메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 28, Issue 5, 2008, Pages 298-313

Spin-off enterprises as a means of technology commercialisation in a transforming economy-Evidence from three universities in China

Author keywords

China; Entrepreneurship; Spin offs; Technology transfer; University industry relations

Indexed keywords

ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING; INDUSTRIAL ECONOMICS; LAWS AND LEGISLATION; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; REGIONAL PLANNING;

EID: 41149138216     PISSN: 01664972     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.technovation.2007.05.002     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (131)

References (80)
  • 1
    • 41149167257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asheim, B., Vang, J., 2004. What can regional systems of innovation and learning offer developing countries? Paper presented at the Second Globelics Conference, 16th-20th October 2004, Beijing.
    • Asheim, B., Vang, J., 2004. What can regional systems of innovation and learning offer developing countries? Paper presented at the Second Globelics Conference, 16th-20th October 2004, Beijing.
  • 2
    • 0042994700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Technology and entrepreneurship in china: commercialization reforms in the science and technology sector
    • Baark E. Technology and entrepreneurship in china: commercialization reforms in the science and technology sector. Policy Studies Review 18 (2001) 112-129
    • (2001) Policy Studies Review , vol.18 , pp. 112-129
    • Baark, E.1
  • 3
    • 21644469838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • University spin-off policies and economic development in less successful regions: learning from two decades of policy practice
    • Benneworth P., and Charles D. University spin-off policies and economic development in less successful regions: learning from two decades of policy practice. European Planning Studies 13 4 (2004) 537-557
    • (2004) European Planning Studies , vol.13 , Issue.4 , pp. 537-557
    • Benneworth, P.1    Charles, D.2
  • 4
    • 84978703067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Confronting the global and the local-a case study of chinese higher education
    • Cai Y.Zh. Confronting the global and the local-a case study of chinese higher education. Tertiary Education and Management 10 (2004) 157-169
    • (2004) Tertiary Education and Management , vol.10 , pp. 157-169
    • Cai, Y.Zh.1
  • 5
    • 0031599090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-technology spin-offs from government R&D laboratories and research universities
    • Carayannis E.G., Rogers E.M., Kurihara K., and Allbritton M.M. High-technology spin-offs from government R&D laboratories and research universities. Technovation 18 1 (1998) 1-11
    • (1998) Technovation , vol.18 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-11
    • Carayannis, E.G.1    Rogers, E.M.2    Kurihara, K.3    Allbritton, M.M.4
  • 6
    • 41149173798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study on the amalgamation of chinese higher educational institutions
    • Chen D.Y. A study on the amalgamation of chinese higher educational institutions. Asia Pacific Education Review 3 1 (2002) 48-55
    • (2002) Asia Pacific Education Review , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 48-55
    • Chen, D.Y.1
  • 7
    • 33744910114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changing the Shanghai innovation systems: the role of multinational corporations' R&D centres
    • Chen Y.-C. Changing the Shanghai innovation systems: the role of multinational corporations' R&D centres. Science, Technology & Society 11 (2006) 67-107
    • (2006) Science, Technology & Society , vol.11 , pp. 67-107
    • Chen, Y.-C.1
  • 8
    • 41149159827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design and role of university-based science parks in China
    • Chen J., and Dai L.Y. Design and role of university-based science parks in China. Industry and Higher Education 3 (2003) 179-185
    • (2003) Industry and Higher Education , vol.3 , pp. 179-185
    • Chen, J.1    Dai, L.Y.2
  • 9
    • 41149147187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • China Education and Research Network CERNET/Education Ministry Technology Growth Centre CUTECH (in Chinese): 〈www.cutech.edu.cn/ShowClass.asp?ClassID=40〉
    • China Education and Research Network CERNET/Education Ministry Technology Growth Centre CUTECH (in Chinese): 〈www.cutech.edu.cn/ShowClass.asp?ClassID=40〉
  • 10
    • 41149107514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dahlman, C.J., Aubert, J.-E., 2001. China and the Knowledge Economy. Seizing the 21st Century. WBI Development Studies, Washington.
    • Dahlman, C.J., Aubert, J.-E., 2001. China and the Knowledge Economy. Seizing the 21st Century. WBI Development Studies, Washington.
  • 11
    • 24344501011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overcoming weak entrepreneurial infrastructures for academic spin-off ventures
    • Degroof J.J., and Roberts E.B. Overcoming weak entrepreneurial infrastructures for academic spin-off ventures. The Journal of Technology Transfer 29 (2004) 327-352
    • (2004) The Journal of Technology Transfer , vol.29 , pp. 327-352
    • Degroof, J.J.1    Roberts, E.B.2
  • 12
    • 33751246767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Explaining the "University-run enterprises" in China: a theoretical framework for university-industry relationship in developing countries and its application to China
    • Eun J.-H., Lee K., and Wu G. Explaining the "University-run enterprises" in China: a theoretical framework for university-industry relationship in developing countries and its application to China. Research Policy 35 9 (2006) 1329-1346
    • (2006) Research Policy , vol.35 , Issue.9 , pp. 1329-1346
    • Eun, J.-H.1    Lee, K.2    Wu, G.3
  • 13
    • 41149136295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gabriele, A., 2001. Science and technology policies, industrial reform and technical progress in China. Can socialist property rights be compatible with technological catching up? UNCTAD Discussion Paper No. 155. UNCTAD/OSG/DP/155.
    • Gabriele, A., 2001. Science and technology policies, industrial reform and technical progress in China. Can socialist property rights be compatible with technological catching up? UNCTAD Discussion Paper No. 155. UNCTAD/OSG/DP/155.
  • 15
    • 9944260765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Business incubators and new venture creation: an assessment of incubating models
    • Grimaldi R., and Grandi A. Business incubators and new venture creation: an assessment of incubating models. Technovation 25 2 (2005) 111-121
    • (2005) Technovation , vol.25 , Issue.2 , pp. 111-121
    • Grimaldi, R.1    Grandi, A.2
  • 16
    • 0030448571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The emergence of new technology enterprises in China: a study of endogenous capability building via restructuring
    • Gu Sh.L. The emergence of new technology enterprises in China: a study of endogenous capability building via restructuring. The Journal of Development Studies 32 (1996) 475-505
    • (1996) The Journal of Development Studies , vol.32 , pp. 475-505
    • Gu, Sh.L.1
  • 18
    • 41149089310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gu, Sh. L., 1994. Spin-off enterprises in China. Channeling the components of R&D institutions into innovative businesses. UNU/INTECH Working Paper No. 16.
    • Gu, Sh. L., 1994. Spin-off enterprises in China. Channeling the components of R&D institutions into innovative businesses. UNU/INTECH Working Paper No. 16.
  • 19
    • 41149154540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gu, Sh. L., 1995. A review of reform policy for the S&T system in China. From paid transactions for technology to organizational restructuring. UNU/INTECH Working Paper No. 17.
    • Gu, Sh. L., 1995. A review of reform policy for the S&T system in China. From paid transactions for technology to organizational restructuring. UNU/INTECH Working Paper No. 17.
  • 20
    • 33645673429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The problem of a market-oriented university
    • Häyrinen-Alestalo M., and Peltola U. The problem of a market-oriented university. Higher Education 52 (2006) 251-281
    • (2006) Higher Education , vol.52 , pp. 251-281
    • Häyrinen-Alestalo, M.1    Peltola, U.2
  • 21
    • 41149123550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Jun, M., 2004. Collaborative R&D between Tsinghua university and multinational companies. Paper presented at the Symposium on University, Research Institute and Industry Relations in the US, Taiwan and Mainland China, Stanford University, 7th-9th September 2004, Stanford.
    • Jun, M., 2004. Collaborative R&D between Tsinghua university and multinational companies. Paper presented at the Symposium on University, Research Institute and Industry Relations in the US, Taiwan and Mainland China, Stanford University, 7th-9th September 2004, Stanford.
  • 24
    • 41149099683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kroll, H., 2006. Entstehung und Entwicklung universitärer Spin-off-Aktivitäten in China - eine regional vergleichende Analyse. Wirtschaftsgeographie. Lit-Verlag, Münster.
    • Kroll, H., 2006. Entstehung und Entwicklung universitärer Spin-off-Aktivitäten in China - eine regional vergleichende Analyse. Wirtschaftsgeographie. Lit-Verlag, Münster.
  • 25
    • 13244254006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of innovation capacity at science parks across the Taiwan Strait: the case of Zhangjiang High-Tech Park and Hsinchu Science-based Industrial Park
    • Lai Hs.-Ch., and Shyu J.Z. A comparison of innovation capacity at science parks across the Taiwan Strait: the case of Zhangjiang High-Tech Park and Hsinchu Science-based Industrial Park. Technovation 25 (2005) 805-813
    • (2005) Technovation , vol.25 , pp. 805-813
    • Lai, Hs.-Ch.1    Shyu, J.Z.2
  • 26
    • 0000860828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linking performance to funding outcomes for public institutions of higher education: the US experience
    • Layzell D.T. Linking performance to funding outcomes for public institutions of higher education: the US experience. European Journal of Education 33 1 (1998) 103-111
    • (1998) European Journal of Education , vol.33 , Issue.1 , pp. 103-111
    • Layzell, D.T.1
  • 27
    • 1842687497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assembly trade and technology transfer: the case of China
    • Lemoine F., and Ünal-Kesenci D. Assembly trade and technology transfer: the case of China. World Development 32 (2004) 829-850
    • (2004) World Development , vol.32 , pp. 829-850
    • Lemoine, F.1    Ünal-Kesenci, D.2
  • 28
    • 1842831984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Funding, resources, and performance in higher education systems
    • Liefner I. Funding, resources, and performance in higher education systems. Higher Education 46 (2003) 469-489
    • (2003) Higher Education , vol.46 , pp. 469-489
    • Liefner, I.1
  • 29
    • 33144470188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cooperation in the innovation process in developing countries: empirical evidence from Zhongguancun, Beijing
    • Liefner I., Hennemann S., and Lu X. Cooperation in the innovation process in developing countries: empirical evidence from Zhongguancun, Beijing. Environment and Planning A 38 (2006) 111-130
    • (2006) Environment and Planning A , vol.38 , pp. 111-130
    • Liefner, I.1    Hennemann, S.2    Lu, X.3
  • 30
    • 0035283558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Technology transfer from higher education institutions to industry in China: nature and implications
    • Liu H., and Jiang Y.Zh. Technology transfer from higher education institutions to industry in China: nature and implications. Technovation 21 (2001) 175-188
    • (2001) Technovation , vol.21 , pp. 175-188
    • Liu, H.1    Jiang, Y.Zh.2
  • 31
    • 0035420947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparing innovation systems: a framework and application to China's transitional context
    • Liu X.L., and White S. Comparing innovation systems: a framework and application to China's transitional context. Research Policy 30 (2001) 1091-1114
    • (2001) Research Policy , vol.30 , pp. 1091-1114
    • Liu, X.L.1    White, S.2
  • 32
    • 13444259701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • R&D networks and product innovation patterns-academic and non-academic new technology-based firms on science parks
    • Löfsten H., and Kindelöf P. R&D networks and product innovation patterns-academic and non-academic new technology-based firms on science parks. Technovation 25 9 (2005) 1025-1037
    • (2005) Technovation , vol.25 , Issue.9 , pp. 1025-1037
    • Löfsten, H.1    Kindelöf, P.2
  • 34
    • 0035151247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning and innovation in a transitional economy: the rise of science and technology enterprises in the Chinese information technology industry
    • Lu Q. Learning and innovation in a transitional economy: the rise of science and technology enterprises in the Chinese information technology industry. International Journal of Technology Management 21 (2001) 76-92
    • (2001) International Journal of Technology Management , vol.21 , pp. 76-92
    • Lu, Q.1
  • 35
    • 21844519806 scopus 로고
    • Funding matters: a case study of two universities' response to recent funding changes
    • Mace J. Funding matters: a case study of two universities' response to recent funding changes. Journal of Education Policy 10 1 (1995) 57-74
    • (1995) Journal of Education Policy , vol.10 , Issue.1 , pp. 57-74
    • Mace, J.1
  • 36
    • 0034815489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National systems of economic learning: the case of technology diffusion management in East Asia
    • Mathews J.A. National systems of economic learning: the case of technology diffusion management in East Asia. International Journal of Technology Management 22 (2001) 455-479
    • (2001) International Journal of Technology Management , vol.22 , pp. 455-479
    • Mathews, J.A.1
  • 37
  • 38
    • 41149152455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mei, M., 2004. Innovation feedback. Interactive development in research universities and their science park. Paper presented at the Symposium on 'University, Research Institute and Industry Relations in the US, Taiwan and Mainland China', Stanford University, 7th-9th September 2004, Stanford.
    • Mei, M., 2004. Innovation feedback. Interactive development in research universities and their science park. Paper presented at the Symposium on 'University, Research Institute and Industry Relations in the US, Taiwan and Mainland China', Stanford University, 7th-9th September 2004, Stanford.
  • 39
    • 0001763748 scopus 로고
    • US university-sponsored technology incubators: an overview of management, policies and performance
    • Mian S.A. US university-sponsored technology incubators: an overview of management, policies and performance. Technovation 14 8 (1994) 515-528
    • (1994) Technovation , vol.14 , Issue.8 , pp. 515-528
    • Mian, S.A.1
  • 40
    • 41149168292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mohrman, K., 2003. Higher education reform in Mainland Chinese universities. An American's Perspective. Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong America Center. 〈http://www.sais-jhu.edu/Nanjing/downloads/Higher_Ed_in_China.〉
    • Mohrman, K., 2003. Higher education reform in Mainland Chinese universities. An American's Perspective. Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong America Center. 〈http://www.sais-jhu.edu/Nanjing/downloads/Higher_Ed_in_China.〉
  • 41
    • 0036567793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A stage model of academic spin-off creation
    • Ndonzuau F.N., Pirnay F., and Surlemont B. A stage model of academic spin-off creation. Technovation 22 5 (2002) 281-289
    • (2002) Technovation , vol.22 , Issue.5 , pp. 281-289
    • Ndonzuau, F.N.1    Pirnay, F.2    Surlemont, B.3
  • 42
    • 41149125607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • OECD, 2000. Current Issues in Chinese Higher Education, OECD, Paris
    • OECD, 2000. Current Issues in Chinese Higher Education, OECD, Paris
  • 43
    • 41149179725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The lotus files: the emergence of technology entrepreneurship in China and India
    • Parker J. The lotus files: the emergence of technology entrepreneurship in China and India. The Fletcher Forum of World Affairs 26 (2002) 119-134
    • (2002) The Fletcher Forum of World Affairs , vol.26 , pp. 119-134
    • Parker, J.1
  • 45
    • 0043130266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The development of university spin-offs: early dynamics of technology transfer and networking
    • Pérez Pérez M., and Martínez Sánchez A. The development of university spin-offs: early dynamics of technology transfer and networking. Technovation 23 10 (2003) 823-831
    • (2003) Technovation , vol.23 , Issue.10 , pp. 823-831
    • Pérez Pérez, M.1    Martínez Sánchez, A.2
  • 48
    • 0030534773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Policies and structures for spinning off new companies from research and development organizations
    • Roberts E.B., and Malone D. Policies and structures for spinning off new companies from research and development organizations. R&D Management 26 1 (1996) 17-48
    • (1996) R&D Management , vol.26 , Issue.1 , pp. 17-48
    • Roberts, E.B.1    Malone, D.2
  • 49
    • 41149116263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sanders, R., Yang, Ch., 2003. China's path to the new economy. An institutional approach. TIGER Working Paper No. 39. EMERGO Journal of Transforming Economies and Societies 10 (2). 〈http://www.tiger.edu.pl/publikacje/twpno39.pdf〉
    • Sanders, R., Yang, Ch., 2003. China's path to the new economy. An institutional approach. TIGER Working Paper No. 39. EMERGO Journal of Transforming Economies and Societies 10 (2). 〈http://www.tiger.edu.pl/publikacje/twpno39.pdf〉
  • 50
    • 0009405782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Responses of American research universities to issues posed by the changing environment of higher education
    • Schmidtlein F.A., and Taylor A.L. Responses of American research universities to issues posed by the changing environment of higher education. Minerva 34 (1996) 291-308
    • (1996) Minerva , vol.34 , pp. 291-308
    • Schmidtlein, F.A.1    Taylor, A.L.2
  • 53
    • 0036224147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selling university technology: patterns from MIT
    • Shane S. Selling university technology: patterns from MIT. Management Science 48 (2002) 122-137
    • (2002) Management Science , vol.48 , pp. 122-137
    • Shane, S.1
  • 54
    • 0031404011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Science and technology in China: the engine of rapid economic development
    • Song J. Science and technology in China: the engine of rapid economic development. Technology in Society 19 (1997) 281-294
    • (1997) Technology in Society , vol.19 , pp. 281-294
    • Song, J.1
  • 55
    • 41149088379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Song, J., 2004. How Tsinghua manages its companies. Paper Presented at the Symposium on University, Research Institute and Industry Relations in the US, Taiwan and Mainland China, Stanford University, 7th-9th September 2004, Stanford.
    • Song, J., 2004. How Tsinghua manages its companies. Paper Presented at the Symposium on University, Research Institute and Industry Relations in the US, Taiwan and Mainland China, Stanford University, 7th-9th September 2004, Stanford.
  • 58
    • 41149177649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Su, J., 2000. The comparative study of regional innovation systems of Japan and China. NISTEP Study Material 74, Tokyo.
    • Su, J., 2000. The comparative study of regional innovation systems of Japan and China. NISTEP Study Material 74, Tokyo.
  • 59
    • 0033926637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial distribution of patents in China
    • Sun Y.F. Spatial distribution of patents in China. Regional Studies 34 (2000) 441-454
    • (2000) Regional Studies , vol.34 , pp. 441-454
    • Sun, Y.F.1
  • 60
    • 3142669099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • China's national innovation system in transition
    • Sun Y.F. China's national innovation system in transition. Eurasian Geography and Economics 43 (2002) 476-494
    • (2002) Eurasian Geography and Economics , vol.43 , pp. 476-494
    • Sun, Y.F.1
  • 61
    • 41149125090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sunami, A., 2002. Industry-university cooperation and university-affiliated enterprises in China, a country aspiring for growth on science and education-building new system for technological innovation. Keizai Sangyo Journal (METI Journal). 〈http://www.rieti.go.jp/en/papers/research-review/001.html〉
    • Sunami, A., 2002. Industry-university cooperation and university-affiliated enterprises in China, a country aspiring for growth on science and education-building new system for technological innovation. Keizai Sangyo Journal (METI Journal). 〈http://www.rieti.go.jp/en/papers/research-review/001.html〉
  • 62
    • 0031404003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emerging innovation networks and changing strategies for industrial technology in China: some observations
    • Suttmeier R.P. Emerging innovation networks and changing strategies for industrial technology in China: some observations. Technology in Society 19 (1997) 305-323
    • (1997) Technology in Society , vol.19 , pp. 305-323
    • Suttmeier, R.P.1
  • 63
    • 41149102556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suttmeier, R.P, Cao, C., 1999. China faces the new industrial revolution. achievement and uncertainty in the search for research and innovation strategies. Asian Perspective 23. 〈www.nsftokyo.org/rm99-13.html〉
    • Suttmeier, R.P, Cao, C., 1999. China faces the new industrial revolution. achievement and uncertainty in the search for research and innovation strategies. Asian Perspective 23. 〈www.nsftokyo.org/rm99-13.html〉
  • 64
    • 0036720575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Learning Systems. A new approach on technical change in late industrializing economies and evidences from the cases of Brazil and South Korea
    • Viotti E.B. National Learning Systems. A new approach on technical change in late industrializing economies and evidences from the cases of Brazil and South Korea. Technological forecasting & social change 69 (2002) 653-680
    • (2002) Technological forecasting & social change , vol.69 , pp. 653-680
    • Viotti, E.B.1
  • 65
    • 0347899455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Critical junctures in the development of university high-tech spin-out companies
    • Vohora A., Wright M., and Lockett A. Critical junctures in the development of university high-tech spin-out companies. Research Policy 33 (2004) 147-175
    • (2004) Research Policy , vol.33 , pp. 147-175
    • Vohora, A.1    Wright, M.2    Lockett, A.3
  • 66
    • 0036056859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chinese industrial and science parks: bridging the gap
    • Walcott S.M. Chinese industrial and science parks: bridging the gap. The Professional Geographer 54 (2002) 349-364
    • (2002) The Professional Geographer , vol.54 , pp. 349-364
    • Walcott, S.M.1
  • 68
    • 33644969411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sponsored spin-offs, industrial growth and change
    • Wallin M.W., and Dahlstrand A.L. Sponsored spin-offs, industrial growth and change. Technovation 26 5-6 (2006) 611-620
    • (2006) Technovation , vol.26 , Issue.5-6 , pp. 611-620
    • Wallin, M.W.1    Dahlstrand, A.L.2
  • 69
    • 0001042827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In search of innovativeness: the case of Zhong'guancun
    • Malecki E.J., and Oinas P. (Eds), Ashgate, Aldershot
    • Wang J.C. In search of innovativeness: the case of Zhong'guancun. In: Malecki E.J., and Oinas P. (Eds). Making Connections. Technological Learning and Regional Economic Change (1999), Ashgate, Aldershot 205-230
    • (1999) Making Connections. Technological Learning and Regional Economic Change , pp. 205-230
    • Wang, J.C.1
  • 70
    • 0141736791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Market reforms, technological capabilities and the performance of small enterprises in China
    • Wang Y.P., and Yao Y. Market reforms, technological capabilities and the performance of small enterprises in China. Small Business Economics 18 (2002) 197-211
    • (2002) Small Business Economics , vol.18 , pp. 197-211
    • Wang, Y.P.1    Yao, Y.2
  • 71
    • 0031232351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The market route to mass higher education: new approaches, new issues
    • Williams G. The market route to mass higher education: new approaches, new issues. Higher Education Policy 10 (1997) 275-289
    • (1997) Higher Education Policy , vol.10 , pp. 275-289
    • Williams, G.1
  • 72
    • 41149089826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Bank, 2003. Improving city competitiveness through the investment climate: ranking 23 Chinese cities. Dollar, D., Shi, A.Q., Wang, Sh.L., Xu, L.X. (Eds.). 2003.12.16. 〈www.worldbank.org.cn/English/content/23cities.pdf〉
    • World Bank, 2003. Improving city competitiveness through the investment climate: ranking 23 Chinese cities. Dollar, D., Shi, A.Q., Wang, Sh.L., Xu, L.X. (Eds.). 2003.12.16. 〈www.worldbank.org.cn/English/content/23cities.pdf〉
  • 73
    • 4544269129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sequential learning in a Chinese spin-off: the case of Lenovo Group Limited
    • Xie W., and White S. Sequential learning in a Chinese spin-off: the case of Lenovo Group Limited. R&D Management 34 (2004) 407-422
    • (2004) R&D Management , vol.34 , pp. 407-422
    • Xie, W.1    White, S.2
  • 74
    • 41149099153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Xu, M.H., Bao, H.B., Chen, J.Q., 2004. The economic analysis of the enterprises' patenting in Zhejiang. Zhejiang Administration School, Hangzhou. Paper Presented at the Second Globelics Conference, 16-20 October 2004, Beijing.
    • Xu, M.H., Bao, H.B., Chen, J.Q., 2004. The economic analysis of the enterprises' patenting in Zhejiang. Zhejiang Administration School, Hangzhou. Paper Presented at the Second Globelics Conference, 16-20 October 2004, Beijing.
  • 75
    • 41149121738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Xue, L., 2004. University market linkages in China: the case of university-affiliated enterprises. Paper Presented at the Symposium on University, Research Institute and Industry Relations in the US, Taiwan and Mainland China, Stanford University, 7th-9th September 2004, Stanford.
    • Xue, L., 2004. University market linkages in China: the case of university-affiliated enterprises. Paper Presented at the Symposium on University, Research Institute and Industry Relations in the US, Taiwan and Mainland China, Stanford University, 7th-9th September 2004, Stanford.
  • 76
    • 23044520398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tensions between the global and the local: a comparative illustration of the reorganisation of China's higher education in the 1950s and the 1990s
    • Yang R. Tensions between the global and the local: a comparative illustration of the reorganisation of China's higher education in the 1950s and the 1990s. Higher Education 39 (2000) 319-337
    • (2000) Higher Education , vol.39 , pp. 319-337
    • Yang, R.1
  • 77
    • 41149148761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Young, T., 1999. Report on US Delegation Visit to the People's Republic of China on Intellectual Property Rights and Technology Transfer (November 28th-December 15th 1998). The Journal of the Association of University Technology Managers 1999. 〈www.autm.net/pubs/journal/99/china.html〉
    • Young, T., 1999. Report on US Delegation Visit to the People's Republic of China on Intellectual Property Rights and Technology Transfer (November 28th-December 15th 1998). The Journal of the Association of University Technology Managers 1999. 〈www.autm.net/pubs/journal/99/china.html〉
  • 78
    • 27844607272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Restructuring of China's Higher Education: an experience for market economy and knowledge economy
    • Zhao J.Sh., and Guo J.Y. The Restructuring of China's Higher Education: an experience for market economy and knowledge economy. Educational Philosophy and Theory 34 (2002) 207-221
    • (2002) Educational Philosophy and Theory , vol.34 , pp. 207-221
    • Zhao, J.Sh.1    Guo, J.Y.2
  • 79
    • 41149163859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Zhao, M.L., Zhou, Feng, 2004. Report on the Performance of University-Owned Firms in the Zhongguancun Science Park. Paper presented at the Symposium on 'University, Research Institute and Industry Relations in the US, Taiwan and Mainland China', Stanford University, 7th-9th September 2004, Stanford.
    • Zhao, M.L., Zhou, Feng, 2004. Report on the Performance of University-Owned Firms in the Zhongguancun Science Park. Paper presented at the Symposium on 'University, Research Institute and Industry Relations in the US, Taiwan and Mainland China', Stanford University, 7th-9th September 2004, Stanford.
  • 80
    • 21644441809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The making of an innovative region from a centrally planned economy: institutional evolution in Zhongguancun Science Park in Beijing
    • Zhou Y. The making of an innovative region from a centrally planned economy: institutional evolution in Zhongguancun Science Park in Beijing. Environment and Planning A 37 (2005) 1113-1134
    • (2005) Environment and Planning A , vol.37 , pp. 1113-1134
    • Zhou, Y.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.