Artificial liver support systems in the management of complications of cirrhosis

Seminars in Liver Disease

Volumn 28, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 96-109

  Stadlbauer, Vanessa ^a   Davies, Nathan A ^a   Sen, Sambit ^a   Jalan, Rajiv ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Acute on chronic liver failure; Artificial liver support; Bioartificial liver support; Complications of cirrhosis

Indexed keywords

ALBUMIN DIALYSIS; ARTIFICIAL LIVER; BIOARTIFICIAL LIVER; BLOOD CLOTTING; HUMAN; INFECTION; INFLAMMATION; KIDNEY FUNCTION; LIVER CELL; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; LIVER FUNCTION; LIVER SUPPORT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SURVIVAL RATE;

EQUIPMENT DESIGN; HUMANS; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; LIVER FAILURE; LIVER, ARTIFICIAL; SURVIVAL RATE; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 40149098891     PISSN: 02728087     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1040324     Document Type: Review

References (108)

1. World Health Organization. Projections of mortality and burden of disease to 2030. Available at: http://www.who.int/healthinfo/statistics/ bodprojections2030/en/index.html
2. Jalan R, Williams R. Acute-on-chronic liver failure: pathophysiological basis of therapeutic options. Blood Purif 2002;20:252-261
3. Jalan R, Stadibauer V, Sen S, et al. Natural history of acute decompensation of cirrhosis: the basis of the definition, prognosis and pathophysiology of acute on chronic liver failure. Hepatology 2006;44:371A
4. Stockmann HB, Ijzermans JN. Prospects for the temporary treatment of acute liver failure. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2002;14:195-203
5. Shawcross DL, Davies NA, Williams R, Jalan R. Systemic inflammatory response exacerbates the neuropsychological effects of induced hyperammonemia in cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2004;40:247-254
6. Shawcross DL, Wright G, Olde Damink SW, Jalan R. Role of ammonia and inflammation in minimal hepatic encephalopathy. Metab Brain Dis 2007;22:125-138
7. Wright G, Davies NA, Shawcross DL, et al. Endotoxemia produces coma and brain swelling in bile duct-ligated rats. Hepatology 2007;45:1517-1526
8. Mookerjee RP, Sen S, Davies NA, Hodges SJ, Williams R, Jalan R. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha is an important mediator of portal and systemic haemodynamic derangements in alcoholic hepatitis. Gut 2003;52:1182-1187
9. Mookerjee RP, Malaki M, Davies NA, et al. Increasing dimethylarginine levels are associated with adverse clinical outcome in severe alcoholic hepatitis. Hepatology 2007;45:62-71
10. Mookerjee RP, Dalton RN, Davies NA, et al. Inflammation is an important determinant of levels of the endogenous nitric oxide synthase inhibitor asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in acute liver failure. Liver Transpl 2007;13:400-405
11. Moreau R, Lebrec D. The use of vasoconstrictors in patients with cirrhosis: type 1 HRS and beyond. Hepatology 2006;43:385-394
12. Genesca J, Gonzalez A, Segura R, et al. Interleukin-6, nitric oxide, and the clinical and hemodynamic alterations of patients with liver cirrhosis. Am J Gastroenterol 1999;94:169-177
13. Kurtovic J, Boyle M, Bihari D, Riordan SM. Nitric-oxide-lowering effect of terlipressin in decompensated cirrhosis: comparison to the molecular adsorbent recirculating system and correlation with clinical status. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2004;16:1335-1338
14. Sen S, Davies NA, Mookerjee RP, et al. Pathophysiological effects of albumin dialysis in acute-on-chronic liver failure: a randomized controlled study. Liver Transpl 2004;10:1109-1119
15. Mookerjee RP, Stadibauer V, Lidder S, et al. Neutrophil dysfunction in alcoholic hepatitis superimposed on cirrhosis is reversible and predicts outcome. Hepatology 2007;46:831-840
16. Allen JW, Hassanein T, Bhatia SN. Advances in bioartificial liver devices. Hepatology 2001;34:447-455
17. Strain AJ, Neuberger JM. A bioartificial liver: state of the art. Science 2002;295:1005-1009
18. Chamuleau RA, Deurholt T, Hoekstra R. Which are the right cells to be used in a bioartificial liver? Metab Brain Dis 2005;20:327-335
19. Di Nicuolo G, van de Kerkhove MP, Hoekstra R, et al. No evidence of in vitro and in vivo porcine endogenous retrovirus infection after plasmapheresis through the AMC-bioartificial liver. Xenotransplantation 2005;12:286-292
20. Busse B, Gerlach JC. Bioreactors for hybrid liver support: historical aspects and novel designs. Ann NY Acad Sci 1999;875:326-339
21. Ash SR, Steczko J, Knab WR, et al. Push-pull sorbent-based pheresis and hemodiabsorption in the treatment of hepatic failure: preliminary results of a clinical trial with the BioLogic-DTPF System. Ther Apher 2000;4:218-228
22. Rozga J. Liver support technology: an update. Xenotransplantation 2006;13:380-389
23. Jalan R, Kapoor D. Reversal of diuretic-induced hepatic encephalopathy with infusion of albumin but not colloid. Clin Sci (Lond) 2004;106:467-474
24. Ortega R, Ginès P, Uriz J, et al. Terlipressin therapy with and without albumin for patients with hepatorenal syndrome: results of a prospective, nonrandomized study. Hepatology 2002;36:941-948
25. Sort P, Navasa M, Arroyo V, et al. Effect of intravenous albumin on renal impairment and mortality in patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. N Engl J Med 1999;341:403-409
26. Quinlan GJ, Martin GS, Evans TW. Albumin: biochemical properties and therapeutic potential. Hepatology 2005;41:1211-1219
27. Davies NA, Schnurr K, Sen S, Hodges SJ, Matthes G, Jalan R. Serum albumin shows conformational, structural and functional abnormalities in cirrhotic patients, which worsens with severity of liver disease and are unaffected by albumin dialysis. Hepatology 2005;42:A66
28. Oettl K, Greilberger J, Stadibauer V, et al. Redox state of serum albumin and carbonyl content of plasma proteins in advanced liver disease. Free Radic Res 2006;40:S151
29. Stange J, Randow W, Mitzner S, Schmidt R, Klinkmann H. Dialysis against a recycled albumin solution enables the removal of albumin-bound toxins. Artif Organs 1993;17:809-813
30. Mitzner SR, Stange J, Klammt S, et al. Improvement of hepatorenal syndrome with extracorporeal albumin dialysis MARS: results of a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Liver Transpl 2000;6:277-286
31. Heemann U, Treichel U, Loock J, et al. Albumin dialysis in cirrhosis with superimposed acute liver injury: a prospective, controlled study. Hepatology 2002;36:949-958
32. Falkenhagen D, Strobl W, Vogt G, et al. Fractionated plasma separation and adsorption system: a novel system for blood purification to remove albumin bound substances. Artif Organs 1999;23:81-86
33. Rifai K, Ernst T, Kretschmer U, et al. Prometheus: a new extracorporeal system for the treatment of liver failure. J Hepatol 2003;39:984-990
34. Peszynski P, Klammt S, Peters E, Mitzner S, Stange J, Schmidt R. Albumin dialysis: single pass vs. recirculation (MARS). Liver 2002;22(suppl 2):40-42
35. Sauer IM, Goetz M, Steffen I, et al. In vitro comparison of the molecular adsorbent recirculation system (MARS) and single-pass albumin dialysis (SPAD). Hepatology 2004;39:1408-1414
36. Sauer IM, Zeilinger K, Obermayer N, et al. Primary human liver cells as source for modular extracorporeal liver support: a preliminary report. Int J Artif Organs 2002;25:1001-1005
37. Mazariegos GV, Patzer JF II, Lopez RC, et al. First clinical use of a novel bioartificial liver support system (BLSS). Am J Transplant 2002;2:260-266
38. Dorrell C, Grompe M. Liver repair by intra- and extrahepatic progenitors. Stem Cell Rev 2005;1:61-64
39. Oh SH, Hatch HM, Petersen BE. Hepatic oval "stem" cell in liver regeneration. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2002;13:405-409
40. Hughes RD, Cochrane AM, Thomson AD, Murray-Lyon IM, Williams R. The cytotoxicity of plasma from patients with acute hepatic failure to isolated rabbit hepatocytes. Br J Exp Pathol 1976;57:348-353
41. Miwa Y, Ellis AJ, Hughes RD, Langley PG, Wendon JA, Williams R. Effect of ELAD liver support on plasma HGF and TGF-beta 1 in acute liver failure. Int J Artif Organs 1996;19:240-244
42. Hughes RD, Nicolaou N, Langley PG, Ellis AJ, Wendon JA, Williams R. Plasma cytokine levels and coagulation and complement activation during use of the extracorporeal liver assist device in acute liver failure. Artif Organs 1998;22:854-858
43. Hurley JC, Tosolini FA, Louis WJ. Quantitative Limulus lysate assay for endotoxin and the effect of plasma. J Clin Pathol 1991;44:849-854
44. Abdala E, Baia CES, Mies S, et al. Bacterial translocation during liver transplantation: a randomized trial comparing conventional with venovenous bypass vs. piggyback methods. Liver Transpl 2007;13:488-496
45. Liu Q, Duan ZP, Huang C, Zhao CH. Evaluation of effect of hybrid bioartificial liver using end-stage liver disease model. World J Gastroenterol 2004;10:1379-1381
46. Mitzner S, Loock J, Peszynski P, et al. Improvement in central nervous system functions during treatment of liver failure with albumin dialysis MARS: a review of clinical, biochemical, and electrophysiological data. Metab Brain Dis 2002;17:463-475
47. Jalan R, Sen S. Extracorporeal albumin dialysis for intoxication from protein-bound agents. Crit Care Med 2004;32:1436-1437; author reply 1437
48. Sen S, Ytrebo LM, Rose C, et al. Albumin dialysis: a new therapeutic strategy for intoxication from protein-bound drugs. Intensive Care Med 2004;30:496-501
49. Stange J, Mitzner S, Ramlow W, Gliesche T, Hickstein H, Schmidt R. A new procedure for the removal of protein-bound drugs and toxins. ASAIO J 1993;39:M621-M625
50. Stange J, Mitzner S. A carrier-mediated transport of toxins in a hybrid membrane: safety barrier between a patient's blood and a bioartificial liver. Int J Artif Organs 1996;19:677-691
51. Laleman W, Wilmer A, Evenepoel P, et al. Effect of the Molecular Adsorbent Recirculating System and Prometheus devices on systemic haemodynamics and vasoactive agents in patients with acute-on-chronic alcoholic liver failure. Crit Care 2006;10:R108
52. Stadlbauer V, Krisper P, Aigner R, et al. Effect of extracorporeal liver support by MARS and Prometheus on serum cytokines in acute-on-chronic liver failure. Crit Care 2006;10:R169
53. Sen S, Ratnaraj N, Davies NA, et al. Treatment of phenytoin toxicity by the molecular adsorbents recirculating system (MARS). Epilepsia 2003;44:265-267
54. Stadlbauer V, Krisper P, Beuers U, et al. Removal of bile acids by two different extracorporeal liver support systems in acute-on-chronic liver failure. ASAIO J 2007;53:187-193
55. Krisper P, Haditsch B, Stauber R, et al. In vivo quantification of liver dialysis: comparison of albumin dialysis and fractionated plasma separation. J Hepatol 2005;43:451-457
56. Catalina MV, Barrio J, Anaya F, et al. Hepatic and systemic haemodynamic changes after MARS in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure. Liver Int 2003;23(suppl 3):39-43
57. Sen S, Mookerjee RP, Cheshire LM, Davies NA, Williams R, Jalan R. Albumin dialysis reduces portal pressure acutely in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis. J Hepatol 2005;43:142-148
58. Stange J, Mitzner SR, Risler T, et al. Molecular adsorbent recycling system (MARS): clinical results of a new membrane-based blood purification system for bioartificial liver support. Artif Organs 1999;23:319-330
59. Sorkine P, Ben Abraham R, Szold O, et al. Role of the molecular adsorbent recycling system (MARS) in the treatment of patients with acute exacerbation of chronic liver failure. Crit Care Med 2001;29:1332-1336
60. Rifai K, Ernst T, Kretschmer U, et al. The Prometheus device for extracorporeal support of combined liver and renal failure. Blood Purif 2005;23:298-302
61. Henriksen JH, Moller S, Schifter S, Bendtsen F. Increased arterial compliance in decompensated cirrhosis. J Hepatol 1999;31:712-718
62. Schrier RW, Arroyo V, Bernardi M, Epstein M, Henriksen JH, Rodés J. Peripheral arterial vasodilation hypothesis: a proposal for the initiation of renal sodium and water retention in cirrhosis. Hepatology 1988;8:1151-1157
63. Mitzner SR, Klammt S, Peszynski P, et al. Improvement of multiple organ functions in hepatorenal syndrome during albumin dialysis with the molecular adsorbent recirculating system. Ther Apher 2001;5:417-422
64. Schmidt LE, Wang LP, Hansen BA, Larsen FS. Systemic hemodynamic effects of treatment with the molecular adsorbents recirculating system in patients with hyperacute liver failure: a prospective controlled trial. Liver Transpl 2003;9:290-297
65. Schmidt LE, Sorensen VR, Svendsen LB, Hansen BA, Larsen FS. Hemodynamic changes during a single treatment with the molecular adsorbents recirculating system in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure. Liver Transpl 2001;7:1034-1039
66. Fernández J, Navasa M, Garcia-Pagan JC, et al. Effect of intravenous albumin on systemic and hepatic hemodynamics and vasoactive neurohormonal systems in patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. J Hepatol 2004;41:384-390
67. Stadlbauer V, Wright GAK, Banaji M, et al. Relationship between activation of the sympathetic nervous system and renal blood flow autoregulation in cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 2007; October 29 (Epub ahead of print)
68. Jalan R, Mookerjee RP, Sen S, Redhead DN, Hayes PC, Williams R. Effect of TIPSS, terlipression, anti-TNF and paracentesis on renal blood flow autoregulation: new insights into the pathophysiological basis of renal dysfunction in cirrhosis. Hepatology 2004;40:A1091
69. Hassanein TI, Tofteng F, Brown RS Jr, et al. Randomized controlled study of extracorporeal albumin dialysis for hepatic encephalopathy in advanced cirrhosis. Hepatology 2007;46:1853-1862
70. Sen S, Rose C, Ytrebo LM, et al. Effect of albumin dialysis on intracranial pressure increase in pigs with acute liver failure: a randomized study. Crit Care Med 2006;34:158-164
71. Hiroma T, Nakamura T, Tamura M, Kaneko T, Komiyama A. Continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration in neonatal onset hyperammonemia. Am J Perinatol 2002;19:221-224
72. Cordoba J, Blei AT, Mujais S. Determinants of ammonia clearance by hemodialysis. Artif Organs 1996;20:800-803
73. Opolon P, Rapin JR, Huguet C, et al. Hepatic failure coma (HFC) treated by polyacrylonitrile membrane (PAN) hemodialysis (HD). Trans Am Soc Artif Intern Organs 1976;22:701-710
74. Kiley JE, Welch HF, Pender JC, Welch CS. Removal of blood ammonia by hemodialysis. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1956;91:489-490
75. Schmidt LE, Svendsen LB, Sorensen VR, Hansen BA, Larsen FS. Cerebral blood flow velocity increases during a single treatment with the Molecular Adsorbents Recirculating System in patients with acute on chronic liver failure. Liver Transpl 2001;7:709-712
76. Liu J, Kjaergard LL, Als-Nielsen B, Gluud C. Artificial and bioartificial support systems for liver failure: a Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group Protocol. Liver 2002;22:433-438
77. Samuel D, Ichai P, Feray C, et al. Neurological improvement during bioartificial liver sessions in patients with acute liver failure awaiting transplantation. Transplantation 2002;73:257-264
78. Demetriou AA, Brown RS Jr, Busuttil RW, et al. Prospective, randomized, multicenter, controlled trial of a bioartificial liver in treating acute liver failure. Ann Surg 2004;239:660-667; discussion 667-70
79. Sen S, Williams R, Jalan R. The pathophysiological basis of acute-on-chronic liver failure. Liver 2002;22(suppl 2):5-13
80. Rifai K, Ernst T, Kretschmer U, Haller H, Manns MP, Fliser D. Removal selectivity of Prometheus: a new extracorporeal liver support device. World J Gastroenterol 2006;12:940-944
81. Doria C, Marino IR. Bacteremia using the molecular adsorbent recirculating system in patients bridged to liver transplantation. Exp Clin Transplant 2005;3:289-292
82. Rifai K, Manns MP. Review article: clinical experience with Prometheus. Ther Apher Dial 2006;10:132-137
83. Doria C, Mandala L, Smith JD, et al. Thromboelastography used to assess coagulation during treatment with molecular adsorbent recirculating system. Clin Transplant 2004;18:365-371
84. Bachli EB, Schuepbach RA, Maggiorini M, Stocker R, Mullhaupt B, Renner EL. Artificial liver support with the Molecular Adsorbent Recirculating System: activation of coagulation and bleeding complications. Liver Int 2007;27:475-484
85. Faybik P, Bacher A, Kozek-Langenecker SA, et al. Molecular adsorbent recirculating system and hemostasis in patients at high risk of bleeding: an observational study. Crit Care 2006;10:R24
86. Pedersen RA, Kim WR, Sen S, et al. Is there really no life on MARS? Hepatology 2004;40:LB13
87. Chen SC, Hewitt WR, Watanabe FD, et al. Clinical experience with a porcine hepatocyte-based liver support system. Int J Artif Organs 1996;19:664-669
88. Watanabe FD, Mullon CJ, Hewitt WR, et al. Clinical experience with a bioartificial liver in the treatment of severe liver failure: a phase I clinical trial. Ann Surg 1997;225:484-491; discussion 491-494
89. van de Kerkhove MP, Di Florio E, Scuderi V, et al. Phase I clinical trial with the AMC-bioartificial liver. Int J Artif Organs 2002;25:950-959
90. Neuzil DF, Rozga J, Moscioni AD, et al. Use of a novel bioartificial liver in a patient with acute liver insufficiency. Surgery 1993;113:340-343
91. Ellis AJ, Hughes RD, Nicholl D, et al. Temporary extracorporeal liver support for severe acute alcoholic hepatitis using the BioLogic-DT. Int J Artif Organs 1999;22:27-34
92. Sauer IM, Kardassis D, Zeillinger K, et al. Clinical extracorporeal hybrid liver support: phase I study with primary porcine liver cells. Xenotransplantation 2003;10:460-469
93. Khuroo MS, Farahat KL. Molecular adsorbent recirculating system for acute and acute-on-chronic liver failure: a meta-analysis. Liver Transpl 2004;10:1099-1106
94. El Banayosy A, Kizner L, Schueler V, Bergmeier S, Cobaugh D, Koerfer R. First use of the Molecular Adsorbent Recirculating System technique on patients with hypoxic liver failure after cardiogenic shock. ASAIO J 2004;50:332-337
95. Chen S, Zhang L, Shi Y, Yang X, Wang M. Molecular Adsorbent Recirculating System: clinical experience in patients with liver failure based on hepatitis B in China. Liver 2002;22(suppl 2):48-51
96. Hessel FP, Mitzner SR, Rief J, Guellstorff B, Steiner S, Wasem J. Economic evaluation and 1-year survival analysis of MARS in patients with alcoholic liver disease. Liver Int 2003;23(suppl 3):66-72
97. Stange J. Meta-analysis in albumin dialysis: are we really ready for it? Liver Transpl 2004;10:1107-1108
98. Camus C, Lavoue S, Gacouin A, et al. Molecular adsorbent recirculating system dialysis in patients with acute liver failure who are assessed for liver transplantation. Intensive Care Med 2006;32:1817-1825
99. Stange J, Hassanein T, Lynch P, et al. Short-term survival of patients with severe intractable hepatic encephalopathy: the role of albumin dialysis. Hepatology 2005;42:285A
100. Evenepoel P, Laleman W, Wilmer A, et al. Detoxifying capacity and kinetics of Prometheus: a new extracorporeal system for the treatment of liver failure. Blood Purif 2005;23:349-358
101. Liu JP, Gluud LL, Als-Nielsen B, Gluud C. Artificial and bioartificial support systems for liver failure. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004:CD003628
102. Mareels G, Poyck PP, Eloot S, Chamuleau RA, Verdonck PR. Three-dimensional numerical modeling and computational fluid dynamics simulations to analyze and improve oxygen availability in the AMC bioartificial liver. Ann Biomed Eng 2006;34:1729-1744
103. Poyck PP, Hoekstra R, Chhatta A, et al. Time-related analysis of metabolic liver functions, cellular morphology, and gene expression of hepatocytes cultured in the bioartificial liver of the Academic Medical Center in Amsterdam (AMC-BAL). Tissue Eng 2007;13:1235-1246
104. Dhawan A, Mitry RR, Hughes RD. Hepatocyte transplantation for metabolic disorders: experience at King's College hospital and review of literature. Acta Gastroenterol Belg 2005;68:457-460
105. Aleem Khan A, Parveen N, Habeeb MA, Habibullah CM. Journey from hepatocyte transplantation to hepatic stem cells: a novel treatment strategy for liver diseases. Indian J Med Res 2006;123:601-614
106. Jalan R, Sen S, Williams R. Prospects for extracorporeal liver support. Gut 2004;53:890-898
107. Sugio S, Kashima A, Mochizuki S, Noda M, Kobayashi K. Crystal structure of human serum albumin at 2.5 A resolution. Protein Eng 1999;12:439-446
108. Curry S, Brick P, Franks NP. Fatty acid binding to human serum albumin: new insights from crystallographic studies. Biochim Biophys Acta 1999;1441:131-140