) CNS Drugs , vol.20 , pp. 233-255
    • Murdoch, M.1    Keating, G.M.2
  • 63
    • 33847632522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thorough QT study with recommended and supratherapeutic doses of tolterodine
    • Malhotra BK, Glue P, Sweeney K, et al. Thorough QT study with recommended and supratherapeutic doses of tolterodine. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2007; 81: 377-85
    • (2007) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.81 , pp. 377-385
    • Malhotra, B.K.1    Glue, P.2    Sweeney, K.3
  • 64
    • 0024335624 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of halofantrine in man: Effects of food and dose size
    • Milton KA, Edwards G, Ward SA, et al. Pharmacokinetics of halofantrine in man: effects of food and dose size. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1989; 28: 71-7
    • (1989) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.28 , pp. 71-77
    • Milton, K.A.1    Edwards, G.2    Ward, S.A.3
  • 65
    • 0029095234 scopus 로고
    • Stereoselective block of a human cardiac potassium channel (Kv1.5) by bupivacaine enantiomers
    • Valenzuela C, Delpon E, Tamkun MM, et al. Stereoselective block of a human cardiac potassium channel (Kv1.5) by bupivacaine enantiomers. Biophys J 1995; 69: 418-27
    • (1995) Biophys J , vol.69 , pp. 418-427
    • Valenzuela, C.1    Delpon, E.2    Tamkun, M.M.3
  • 66
    • 0035033450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stereoselective halofantrine disposition and effect: Concentration-related QTc prolongation
    • Abernethy DR, Wesche DL, Barbey JT, et al. Stereoselective halofantrine disposition and effect: concentration-related QTc prolongation. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2001; 51: 231-7
    • (2001) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.51 , pp. 231-237
    • Abernethy, D.R.1    Wesche, D.L.2    Barbey, J.T.3
  • 67
    • 84898699217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European Medicines Evaluation Agency. EMEA Public Statement on the recommendation to suspend the marketing authorisation for Orlaam (levacetylmethadol) in the European Union. EMEA/8776/01. EMEA, 2001 Apr 19 [online]. Available from URL: http://www.emea.europa.eu/pdfs/ human/press/pus/877601en.pdf [Accessed 2008 Jan 26]
    • European Medicines Evaluation Agency. EMEA Public Statement on the recommendation to suspend the marketing authorisation for Orlaam (levacetylmethadol) in the European Union. EMEA/8776/01. EMEA, 2001 Apr 19 [online]. Available from URL: http://www.emea.europa.eu/pdfs/ human/press/pus/877601en.pdf [Accessed 2008 Jan 26]
  • 68
    • 34247210196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stereoselective block of hERG channel by (S)-methadone and QT interval prolongation in CYP2B6 slow metabolizers
    • Eap CB, Crettol S, Rougier JS, et al. Stereoselective block of hERG channel by (S)-methadone and QT interval prolongation in CYP2B6 slow metabolizers. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2007; 81: 719-28
    • (2007) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.81 , pp. 719-728
    • Eap, C.B.1    Crettol, S.2    Rougier, J.S.3
  • 69
    • 0024237826 scopus 로고
    • Basic mechanism underlying prenylamine-induced torsade de pointes: Differences between prenylamine and fendiline due to basic actions of the isomers
    • Bayer R, Schwarzmaler J, Pernice R. Basic mechanism underlying prenylamine-induced torsade de pointes: differences between prenylamine and fendiline due to basic actions of the isomers. Curr Med Res Opin 1988; 11: 254-72
    • (1988) Curr Med Res Opin , vol.11 , pp. 254-272
    • Bayer, R.1    Schwarzmaler, J.2    Pernice, R.3
  • 70
    • 85036931823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lilly pulls out of R-fluoxetine deal. Scrip 2000 Oct 25; 2586: 24
    • Lilly pulls out of R-fluoxetine deal. Scrip 2000 Oct 25; 2586: 24
  • 71
    • 0020405253 scopus 로고
    • Blood quinidine levels and cardiac effects in white British and Nigerian subjects
    • Olatunde A, Price Evans DA. Blood quinidine levels and cardiac effects in white British and Nigerian subjects. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1982; 14: 513-8
    • (1982) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.14 , pp. 513-518
    • Olatunde, A.1    Price Evans, D.A.2
  • 72
    • 33846081056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Possible interethnic differences in quinidine-induced QT prolongation between healthy Caucasian and Korean subjects
    • Shin J-G, Kang W-K, Shon J-H, et al. Possible interethnic differences in quinidine-induced QT prolongation between healthy Caucasian and Korean subjects. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2006; 63: 206-15
    • (2006) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.63 , pp. 206-215
    • Shin, J.-G.1    Kang, W.-K.2    Shon, J.-H.3
  • 73
    • 16544363963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethnic differences in genetic polymorphisms of CYP2D6, CYP2C19, CYP3As and MDR1/ABCB1
    • Ozawa S, Soyama A, Saeki M, et al. Ethnic differences in genetic polymorphisms of CYP2D6, CYP2C19, CYP3As and MDR1/ABCB1. Drug Metab Pharmacokin 2004; 19: 83-95
    • (2004) Drug Metab Pharmacokin , vol.19 , pp. 83-95
    • Ozawa, S.1    Soyama, A.2    Saeki, M.3
  • 74
    • 6344285930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic variation in eleven phase I drug metabolism genes in an ethnically diverse population
    • Solus JF, Arietta BJ, Harris JR, et al. Genetic variation in eleven phase I drug metabolism genes in an ethnically diverse population. Pharmacogenomics 2004; 5: 895-931
    • (2004) Pharmacogenomics , vol.5 , pp. 895-931
    • Solus, J.F.1    Arietta, B.J.2    Harris, J.R.3
  • 75
    • 0345690174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethnic differences in cardiac potassium channel variants: Implications for genetic susceptibility to sudden cardiac death and genetic testing for congenital long QT syndrome
    • Ackerman MJ, Tester DJ, Jones GS, et al. Ethnic differences in cardiac potassium channel variants: Implications for genetic susceptibility to sudden cardiac death and genetic testing for congenital long QT syndrome. Mayo Clin Proc 2003; 78: 1479-87
    • (2003) Mayo Clin Proc , vol.78 , pp. 1479-1487
    • Ackerman, M.J.1    Tester, D.J.2    Jones, G.S.3
  • 76
    • 0033514263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low penetrance in the long-QT syndrome: Clinical impact
    • Priori SG, Napolitano C, Schwartz PJ. Low penetrance in the long-QT syndrome: clinical impact. Circulation 1999; 99: 529-33
    • (1999) Circulation , vol.99 , pp. 529-533
    • Priori, S.G.1    Napolitano, C.2    Schwartz, P.J.3
  • 77
    • 13544275836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic susceptibility to acquired long QT syndrome: Pharmacologic challenge in first-degree relatives
    • Kannankeril PJ, Roden DM, Norris KJ, et al. Genetic susceptibility to acquired long QT syndrome: pharmacologic challenge in first-degree relatives. Heart Rhythm 2005; 2: 134-40
    • (2005) Heart Rhythm , vol.2 , pp. 134-140
    • Kannankeril, P.J.1    Roden, D.M.2    Norris, K.J.3
  • 78
    • 1542345445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacogenetic aspects of drug-induced torsade de pointes: Potential tool for improving clinical drug development and prescribing
    • Shah RR. Pharmacogenetic aspects of drug-induced torsade de pointes: potential tool for improving clinical drug development and prescribing. Drug Saf 2004; 27: 145-72
    • (2004) Drug Saf , vol.27 , pp. 145-172
    • Shah, R.R.1
  • 79
    • 33745668444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacogenetic issues in thorough QT trials
    • Judson RS, Salisbury BA, Reed CR, et al. Pharmacogenetic issues in thorough QT trials. Mol Diag Ther 2006; 10: 153-62
    • (2006) Mol Diag Ther , vol.10 , pp. 153-162
    • Judson, R.S.1    Salisbury, B.A.2    Reed, C.R.3
  • 80
    • 35248860417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A practical approach to cardiac safety: Implementing ICH E14 to define cardiac safety in new drug development
    • Oct;
    • Grisanti S, Morganroth J, Shah RR. A practical approach to cardiac safety: implementing ICH E14 to define cardiac safety in new drug development. Applied Clin Trials 2005 Oct; Suppl.: 10-6
    • (2005) Applied Clin Trials , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 10-16
    • Grisanti, S.1    Morganroth, J.2    Shah, R.R.3
  • 82
    • 33845978737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac repolarization and the safety of new drugs defined by electrocardiography
    • Morganroth J. Cardiac repolarization and the safety of new drugs defined by electrocardiography. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2007; 81: 108-13
    • (2007) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.81 , pp. 108-113
    • Morganroth, J.1
  • 83
    • 40949130559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response to "Design of the thorough QT study
    • Morganroth J. Response to "Design of the thorough QT study". Clin Pharmacol Ther 2008; 83: 529-30
    • (2008) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.83 , pp. 529-530
    • Morganroth, J.1
  • 84
    • 23944509028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • QT and QTc interval with standard and supratherapeutic doses of darifenacin, a muscarinic M3 selective receptor antagonist for the treatment of overactive bladder
    • Serra DB, Affrime MB, Bedigian MP, et al. QT and QTc interval with standard and supratherapeutic doses of darifenacin, a muscarinic M3 selective receptor antagonist for the treatment of overactive bladder. J Clin Pharmacol 2005; 45: 1038-47
    • (2005) J Clin Pharmacol , vol.45 , pp. 1038-1047
    • Serra, D.B.1    Affrime, M.B.2    Bedigian, M.P.3
  • 85
    • 37549017626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized, double-blind, crossover study to investigate the effect of rivaroxaban on QT-interval prolongation
    • Kubitza D, Mueck W, Becka M. Randomized, double-blind, crossover study to investigate the effect of rivaroxaban on QT-interval prolongation. Drug Saf 2008; 31: 67-77
    • (2008) Drug Saf , vol.31 , pp. 67-77
    • Kubitza, D.1    Mueck, W.2    Becka, M.3
  • 86
    • 40549135640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of single doses of maraviroc on the QT/QTc interval in healthy subjects
    • Davis JD, Hackman F, Layton G, et al. Effect of single doses of maraviroc on the QT/QTc interval in healthy subjects. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2008; 65 Suppl. 1: 68-75
    • (2008) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.65 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 68-75
    • Davis, J.D.1    Hackman, F.2    Layton, G.3
  • 87
    • 33746035691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiotoxicity of histone deacetylase inhibitor depsipeptide in patients with metastatic neuroendocrine tumors
    • Shah MH, Binkley P, Chan K, et al. Cardiotoxicity of histone deacetylase inhibitor depsipeptide in patients with metastatic neuroendocrine tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2006; 12: 3997-4003
    • (2006) Clin Cancer Res , vol.12 , pp. 3997-4003
    • Shah, M.H.1    Binkley, P.2    Chan, K.3
  • 88
    • 35348925070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the effect on cardiac repolarization (QTc interval) of oncologic drugs
    • Morganroth J. Evaluation of the effect on cardiac repolarization (QTc interval) of oncologic drugs. Ernst Schering Res Found Workshop. 2007; 59: 171-84
    • (2007) Ernst Schering Res Found Workshop , vol.59 , pp. 171-184
    • Morganroth, J.1
  • 89
    • 34548276036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecularly targeted oncology therapeutics and prolongation of the QT interval
    • Strevel EL, Ing DJ, Siu LL. Molecularly targeted oncology therapeutics and prolongation of the QT interval. J Clin Oncol 2007; 25: 3362-71
    • (2007) J Clin Oncol , vol.25 , pp. 3362-3371
    • Strevel, E.L.1    Ing, D.J.2    Siu, L.L.3
  • 90
    • 40249094483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug-induced QTc interval prolongation: A proposal towards an efficient and safe anticancer drug development
    • Curigliano G, Spitaleri G, Fingert HJ, et al. Drug-induced QTc interval prolongation: a proposal towards an efficient and safe anticancer drug development. Eur J Cancer 2008; 44: 494-500
    • (2008) Eur J Cancer , vol.44 , pp. 494-500
    • Curigliano, G.1    Spitaleri, G.2    Fingert, H.J.3
  • 91
    • 41049113823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Darpo B, Sager P. Design of the Thorough QT Study. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2008 Apr; 83 (4): 529; author reply 530
    • Darpo B, Sager P. Design of the "Thorough QT Study". Clin Pharmacol Ther 2008 Apr; 83 (4): 529; author reply 530
  • 93
    • 0029801375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concentration-related pharmacodynamic effects of thioridazine and its metabolites in humans
    • Hartigan-Go K, Bateman DA, Nyberg G, et al. Concentration-related pharmacodynamic effects of thioridazine and its metabolites in humans. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1996; 60: 543-53
    • (1996) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.60 , pp. 543-553
    • Hartigan-Go, K.1    Bateman, D.A.2    Nyberg, G.3
  • 94
    • 38349181606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Performance characteristics for some typical QT study designs under the ICH E-14 guidance
    • Hutmacher MM, Chapel S, Agin MA, et al. Performance characteristics for some typical QT study designs under the ICH E-14 guidance. J Clin Pharmacol 2008; 48: 215-24
    • (2008) J Clin Pharmacol , vol.48 , pp. 215-224
    • Hutmacher, M.M.1    Chapel, S.2    Agin, M.A.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.