Meta-analysis: Metformin Treatment in Persons at Risk for Diabetes Mellitus

American Journal of Medicine

Volumn 121, Issue 2, 2008, Pages

  Salpeter, Shelley R ^a,b   Buckley, Nicholas S ^c   Kahn, Justin A ^d   Salpeter, Edwin E ^e  

^a SANTA CLARA VALLEY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b STANFORD UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c Sequoia High School   (United States)

^d Gunn High School   (United States)

^e Department of Obstetrics Gynecology   (United States)

Author keywords

Diabetes mellitus; Insulin resistance; Meta analysis; Metformin; Obesity; Risk factors

Indexed keywords

GLUCOSE; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; INSULIN; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; METFORMIN; PLACEBO; TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

ARTICLE; BODY MASS; CINAHL; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL; DIABETES MELLITUS; EMBASE; HUMAN; INSULIN RESISTANCE; MEDLINE; META ANALYSIS; METABOLIC PARAMETERS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK; RISK REDUCTION; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW;

ADULT; BLOOD GLUCOSE; BODY MASS INDEX; DIABETES MELLITUS; HUMANS; HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS; INSULIN RESISTANCE; LIPOPROTEINS; METFORMIN; MIDDLE AGED; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTORS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 38849184562     PISSN: 00029343     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2007.09.016     Document Type: Article

References (93)

1. King H., Aubert R.E., and Herman W.H. Global burden of diabetes, 1995-2025: prevalence, numerical estimates, and projections. Diabetes Care 21 (1998) 1414-1431
2. Hedley A.A., Ogden C.L., Johnson C.L., et al. Prevalence of overweight and obesity among US children, adolescents, and adults, 1999-2002. JAMA 291 (2004) 2847-2850
3. Narayan K.M., Boyle J.P., Thompson T.J., et al. Lifetime risk for diabetes mellitus in the United States. JAMA 290 (2003) 1884-1890
4. Brown A.S. Lipid management in patients with diabetes mellitus. Am J Cardiol. 96 (2005) 26E-32E
5. Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) final report. Circulation 106 (2002) 3143-3421
6. Kannel W.B., and McGee D.L. Diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors in the Framingham Study. JAMA 38 (1978) 46-51
7. Haffner S.M., Lehto S., Ronnemass T., et al. Mortality from coronary heart disease in subjects with type 2 diabetes and in nondiabetic subjects with and without prior myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 339 (1998) 229-234
8. Almdal T., Scharling J., Jensen J.S., and Vestergaard H. The independent effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus on ischemic heart disease, stroke and death. Arch Intern Med. 164 (2004) 1422-1426
9. Standards of medical care in diabetes. Diabetes Care 28 Suppl 1 (2005) S4-S36
10. Grundy S.M., Brewer H.B., Cleeman J.I., et al. Definition of metabolic syndrome. Report of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute/American Heart Association conference on scientific Issues related to definition. Circulation 109 (2004) 433-438
11. Michelmore K.F., Balen A.H., Dunger D.B., and Vessey M.P. Polycystic ovaries and associated clinical and biochemical features in young women. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 51 (1999) 779-786
12. Tuomilehto J., Lindstrom J., Eriksson J.G., et al. Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus by changes in lifestyle among subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. N Engl J Med. 344 (2001) 1343-1350
13. Pan X.R., Li G.W., Hu Y.H., et al. Effects of diet and exercise in preventing NIDDM in people with impaired glucose tolerance. The Da Qing IGT and Diabetes Study. Diabetes Care 20 (1997) 537-544
14. Orchard T.J., Temprosa M., Goldberg R., et al. The effect of metformin and intensive lifestyle intervention on the metabolic syndrome: the Diabetes Prevention Program randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 142 (2005) 611-619
15. Ramachandran A., Snehalatha C., Mary S., et al. The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia 49 (2006) 289-297
16. Wing R.R., Venditti E., Jakicic J.M., et al. Lifestyle intervention in overweight individuals with a family history of diabetes. Diabetes Care 21 (1998) 350-359
17. Kosaka K., Noda M., and Kuzuya T. Prevention of type 2 diabetes by lifestyle intervention: a Japanese trial in IGT males. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 67 (2005) 152-162
18. Hadigan C., Meigs J.B., Corcoran C., et al. Metabolic abnormalities and cardiovascular disease risk factors in adults with human immunodeficiency virus infection and lipodystrophy. Clin Infect Dis. 32 (2001) 130-139
19. Onalan G., Goktolga U., Ceyhan T., et al. Predictive value of glucose-insulin ratio in PCOS and profile of women who will benefit from metformin therapy: obese, lean, hyper or normoinsulinemic?. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 123 (2005) 204-211
20. Mantel N., and Haenszel W. Statistical aspects of the analysis of data from retrospective studies of disease. J Natl Cancer Inst. 22 (1959) 719-748
21. Yusuf S., Peto R., Lewis J., et al. Beta blockade during and after myocardial infarction: an overview of the randomized trials. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 27 (1985) 335-371
22. Matthews D.R., Hosker J.P., Rudenski A.S., et al. Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia 28 (1985) 412-419
23. Bonora E., Targher G., Alberiche M., et al. Homeostasis model assessment closely mirrors the glucose clamp technique in the assessment of insulin sensitivity: studies in subjects with various degrees of glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Diabetes Care 23 (2000) 57-63
24. Altman D.G., and Bland J.M. Interaction revisited: the difference between two estimates. BMJ 326 (2003) 219
25. DerSimonian R., and Laird N. Meta-analysis in clinical trials. Control Clin Trials 7 (1986) 177-188
26. Sirtori C.R., Franceschini G., Gianfranceschi G., et al. Metformin improves peripheral vascular flow in nonhyperlipidemic patients with arterial disease. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 6 (1984) 914-923
27. Giugliano D., De Rosa N., Di Maro G., et al. Metformin improves glucose, lipid metabolism, and reduces blood pressure in hypertensive, obese women. Diabetes Care 16 (1993) 1387-1390
28. Crave J.C., Fimbel S., Lejeune H., et al. Effects of diet and metformin administration on sex hormone-binding globulin, androgens, and insulin in hirsute and obese women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 80 (1995) 2057-2062
29. Charles M.A., Morange P., Eschwege E., et al. Effect of weight change and metformin on fibrinolysis and the von Willebrand factor in obese nondiabetic subjects: the BIGPRO1 Study. Biguanides and the Prevention of the Risk of Obesity. Diabetes Care 21 (1998) 1967-1972
30. Li C.L., Pan C.Y., Lu J.M., et al. Effect of metformin on patients with impaired glucose tolerance. Diabet Med. 16 (1999) 477-481
31. Morel Y., Golay A., Perneger T., et al. Metformin treatment leads to an increase in basal, but not insulin-stimulated, glucose disposal in obese patients with impaired glucose tolerance. Diabet Med. 16 (1999) 650-655
32. Charles M.A., Eschwege E., Grandmottet P., et al. Treatment with metformin of non-diabetic men with hypertension, hypertriglyceridaemia and central fat distribution: the BIGPRO 1.2 trial. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 16 (2000) 2-7
33. Moghetti P., Castello R., Negri C., et al. Metformin effects on clinical features, endocrine and metabolic profiles, and insulin sensitivity in polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled 6-month trial, followed by open, long-term clinical evaluation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 85 (2000) 139-146
34. Pasquali R., Gambineri A., Biscotti D., et al. Effect of long-term treatment with metformin added to hypocaloric diet on body composition, fat distribution, and androgen and insulin levels in abdominally obese women with and without the polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 85 (2000) 2767-2774
35. Freemark M., and Bursey D. The effects of metformin on body mass index and glucose tolerance in obese adolescents with fasting hyperinsulinemia and a family history of type 2 diabetes. Pediatrics 107 (2001) E55
36. Kay J.P., Alemzadeh R., Langley G., et al. Beneficial effects of metformin in normoglycemic morbidly obese adolescents. Metabolism 50 (2001) 1457-1461
37. Lehtovirta M., Forsen B., Gullstrom M., et al. Metabolic effects of metformin in patients with impaired glucose tolerance. Diabet Med. 18 (2001) 578-583
38. Ng E.H., Wat N.M., and Ho P.C. Effects of metformin on ovulation rate, hormonal and metabolic profiles in women with clomiphene-resistant polycystic ovaries: a randomized, double-blinded placebo-controlled trial. Hum Reprod. 16 (2001) 1625-1631
39. Kelly C.J., and Gordon D. The effect of metformin on hirsutism in polycystic ovary syndrome. Eur J Endocrinol. 147 (2002) 217-221
40. Kocak M., Caliskan E., Simsir C., and Haberal A. Metformin therapy improves ovulatory rates, cervical scores, and pregnancy rates in clomiphene citrate-resistant women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril. 77 (2002) 101-106
41. Sturrock N.D., Lannon B., and Fay T.N. Metformin does not enhance ovulation induction in clomiphene resistant polycystic ovary syndrome in clinical practice. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 53 (2002) 469-473
42. Chou K.H., von Eye Corleta H., Capp E., and Spritzer P.M. Clinical, metabolic and endocrine parameters in response to metformin in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled trial. Horm Metab Res. 35 (2003) 86-91
43. Baillargeon J.P., Jakubowicz D.J., Iuorno M.J., et al. Effects of metformin and rosiglitazone, alone and in combination, in nonobese women with polycystic ovary syndrome and normal indices of insulin sensitivity. Fertil Steril. 82 (2004) 893-902
44. Gambineri A., Pelusi C., Genghini S., et al. Effect of flutamide and metformin administered alone or in combination in dieting obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 60 (2004) 241-249
45. Hoeger K.M., Kochman L., Wixom N., et al. A randomized, 48-week, placebo-controlled trial of intensive lifestyle modification and/or metformin therapy in overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a pilot study. Fertil Steril. 82 (2004) 421-429
46. Rodriguez Y., Giri M., Feyen E., and Christophe A.B. Effect of metformin vs. placebo treatment on serum fatty acids in non-diabetic obese insulin resistant individuals. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 71 (2004) 391-397
47. James A.P., Watts G.F., and Mamo J.C. The effect of metformin and rosiglitazone on postprandial lipid metabolism in obese insulin-resistant subjects. Diabetes Obes Metab. 7 (2005) 381-389
48. Rodriguez-Moctezuma J.R., Robles-Lopez G., Lopez-Carmona J.M., and Gutierrez-Rosas M.J. Effects of metformin on the body composition in subjects with risk factors for type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab. 7 (2005) 189-192
49. Stakos D.A., Schuster D.P., Sparks E.A., et al. Long term cardiovascular effects of oral antidiabetic agents in non-diabetic patients with insulin resistance: double blind, prospective, randomised study. Heart 91 (2005) 589-594
50. Vitale C., Mercuro G., Cornoldi A., et al. Metformin improves endothelial function in patients with metabolic syndrome. J Intern Med. 258 (2005) 250-256
51. Bridger T., MacDonald S., Baltzer F., and Rodd C. Randomized placebo-controlled trial of metformin for adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 160 (2006) 241-246
52. Fleming R., Hopkinson Z.E., Wallace A.M., et al. Ovarian function and metabolic factors in women with oligomenorrhea treated with metformin in a randomized double blind placebo-controlled trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 87 (2002) 569-574
53. Srinivasan S., Ambler G.R., Baur L.A., et al. Randomized, controlled trial of metformin for obesity and insulin resistance in children and adolescents: improvement in body composition and fasting insulin. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 91 (2006) 2074-2080
54. Tang T., Glanville J., Hayden C.J., et al. Combined lifestyle modification and metformin in obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind multicentre study. Hum Reprod. 21 (2006) 80-89
55. Fontbonne A., Charles M.A., Juhan-Vague I., et al. The effect of metformin on the metabolic abnormalities associated with upper-body fat distribution. BIGPRO Study Group. Diabetes Care 19 (1996) 920-926
56. Knowler W.C., Barrett-Connor E., Fowler S.E., et al. Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin. N Engl J Med. 346 (2002) 393-403
57. Fujimoto W.Y., Jablonski K.A., Bray G.A., et al. Body size and shape changes and the risk of diabetes in the diabetes prevention program. Diabetes 56 (2007) 1680-1685
58. Effects of withdrawal from metformin on the development of diabetes in the diabetes prevention program. Diabetes Care 26 (2003) 977-980
59. Chan J.M., Rimm E.B., Colditz G.A., et al. Obesity, fat distribution, and weight gain as risk factors for clinical diabetes in men. Diabetes Care 17 (1994) 961-969
60. Colditz G.A., Willett W.C., Rotnitzky A., and Manson J.E. Weight gain as a risk factor for clinical diabetes mellitus in women. Ann Intern Med. 122 (1995) 481-486
61. Martin B.C., and Warram J.H. Role of glucose and insulin resistance in development of type 2 diabetes mellitus: results of a 25-year follow-up study. Lancet 340 (1992) 925-929
62. Goldstein B.J. Insulin resistance: from benign to type 2 diabetes mellitus. Rev Cardiovasc Med. 4 Suppl 6 (2003) S3-S10
63. Markovic T.P., Jenkins A.B., Campbell L.V., et al. The determinants of glycemic responses to diet restriction and weight loss in obesity and NIDDM. Diabetes Care 21 (1998) 687-694
64. Goodpaster B.H., Kelley D.E., Wing R.R., et al. Effects of weight loss on regional fat distribution and insulin sensitivity in obesity. Diabetes 48 (1999) 839-847
65. Weyer C., Hanson K., Bogardus C., and Pratley R.E. Long-term changes in insulin action and insulin secretion associated with gain, loss, regain and maintenance of body weight. Diabetologia 43 (2000) 36-46
66. Uusitupa M., Lindi V., Louheranta A., et al. Long-term improvement in insulin sensitivity by changing lifestyles of people with impaired glucose tolerance: 4-year results from the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study. Diabetes 52 (2003) 2532-2538
67. Koh-Banerjee P., Wang Y., Hu F.B., et al. Changes in body weight and body fat distribution as risk factors for clinical diabetes in US men. Am J Epidemiol. 159 (2004) 1150-1159
68. Sasso F.C., Carbonara O., Nastsi R., et al. Glucose metabolism and coronary heart disease in patients with normal glucose tolerance. JAMA 291 (2004) 1857-1863
69. Blake G.J., Pradham A.D., Manson J.E., et al. Hemoglobin A1c level and future cardiovascular events among women. Arch Intern Med. 164 (2004) 757-761
70. Bonora E., Formentini G., Calcaterra F., et al. HOMA-estimated insulin resistance is an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetic subjects. Diabetes Care 25 (2002) 1135-1141
71. Despres J.P., Lemieux I., Dagenais G.R., et al. HDL-cholesterol as a marker of coronary heart disease risk: the Quebec cardiovascular study. Atherosclerosis 153 (2000) 263-272
72. Stamler J., Daviglus M.L., Garside D.B., et al. Relationship of baseline serum cholesterol levels in 3 large cohorts of younger men to long-term coronary, cardiovascular, and all-cause mortality and to longevity. JAMA 284 (2000) 311-318
73. The Long-Term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischaemic Disease (LIPID) Study Group. Prevention of cardiovascular events and death with pravastatin in patients with coronary heart disease and a broad range of initial cholesterol levels. N Engl J Med. 339 (1998) 1349-1357
74. Downs J.R., Clearfield M., Weis S., et al. Primary prevention of acute coronary events with lovastatin in men and women with average cholesterol levels: results of AFCAPS/TexCAPS. Air Force/Texas Coronary Atherosclerosis Prevention Study. JAMA 279 (1998) 1615-1622
75. Sacks F.M., Pfeffer M.A., Moye L.A., et al. The effect of pravastatin on coronary events after myocardial infarction in patients with average cholesterol levels. Cholesterol and Recurrent Events Trial investigators. N Engl J Med. 335 (1996) 1001-1009
76. Robins S.J., Collins D., Wittes J.T., et al. Relation of gemfibrozil treatment and lipid levels with major coronary events. VA-HIT: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 285 (2001) 1585-1591
77. Despres J.P. Potential contribution of metformin to the management of cardiovascular disease risk in patients with abdominal obesity, the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Metab. 29 4 Pt 2 (2003) 6S53-6S61
78. UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Effect of intensive blood-glucose control with metformin on complications in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 34). Lancet 352 (1998) 854-865
79. Johnson J.A., Simpson S.H., Toth E.L., and Majumdar S.R. Reduced cardiovascular morbidity and mortality associated with metformin use in subjects with Type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med. 22 (2005) 497-502
80. Herman W.H., Hoerger T.J., Brandle M., et al. The cost-effectiveness of lifestyle modification or metformin in preventing type 2 diabetes in adults with impaired glucose tolerance. Ann Intern Med. 142 (2005) 323-332
81. Lord J.M., Flight I.H., and Norman R.J. Metformin in polycystic ovary syndrome: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 327 (2003) 951-953
82. DeFronzo R.A. Pharmacologic therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Ann Intern Med. 131 (1999) 281-303
83. Krentz A.J., and Bailey C.J. Oral antidiabetic agents: current role in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Drugs 65 (2005) 385-411
84. Eurich D.T., Majumdar S.R., McAlister F.A., et al. Improved clinical outcomes associated with metformin in patients with diabetes and heart failure. Diabetes Care 28 (2005) 2345-2351
85. Stang M., Wysowski D.K., and Butler-Jones D. Incidence of lactic acidosis in metformin users. Diabetes Care 22 (1999) 925-927
86. Aguilar C., Reza A., Garcia J.E., and Rull J.A. Biguanide related lactic acidosis: incidence and risk factors. Arch Med Res. 23 (1992) 19-24
87. Misbin R.I., Green L., Stadel B.V., et al. Lactic acidosis in patients with diabetes treated with metformin. N Engl J Med. 338 (1998) 265-266
88. Brown J.B., Pedula K., Barzilay J., et al. Lactic acidosis rates in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 21 (1998) 1659-1663
89. Luft D., Schmulling R.M., and Eggstein M. Lactic acidosis in biguanide-treated diabetics: a review of 330 cases. Diabetologia 14 (1978) 75-87
90. Salpeter S.R., Greyber E., Pasternak G.A., and Salpeter E.E. Risk of fatal and nonfatal lactic acidosis with metformin use in type 2 diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med. 163 (2003) 2594-2602
91. Salpeter S., Greyber E., Pasternak G., and Salpeter E. Risk of fatal and nonfatal lactic acidosis with metformin use in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. (2006) CD002967
92. Gerstein H.C., Yusuf S., Bosch J., et al. Effect of rosiglitazone on the frequency of diabetes in patients with impaired glucose tolerance or impaired fasting glucose: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 368 (2006) 1096-1105
93. Nissen S.E., and Wolski K. Effect of rosiglitazone on the risk of myocardial infarction and death from cardiovascular causes. N Engl J Med. 356 (2007) 2457-2471