Possible ancient oceans on Mars: Evidence from Mars orbiter laser altimeter data

Science

Volumn 286, Issue 5447, 1999, Pages 2134-2137

  Head III, James W ^a   Hiesinger, Harald ^a   Ivanov, Mikhail A ^a,b   Kreslavsky, Mikhail A ^a,c   Pratt, Stephen ^a   Thomson, Bradley J ^a  

^a BROWN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b VERNADSKY INSTITUTE OF GEOCHEMISTRY AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY   (Russian Federation)

^c V N KARAZIN KHARKIV NATIONAL UNIVERSITY   (Ukraine)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

MARS; OCEAN BASIN; WATER MASS;

ARTICLE; ASTRONOMY; CLIMATE; GEOLOGY; LASER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEA; TOPOGRAPHY;

EVOLUTION, PLANETARY; EXTRATERRESTRIAL ENVIRONMENT; MARS; OCEANS AND SEAS; WATER;

EID: 0032804660     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.286.5447.2134     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. M. H. Carr, Water on Mars (Oxford Univ. Press, New York, 1996).
2. V. R. Baker et al., in Mars, H. H. Kieffer, B. M. Jakosky, C. W. Snyder, M. S. Matthews, Eds. (Univ. of Arizona Press, Tucson, AZ, 1992), pp. 493-522.
3. S. W. Squyres et al., in Mars, H. H. Kieffer, B. M. Jakosky, C. W. Snyder, M. S, Matthews, Eds. (Univ. of Arizona Press, Tucson, AZ, 1992), pp. 523-554.
4. P. Thomas et al., in Mars, H. H. Kieffer, B. M. Jakosky, C. W. Snyder, M. S. Matthews, Eds. (Univ. of Arizona Press, Tucson, AZ, 1992), pp. 767-795.
5. K. L. Tanaka and D. H. Scott, U.S. Geol. Surv. Misc. Invest. Ser. Map 1-1802-C (1987).
6. D. H. Scott et al., U.S. Geol. Surv. Misc. Invest. Ser. Map 1-2461 (1995); D. H. Scott et al., Proc. Lunar Planet. Sci. 22, 53 (1992).
7. D. H. Scott et al., U.S. Geol. Surv. Misc. Invest. Ser. Map 1-2461 (1995); D. H. Scott et al., Proc. Lunar Planet. Sci. 22, 53 (1992).
8. T. J. Parker et al., Icarus 82, 111 (1989).
9. T. J. Parker et al., J. Geophys. Res. 98, 11061 (1993).
10. V. R. Baker et al., Nature 352, 589 (1991).
11. S. Clifford and T. J. Parker, Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf. 30, 1619 (1999).
12. D. E. Smith et al., Science 279, 1686 (1998).
13. O. Aharonson, Geophys. Res. Lett. 25, 4413 (1998); M. A. Kreslavsky and J. W. Head, J. Geophys. Res. 104, 21911 (1999).
14. O. Aharonson, Geophys. Res. Lett. 25, 4413 (1998); M. A. Kreslavsky and J. W. Head, J. Geophys. Res. 104, 21911 (1999).
15. M. T. Zuber et al., Science 282, 2053 (1998).
16. J. Garvin et al., Geophys. Res. Lett. 26, 381 (1999).
17. D. E. Smith et al., Science 284, 1495 (1999).
18. J. W. Head et al., Geophys. Res. Lett. 25, 4401 (1998).
19. R. Greeley and J. E. Guest, U.S. Geol. Surv. Misc. Invest. Ser. Map 1-1802-B (1987); D. H. Scott and K. L. Tanaka, U.S. Geol. Surv. Misc. Invest. Ser. Map 1-1802-A (1986); K. L. Tanaka et al., U.S. Geol. Surv. Misc. Invest. Ser. Map 1-2147 (1992).
20. R. Greeley and J. E. Guest, U.S. Geol. Surv. Misc. Invest. Ser. Map 1-1802-B (1987); D. H. Scott and K. L. Tanaka, U.S. Geol. Surv. Misc. Invest. Ser. Map 1-1802-A (1986); K. L. Tanaka et al., U.S. Geol. Surv. Misc. Invest. Ser. Map 1-2147 (1992).
21. R. Greeley and J. E. Guest, U.S. Geol. Surv. Misc. Invest. Ser. Map 1-1802-B (1987); D. H. Scott and K. L. Tanaka, U.S. Geol. Surv. Misc. Invest. Ser. Map 1-1802-A (1986); K. L. Tanaka et al., U.S. Geol. Surv. Misc. Invest. Ser. Map 1-2147 (1992).
22. W. B. Banerdt et al., in Mars, H. H. Kieffer, B. M. Jakosky, C. W. Snyder, M. S. Matthews, Eds. (Univ. of Arizona Press, Tucson, AZ, 1992), pp. 249-297.
23. M. T. Zuber and D. E. Smith, J. Geophys. Res. 102, 28673 (1997).
24. B. K. Lucchitta et al., J. Geophys. Res. 91 (suppl. B13), 166 (1986).
25. G. E. McGill, Geophys. Res. Lett. 13, 705 (1986).
26. M. H. Carr et al., J. Geophys. Res. 82, 4055 (1977).
27. R. Kuzmin et al., Solar Syst. Res. 22, 195 (1988).
28. G. E. McGill, J. Geophys. Res. 94, 2753 (1989).
29. H. Masursky et al. J. Geophys. Res. 82, 4016 (1977).
30. S. Rotto and K. L. Tanaka, U.S. Geol. Surv. Misc. Invest. Ser. Map 1-2441 (1995); K. L. Tanaka, J. Geophys. Res. 102, 4131 (1997).
31. S. Rotto and K. L. Tanaka, U.S. Geol. Surv. Misc. Invest. Ser. Map 1-2441 (1995); K. L. Tanaka, J. Geophys. Res. 102, 4131 (1997).
32. M. A. Ivanov and J. W. Head, in Fifth International Conference on Mars (Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX, 1999), abstract 6176 [CD-ROM].
33. E. C. Bird, Coasts (MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1969); P. D. Komar, Beach Processes and Sedimentation (Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1976).
34. E. C. Bird, Coasts (MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1969); P. D. Komar, Beach Processes and Sedimentation (Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1976).
35. B. J. Thomson and J. W. Head, Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf. 30, 1894 (1999).
36. M. Malin and K. Edgett, Geophys. Res. Lett. 26, 3049 (1999).
37. H. Y. McSween, Int. Geol. Rev. 40, 774 (1998); P. Warren, J. Geophys. Res. 103, 16759 (1998).
38. H. Y. McSween, Int. Geol. Rev. 40, 774 (1998); P. Warren, J. Geophys. Res. 103, 16759 (1998).
39. T. A. Mutch et al., Science 193, 791 (1976); T. A. Mutch et al., Science 194, 1277 (1976); M. Golombek et al., Science 278, 1743 (1997).
40. T. A. Mutch et al., Science 193, 791 (1976); T. A. Mutch et al., Science 194, 1277 (1976); M. Golombek et al., Science 278, 1743 (1997).
41. T. A. Mutch et al., Science 193, 791 (1976); T. A. Mutch et al., Science 194, 1277 (1976); M. Golombek et al., Science 278, 1743 (1997).
42. A. Banin et al., in Mars, H. H. Kieffer, B. M. Jakosky, C. W. Snyder, M. S. Matthews, Eds. (Univ. of Arizona Press, Tucson, AZ, 1992), pp. 594-625; H. Y. McSween et al., J. Geophys. Res. 104, 8679 (1999).
43. A. Banin et al., in Mars, H. H. Kieffer, B. M. Jakosky, C. W. Snyder, M. S. Matthews, Eds. (Univ. of Arizona Press, Tucson, AZ, 1992), pp. 594-625; H. Y. McSween et al., J. Geophys. Res. 104, 8679 (1999).
44. We gratefully acknowledge the MOLA instrument team and the MGS spacecraft and operation teams at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and Lockheed-Martin Astronautics for providing the engineering foundation that enabled this analysis. This effort was supported by MOLA (NASA Mars Global Surveyor Project) and NASA grant NAG5-8283.