Recent geological and hydrological activity on Mars: The Tharsis/Elysium corridor

Planetary and Space Science

Volumn 56, Issue 7, 2008, Pages 985-1013

  Dohm, James M ^a   Anderson, Robert C ^b   Barlow, Nadine G ^c   Miyamoto, Hirdy ^d   Davies, Ashley G ^b   Jeffrey Taylor, G ^e   Baker, Victor R ^a   Boynton, William V ^a   Keller, John ^a   Kerry, Kris ^a   Janes, Daniel ^a   Fairén, Alberto G ^f,g   Schulze Makuch, Dirk ^h   Glamoclija, Mihaela ⁱ   Marinangeli, Lucia ⁱ   Ori, Gian G ⁱ   Strom, Robert G ^a   Williams, Jean Pierre ^j   Ferris, Justin C ^k   Rodriguez J A P ^d   de Pablo, Miguel A ^l   Karunatillake, Suniti ^m   more..

^a UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA   (United States)

^b CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^c NORTHERN ARIZONA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO   (Japan)

^e UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII   (United States)

^f UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE MADRID   (Spain)

^g NASA AMES RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

^h WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

ⁱ UNIVERSITY OF CHIETI   (Italy)

^j CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^k NOAA EARTH SYSTEM RESEARCH LABORATORY   (United States)

^l UNIVERSITY OF ALCALÁ   (Spain)

^m Cornell University ^*  (United States)

more..

Author keywords

Hydrothermal activity; Life; Magmatism; Mars; Present Mars; Tectonism

Indexed keywords

HYDROGEOLOGY; MAPS; STRATIGRAPHY; TECTONICS;

HYDROTHERMAL ACTIVITY; MAGMATISM; PRESENT MARS; TECTONISM;

PLANETS;

EID: 42749093141     PISSN: 00320633     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.pss.2008.01.001     Document Type: Article

References (229)

1. Abe Y., Numaguti A., Komatsu G., and Kobayashi Y. Four climate regimes on a land planet with wet surface: effects of obliquity change and implications for ancient Mars. Icarus 178 (2005) 27-39
2. Anderson R.C., Dohm J.M., Golombek M.P., Haldemann A., Franklin B.J., Tanaka K.L., Lias J., and Peer B. Significant centers of tectonic activity through time for the western hemisphere of Mars. J. Geophys. Res. 106 (2001) 20,563-20,585
3. Anderson R.C., Dohm J.M., Haldemann A.F.C., Hare T.M., and Baker V.R. Tectonic histories between Alba Patera and Syria Planum, Mars. Icarus 171 (2004) 31-38
4. Anderson R.C., Dohm J.M., Golombek M., Haldemann A.F.C., and Pounders E. Centers of tectonism identified for the western and eastern hemisphere of Mars. Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf. XXXVIII (2007) #1889 (abstract) (CD-ROM)
5. Anderson, R.C., Dohm, J.M., Haldemann, A.F.C., Pounders, E., Golombek, M., Castano, A., 2007b. Centers of tectonic activity for the eastern hemisphere of Mars. Icarus, in press.
6. Baker V.R. Water and the martian landscape. Nature 412 (2001) 228-236
7. Baker V.R., Strom R.G., Gulick V.C., Kargel J.S., Komatsu G., and Kale V.S. Ancient oceans, ice sheets and the hydrological cycle on Mars. Nature 352 (1991) 589-594
8. Baker V.R., Strom R.G., Dohm J.M., Gulick V.C., Kargel J.S., Komatsu G., Ori G.G., and Rice Jr. J.W. Mars' Oceanus Borealis, ancient glaciers, and the MEGAOUTFLO hypothesis. Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf. (CD-ROM) XXXI (2000) abstract 1863
9. Baker, V.R., Maruyama, S., Dohm, J.M., 2002. A theory of early plate tectonics and subsequent long-term superplume activity on Mars. Superplume International Workshop, Abstracts with Programs, Tokyo, pp. 312-316.
10. Baker V.R., Maruyama S., and Dohm J.M. Tharsis superplume and the geological evolution of early Mars. In: Yuen D.A., Maruyama S., Karato S.-I., and Windley B.F. (Eds). Superplumes: Beyond Plate Tectonics (2007), Springer, Berlin 507-523
11. Bandfield J.L., Hamilton V.E., and Christensen P.R. A global view of martian surface compositions from MGS-TES. Science 287 (2000) 1626-1630
12. Bandfield J.L., Hamilton V.E., Christensen P.R., and McSween Jr. H.Y. Identification of quartzofeldspathic materials on Mars. J. Geophys. Res. 109 E10009 (2004)
13. Banerdt W.B., Golombek M.P., and Tanaka K.L. Stress and tectonics on Mars. In: Kieffer H.H., and Jakosky B.M. (Eds). Mars (1992), University of Arizona Press 249-297
14. Banin A., Han F.X., and Cicelsky A. Acidic volatiles and the Mars soil. J. Geophys. Res. 102 (1997) 13.341-13.356
15. Barlow N.G. Crater size-frequency distributions and a revised martian relative chronology. Icarus 75 (1988) 285-305
16. Barlow, N.G., 2006. The production rate and distribution of secondary craters on Mars. Workshop on Surface Ages and Histories: Issues in Planetary Chronology. LPI Contribution #1320, pp. 12-13.
17. Bell III, J.F., 1996. Iron, sulfate, carbonate, and hydrated mineral on Mars. In: Dyar, M.D., McCammon, C., Schaefer, M.W. (Eds.), Mineral Spectroscopy: A Tribute to Roger G. Burns. Geochem. Soc. Special Pub. No. 5, pp. 359-380.
18. Bell III J.F., Morris R.V., and Adams J.B. Thermally altered palagonitic tephra: a spectral and process analog to the soil and dust of Mars. J. Geophys. Res 98 (1993) 3373-3385
19. Berman D.C., and Hartmann W.K. Recent fluvial, volcanic, and tectonic activity on the Cerberus plains of Mars. Icarus 159 1 (2002) 1-17
20. Bibring J.-P., Langevin Y., Mustard J.F., Poulet F., Arvidson R., Gendrin A., Gondet B., Mangold N., Pinet P., Forget F., and OMEGA team. Global mineralogical and aqueous Mars history derived from OMEGA/Mars Express data. Science 312 (2006) 400-404
21. Bishop J.L., Murchie S.L., Pieters C.M., and Zent A.P. A model for formation of dust, soil, and rocks coatings on Mars: physical and chemical processes on the martian surface. J. Geophys. Res. 107 (2002) 5097/17
22. Borg L.E., Nyquist L.E., Weissman H., Shih C.Y., and Reese Y. The age of Dar al Gani 476 and the differentiation history of the martian meteorites inferred from their radiogenic isotopic systematics. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 67 (2003) 3519-3536
23. Boynton W.V., Feldman W.C., Squyres S.W., Prettyman T.H., Brückner J., Evans L.G., Reedy R.C., Starr R., Arnold J.R., Drake D.M., Englert P.A.J., Metzger A.E., Mitrofanov I., Trombka J.I., d'Uston C., Wänke H., Gasnault O., Hamara D.K., Janes D.M., Marcialis R.L., Maurice S., Mikheeva I., Taylor G.J., Tokar R., and Shinohara C. Distribution of hydrogen in the near surface of Mars: evidence for subsurface ice deposits. Science 297 (2002) 81-85
24. Boynton W.V., Feldman W.C., Mitrofanov I.G., Evans L.G., Reedy R.C., Squyres S.W., Starr R., Trombka J.I., d'Uston C., Arnold J.R., Englert P.A.J., Metzger A.E., Wänke H., Brückner J., Drake D.M., Shinohara C., Fellows C., Hamara D.K., Harshman K., Kerry K., Turner C., Ward M., Barthe H., Fuller K.R., Storms S.A., Thornton G.W., Longmire J.L., Litvak M.L., and Ton' Chev A.K. The Mars Odyssey Gamma-Ray Spectrometer Instrument Suite. Space Sci. Rev. 110 (2004) 37-83
25. Boynton, W.V., et al., 2007. Concentration of H, Si, Cl, K, Fe, and Th in the low- and mid-latitude regions of Mars. J. Geophys. Res. 112, E12S99, doi:10.1029/2007JE002887.
26. Brandon A.D., Walker R., Morgan J.W., and Goles G.G. Re-Os isotopic evidence for early differentiation of the martian mantle. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 64 (2000) 4083-4095
27. Breuer D., and Spohn T. Early plate tectonics versus single-plate tectonics on Mars: evidence from magnetic field history and crust evolution. J. Geophys. Res. 108 (2003) 5072 10.1029/2002JE001999
28. Bridges J., Catling D.C., Saxton J.M., Swindle T.D., Lyon I.C., and Grady M.M. Alteration assemblages in martian meteorites: implications for near-surface processes. Space Sci. Rev. 96 (2001) 365-392
29. Burns R.G., and Fisher D.S. Iron-sulfur mineralogy of Mars: magmatic evolution and chemical weathering products. J. Geophys. Res. 95 (1990) 14415-14421
30. Burr D.M., Grier J.A., McEwen A.S., and Keszthelyi L.P. Repeated aqueous flooding from the Cerberus Fossae: evidence for very recently extant, deep groundwater on Mars. Icarus 159 (2002) 53-73
31. Cabrol N.A., Grin E.A., Landheim R., Kuzmin R.O., and Greeley R. Duration of the Ma'adim Vallis/Gusev crater hydrogeologic system, Mars. Icarus 133 (1998) 98-108
32. Cabrol N.A., Wynn-Williams D.D., Crawford D.A., and Grin E.A. Recent aqueous environments in martian impact craters: an astrobiological perspective. Icarus 154 (2001) 98-113
33. Carr M.H. D/H on Mars: the effect of floods, volcanism, impacts and polar processes. Icarus 87 (1990) 210-227
34. Carr M.H. Water on Mars (1996), Oxford University Press, New York 229pp
35. Carr M.H., and Chuang F.C. Martian drainage densities. J. Geophys. Res. 102 (1997) 9145-9152
36. Chapelle F.H., O'Neill K., Bradley P.M., Meth B.A., Ciufo S.A., Knobel L.L., and Lovley D.R. A hydrogen-based subsurface microbial community dominated by methanogens. Nature 415 (2002) 312-315
37. Chapman, M.G., Tanaka, K.L., 1993. Geologic map of the MTM-05152 and -10152 quadrangles, Mangala Valles region of Mars. USGS Misc. Inv. Ser. Map I-2294 (1:500,000).
38. Chapman, M.G., Tanaka, K.L., 1996. Geologic maps of the MTM 25062 quadrangle (digital compilation) and the MTM 25067 quadrangle (manual compilation), Kasei Valles region of Mars. USGS Misc. Inv. Ser. Map I-2398 (1:500,000).
39. Chapman, M.G., Masursky, H., Scott, D.H., 1991. Geologic map of science study area 2, north Kasei Valles, Mars (MTM 25072 quadrangle). USGS Misc. Inv. Ser. Map I-2107 (1:500,000).
40. Chastain B.K., and Chevrier V. Methane clathrate hydrates as a potential source for martian atmospheric methane. Planet. Space Sci. 55 (2007) 1246-1256
41. Chevrier V., and Mathé P.E. Mineralogy and evolution of the surface of Mars: a review. Planet. Space Sci. 55 (2007) 289-314
42. Chevrier V., Rochette P., Mathé P.-E., and Grauby O. Weathering of iron rich phases in simulated martian atmospheres. Geology 32 (2004) 1033-1036
43. 2) atmosphere: implications for weathering processes on the surface of Mars. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 70 (2006) 4295-4317
44. Chioni R., Corazza E., and Marini L. The gas/steam ratio as indicator of heat transfer at the Solfatara fumarole, Phlegrean Fields (Italy). Bull. Volcanol. 47 (1984) 295-302
45. Christensen P.R., Bandfield J.L., Smith M.D., Hamilton V.E., and Clark R.N. Identification of a basaltic component on the martian surface from Thermal Emission Spectrometer data. J. Geophys. Res. 105 (2000) 9609-9621
46. Christensen P.R., Bandfield J.L., Hamilton V.E., Ruff S.W., Kieffer H.H., Titus T.N., Malin M.C., Morris R.V., Lane M.D., Clark R.L., Jakosky B.M., Mellon M.T., Pearl J.C., Conrath B.J., Smith M.D., Clancy R.T., Kuzmin R.O., Roush T., Mehall G.L., Gorelick N., Bender K., Murray K., Dason S., Greene E., Silverman S., and Greenfield M. The Mars Global Surveyor Thermal Emission Spectrometer experiment: investigation description and surface science results. J. Geophys. Res. 106 (2001) 23,823-23,871
47. Christensen P.R., Morris R.V., Lane M.D., Bandfield J.L., and Malin M.C. Global mapping of martian hematite mineral deposits: remnants of water-driven processes on early Mars. J. Geophys. Res. 106 (2001) 23,873-23,886
48. Christensen P.R., Bandfield J.L., Bell III J.F., Gorelick N., Hamilton V.E., Ivanov A., Jakosky B.M., Kieffer H.H., Lane M.D., Malin M.C., McConnochie T., McEwen A.S., McSween Jr. H.Y., Mehall G.L., Moersch J.E., Nealson K.H., Rice Jr. J.W., Richardson M.I., Ruff S.W., Smith M.D., Titus T.N., and Wyatt M.B. Morphology and composition of the surface of Mars: Mars Odyssey THEMIS results. Science 300 (2003) 2056-2061
49. Christensen P.R., Jakosky B.M., Kieffer H.H., Malin M.C., McSewwn H.Y., Nealson K., Mehall G.L., Silverman S.H., Ferry S., Caplinger M., and Ravine M. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) for the Mars 2001 Odyssey Mission. Space Sci. Rev. 110 (2004) 85-130
50. Christensen P.R., McSween Jr. H.Y., Bandfield J.L., Ruff S.W., Rogers A.D., Hamilton V.E., Gorelick N., Wyatt M.B., Jakosky B.M., Kieffer H.H., Malin M.C., and Moersch J.E. Evidence for magmatic evolution and diversity on Mars from infrared observations. Nature 436 (2005) 504-509
51. Clifford S.M., and Parker T.J. The evolution of the martian hydrosphere: implications for the fate of a primordial ocean and the current state of the northern plains. Icarus 154 (2001) 40-79
52. Clark B.C., Baird A.K., Weldon R.J., Tsusaki D.M., Schnabel L., and Candelaria M.P. Chemical composition of martian fines. J. Geophys. Res. 87 (1982) 10059-10067
53. Clark B.C., Morris R.V., McLennan S.M., Gellert R., Jolliff B., Knoll A.H., Squyres S.W., Lowenstein T.K., Ming D.W., Tosca N.J., Yen A., Christensen P.R., Gorevan S., Brückner J., Calvin W., Dreibus G., Farrand W., Klingelhoefer G., Waenke H., Zipfel J., Bell III J.F., Grotzinger J., McSween Jr. H.Y., and Rieder R. Chemistry and mineralogy of outcrops at Meridiani Planum. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 240 (2005) 73-94
54. Connerney J.E.P., Acuña M.H., Ness N.F., Kletetschka G., Mitchell D.L., Lin R.P., and Reme H. Tectonic implications of Mars crustal magnetism. Science 102 (2005) 14970-14975
55. Craddock, R.A., Greeley, R., 1994. Geologic map of the MTM -20147 quadrangle, Mangala Valles region of Mars. USGS Misc. Inv. Ser. Map I-2310 (1:500,000).
56. Davies P.C.W. The transfer of viable microorganisms between planets. In: Bock G.R., and Goode J.A. (Eds). Evolution of Hydrothermal Ecosystems on Earth (and Mars?). Ciba Foundation Symposium 202 (1996), Wiley, Chichester 304-317
57. DeHon, R.A., 1992. Geologic map of the Pompeii quadrangle (MTM 20057), Maja Valles region of Mars. USGS Misc. Inv. Ser. Map I-2203 (1:500,000).
58. DeHon, R.A., Mouginis-Mark, P.J., Brick, E.E., 1999. Geologic map of the Galaxias quadrangle (MTM 35217) of Mars. USGS Misc. Inv. Ser. Map I-2579 (1:500,000).
59. Di Vito M.A., Isaia R., Orsi G., Southon J., de Vita S., D'Antonio M., Pappalardo L., and Piochi M. Volcanism and deformation in the past 12 ka at the Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy). J. Volacanol. Geotherm. Res. 91 (1999) 221-246
60. Dohm J.M., and Tanaka K.L. Geology of the Thaumasia region, Mars: plateau development, valley origins, and magmatic evolution. Planet. Space Sci. 47 (1999) 411-431
61. Dohm J.M., Anderson R.C., and Tanaka K.L. Digital structural mapping of Mars. Astron. Geophys. 39 3 (1998) 3.20-3.22
62. Dohm J.M., Ferris J.C., Baker V.R., Anderson R.C., Hare T.M., Strom R.G., Barlow N.G., Tanaka K.L., Klemaszewski J.E., and Scott D.H. Ancient drainage basin of the Tharsis region, Mars: potential source for outflow channel systems and putative oceans or paleolakes. J. Geophys. Res. 106 (2001) 32,943-32,958
63. Dohm J.M., Anderson R.C., Baker V.R., Ferris J.C., Rudd L.P., Hare T.M., Rice Jr. J.W., Casavant R.R., Strom R.G., Zimbelman J.R., and Scott D.H. Latent activity for western Tharsis, Mars: significant flood record exposed. J. Geophys. Res. 106 (2001) 12,301-12,314
64. Dohm, J.M., Tanaka, K.L., Hare, T.M., 2001c. Geologic map of the Thaumasia region of Mars. US Geol. Survey Map I-2650.
65. Dohm J.M., Maruyama S., Baker V.R., Anderson R.C., Ferris J.C., and Hare T.M. Plate tectonism on early Mars: diverse geological and geophysical evidence. Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf. XXXIII (2002) #1639 (abstract) (CD-ROM)
66. Dohm, J.M., Maruyama, S., Baker, V.R., Anderson, R.C., Ferris, J.C., Hare, T.M., 2002b. Evolution and traits of Tharsis superplume, Mars. Superplume International Workshop, Abstracts with Programs, Tokyo, pp. 406-410.
67. Dohm J.M., Ferris J.C., Barlow N.G., Baker V.R., Mahaney W.C., Anderson R.C., and Hare T.M. The Northwestern Slope Valleys (NSVs) region, Mars: a prime candidate site for the future exploration of Mars. Planet. Space Sci. 52 (2004) 189-198
68. Dohm, J.M., Baker, V.R., Maruyama, S., Anderson, R.C., 2007a. Traits and evolution of the Tharsis superplume, Mars. Yuen, D.A., Maruyama, S., Karato, S.-I., Windley, B.F., (Eds.), Springer, Berlin, pp. 523-537.
69. Dohm, J.M., Barlow, N.G., Anderson, R.C., Williams, J.-P., Miyamoto, H., Ferris, J.C., Strom, R.G., Taylor, G.J., Fairén, A.G., Baker, V.R., Boynton, W.V., Keller, J.M., Kerry, K., Janes, D., Rodríguez, A., Hare, T.M., 2007b. Possible ancient giant basin and related water enrichment in the Arabia Terra province, Mars. Icarus, doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2007.03.006.
70. Fairén A.G., and Dohm J.M. Age and origin of the lowlands of Mars. Icarus 168 (2004) 277-284
71. Fairén A.G., Dohm J.M., Baker V.R., de Pablo M.A., Ruiz J., Ferris J.C., and Anderson R.C. Episodic flood inundations of the northern plains of Mars. Icarus 165 (2003) 53-67
72. Fairén A.G., Fernández-Remolar D., Dohm J.M., Baker V.R., and Amils R. Inhibition of carbonate synthesis in acidic oceans on early Mars. Nature 431 (2004) 423-426
73. Fairén A.G., Dohm J.M., Uceda E.R., Rodriguez A.R., Baker V.R., Fernández-Remolar D., Schulze-Makuch D., and Amils R. Prime candidate sites for astrobiological exploration through the hydrogeological history of Mars. Planet. Space Sci. 53 (2005) 1355-1375
74. Feldman W.C., Boynton W.V., Tokar R.L., Prettyman T.H., Gasnault O., Squyres S.W., Elphic R.C., Lawrence D.J., Lawson S.L., Maurice S., McKinney G.W., Moore K.R., and Reedy R.C. Global distribution of neutrons from Mars: results from Mars Odyssey. Science 297 (2002) 75-78
75. Ferrill D.A., Wyrick D.Y., Morris A.P., Sims D.W., and Franklin N.M. Dilational fault slip and pit chain formation on Mars. GSA Today 14 (2004) 4-12
76. Ferris J.C., Dohm J.M., Baker V.R., and Maddock T. Dark slope streaks on Mars: are aqueous processes involved?. Geophys. Res. Lett. 29 (2002) 10.1029/2002GL014936
77. Fink W., Dohm J.M., Tarbell M.A., Hare T.M., and Baker V.R. Next-generation robotic planetary reconnaissance missions: a paradigm shift. Planet. Space Sci. 53 (2005) 1419-1426
78. Formisano V., Atreya S., Encrenaz T., Ignatiev N., and Giuranna M. Detection of methane in the atmosphere of Mars. Science 306 (2004) 1758-1761
79. Gendrin A., Mangold N., Bibring J.P., Langevin Y., Gondet B., Poulet F., Bonello G., Quantin C., Mustard J., Arvidson R., and LeMouelic S. Sulfates in martian layered terrains: the OMEGA/Mars express view. Science 307 (2005) 1587-1591
80. Glamoclija M., Garrel L., Berthon J., and López-García P. Biosignatures and bacterial diversity in hydrothermal deposits of Solfatara Crater, Italy. Geomicrobiol. J. 21 (2004) 529-541
81. Golden D.C., Ming D.W., and Morris R.V. Acid-sulfate vapor reactions with basaltic tephra: an analog for martian surface processes. Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf. XXXV (2004) 12 #1388 (abstract) (CD-ROM)
82. Golombek M.P. Geometry of stresses around Tharsis on Mars. Lunar Planet. Sci. XX (1989) 345-346 (abstract)
83. Golombek M.P., Banerdt W.B., Tanaka K.L., and Tralli D.M. A prediction of Mars seismicity from surface faulting. Science 258 (1992) 979-981
84. Golombek M.P., Moore H.J., Haldemann A.F.C., Parker T.J., and Schofield J.T. Assessment of Mars Pathfinder landing site predictions. J. Geophys. Res. 104 (1999) 8585-8594
85. Gomes R., Levison H.F., Tsiganis K., and Morbidelli A. Origin of the cataclysmic late heavy bombardment period of the terrestrial planets. Nature 435 (2005) 466-469
86. Greeley, R., Guest, J.E., 1987. Geologic map of the eastern equatorial region of Mars. USGS Misc. Inv. Ser. Map I-1802B (1:15,000,000).
87. Grott M., Kronberg P., Hauber E., and Cailleau B. Formation of the double rift system in the Thaumasia Highlands, Mars. J. Geophys. Res. 112 (2007) E06006 10.1029/2006JE002800
88. Gulick, V.C., 1993. Magmatic intrusions and hydrothermal systems: Implications for the formation of small martian valleys. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
89. Gulick V.C. Magmatic intrusions and a hydrothermal origin for fluvial valleys on Mars. J. Geophys. Res. 103 (1998) 19,365-19,387
90. Hartmann W.K., and Berman D.C. Elysium Planitia lava flows: crater count chronology and geological implications. J. Geophys. Res. 105 (2000) 15011-15025
91. Hartmann W.K., and Neukum G. Cratering chronology and the evolution of Mars. Space Sci. Rev. 96 (2001) 165-194
92. Hartmann W.K., Malin M.C., McEwen A., Carr M., Soderblom L., Thomas P., Danielson E., James P., and Veverka J. Recent volcanism on Mars from crater counts. Nature 397 (1999) 586-589
93. Hauck II S.A., and Phillips R.A. Thermal and crustal evolution of Mars. J. Geophys. Res. 107 E7 (2002) 5052 10.1029/2001JE001801
94. Head J.W., Mustard J.F., Kreslavsky M.A., Milliken R.E., and Marchant D.R. Recent ice ages on Mars. Nature 426 (2003) 797-802
95. Head J.W., Wilson L., and Mitchell K.L. Generation of recent massive water floods at Cerberus Fossae, Mars by dike emplacement, cryospheric cracking, and aquifer groundwater release. Geophys. Res. Lett. 30 11 (2003) 1577 10.1029/2003GL017135
96. Head J.W., Neukum G., Jaumann R., Hiesinger H., Hauber E., Carr M., Masson P., Foing B., Hoffmann H., Kreslavsky M., Werner S., Milkovich S., van Gasselt S., and HRSC Co-Investigator Team. Tropical to mid-latitude snow and ice accumulation, flow and glaciation on Mars. Nature 434 (2005) 346-351
97. Head J.W., Marchant D.R., Agnew M.C., Fassett C.I., and Kreslavsky M.A. Extensive valley glacier deposits in the northern mid-latitudes of Mars: evidence for Late Amazonian obliquity-driven climate change. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 241 (2006) 663-671
98. Head III J.W., Hiesinger H., Ivanov M.A., Kreslavsky M.A., Pratt S., and Thompson B.J. Possible ancient oceans on Mars: evidence from Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter data. Science 286 (1999) 2134-2137
99. Hurowitz J.A., McLennan S.M., Tosca N.J., Arvidson R.E., Michalski J.R., Ming D.W., Schröder C., and Squyres S.W. In situ and experimental evidence for acidic weathering of rocks and soils on Mars. J. Geophys. Res. 111 (2006) 10.1029/2005JE002515
100. Irwin III R.P., Maxwell T.A., Howard A.D., Craddock R.A., and Leverington D.W. A large paleolake basin at the head of Ma'Adim Vallis, Mars. Science 296 (2002) 2209-2212
101. Ivanov B.A. Mars/Moon cratering rate ratio estimates. In: Kallenbach R., Geiss J., and Hartmann W.K. (Eds). Chronology and Evolution of Mars (2001), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht 87-104
102. Jackson M.J., and Pollack H.N. On the sensitivity of parameterized convection to the rate of decay of internal heat sources. J. Geophys. Res. 89 B12 (1984) 10103-10108
103. Jaeger W.L., Keszthelyi L.P., McEwen A.S., Dundas C.M., and Russell P.S. Athabasca Valles, Mars: A lava-draped channel system. Science 317 (2007) 1709-1711
104. Jakosky B.M., and Carr M.H. Possible precipitation of ice at low latitudes of Mars during periods of high obliquity. Nature 315 (1985) 559-561
105. Jöns H.P. Arcuate ground undulations, gelifluxion-like features and "front tori" in the northern lowlands on Mars, what do they indicate? (abstract). Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf. XXVII (1986) 404-405
106. Kargel J.S., Baker V.R., Beget J.E., Lockwood J.F., Pewe T.L., Shaw J.S., and Strom R.G. Evidence of ancient continental glaciation in the martian northern plains. J. Geophys. Res. 100 (1995) 5351-5368
107. Karunatillake S.K., Squyres S.W., Taylor G.J., Keller J., Gasnault O., Evans L.G., Reedy R.C., Starr R., Boynton W., Janes D.M., Kerry K., Dohm J.M., Sprague A.L., and Hamara D. Composition of northern low-albedo regions of Mars: insights from the Mars Odyssey Gamma Ray Spectrometer. J. Geophys. Res. 111 (2006) E03S05 10.1029/2006JE002675
108. Keller J., Boynton W.V., Baker V.R., Dohm J.M., Evans L.G., Hamara D., Janes D., Karunatillake S., Kerry K., Reedy R.C., Squyres S.W., Starr R.D., Taylor J., and the GRS Team. Equatorial and midlatitude distribution of chlorine measured by Mars Odyssey GRS. J. Geophys. Res. 111 (2006) E03S08 10.1029/2006JE002679
109. Kiefer W.S. Melting in the martian mantle: Shergottite formation and implications for present-day mantle convection on Mars. Meteor. Planet. Sci. 38 12 (2003) 1815-1832
110. Klingelhöfer G., Morris R.V., Bernhardt B., Schröder C., Rodionov D.S., de Souza Jr. P.A., Yen A., Gellert R., Evlanov E.N., Zubkov B., Foh J., Bonnes U., Kankeleit E., Gütlich P., Ming D.W., Renz F., Wdowiak T., Squyres S.W., and Arvidson R.E. Jarosite and Hematite at Meridiani Planum from Opportunity's Mössbauer Spectrometer. Science 306 (2004) 1740-1745
111. Komatsu G., Dohm J.M., and Hare T.M. Hydrogeologic processes of large-scale tectono-magmatic complexes in Mongolia-southern Siberia and on Mars. Geology 32 (2004) 325-328
112. Krasnopolsky V.A. Some problems related to the origin of methane on Mars. Icarus 180 (2006) 359-367
113. Krasnopolshy V.A., Maillard J.P., and Owen T.C. Detection of methane in the marian atmosphere: evidence for life?. Icarus 172 (2004) 537-547
114. Kring D.A., and Cohen B.A. Cataclysmic bombardment throughout the inner solar system. J. Geophys. Res. 107 E2 (2002) 4-1-4-6
115. Kuzmin, R.O., Greeley, R., Landheim, R., Cabrol, N.A., Framer, J.D., 2004. Geologic map of the MTM-15182 and MTM-15187 quadrangles, Gusev Crater-Ma'adim Vallis region, Mars. US Geol. Survey Map I-2666.
116. Langevin Y., Poulet F., Bibring J.-P., and Gondet B. Sulfates in the North Polar region of Mars detected by OMEGA/Mars Express. Science 307 (2005) 1584-1586
117. Laskar J., and Robutel P. The chaotic obliquity of the planets. Nature 361 (1993) 608-612
118. Laskar J., Correia A.C.M., Gastineau M., Joutel F., Levard B., and Robutel P. Long term evolution and chaotic diffusion of the insolation quantities of Mars. Icarus 170 (2004) 343-364
119. Li Z.X., Li X.H., Kinny P.D., Wang J., Zhang S., and Zhou H. Geochronology of Neoproterozoic syn-rift magmatism in the Yangtze Craton, South China and correlations with other continents: evidence for a mantle superplume that broke up Rodinia. Precambrian Research 122 (2003) 85-109
120. Lucchitta B.K., Ferguson H.M., and Summers C. Sedimentary deposits in the northern lowland plains, Mars. J. Geophys. Res. 91 (1986) E166-E174
121. Lucchitta B.K., McEwen A.S., Clow G.D., Geissler P.E., Singer R.B., Schultz R.A., and Squyres S.W. The canyon system on Mars. Mars (1992), University of Arizona Press, Tucson 453-492
122. Malin M.C. Mars: evidence of indurated deposits of fine materials. NASA Conf. Pub. 2072 (1979) 54
123. Malin M.C., and Edgett K.S. Sedimentary rocks on early Mars. Science 290 (2000) 1927-1937
124. Márquez A., Fernández C., Anguita F., Farelo A., Anguita J., and de la Casa M.-A. New evidence for a volcanically, tectonically, and climatically active Mars. Icarus 172 (2004) 573-581
125. Maruyama S. Plume tectonics. J. Geol. Soc. Japan 100 (1994) 24-49
126. McEwen A.S., Preblich B.S., Turtle E.P., Artemieva N.A., Golombek M.P., Hurst M., Kirk R.L., Burr D.M., and Christensen P.R. The rayed crater Zunil and interpretations of small impact craters on Mars. Icarus 176 (2005) 351-381
127. McEwen, A.S., and 14 others, 2007. Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter's High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE). J. Geophys. Res. 112, doi:10.1029/2005JE002605.
128. McGill G.E. Age and origin of large martian polygons (abstract). Lunar. Planet. Sci. Conf. XVI (1985) 534-535
129. McGovern P.J., Solomon S.C., Smith D.E., Zuber M.T., Simons M., Wieczorek M.A., Phillips R.J., Neumann G.A., Aharonson O., and Head J.W. Localized gravity/topography admittance and correlation spectra on Mars: implications for regional and global evolution. J. Geophys. Res. 107 E12 (2002) 5136 10.1029/2002JE001854
130. McLennan S.M. Crustal heat production and the thermal evolution of Mars. Geophys. Res. Lett. 28 (2001) 4019-4022
131. McSween H.Y. What we have learned from Mars from SNC meteorites. Meteoritics 29 (1994) 757-779
132. McSween, H.Y., Treiman, A.H., 1998. Martian meteorites. In: Papike, J.J. (Ed.), Planetary Materials. Rev. Mineral. 36, pp. 6-1-6-46.
133. McSween Jr. H.Y. The rocks of Mars, from far and near. Meteor. Planet. Sci. 37 (2002) 7-25
134. Mège, D., Ernst, R.E., 2001. Contractional effects of mantle plumes on Earth, Mars, and Venus. In: Ernst, R.E., Buchan, K.L. (Eds.), Mantle plumes: their identification through time. Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap. 352, 103-140.
135. Melosh H.J. The rocky road to panspermia. Nature 332 (1988) 687-688
136. Milkovich S.M., Head J.W., and Marchant D.R. Debris-covered piedmont glaciers along the northwest flank of the Olympus Mons scarp: evidence for low-latitude ice accumulation during the Late Amazonian of Mars. Icarus 181 (2006) 388-407
137. 2 cycles: a general circulation model study with simplified volatile schemes. J. Geophys. Res. 108 (2003) 10.1029/2003JE002051
138. Mitchell K.L., and Wilson L. Mars: a geologically active planet. Astron. Geophys. 44 (2003) 4.16-4.20
139. Miyamoto H., Dohm J.M., Beyer R.A., and Baker V.R. Fluid dynamical implications of anastomosing slope streaks on Mars. J. Geophys. Res. 109 (2004) 10.1029/2003JE002234
140. Moore, H.J., 2001. Geologic map of the Tempe-Mareotis region of Mars. US Geol. Survey Map I-2727.
141. Morris, E.C., Tanaka, K.L., 1994. Geologic map of the Olympus Mons region of Mars. USGS Misc. Inv. Ser. Map I-2327.
142. Morris, E.C., Masursky, H., Applebee, D.J., Strobell, M.E., 1991. Geologic map of science study area 3, Olympus Rupes, Mars (special MTM 15132 quadrangle). USGS Misc. Inv. Ser. Map I-2001.
143. Mouginis-Mark P.J. Volcano/ground ice interactions in Elysium Planitia, Mars. Icarus 64 (1985) 265-284
144. Mouginis-Mark P.J. Recent water release in the Tharsis region of Mars. Icarus 84 (1990) 362-373
145. Mumma M.J., Novak R.E., DiSanti M.A., Bonev B.P., and Dello Russo N. Detection and mapping of methane and water on Mars. Bull. Am. Astron. Soc. 36 (2004) 11274
146. Murchie, S., 49 others, 2007. Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) on Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO). J. Geophys. Res. 112, doi:10.1029/2006JE002682.
147. Nakamura Y. Shallow moonquakes: are they comparable to earthquakes?. Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf. 11 (1980) 789-790
148. Nelson D.M., and Greeley R. Geology of Xanthe Terra outflow channels and the Mars Pathfinder landing site. J. Geophys. Res. 104 (1999) 8653-8669
149. Neukum G., Ivanov B.A., and Hartmann W.K. Cratering records in the inner solar system in relation to the lunar reference system. In: Kallenbach R., Geiss J., and Hartmann W.K. (Eds). Chronology and Evolution of Mars (2001), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht 55-86
150. Neukum G., Jaumann R., Hoffmann H., Hauber E., Head J.W., Basilevsky A.T., Ivanov B.A., Werner S.C., van Gasselt S., Murray J.B., and McCord T. The HRSC Co-Investigator Team, Recent and episodic volcanic and glacial activity on Mars revealed by the High Resolution Stereo Camera. Nature 432 (2004) 971-979
151. Nimmo F., and Stevenson D.J. Estimates of martian crustal thickness from viscous relaxation of topography. J. Geophys. Res. 106 (2001) 5085-5098
152. Nimmo F., and Tanaka K. Early crustal evolution of Mars. Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. (2005) 133-161
153. Nyquist L.E., Bogard D.D., Shih C.Y., Greshake A., Stöffler D., and Eugster O. Ages and geologic histories of martian meteorites. In: Kallenbach R., Geiss J., and Hartmann W.K. (Eds). Chronology and Evolution of Mars (2001), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht 105-164
154. Onstott T.C., McGown D., Kessler J., Sherwood Lollar B., Lehmann K.K., and Clifford S.M. Martian CH4: sources, flux, and detection. Astrobiology 6 (2006) 377-395
155. Orsi G., De Vita S., and Di Vito M. The restless, resurgent Campi Flegrei nested caldera (Italy): constrains on its evolution and configuration. J. Vulcanol. Geotherm. Res. 74 (1996) 179-214
156. Parker, T.J., Schneeberger, D.M., Pieri, D.C., Saunders, R.S., 1987. Geomorphic evidence for ancient seas on Mars. In: Symposium on Mars: Evolution of its Climate and Atmosphere. LPI Technical Report 87-01, pp. 96-98.
157. Parker T.J., Gorsline D.S., Saunders R.S., Pieri D.C., and Schneeberger D.M. Coastal geomorphology of the martian northern plains. J. Geophys. Res. 98 (1993) 11061-11078
158. Pieri D.C. Distribution of small channels on the martian surface. Icarus 27 (1976) 25-50
159. Plescia J.B., and Saunders R.S. Tectonic history of the Tharsis region, Mars. J. Geophys. Res. 87 (1982) 9775-9791
160. Plescia J.B. Cerberus Fossae, Elysium, Mars: a source for lava and water. Icarus 164 (2003) 79-95
161. Plescia, J.B., Roth, L.E., Saunders, R.S., 1980. Tectonic features of southeast Tharsis. In: Reports of Planetary Geology Program, NASA Tech. Memo. 81776, pp. 68-70.
162. Pollack J.B., Kasting J.F., Richardson S.M., and Poliakoff K. The case for a wet, warm climate on early Mars. Icarus 71 (1987) 203-224
163. Poulet F., Bibring J.-P., Mustard J.F., Gendrin A., Mangold N., Langevin Y., Arvidson R.E., Gondet B., Gomez C., and the OMEGA Team. Phyllosilicates on Mars and implications for the Early Mars History. Nature 481 (2005) 623-627
164. Prieto-Ballesteros O., Kargel J.S., Fairén A.G., Fernández-Remolar D., Dohm J.M., and Amils R. Interglacial clathrate destabilization on Mars: possible contributing source of its atmospheric methane. Geology 4 (2006) 49-152
165. Rice Jr., J.R., DeHon, R.A., 1996. Geologic map of the Darvel Quadrangle (MTM 20052), Maja Valles region of Mars. USGS Misc. Inv. Ser. Map I-2432 (1:500,000).
166. Richardson M.I., and Mischna M.A. Long-term evolution of transient liquid water on Mars. J. Geophys. Res. 110 (2005) E03003 10.1029/2004JE002367
167. Rieder R., Gellert R., Anderson R.C., Brückner J., Clark B.C., Dreibus G., Economou T., Klingelhöfer G., Lugmair G.W., Ming D.W., Squyres S.W., d'Uston C., Wänke H., Yen A., and Zipfel J. Chemistry of rocks and soils at Meridiani Planum from the Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer. Science 306 (2004) 1746-1749
168. Rifkin M.K., and Mustard J.F. Global distribution of unique surface processes imaged by the Mars Orbital Camera. Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf. (CD-ROM) XXXII (2001) abstract 1698
169. Robinson M.S., Mouginis-Mark P.J., Zimbelman J.R., Wu S.S.C., Ablin K.K., and Howington-Kraus A.E. Chronology, eruption duration, and atmospheric contribution of the martian volcano, Apollinaris patera. Icarus 104 (1993) 301-323
170. Rosi M., and Sbrana A. The Phlegraean Fields, CNR. Quad. Ric. Sci. 114 (1987) 175
171. Rotto, S.L., Tanaka, K.L., 1995. Geologic/geomorphologic map of the Chryse Planitia region of Mars. USGS Misc. Inv. Ser. Map I-2441 (1:5,000,000).
172. Russell P.S., and Head J.W. Elysiim-Utopia flows as mega-lahars: a model of dike intrusion, cryosphere cracking, and water-sediment release. J. Geophys. Res. 108 (2003) 10.1029/2002JE001995
173. Schorghofer N., Aharonson O., and Khatiwala S. Slope streaks on Mars: correlations with surface properties and the potential role of water. Geophys. Res. Lett. 29 (2002) 10.1029/2002GL015889
174. Schott B., van den Berg A.P., and Yuen D.A. Focused time-dependent martian volcanism from chemical differentiation coupled with variable thermal conductivity. Geophys. Res. Lett. 28 (2001) 4271-4274
175. Schubert G., Solomon S.C., Turcotte D.L., Drake M.J., and Sleep H.N. Origin and thermal evolution of Mars. In: Kieffer H.H., et al. (Ed). Mars (1992), The University of Arizona Press 147-183
176. Schultz P.H., and Lutz A.B. Polar wandering on Mars. Icarus 73 (1988) 91-141
177. Schultz R.A., and Tanaka K.L. Lithospheric buckling and thrust structures on Mars: the Coprates rise and south Tharsis ridge belt. J. Geophys. Res. 99 (1994) 8371-8385
178. Schulze-Makuch D., and Irwin L.N. Energy cycling and hypothetical organisms in Europa's ocean. Astrobiology 2 (2002) 105-121
179. Schulze-Makuch D., and Irwin L.N. Life in the Universe: Expectations and Constraints (2004), Springer, Berlin, New York
180. Schulze-Makuch D., Dohm J.M., Fairén A.G., Baker V.R., Fink W., and Strom R.G. Venus, Mars, and the ices on Mercury and the Moon: astrobiological implications and proposed mission designs. Astrobiology 5 (2005) 778-795
181. Schulze-Makuch D., Irwin L.N., Lipps J.H., LeMone D., Dohm J.M., and Fairén A.G. Scenarios for the evolution of life on Mars. J. Geophys. Res. 110 (2005) E12S23 10.1029/2005JE002430
182. Schulze-Makuch D., Dohm J.M., Fan C., Fairén A.G., Rodriguez J.A.P., Baker V.R., and Fink W. Exploration of hydrothermal targets on Mars. Icarus 189 (2007) 308-324
183. Scott, D.H., 1993. Geologic map of the MTM 25057 and 25052 quadrangles, Kasei Valles region of Mars. USGS Misc. Inv. Ser. I-Map 2208 (1:500,000).
184. Scott, D.H., Chapman, M.G., 1991. Geologic map of science study area 6, Memnonia region of Mars (MTM-10172). USGS Misc. Inv. Ser. Map I-2084 (1:500,000).
185. Scott, D.H., Dohm, J.M., 1990a. Faults and ridges: Historical development in Tempe Terra and Ulysses Patera regions of Mars. In: Proceedings of the 20th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Part 2: Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, March 13-17, 1989, pp. 503-513.
186. Scott, D.H., Dohm, J.M., 1990b. Chronology and global distribution of fault and ridge systems on Mars. In: Proceedings of the 20th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Part 2: Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, March 13-17, 1989, pp. 487-501.
187. Scott D.H., and Dohm J.M. Mars Structural Geology and Tectonics: Encyclopedia of Planetary Sciences (1997), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York pp. 461-463
188. Scott D.H., and Tanaka K.L. Ignimbrites of the Amazonis Planitia region of Mars. J. Geophys. Res. 87 (1982) 1179-1190
189. Scott, D.H., Tanaka, K.L., 1986. Geologic map of the western equatorial region of Mars. USGS Misc. Inv. Ser. Map I-1802-A (1:15,000,000).
190. Scott, D.H., Zimbelman, J.R., 1995. Geologic map of Arsia Mons volcano, Mars, USGS Misc. Inv. Ser. Map I-2480 (1:1,000,000).
191. Scott, D.H., Dohm, J.M., Applebee, D.J., 1993. Geologic map of science study area 8, Apollinaris Patera region of Mars. USGS Misc. Inv. Ser. Map I-2351 (1:500,000).
192. Scott, D.H., Dohm, J.M., Rice Jr., J.W., 1995. Map of Mars showing channels and possible paleolake basins. USGS Misc. Inv. Ser. Map I-2461 (1:30,000,000).
193. Scott, D.H., Dohm, J.M., Zimbelman, J.R., 1998. Geologic map of Pavonis Mons volcano, Mars. USGS Misc. Inv. Ser. Map I-2561 (1:1,000,000).
194. Segura T.L., Toon O.B., Colaprete A., and Zahnle K. Environmental effects of large impacts on Mars. Science 298 (2002) 1977-1980
195. Shean D.E., Head J.W., and Marchant D.R. Origin and evolution of a cold-based tropical mountain glacier on Mars: the Pavonis Mons fan-shaped deposit. J. Geophys. Res. 110 (2005) 10.1029/2004JE002360
196. Sleep N.H. Martian plate tectonics. J. Geophys. Res. 99 (1994) 5,639-5,655
197. Sleep N.H. Evolution of the mode of convection within terrestrial planets. J. Geophys. Res. 105 (2000) 17,563-17,578
198. Smith M.D., Bandfield J.L., Christensen P.R., and Richardson M.L. Thermal Emission Imaging system (THEMIS) infrared observations of atmospheric dust and water ice cloud optical depth. J. Geophys. Res. 108 (2003) 5515 10.1029/2003JE002115
199. Solomon S.C., and Head J.W. Evolution of the Tharsis province of Mars: the importance of heterogeneous lithospheric thickness and volcanic construct. J. Geophys. Res. 87 (1982) 9755-9774
200. Solomon, S.C., Anderson, D.L., Banerdt, W.B., Butler, R.G., Davis, P.M., Dunnebier, F.K., Nakamura, Y., Okal, E.A., Phillips, R.J., 1991. Scientific rationale and requirements for a global seismic network on Mars. Tech. Rep. No. 91-02, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX.
201. Solomon S.C., Aharonson O., Aurnou J.M., Banerdt W.B., Carr M.H., Dombard A.J., Frey H.V., Golombek M.P., Hauck II S.A., Head III J.W., Jakosky B.M., Johnson C.L., McGovern P.J., Neumann G.A., Phillips R.J., Smith D.E., and Zuber M.T. New perspectives on ancient Mars. Science 307 (2005) 1214-1220
202. Spohn T. Mantle differentiation and thermal evolution of Mars, Mercury, and Venus. Icarus 90 (1991) 222-236
203. Squyres S.W., Grotzinger J.P., Arvidson R.E., Bell III J.F., Calvin W., Christensen P.R., Clark B.C., Crisp J.A., Farrand W.H., Herkenhoff K.E., Johnson J.R., Klingelhöfer G., Knoll A.H., McLennan S.M., McSween Jr. H.Y., Morris R.V., Rice Jr. J.W., Rieder R., and Soderblom L.A. In situ evidence for an ancient aqueous environment at Meridiani Planum, Mars. Science 306 (2004) 1709
204. Stevenson D.J. Mars' core and magnetism. Nature 412 (2001) 214-219
205. Strom R.G., Malhotra R., Ito T., Yoshida F., and Kring D.A. The origin of planetary impactors in the inner solar system. Science 309 (2005) 1847-1850
206. Sullivan R., Thomas P., Veverka J., Malin M., and Edgett K.S. Mass movement slope streaks imaged by the Mars Orbiter Camera. J. Geophys. Res. 106 (2001) 23,607-23,633
207. Swindle T.D., Treiman A.H., Lindstrom D.J., Burkland M.K., Cohen B.A., Grier J.A., Li B., and Olson E.K. Noble gases in iddingsite from the Lafayette meteorite: evidence for liquid water on Mars in the last few hundred million years. Meteor. Planet. Sci. 35 (2000) 107-115
208. Tanaka K.L. The stratigraphy of Mars. Proceedings of the 17th Lunar Planetary Science Conference, Part 1, J. Geophys. Res 91 (1986) E139-E158
209. Tanaka K.L., and Davis P.A. Tectonic history of the Syria Planum province of Mars. J. Geophys. Res. 93 (1988) 14,893-14,917
210. Tanaka K.L., Golombek M.P., and Banerdt W.B. Reconciliation of stress and structural histories of the Tharsis region of Mars. J. Geophys. Res. 96 (1991) 15,617-15,633
211. Tanaka, K.L., Chapman, M., Scott, D.H., 1992. Geologic map of the Elysium region of Mars. USGS Misc. Inv. Ser. Map I-2147 (1:5,000,000).
212. Tanaka K.L., Dohm J.M., Lias J.H., and Hare T.M. Erosional valleys in the Thaumasia region of Mars: hydrothermal and seismic origins. J. Geophys. Res. 103 (1998) 31,407-31,419
213. Tanaka K.L., Skinner J.A., Hare T.M., Joyal T., and Wenker A. Resurfacing history of the northern plains of Mars based on geologic mapping of Mars Global Surveyor data. J. Geophys. Res. 108 (2003) 12 10.1029/2002JE001908
214. Tanaka, K.L., Skinner Jr., J.A., Hare, T.M., 2005. Geologic map of the northern plains of Mars. USGS Misc. Inv. Ser. Map SIM-2888, scale 1:15,000,000.
215. Taylor G.J., Boynton W., Brückner J., Wänke H., Dreibus G., Kerry K., Keller J., Reedy R., Evans L., Starr R., Squyres S., Karunatillake S., Gasnault O., Maurice S., d'Uston C., Englert P., Dohm J.M., Baker V., Hamara D., Janes D., Sprague A., Kim K., and Drake D. Bulk composition and early differentiation of Mars. J. Geophys. Res. 111 (2006) E03S10 10.1029/2005JE002645
216. Tosca N.J., McLennan S.M., Lindsley D.H., and Schoonen M.A.A. Acid-sulfate weathering of synthetic martian basalt: the acid fog model revisited. J. Geophys. Res. 109 E05003 (2004)
217. Touma J., and Wisdom J. The chaotic obliquity of Mars. Science 259 (1993) 1294-1296
218. Valentino G.M., Cortecci G., Franco E., and Stanzione D. Chemical and isotopic compositions of minerals and waters from Campi Flegrei volcanic system, Naples, Italy. J. Volc. Geoth. Res. 91 (1999) 329-344
219. Wang, A., Bell III, J., Li, R., Johnson, J.R., Farrand, W., Arvidson, R.E., Crumpler, L., Squyres, S.W., Herkenhoff, K., Knudson, A., Chen, W., Athena team, 2007. Sulfate-rich soils exposed by Spirit rover at multiple locations in Gusev Crater on Mars. In: Seventh International Conference on Mars, #3348 (abstract).
220. Wänke H., and Dreibus G. Chemistry and accretion history of Mars. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London A 349 (1994) 285-293
221. Wänke H., Brückner J., Dreibus G., Rieder R., and Ryabchikov I. Chemical composition of rocks and soils at the Pathfinder site. Space Sci. Rev. 96 (2001) 317-330
222. Watson E.B., and Harrison T.M. Zircon thermometer reveals minimum melting conditions on earliest Earth. Science 308 (2005) 841-844
223. Wieczorek M.A., and Zuber M.T. The thickness of the martian crust: improved constraits from geoid-to-topography ratios. J. Geophys. Res. 109 (2004) E01009 10.1029/2003JE002153
224. Wise D.U., Golombek M.P., and McGill G.E. Tharsis province of Mars: geologic sequence, geometry, and a deformation mechanism. Icarus 38 (1979) 456-472
225. Wohletz K., Orsi G., and de Vita S. Eruptive mechanisms of the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff interpreted from stratigraphic, chemical and granulometric data. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 67 (1995) 263-290
226. Wyrick D., Ferrill D.A., Morris A.P., Colton S.L., and Sims D.W. Distribution, morphology, and origins of martian pit crater chains. J. Geophys. Res. 109 (2004) E06005 10.1029/2004JE002240
227. Zimbelman, J.R., Craddock, R.A., Greeley, R., 1994. Geologic map of the MTM -15147 quadrangle, Mangala Valles region of Mars. USGS Misc. Inv. Ser. Map I-2402 (1:500,000).
228. Zuber M.T. The crust and mantle of Mars. Nature 412 (2001) 220-227
229. Zuber M.T., Solomon S.C., Phillips R.J., Smith D.E., Tyler G.L., Aharonson O., Balmino G., Banerdt W.B., Head J.W., Johnson C.L., Lemoine F.G., McGovern P.J., Neumann G.A., Rowlands D.D., and Zhong S. Internal structure and early thermal evolution of Mars from Mars Global Surveyor topography and gravity. Science 287 (2000) 1788-1793