Pathogenesis of COPD. Part III. Inflammation in COPD

International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease

Volumn 12, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 375-380

  Roth, Michael ^a,b  

^a The Woolcock Institute for Medical Research   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL BASEL   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

COPD; Inflammation; Smoking

Indexed keywords

ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; CIGARETTE SMOKE; CYTOKINE; GROWTH FACTOR; PROTEINASE; PROTEINASE INHIBITOR;

AIR POLLUTION; ALPHA ANTITRYPSIN DEFICIENCY; CELL INFILTRATION; CHRONIC INFLAMMATION; CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASE; CIGARETTE SMOKING; DEREGULATION; DUST EXPOSURE; EMPHYSEMA; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; GENE MUTATION; HOMOZYGOSITY; HUMAN; HYPOTHESIS; IMMUNOCOMPETENT CELL; INFLAMMATION; LUNG ALVEOLUS CELL; MALARIA; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; PATHOGENESIS; PNEUMONIA; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN SYNTHESIS; REVIEW; SMALL AIRWAY DISEASE; SMOKING; SMOKING CESSATION; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

AIRWAY RESISTANCE; ALPHA 1-ANTITRYPSIN; ANIMALS; APOPTOSIS; CYTOKINES; ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS; HUMANS; INFLAMMATION; PNEUMONIA; PULMONARY DISEASE, CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE; PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA; PULMONARY FIBROSIS; SMOKING; TOBACCO SMOKE POLLUTION;

EID: 41949092612     PISSN: 10273719     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (89)

1. Pauwels R A, Buist A S, Calverley P M, et al. Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute/World Health Organization Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) workshop summary. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 163: 1256-1276.
2. Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - updated 2005. Modena, Italy: GOLD, 2005.
3. British Thoracic Society. BTS COPD guidelines summary. Thorax 1997; 52 (Suppl 5): S1-S32.
4. Mannino D M, Buist A S. Global burden of COPD: risk factors, prevalence, and future trends. Lancet 2007; 370: 765-773.
5. Lokke A, Lange P, Scharling H, et al. Developing COPD: a 25 year follow-up study of the general population. Thorax 2006; 61: 935-939.
6. 1-antitrypsin deficiency. Curr Med Chem 2006; 13: 2857-2873.
7. Molfino N A. Current thinking on genetics of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2007; 13: 107-113.
8. Teramoto S. 1. COPD pathogenesis from the viewpoint of risk factors. Intern Med 2007; 46: 77-79.
9. Yanbaeva D G, Dentener M A, Creutzberg E C, et al. Systemic effects of smoking. Chest 2007; 131: 1557-1566.
10. Lapperre T S, Postma D S, Gosman M M, et al. Relation between duration of smoking cessation and bronchial inflammation in COPD. Thorax 2006; 61: 115-121.
11. Dahl R, Greefhorst L A, Nowak D, et al. Inhaled formoterol dry powder versus ipratropium bromide in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 164: 778-784.
12. Niewoehner D E, Rice K, Cote C, et al. Prevention of exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with tiotropium, a once-daily inhaled anticholinergic bronchodilator: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med 2005; 143: 317-326.
13. Leigh R, Pizzichini M M, Morris M, et al. Stable COPD: predicting benefit from high dose inhaled corticosteroid treatment. Eur Respir J 2006; 27: 964-971.
14. Cazzola M, Centanni S, Santus P, et al. The functional impact of adding salmeterol and tiotropium in patients with stable COPD. Respir Med 2004; 98: 1214-1221.
15. Calverley P, Pauwels R, Vestbo J, et al. Combined salmeterol and fluticasone in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2003; 361: 449-456.
16. Yanbaeva D G, Dentner M A, Creutzberg E C, et al. Systemic inflammation in COPD: is genetic susceptibility a key factor? COPD 2006; 3: 51-61.
17. Agusti A G, Noguera A, Sauleda J, et al. Systemic effects of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Eur Respir J 2003; 21: 347-360.
18. Blanc P D, Toren K. Occupation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic bronchitis: an update. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2007; 11: 251-257.
19. Khan A J, Nanchal R. Cotton dust lung diseases. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2007; 13: 137-141.
20. Caramori G, Pandit A, Papi A. Is there a difference between chronic airway inflammation in chronic severe asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? Curr Opin Allergy Clin Imunol 2005; 5: 77-83.
21. Fabbri L M, Romagnoli M, Corbetta, et al. Differences in airway inflammation in patients with fixed airflow obstruction due to asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003; 167: 418-424.
22. Watt A P, Schock B C, Ennis M. Neutrophils and eosinophils: clinical implications of their appearance, presence and disappearance in asthma and COPD. Curr Drug Targets Inflamm Allergy 2005; 4: 415-423.
23. van der Vaart H, Postma D S, Timens W, et al. Acute effects of cigarette smoking on inflammation in healthy intermittent smokers. Respir Res 2005; 16: 22.
24. de Boer W I, Alagappan V K, Sharma H S. Molecular mechanisms in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; potential targets for therapy. Cell Biochem Biophys 2007; 47: 131-148.
25. Tetley T D. Inflammatory cells and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Curr Drug Targets Inflamm Allergy 2005; 4: 607-618.
26. Gadgil A, Zhu X, Sciurba F C, et al. Altered T-cell phenotypes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Proc Am Thorac Soc 2006; 3: 487-488.
27. Domagala-Kulawik J, Maskey-Warzechowska M, Krasweska I, et al. The cellular composition and macrophage phenotype in induced sputum in smokers and ex-smokers with COPD. Chest 2003; 123: 1054-1059.
28. Hogg J C, Chu F, Utokaparch S, et al. The nature of small-airway obstruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med 2004; 350: 2645-2653.
29. Hoshino T, Kato S, Oka N, et al. Pulmonary inflammation and emphysema: role of cytokines IL-18 and Il-13. J Respir Crit Care Med 2007; 176: 49-62.
30. Chung K F. Inflammatory mediators in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Curr Drug Targets Inflamm Allergy 2005; 4: 619-625.
31. Fujimoto K, Yasuo M, Urushibata K, et al. Airway inflammation during stable and acutely exacerbated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Eur Respir J 2005; 25: 640-646.
32. Aoshiba K, Nagai A. Differences in airway remodeling between asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2004; 27: 35-43.
33. Kardos P, Keenan J. Tackling COPD: a multicomponent disease driven by inflammation. Med Gen Med 2006; 8: 54.
34. Barnes P J. New molecular targets for the treatment of neutrophilic diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007; 119: 1055-1062.
35. Lapperre T S, Sont J K, van Schadewijk A, et al. Smoking cessation and bronchial epithelial remodelling in COPD: a cross-sectional study. Respir Res 2007; 8: 85.
36. Scanlon P D, Connett J E, Waller L A, et al. Smoking cessation and lung function in mild-to-moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The Lung Health Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 161: 381-390.
37. Willemse B W, ten Hacken N H, Rutgers B, et al. Effect of 1-year smoking cessation on airway inflammation in COPD and asymptomatic smokers. Eur Respir J 2005; 26: 835-845.
38. Gamble E, Grootendorst D C, Hattotuwa K, et al. Airway mucosal inflammation in COPD is similar in smokers and exsmokers: a pooled analysis. Eur Respir J 2007; 30: 467-471.
39. Saetta M, Turato G, Facchini F M, et al. Inflammatory cells in the bronchial glands of smokers with chronic bronchitis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997; 156: 1633-1639.
40. Kuwano K, Bosken C H, Pare P D, Bai T R, Wiggs B R, Hogg J C. Small airways dimensions in asthma and in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am Rev Respir Dis 1993; 148: 1220-1225.
41. Wiggs B R, Bosken C, Pare P D, et al. A model of airway narrowing in asthma and in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am Rev Respir Dis 1992; 145: 1251-1258.
42. Tashkin D P, Altose M D, Connett J E, et al. Methacholine reactivity predicts changes in lung function over time in smokers with early chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The Lung Health Study Research Group. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996; 153: 1802-1811.
43. Chung K F. The role of airway smooth muscle in the pathogenesis of airway wall remodeling in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Proc Am Thorac Soc 2005; 2: 347-354.
44. Noble P W, Jiang D. Matrix regulation of lung injury, inflammation, and repair: the role of innate immunity. Proc Am Thorac Soc 2006; 3: 401-404.
45. Fligiel S E, Standiford T, Fligiel H M, et al. Matrix metalloproteinases and matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors in acute lung injury. Hum Pathol 2006; 37: 422-430.
46. Kranenburg A R, Willems-Widyastuti A, Moori W J, et al. Enhanced bronchial expression of extracellular matrix proteins in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Clin Pathol 2006; 126: 725-735.
47. Parameswaran K, Willems-Widyastuti A, Alagappan V K, et al. Role of extracellular matrix and its regulators in human airway smooth muscle biology. Cell Biochem Biophys 2006; 44: 139-146.
48. Srivastava P K, Dastidar S G, Ray A. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: role of matrix metalloproteinases and future challenges of drug therapy. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2007; 16: 1069-1078.
49. Fujita M, Nakanishi Y. The pathogensis of COPD: lessons learned from in vivo animal models. Med Sci Monit 2007; 13: R19-R24.
50. Churg A, Wright J L. Animal models of cigarette smoke-induced chronic obstructive lung disease. Contrib Microbiol 2007; 14: 113-125.
51. Churg A, Tai H, Coulthard T et al. Cigarette smoke drives small airway remodeling by induction of growths factors in the airway wall. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 174: 1327-1334.
52. Carnevali S, Luppi F, D'Arca D, et al. Clusterin decreases oxidative stress in lung fibroblasts exposed to cigarette smoke. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 174: 393-399.
53. Postma D S, Timens W. Remodeling in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Proc Am Thorac Soc 2006; 3: 343-349.
54. Sirianni F E, Milaninezhad A, Chu F S, et al. Alteration of fibroblast architecture and loss of basal lamina apertures in human emphysematous lung. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 173: 632-638.
55. Johnson P R A, Burgess J K, Underwood P A, et al. Extracellular matrix proteins modulate asthmatic airway smooth muscle cell proliferation via an autocrine mechanism. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2004; 113: 690-696.
56. Imai K, Mercer B A, Schulman L L, et al. Correlation of lung surface area to apoptosis and proliferation in human emphysema. Eur Respir J 2005; 25: 250-258.
57. Martin-Mosquero C, Peces-Barba G, Rubio M L, et al. Increased collagen deposition correlated with lung destruction in human emphysema. Histol Histopathol 2006; 21: 823-828.
58. Xie S, Issa R, Sukkar M B, et al. Induction and regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-12 in human airway smooth muscle cells. Respir Res 2005; 166: 148.
59. Papakonstantinou E, Aletras A J, Tamm M, et al. Hypoxia modulates the effects of transforming growth factor-β isoforms on matrix- metalloproteinases and their endogenous inhibitors by primary human lung fibroblasts. Cytokine 2003; 24: 25-35.
60. Leufgen H, Bihl M, Tamm M, et al. Collagenase expression and activity is modulated by the interaction of collagen types, hypoxia, and nutrition in human lung cells, J Cell Physiol 2005; 204: 146-154.
61. Karakiulakis G, Papakonstantinou E, Aletras A J, et al. Cell type-specific effect of hypoxia and platelet-derived growth factor-BB on extracellular matrix turnover and its consequences for lung remodeling. J Biol Chem 2007; 282: 908-915.
62. Barbato A, Turato G, Baraldo S, et al. Epithelial damage and angiogenesis in the airways of children with asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 174: 975-981.
63. Voelkel N F, Douglas I S, Nicolls M. Angiogenesis in chronic lung disease. Chest 2007; 131: 874-879.
64. Kasahara Y, Tuder R M, Taraseviciene-Stewart L, et al. Inhibition of VEGF receptors causes lung cell apoptosis and emphysema. J Clin Invest 2000; 106: 1311-1319.
65. Thickett D R, Armstrong L, Millar A B. A role for vascular endothelial growth factor in acute and resolving lung injury. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002; 166: 1332-1337.
66. Hirota K, Semenza G L. Regulation of angiogenesis by hypoxia-inducible factor 1. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2006; 59: 15-26.
67. Morimoto K, Janssen W J, Fessler M B, et al. Lovastatin enhances clearance of apoptotic cells (efferocytosis) with implications for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Immunol 2006; 176: 7657-7665.
68. Babusyte A, Stravinskaite K, Jeroch J, et al. Patterns of airway inflammation and MMP-12 expression in smokers and exsmokers with COPD. Respir Res 2007; 8: 81.
69. Waters C M, Sporn P H, Liu M, et al. Cellular biomechanics in the lung. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2002; 283: L503-L509.
70. Horowitz J C, Thannickal V J. Epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in pulmonary fibrosis. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 27: 600-612.
71. Waters C M, Sporn P H, Liu M, et al. Cellular biomechanics in the lung. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2002; 283: L503-L509.
72. Wang H, Liu X, Umino T, et al. Cigarette smoke inhibits human bronchial epithelial cell repair processes. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2001; 25: 772-779.
73. Nyunoya T, Monick M M, Klingelhutz A, et al. Cigarette smoke induces cellular senescence. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2006; 35: 681-688.
74. Roth M, Johnson P R, Borger P, et al. Dysfunctional interaction of C/EBPalpha and the glucocorticoid receptor in asthmatic bronchial smooth-muscle cells. N Engl J Med 2004; 351: 560-574.
75. Borger P, Matsumoto H, Boustany S, et al. Disease specific expression and regulation of CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins in asthma and COPD. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007; 119: 98-105.
76. Didon L, Qvarfordt I, Andersson O, et al. Decreased CCAAT/enhancer binding protein transcription factor activity in chronic bronchitis and COPD. Chest 2005; 127: 1341-1346.
77. Hersh C P, Demeo D L, Lazarus R, et al. Genetic association analysis of functional impairment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 173: 977-984.
78. Nerlov C. The C/EBP family of transcription factors: a paradigm for interaction between gene expression and proliferation control. Trends Cell Biol 2007; 17: 318-324.
79. Myerburg M M, Latoche J D, McKenna E E, et al. Hepatocyte growth factor and other fibroblast secretions modulate the phenotype of human bronchial epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2007; 292: L1352-L1360.
80. Petrache I, Fijalkowska I, Zhen L, et al. A novel antiapoptotic role for 1-antitrypsin in the prevention of pulmonary emphysema. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 173: 1222-1228.
81. Hersh C P, Demeo D L, Lazarus R, et al. Genetic association analysis of functional impairment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 173: 977-984.
82. Heguy A, O'Connor T P, Luettich K, et al. Gene expression profiling of human alveolar macrophages of phenotypically normal smokers and nonsmokers reveals a previously unrecognized subset of genes modulated by cigarette smoking. J Mol Med 2006; 84: 318-328.
83. Pierrou S, Broberg P, O'Donnell R A, et al. Expression of genes involved in oxidative stress responses in airway epithelial cells of smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007; 175: 577-586.
84. Zandvoort A, van der Geld Y M, Jonker M R, et al. High ICAM-1 gene expression in pulmonary fibroblasts of COPD patients: a reflection of an enhanced immunological function. Eur Respir J 2006; 28: 113-122.
85. Lomas D A. The selective advantage of 1-antitrypsin deficiency. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 173: 1072-1077.
86. Chappell S, Daly L, Morgan K, et al. Cryptic haplotypes of SERPINA1 confer susceptibility to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Hum Mutat 2006; 27: 103-109.
87. Campino S, Kwiatkowski D, Dessein A. Mendelian and complex genetics of susceptibility and resistance to parasitic infections. Semin Immunol 2006; 18: 411-422.
88. Hill A V. Aspects of genetic susceptibility to human infectious diseases. Annu Rev Genet 2006; 40: 469-486.
89. Abboud R T, Ford G T, Chapman K R. Emphysema in alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency: does replacement therapy affect outcome? Treat Respir Med 2005; 4: 1-8.