A discriminating messenger RNA signature for bipolar disorder formed by an aberrant expression of inflammatory genes in monocytes

Archives of General Psychiatry

Volumn 65, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 395-407

  Padmos, Roos C ^a   Hillegers, Manon H J ^b   Knijff, Esther M ^a   Vonk, Ronald ^d   Bouvy, Anne ^a   Staal, Frank J T ^a   De Ridder, Dick ^e   Kupka, Ralph W ^c   Nolen, Willem A ^f   Drexhage, Hemmo A ^a  

^a ERASMUS MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^b UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER UTRECHT   (Netherlands)

^c Altrecht Institute for Mental Health Care   (Netherlands)

^d REINIER VAN ARKEL GROUP   (Netherlands)

^e DELFT UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Netherlands)

^f UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER GRONINGEN   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; BENZODIAZEPINE DERIVATIVE; BIOLOGICAL MARKER; CARBAMAZEPINE; LAMOTRIGINE; LEVOTHYROXINE SODIUM; LITHIUM CARBONATE; MESSENGER RNA; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE; NEUROLEPTIC AGENT; VALPROIC ACID;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; ATF3 GENE; BCL2A1 GENE; BIPOLAR DISORDER; CCL2 GENE; CCL20 GENE; CCL7 GENE; CCR2 GENE; CDC42 GENE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; CXCL2 GENE; DUSP2 GENE; EMP1 GENE; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; GENE; GENE EXPRESSION; GENETIC RISK; HUMAN; IL1B GENE; IL6 GENE; INFLAMMATION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MAPK6 GENE; MONOCYTE; MOOD DISORDER; NAB2 GENE; NETHERLANDS; PDE4B GENE; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PROGENY; PTGS2 GENE; PTX3 GENE; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; RESEARCH; SCHOOL; SCHOOL CHILD; TNF GENE; TNFAIP3 GENE; TREATMENT RESPONSE;

EID: 42049092538     PISSN: 0003990X     EISSN: 15383636     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.65.4.395     Document Type: Article

References (82)

1. Smith RS. The macrophage theory of depression. Med Hypotheses. 1991;35(4):298-306.
2. Leonard BE. The immune system, depression and the action of antidepressants. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2001;25(4):767-780.
3. Dunn AJ, Swiergiel AH, de Beaurepaire R. Cytokines as mediators of depression: what can we learn from animal studies? Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2005;29(4-5):891-909.
4. Yirmiya R, Pollak Y, Morag M, Reichenberg A, Barak O, Avitsur R, Shavit Y, Ovadia H, Weidenfeld J, Morag A, Newman ME, Pollmacher T. Illness, cytokines, and depression. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2000;917:478-487.
5. Suarez EC, Krishnan RR, Lewis JG. The relation of severity of depressive symptoms to monocyte-associated proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in apparently healthy men. Psychosom Med. 2003;65(3):362-368.
6. Greenberg DB, Jonasch E, Gadd MA, Ryan BF, Everett JR, Sober AJ, Mihm MA, Tanabe KK, Ott M, Haluska FG. Adjuvant therapy of melanoma with interferonalpha-2b is associated with mania and bipolar syndromes. Cancer. 2000;89(2):356-362.
7. Tyring S, Gottlieb A, Papp K, Gordon K, Leonardi C, Wang A, Lalla D, Woolley M, Jahreis A, Zitnik R, Cella D, Krishnan R. Etanercept and clinical outcomes, fatigue, and depression in psoriasis: double-blind placebo-controlled randomised phase III trial. Lancet. 2006;367(9504):29-35.
8. Maes M, Scharpe S, Meltzer HY, Bosmans E, Suy E, Calabrese J, Cosyns P. Relationships between interleukin-6 activity, acute phase proteins, and function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in severe depression. Psychiatry Res. 1993;49(1):11-27.
9. Motivala SJ, Sarfatti A, Olmos L, Irwin MR. Inflammatory markers and sleep disturbance in major depression. Psychosom Med. 2005;67(2):187-194.
10. Linnoila M, Whorton AR, Rubinow DR, Cowdry RW, Ninan PT, Waters RN. CSF prostaglandin levels in depressed and schizophrenic patients. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1983;40(4):405-406.
11. Ohishi K, Ueno R, Nishino S, Sakai T, Hayaishi O. Increased level of salivary prostaglandins in patients with major depression. Biol Psychiatry. 1988;23(4):326-334.
12. Stübner S, Schon T, Padberg F, Teipel SJ, Schwarz MJ, Haslinger A, Buch K, Dukoff R, Lasser R, Muller N, Sunderland T, Rapoport SI, Moller HJ, Hampel H. Interleukin-6 and the soluble IL-6 receptor are decreased in cerebrospinal fluid of geriatric patients with major depression: no alteration of soluble gp130. Neurosci Lett. 1999;259(3):145-148.
13. Maes M, Scharpe S, Van Grootel L, Uyttenbroeck W, Cooreman W, Cosyns P, Suy E. Higher alpha 1-antitrypsin, haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin and lower retinol binding protein plasma levels during depression: further evidence for the existence of an inflammatory response during that illness. J Affect Disord. 1992;24(3):183-192.
14. Song C, Dinan T, Leonard BE. Changes in immunoglobulin, complement and acute phase protein levels in the depressed patients and normal controls. J Affect Disord. 1994;30(4):283-288.
15. Sluzewska A, Sobieska M, Rybakowski JK. Changes in acute-phase proteins during lithium potentiation of antidepressants in refractory depression. Neuropsychobiology. 1997;35(3):123-127.
16. Reichart CG, Wals M, Hillegers MH, Ormel J, Nolen WA, Verhulst FC. Psychopathology in the adolescent offspring of bipolar parents. J Affect Disord. 2004;78(1):67-71.
17. Leverich GS, Nolen WA, Rush AJ, McElroy SL, Keck PE, Denicoff KD, Suppes T, Altshuler LL, Kupka R, Kramlinger KG, Post RM. The Stanley Foundation Bipolar Treatment Outcome Network, I: longitudinal methodology. J Affect Disord. 2001;67(1-3):33-44.
18. Suppes T, Leverich GS, Keck PE, Nolen WA, Denicoff KD, Altshuler LL, McElroy SL, Rush AJ, Kupka R, Frye MA, Bickel M, Post RM. The Stanley Foundation Bipolar Treatment Outcome Network, II: demographics and illness characteristics of the first 261 patients. J Affect Disord. 2001;67(1-3):45-59.
19. Vonk R, Schot AC, Kahn RS, Nolen WA, Drexhage HA. Is autoimmune thyroiditis part of the genetic vulnerability (or an endophenotype) for bipolar disorder? Biol Psychiatry. 2007;62(2):135-140.
20. Hillegers MH, Reichart CG, Wals M, Verhulst FC, Ormel J, Nolen WA. Five-year prospective outcome of psychopathology in the adolescent offspring of bipolar parents. Bipolar Disord. 2005;7(4):344-350.
21. Hillegers MH, Reichart CG, Wals M, Verhulst FC, Ormel J, Nolen WA, Drexhage HA. Signs of a higher prevalence of autoimmune thyroiditis in female offspring of bipolar parents. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2007;17(6-7):394-399.
22. Knijff EM, Breunis MN, van Geest MC, Kupka RW, Ruwhof C, de Wit HJ, Nolen WA, Drexhage HA. A relative resistance of T cells to dexamethasone in bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord. 2006;8(6):740-750.
23. + thymocytes regulate proliferation and cell adhesion. J Immunol. 2004;172(2):1099-1108.
24. Gabert J, Beillard E, van der Velden VH, Bi W, Grimwade D, Pallisgaard N, Barbany G, Cazzaniga G, Cayuela JM, Cave H, Pane F, Aerts JL, De Micheli D, Thirion X, Pradel V, Gonzalez M, Viehmann S, Malec M, Saglio G, van Dongen JJ. Standardization and quality control studies of "real-time" quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction of fusion gene transcripts for residual disease detection in leukemia: a Europe Against Cancer program. Leukemia. 2003;17(12):2318-2357.
25. Beillard E, Pallisgaard N, van der Velden VH, Bi W, Dee R, van der Schoot E, Delabesse E, Macintyre E, Gottardi E, Saglio G, Watzinger F, Lion T, van Dongen JJ, Hokland P, Gabert J. Evaluation of candidate control genes for diagnosis and residual disease detection in leukemic patients using "real-time" quantitative reversetranscriptase polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR): a Europe Against Cancer program. Leukemia. 2003;17(12):2474-2486.
26. Dong C, Davis RJ, Flavell RA. MAP kinases in the immune response. Annu Rev Immunol. 2002;20:55-72.
27. Inoue K, Zama T, Kamimoto T, Aoki R, Ikeda Y, Kimura H, Hagiwara M. TNFα-induced ATF3 expression is bidirectionally regulated by the JNK and ERK pathways in vascular endothelial cells. Genes Cells. 2004;9(1):59-70.
28. Jeffrey KL, Brummer T, Rolph MS, Liu SM, Callejas NA, Grumont RJ, Gillieron C, Mackay F, Grey S, Camps M, Rommel C, Gerondakis SD, Mackay CR. Positive regulation of immune cell function and inflammatory responses by phosphatase PAC-1. Nat Immunol. 2006;7(3):274-283.
29. Camps M, Nichols A, Arkinstall S. Dual specificity phosphatases: a gene family for control of MAP kinase function. FASEB J. 2000;14(1):6-16.
30. Wittmann T, Waterman-Storer CM. Cell motility: can Rho GTPases and microtubules point the way? J Cell Sci. 2001;114(pt 21):3795-3803.
31. Ivetic A, Ridley AJ. Ezrin/radixin/moesin proteins and Rho GTPase signalling in leucocytes. Immunology. 2004;112(2):165-176.
32. Ehrengruber MU, Muhlebach SG, Sohrman S, Leutenegger CM, Lester HA, Davidson N. Modulation of early growth response (EGR) transcription factor-dependent gene expression by using recombinant adenovirus. Gene. 2000;258(1-2):63-69.
33. Heyninck K, Beyaert R. A20 inhibits NF-B activation by dual ubiquitin-editing functions. Trends Biochem Sci. 2005;30(1):1-4.
34. Bubici C, Papa S, Pham CG, Zazzeroni F, Franzoso G. NF-B and JNK: an intricate affair. Cell Cycle. 2004;3(12):1524-1529.
35. Lee HS, Sherley JL, Chen JJ, Chiu CC, Chiou LL, Liang JD, Yang PC, Huang GT, Sheu JC. EMP-1 is a junctional protein in a liver stem cell line and in the liver. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005;334(4):996-1003.
36. Jain A, Tindell CA, Laux I, Hunter JB, Curran J, Galkin A, Afar DE, Aronson N, Shak S, Natale RB, Agus DB. Epithelial membrane protein-1 is a biomarker of gefitinib resistance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005;102(33):11858-11863.
37. Cory S, Adams JM. The Bcl2 family: regulators of the cellular life-or-death switch. Nat Rev Cancer. 2002;2(9):647-656.
38. Alles VV, Bottazzi B, Peri G, Golay J, Introna M, Mantovani A. Inducible expression of PTX3, a new member of the pentraxin family, in human mononuclear phagocytes. Blood. 1994;84(10):3483-3493.
39. Garlanda C, Hirsch E, Bozza S, Salustri A, De Acetis M, Nota R, Maccagno A, Riva F, Bottazzi B, Peri G, Doni A, Vago L, Botto M, De Santis R, Carminati P, Siracusa G, Altruda F, Vecchi A, Romani L, Mantovani A. Non-redundant role of the long pentraxin PTX3 in anti-fungal innate immune response. Nature. 2002;420(6912):182-186.
40. Dal Piaz V, Giovannoni MP. Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors, structurally unrelated to rolipram, as promising agents for the treatment of asthma and other pathologies. Eur J Med Chem. 2000;35(5):463-480.
41. Giembycz MA. Cilomilast: a second generation phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2001;10(7):1361-1379.
42. Jin SL, Conti M. Induction of the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase PDE4B is essential for LPS-activated TNF-α responses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002;99(11):7628-7633.
43. Shepherd MC, Baillie GS, Stirling DI, Houslay MD. Remodelling of the PDE4 cAMP phosphodiesterase isoform profile upon monocyte-macrophage differentiation of human U937 cells. Br J Pharmacol. 2004;142(2):339-351.
44. Houslay MD, Baillie GS. The role of ERK2 docking and phosphorylation of PDE4 cAMP phosphodiesterase isoforms in mediating cross-talk between the cAMP and ERK signalling pathways. Biochem Soc Trans. 2003;31(pt 6):1186-1190.
45. Beshay E, Croze F, Prud'homme GJ. The phosphodiesterase inhibitors pentoxifylline and rolipram suppress macrophage activation and nitric oxide production in vitro and in vivo. Clin Immunol. 2001;98(2):272-279.
46. Fleming YM, Frame MC, Houslay MD. PDE4-regulated cAMP degradation controls the assembly of integrin-dependent actin adhesion structures and REF52 cell migration. J Cell Sci. 2004;117(Pt 11):2377-2388.
47. Itoh T, Tokumura M, Abe K. Effects of rolipram, a phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, in combination with imipramine on depressive behavior, CRE-binding activity and BDNF level in learned helplessness rats. Eur J Pharmacol. 2004;498(1-3):135-142.
48. Delgado M, Fernandez-Alfonso MS, Fuentes A. Effect of adrenaline and glucocorticoids on monocyte cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase (PDE4) in a monocytic cell line. Arch Dermatol Res. 2002;294(4):190-197.
49. Segerstrom SC, Miller GE. Psychological stress and the human immune system: a meta-analytic study of 30 years of inquiry. Psychol Bull. 2004;130(4):601-630.
50. Wals M, Hillegers MH, Reichart CG, Verhulst FC, Nolen WA, Ormel J. Stressful life events and onset of mood disorders in children of bipolar parents during 14-month follow-up. J Affect Disord. 2005;87(2-3):253-263.
51. Rush AJ, Giles DE, Schlesser MA, Orsulak PJ, Parker CR Jr, Weissenburger JE, Crowley GT, Khatami M, Vasavada N. The dexamethasone suppression test in patients with mood disorders. J Clin Psychiatry. 1996;57(10):470-484.
52. Watson S, Gallagher P, Ritchie JC, Ferrier IN, Young AH. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function in patients with bipolar disorder. Br J Psychiatry. 2004;184:496-502.
53. Daban C, Vieta E, Mackin P, Young AH. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and bipolar disorder. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2005;28(2):469-480.
54. Holsboer F. The corticosteroid receptor hypothesis of depression. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2000;23(5):477-501.
55. Diamantstein T, Ulmer A. The antagonistic action of cyclic GMP and cyclic AMP on proliferation of B and T lymphocytes. Immunology. 1975;28(1):113-119.
56. Hebenstreit GF, Fellerer K, Fichte K, Fischer G, Geyer N, Meya U, Sastre-y-Hernandez M, Schony W, Schratzer M, Soukop W. Rolipram in major depressive disorder: results of a double-blind comparative study with imipramine. Pharmacopsychiatry. 1989;22(4):156-160.
57. Maes M, Bosmans E, Calabrese J, Smith R, Meltzer HY. Interleukin-2 and interleukin-6 in schizophrenia and mania: effects of neuroleptics and mood stabilizers. J Psychiatr Res. 1995;29(2):141-152.
58. Rapaport MH, Guylai L, Whybrow P. Immune parameters in rapid cycling bipolar patients before and after lithium treatment. J Psychiatr Res. 1999;33(4):335-340.
59. Liu HC, Yang YY, Chou YM, Chen KP, Shen WW, Leu SJ. Immunologic variables in acute mania of bipolar disorder. J Neuroimmunol. 2004;150(1-2):116- 122.
60. Hornig M, Goodman DB, Kamoun M, Amsterdam JD. Positive and negative acute phase proteins in affective subtypes. J Affect Disord. 1998;49(1):9-18.
61. Haack M, Hinze-Selch D, Fenzel T, Kraus T, Kuhn M, Schuld A, Pollmacher T. Plasma levels of cytokines and soluble cytokine receptors in psychiatric patients upon hospital admission: effects of confounding factors and diagnosis. J Psychiatr Res. 1999;33(5):407-418.
62. James MJ, Penglis PS, Caughey GE, Demasi M, Cleland LG. Eicosanoid production by human monocytes: does COX-2 contribute to a self-limiting inflammatory response? Inflamm Res. 2001;50(5):249-253.
63. Calabrese JR, Skwerer RG, Barna B, Gulledge AD, Valenzuela R, Butkus A, Subichin S, Krupp NE. Depression, immunocompetence, and prostaglandins of the E series. Psychiatry Res. 1986;17(1):41-47.
64. Yirmiya R, Barak O, Avitsur R, Gallily R, Weidenfeld J. Intracerebral administration of Mycoplasma fermentans produces sickness behavior: role of prostaglandins. Brain Res. 1997;749(1):71-81.
65. Song C, Lin A, Bonaccorso S, Heide C, Verkerk R, Kenis G, Bosmans E, Scharpe S, Whelan A, Cosyns P, de Jongh R, Maes M. The inflammatory response system and the availability of plasma tryptophan in patients with primary sleep disorders and major depression. J Affect Disord. 1998;49(3):211-219.
66. Müller N, Schwarz MJ, Dehning S, Douhe A, Cerovecki A, Goldstein-Muller B, Spellmann I, Hetzel G, Maino K, Kleindienst N, Moller HJ, Arolt V, Riedel M. The cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor celecoxib has therapeutic effects in major depression: results of a double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled, add-on pilot study to reboxetine. Mol Psychiatry. 2006;11(7):680-684.
67. Garlanda C, Bottazzi B, Bastone A, Mantovani A. Pentraxins at the crossroads between innate immunity, inflammation, matrix deposition, and female fertility. Annu Rev Immunol. 2005;23:337-366.
68. Shelton RC, Liang S, Liang P, Chakrabarti A, Manier DH, Sulser F. Differential expression of pentraxin 3 in fibroblasts from patients with major depression. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2004;29(1):126-132.
69. Pae CU, Yu HS, Kim TS, Lee CU, Lee SJ, Jun TY, Lee C, Serretti A, Paik IH. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP1) promoter-2518 polymorphism may confer a susceptibility to major depressive disorder in the Korean population. Psychiatry Res. 2004;127(3):279-281.
70. Jun TY, Pae CU, Hoon H, Chae JH, Bahk WM, Kim KS, Serretti A. Possible association between -G308A tumour necrosis factor-α gene polymorphism and major depressive disorder in the Korean population. Psychiatr Genet. 2003;13(3):179-181.
71. Yu YW, Chen TJ, Hong CJ, Chen HM, Tsai SJ. Association study of the interleukin-1beta (C-511T) genetic polymorphism with major depressive disorder, associated symptomatology, and antidepressant response. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2003;28(6):1182-1185.
72. Dickerson FB, Boronow JJ, Stallings C, Origoni AE, Cole S, Krivogorsky B, Yolken RH. Infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 is associated with cognitive deficits in bipolar disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2004;55(6):588-593.
73. Yolken RH, Torrey EF. Viruses, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1995;8(1):131-145.
74. Ferszt R, Severus E, Bode L, Brehm M, Kuhl KP, Berzewski H, Ludwig H. Activated Borna disease virus in affective disorders. Pharmacopsychiatry. 1999;32(3):93-98.
75. Rybakowski JK. Antiviral and immunomodulatory effect of lithium. Pharmacopsychiatry. 2000;33(5):159-164.
76. Drzyzga L, Obuchowicz E, Marcinowska A, Herman ZS. Cytokines in schizophrenia and the effects of antipsychotic drugs. Brain Behav Immun. 2006;20(6):532-545.
77. Pollmächer T, Haack M, Schuld A, Kraus T, Hinze-Selch D. Effects of antipsychotic drugs on cytokine networks. J Psychiatr Res. 2000;34(6):369-382.
78. Himmerich H, Koethe D, Schuld A, Yassouridis A, Pollmacher T. Plasma levels of leptin and endogenous immune modulators during treatment with carbamazepine or lithium. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2005;179(2):447-451.
79. Maes M, Song C, Lin AH, Pioli R, Kenis G, Kubera M, Bosmans E. In vitro immunoregulatory effects of lithium in healthy volunteers. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1999;143(4):401-407.
80. Boufidou F, Nikolaou C, Alevizos B, Liappas IA, Christodoulou GN. Cytokine production in bipolar affective disorder patients under lithium treatment. J Affect Disord. 2004;82(2):309-313.
81. Einat H, Yuan P, Gould TD, Li J, Du J, Zhang L, Manji HK, Chen G. The role of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathway in mood modulation. J Neurosci. 2003;23(19):7311-7316.
82. Manji HK, Chen G. PKC, MAP kinases and the bcl-2 family of proteins as long-term targets for mood stabilizers. Mol Psychiatry. 2002;7(suppl 1):S46-S56.