Profound effect of study design factors on ventilator-associated pneumonia incidence of prevention studies: Benchmarking the literature experience

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Volumn 61, Issue 5, 2008, Pages 1154-1161

  Hurley, James C ^a,b,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE   (Australia)

^b ST JOHN OF GOD HOSPITAL   (Australia)

^c BALLARAT HEALTH SERVICES   (Australia)

Author keywords

Antimicrobial prophylaxis; Cross infection; Funnel plots

Indexed keywords

ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT;

ARTICLE; COHORT ANALYSIS; CONTROLLED STUDY; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; INTERVENTION STUDY; METHODOLOGY; PREVENTION STUDY; QUALITY CONTROL; SAMPLE SIZE; STATISTICAL DISTRIBUTION; VALIDATION STUDY; VENTILATOR ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA;

ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS; BENCHMARKING; CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; PNEUMONIA, VENTILATOR-ASSOCIATED; RESEARCH DESIGN; RESPIRATION, ARTIFICIAL;

EID: 42149109035     PISSN: 03057453     EISSN: 14602091     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkn086     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. George DL. Epidemiology of nosocomial ventilator-associated pneumonia. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1993; 14: 163-9.
2. Cook DJ, Kollef MH. Risk factors for ICU-acquired pneumonia. JAMA 1998; 279: 1605-6.
3. Chastre J, Fagon JY. Ventilator-associated pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002; 165: 867-903.
4. Bergmans DCJJ, Bonten MJM. Nosocomial pneumonia. In: Mayhall CG, ed. Hospital Epidemiology and Infection Control, 3rd edn. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2004; 311-39.
5. Safdar N, Dezfulian C, Collard HR et al. Clinical and economic consequences of ventilator-associated pneumonia: A systematic review. Crit Care Med 2005; 33: 2184-93.
6. Cook DJ, Laine LA, Guyatt GH et al. Nosocomial pneumonia and the role of gastric pH. A meta-analysis. Chest 1991; 100: 7-13.
7. Messori A, Trippoli S, Vaiani M et al. Bleeding and pneumonia in intensive care patients given ranitidine and sucralfate for prevention of stress ulcer: Meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ 2000; 321: 1103-6.
8. Ho KM, Dobb GJ, Webb SA. A comparison of early gastric and post-pyloric feeding in critically ill patients: A meta-analysis. Intensive Care Med 2006; 32: 639-49.
9. Marik PE, Zaloga GP. Gastric versus post-pyloric feeding: A systematic review. Crit Care 2003; 7: R46-51.
10. Cook D, De Jonghe B, Brochard L et al. Influence of airway management on ventilator-associated pneumonia: Evidence from randomized trials. JAMA 1998; 279: 781-7.
11. Delaney A, Gray H, Laupland KB et al. Kinetic bed therapy to prevent nosocomial pneumonia in mechanically ventilated patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Care 2006; 10: R70.
12. Dezfulian C, Shojania K, Collard HR et al. Subglottic secretion drainage for preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia: A meta-analysis. Am J Med 2005; 118: 11-8.
13. Kola A, Eckmanns T, Gastmeier P. Efficacy of heat and moisture exchangers in preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Intensive Care Med 2005; 31 5-11.
14. Marik PE, Fink MP. One good turn deserves another! Crit Care Med 2002; 30: 2146-8.
15. Vonberg RP, Eckmanns T, Welte T et al. Impact of the suctioning system (open vs. closed) on the incidence of ventilation-associated pneumonia: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Intensive Care Med 2006; 32: 1329-35.
16. Goldhill DR, Imhoff M, McLean B et al. Rotational bed therapy to prevent and treat respiratory complications: A review and meta-analysis. Am J Crit Care 2007; 16: 50-61.
17. Jongerden IP, Rovers MM, Grypdonck MH et al. Open and closed andotracheal suction systems in mechanically ventilated intensive care patients: A meta-analysis. Crit Care Med 2007; 35: 260-70.
18. Niel-Weise BS, Snoeran RL, van den Broek PJ. Policies for endotracheal suctioning of patients receiving mechanical ventilation: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2007; 28: 531-6.
19. Niel-Weise BS, Wille JC, van den Broek PJ. Humidification policies for mechanically ventilated intensive care patients and prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. J Hosp Infect 2007; 65: 285-91.
20. Siempos II, Vardakas KZ, Kopterides P et al. Impact of passive humidification on clinical outcomes of mechanically ventilated patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Crit Care Med 2007; 35: 2843-51.
21. Falagas ME, Siempos II, Bliziotis IA et al. Administration of antibiotics via the respiratory tract for the prevention of ICU-acquired pneumonia: A meta-analysis of comparative trials. Crit Care 2006; 10: R123.
22. Hurley JC. Prophylaxis with enteral antibiotics in ventilated patients: selective decontamination or selective cross-infection? Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1995; 39: 941-7.
23. Liberati A, D'Amico R, Pifferi S et al. Antibiotic prophylaxis to reduce respiratory tract infections and mortality in adults receiving intensive care. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004; CD000022.
24. Kollef MH. The role of selective digestive tract decontamination on mortality and respiratory tract infections. A meta-analysis. Chest 1994; 105: 1101-8.
25. Vandenbroucke-Grauls CM, Vandenbroucke JP. Effect of selective decontamination of the digestive tract on respiratory tract infections and mortality in the intensive care unit. Lancet 1991; 338: 859-62.
26. Chan EY, Ruest A, Meade MO et al. Oral decontamination for prevention of pneumonia in mechanically ventilated adults: Systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 2007; 334: 889-900.
27. Siempos II, Falagas ME. Oral decontamination with chlorhexidine reduces the incidence of nosocomial pneumonia. Crit Care 2007; 11: 402.
28. Chlebicki MP, Safdar N. Topical chlorhexidine for prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia: A meta-analysis. Crit Care Med 2007; 35: 595-602.
29. Merrer J, Santoll F, Appere de Vacchi C et al. 'Colonization pressure' and risk of acquisition of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a medical intensive care unit. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2000; 21: 718-23.
30. Bonten MJ, Slaughter S, Ambergen AW et al. The role of 'colonization pressure' in the spread of vancomycin-resistant enterococci: An important infection control variable. Arch Intern Med 1998; 158: 1127-32.
31. Hurley J. Selective decontamination of the digestive tract. Consider cross-infection of Staphylococcus aureus? Chest 1996; 110: 1625-6.
32. Lund B, Agvald-Ohman C, Hultherg A et al. Frequent transmission of enterococcal strains between mechanically ventilated patients treated at an intensive care unit. J Clin Microbiol 2002; 40: 2084-8.
33. Hurley JC. Inapparent outbreaks of ventilador-associated pneumonia: An ecologic analysis of prevention and cohort studies. Infect Control Hosp Epiodemiol 2005; 26: 374-90.
34. Weist K, Pollege K, Schulz I et al. How many nosocomial infections are associated with cross-transmission? A prospective cohort study ina surgical intensive care unit. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2002; 23: 127-32.
35. Grundmann H, Barwolff S, Tami A et al. How many infections are caused by patient-to-patient transmission in Intensive cam units? Crit Care Med 2005; 33: 946-51.
36. Sterne JA, Egger M. Funnel plots for detecting bias in meta-analysis: guidelines on choice of axis. J Clin Epidemiol 200l; 54: 1046-55.
37. Spiegelhalter DJ. Funnel plots for comparing institutional performance. Stat Med 2005; 24: 1185-202.
38. Spiegelhalter DJ. Handling over-dispersion of performance indicators. Qual Saf Health Care 2006; 14: 347-51.
39. Spiegelhalter DJ. Problems in assessing rates of infection with methicillin resistant Stphylococcus aureus. BMJ 2005; 331: 1013-5.
40. Mohammed MA, Chang KK, Rouse A et al. Bristol, Shipman, and clinical governance: Shewhart's forgotten lessons. Lancet 2001; 357: 463-7.
41. Klompas M, Platt R. Ventilator-associated pneumonia - the wrong quality measure for benchmarking. Ann Intern Med 2007; 147: 803-5.
42. DerSimonian R, Levine RJ. Resolving discrepancies between a meta-analysis and a subsequent large controlled trial. JAMA 1999; 282: 664-70.