메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 83, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 63-70

Sickle cell disease and pulmonary hypertension in Africa: A global perspective and review of epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARGININE; CELL ADHESION MOLECULE; ENDOTHELIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; HERBACEOUS AGENT; HYDROXYUREA; NIPRISAN; NITRIC OXIDE; NIX 0699; PHOSPHODIESTERASE V INHIBITOR; PROSTACYCLIN; PROSTANOID; SILDENAFIL; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 38349033336     PISSN: 03618609     EISSN: 10968652     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/ajh.21057     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (69)

References (77)
  • 1
    • 33846610962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The case for dedicated sickle cell centers
    • Serjeant GR. The case for dedicated sickle cell centers. Ind J Hum Genet 2006;12:148-151.
    • (2006) Ind J Hum Genet , vol.12 , pp. 148-151
    • Serjeant, G.R.1
  • 2
    • 38349058018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www.who.int/genomics/public/Maphaemoglobin.pdf
  • 3
    • 0028291736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Platt OS, Brambilla DJ, Rosse WF, et al. Mortality in sickle cell disease. Life expectancy and risk factors for early death. N Engl J Med 1994;330:1639-1644.
    • Platt OS, Brambilla DJ, Rosse WF, et al. Mortality in sickle cell disease. Life expectancy and risk factors for early death. N Engl J Med 1994;330:1639-1644.
  • 4
    • 10744233940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary hypertension as a risk factor for death in patients with sickle cell disease
    • Gladwin MT, Sachdev V, Jison ML, et al. Pulmonary hypertension as a risk factor for death in patients with sickle cell disease. N Engl J Med 2004;350:886-895.
    • (2004) N Engl J Med , vol.350 , pp. 886-895
    • Gladwin, M.T.1    Sachdev, V.2    Jison, M.L.3
  • 5
    • 14244257951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary hypertension in sickle cell disease
    • Ataga KI, Sood N, De Gent G, et al. Pulmonary hypertension in sickle cell disease. Am J Med 2004;117:665-669.
    • (2004) Am J Med , vol.117 , pp. 665-669
    • Ataga, K.I.1    Sood, N.2    De Gent, G.3
  • 6
    • 33645828205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary hypertension in thalassaemia major patients with normal left ventricular systolic function
    • Hagar RW, Morris CR, Vichinsky EP. Pulmonary hypertension in thalassaemia major patients with normal left ventricular systolic function. Br J Haematol 2006;133:433-435.
    • (2006) Br J Haematol , vol.133 , pp. 433-435
    • Hagar, R.W.1    Morris, C.R.2    Vichinsky, E.P.3
  • 7
    • 34047221441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent developments in the understanding and management of paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria
    • Hill A, Richards SJ, Hillmen P. Recent developments in the understanding and management of paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria. Br J Haematol 2007;137:181-192.
    • (2007) Br J Haematol , vol.137 , pp. 181-192
    • Hill, A.1    Richards, S.J.2    Hillmen, P.3
  • 9
    • 0033118835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of sickle cell disease
    • Steinberg MH. Management of sickle cell disease. N Engl J Med 1999;340:1021-1030.
    • (1999) N Engl J Med , vol.340 , pp. 1021-1030
    • Steinberg, M.H.1
  • 10
    • 0033198521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sickle cell acute chest syndrome:pathogenesis and rationale for treatment
    • Stuart MJ, Setty BN. Sickle cell acute chest syndrome:pathogenesis and rationale for treatment. Blood 1999;94:1555-1560.
    • (1999) Blood , vol.94 , pp. 1555-1560
    • Stuart, M.J.1    Setty, B.N.2
  • 11
    • 21444441271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dysregulated arginine metabolism, hemolysis-associated pulmonary hypertension and mortality in sickle cell disease
    • Morris CR, Kato GJ, Poljakovic M, et al. Dysregulated arginine metabolism, hemolysis-associated pulmonary hypertension and mortality in sickle cell disease. JAMA 2005;294:81-90.
    • (2005) JAMA , vol.294 , pp. 81-90
    • Morris, C.R.1    Kato, G.J.2    Poljakovic, M.3
  • 12
    • 0036908599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reiter CD, Wang X, Tanus-Santos JE, et al. Cell-free hemoglobin limits nitric oxide bioavailability in sickle-cell disease. Nat Med 2002;8:1383-1389. Epub 2002 Nov 11.
    • Reiter CD, Wang X, Tanus-Santos JE, et al. Cell-free hemoglobin limits nitric oxide bioavailability in sickle-cell disease. Nat Med 2002;8:1383-1389. Epub 2002 Nov 11.
  • 13
    • 15944398355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The clinical sequelae of intravascular hemolysis and extracellular plasma hemoglobin: A novel mechanism of human disease
    • Rother RP, Bell L, Hillmen P, Gladwin MT. The clinical sequelae of intravascular hemolysis and extracellular plasma hemoglobin: A novel mechanism of human disease. JAMA 2005;293:1653-1662.
    • (2005) JAMA , vol.293 , pp. 1653-1662
    • Rother, R.P.1    Bell, L.2    Hillmen, P.3    Gladwin, M.T.4
  • 14
    • 0025897375 scopus 로고
    • Spherocytosis and pulmonary hypertension coincidental occurrence or causal relationship?
    • Verresen D, De Backer W, Van Meerbeeck J, et al. Spherocytosis and pulmonary hypertension coincidental occurrence or causal relationship? Eur Respir J 1991;4:629-631.
    • (1991) Eur Respir J , vol.4 , pp. 629-631
    • Verresen, D.1    De Backer, W.2    Van Meerbeeck, J.3
  • 15
    • 33846279380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deconstructing sickle cell disease: Reappraisal of the role of hemolysis in the development of clinical subphenotypes
    • Epub Nov 7
    • Kato GJ, Gladwin MT, Steinberg MH. Deconstructing sickle cell disease: Reappraisal of the role of hemolysis in the development of clinical subphenotypes. Blood Rev 2007;21:37-47. Epub 2006 Nov 7.
    • (2006) Blood Rev 2007 , vol.21 , pp. 37-47
    • Kato, G.J.1    Gladwin, M.T.2    Steinberg, M.H.3
  • 16
    • 27644535417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nolan VG, Wyszynski DF, Fairer LA, Steinberg MH. Hemolysis-associated priapism in sickle cell disease. Blood 2005;106:3264-3267. Epub 2005 Jun 28.
    • Nolan VG, Wyszynski DF, Fairer LA, Steinberg MH. Hemolysis-associated priapism in sickle cell disease. Blood 2005;106:3264-3267. Epub 2005 Jun 28.
  • 17
    • 33646271370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sickle cell leg ulcers: Associations with haemolysis and SNPs in Klotho, TEK and genes of the TGF-beta/BMP pathway
    • Nolan VG, Adewoye A, Baldwin C, et al. Sickle cell leg ulcers: associations with haemolysis and SNPs in Klotho, TEK and genes of the TGF-beta/BMP pathway. Br J Haematol 2006;133:570-578.
    • (2006) Br J Haematol , vol.133 , pp. 570-578
    • Nolan, V.G.1    Adewoye, A.2    Baldwin, C.3
  • 18
    • 38349080956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severity of sickle cell disease: Modeling interrelationships among hemolysis, pulmonary hypertension and risk of death
    • Sebastiani P, Nolan VG, Baldwin CT, et al. Severity of sickle cell disease: Modeling interrelationships among hemolysis, pulmonary hypertension and risk of death. American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting 2007.
    • (2007) American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting
    • Sebastiani, P.1    Nolan, V.G.2    Baldwin, C.T.3
  • 19
    • 0028234283 scopus 로고
    • The acute chest syndrome in sickle cell disease: Incidence and risk factors. The Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease
    • Castro O, Brambilla DJ, Thorington B, et al. The acute chest syndrome in sickle cell disease: incidence and risk factors. The Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease. Blood 1994;84:643-649.
    • (1994) Blood , vol.84 , pp. 643-649
    • Castro, O.1    Brambilla, D.J.2    Thorington, B.3
  • 20
    • 26444579276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary hypertension in sickle cell disease: Mechanisms, diagnosis, and management
    • vii. Review
    • Castro O, Gladwin MT. Pulmonary hypertension in sickle cell disease: Mechanisms, diagnosis, and management. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2005;19:881-896, vii. Review.
    • (2005) Hematol Oncol Clin North Am , vol.19 , pp. 881-896
    • Castro, O.1    Gladwin, M.T.2
  • 21
    • 0023615359 scopus 로고
    • Primary pulmonary hypertension. A national prospective study
    • Rich S, Dantzker DR, Ayres SM, et al. Primary pulmonary hypertension. A national prospective study. Ann Intern Med 1987;107:216-523.
    • (1987) Ann Intern Med , vol.107 , pp. 216-523
    • Rich, S.1    Dantzker, D.R.2    Ayres, S.M.3
  • 22
    • 0025102102 scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive estimation of right atrial pressure from the inspiratory collapse of the inferior vena cava
    • Kircher BJ, Himelman RB, Schiller NB. Noninvasive estimation of right atrial pressure from the inspiratory collapse of the inferior vena cava. Am J Cardiol 1990;66:493-496.
    • (1990) Am J Cardiol , vol.66 , pp. 493-496
    • Kircher, B.J.1    Himelman, R.B.2    Schiller, N.B.3
  • 23
    • 0028111967 scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary hypertension in sickle cell disease
    • Sutton LL, Castro O, Cross DJ, et al. Pulmonary hypertension in sickle cell disease. Am J Cardiol 1994;74:626-628.
    • (1994) Am J Cardiol , vol.74 , pp. 626-628
    • Sutton, L.L.1    Castro, O.2    Cross, D.J.3
  • 24
    • 0023857266 scopus 로고
    • Sickle cell chronic lung disease: Prior morbidity and the risk of pulmonary failure
    • Powars D, Weidman JA, Odom-Maryon T, et al. Sickle cell chronic lung disease: Prior morbidity and the risk of pulmonary failure. Medicine 1988;67:66-76.
    • (1988) Medicine , vol.67 , pp. 66-76
    • Powars, D.1    Weidman, J.A.2    Odom-Maryon, T.3
  • 25
    • 33744810662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary hypertension in patients with sickle cell disease: A longitudinal study
    • Ataga KI, Moore CG, Jones S, et al. Pulmonary hypertension in patients with sickle cell disease: A longitudinal study. Br J Haematol 2006;134:109-115.
    • (2006) Br J Haematol , vol.134 , pp. 109-115
    • Ataga, K.I.1    Moore, C.G.2    Jones, S.3
  • 26
    • 20044395385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary hypertension in SS, SC and S, thalassemia: Prevalence associated clinical syndromes, and mortality
    • De Castro LM, Jonassiant JC, Graham FL, et al. Pulmonary hypertension in SS, SC and S, thalassemia: Prevalence associated clinical syndromes, and mortality. Blood 2004;104:462a.
    • (2004) Blood , vol.104
    • De Castro, L.M.1    Jonassiant, J.C.2    Graham, F.L.3
  • 27
    • 34248229822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High prevalence of pulmonary hypertension in children with sickle cell disease
    • Nelson SC, Adade BB, McDonough EA, et al. High prevalence of pulmonary hypertension in children with sickle cell disease. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2007;29:334-337.
    • (2007) J Pediatr Hematol Oncol , vol.29 , pp. 334-337
    • Nelson, S.C.1    Adade, B.B.2    McDonough, E.A.3
  • 28
    • 34247470728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary hypertension in sickle cell disease: Relevance to children
    • Kato GJ, Onyekwere OC, Gladwin MT. Pulmonary hypertension in sickle cell disease: Relevance to children. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2007;24:159-170.
    • (2007) Pediatr Hematol Oncol , vol.24 , pp. 159-170
    • Kato, G.J.1    Onyekwere, O.C.2    Gladwin, M.T.3
  • 30
    • 33746040474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels and risk of death in sickle cell disease
    • Machado RF, Anthi A, Steinberg MH, et al. N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels and risk of death in sickle cell disease. JAMA 2006;296:310-318.
    • (2006) JAMA , vol.296 , pp. 310-318
    • Machado, R.F.1    Anthi, A.2    Steinberg, M.H.3
  • 31
    • 0037441758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary hypertension in sickle cell disease: Cardiac catheterization results and survival
    • Castro O, Hoque M, Brown BD. Pulmonary hypertension in sickle cell disease: cardiac catheterization results and survival. Blood 2003;101:1257-1261.
    • (2003) Blood , vol.101 , pp. 1257-1261
    • Castro, O.1    Hoque, M.2    Brown, B.D.3
  • 32
    • 33845910404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severity of pulmonary hypertension during vaso-occlusive pain crisis and exercise in patients with sickle cell disease
    • Epub Dec 8
    • Machado RF, Kyle Mack A, Martyr S, et al. Severity of pulmonary hypertension during vaso-occlusive pain crisis and exercise in patients with sickle cell disease. Br J Haematol 2007;136:319-825. Epub 2006 Dec 8.
    • (2006) Br J Haematol 2007 , vol.136 , pp. 319-825
    • Machado, R.F.1    Kyle Mack, A.2    Martyr, S.3
  • 33
    • 33846338501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diastolic dysfunction is an independent risk factor for death in patients with sickle cell disease
    • Sachdev V, Machado RF, Shizukuda Y, et al. Diastolic dysfunction is an independent risk factor for death in patients with sickle cell disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007;49:472-479.
    • (2007) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.49 , pp. 472-479
    • Sachdev, V.1    Machado, R.F.2    Shizukuda, Y.3
  • 34
    • 38349078392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sickle-cell anaemia Report by the Secretariat Fifty-Ninth World Health Assembly A59/9 Provisional agenda item 11.4 24 April 2006.
    • Sickle-cell anaemia Report by the Secretariat Fifty-Ninth World Health Assembly A59/9 Provisional agenda item 11.4 24 April 2006.
  • 35
    • 0034889014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inherited haemoglobin disorders: An increasing global health problem
    • Weatherall DJ, Clegg JB. Inherited haemoglobin disorders: An increasing global health problem. Bull World Health Organ 2001;79.
    • (2001) Bull World Health Organ , pp. 79
    • Weatherall, D.J.1    Clegg, J.B.2
  • 36
    • 38349002670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aliyu ZY, Kato GJ, Gladwin MT, Taylor JT. IV: Prevalence of pulmonary hypertension among African Immigrants with sickle cell disease in the United States. Abstract. Southern Medical Association, 101st Scientific Assembly, North Carolina, 2006.
    • Aliyu ZY, Kato GJ, Gladwin MT, Taylor JT. IV: Prevalence of pulmonary hypertension among African Immigrants with sickle cell disease in the United States. Abstract. Southern Medical Association, 101st Scientific Assembly, North Carolina, 2006.
  • 37
    • 38349008563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aliyu ZY. NIH/NHLBI Vascular Medicine Branch-Ahmadu Bello University Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria Sickle Cell Pulmonary Hypertension Screening Protocol, 2006.
    • Aliyu ZY. NIH/NHLBI Vascular Medicine Branch-Ahmadu Bello University Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria Sickle Cell Pulmonary Hypertension Screening Protocol, 2006.
  • 38
    • 38349013320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UNAIDS, Accessed 28 April 2007
    • UNAIDS. http://www.unaids.org/en/Regions_Countries/Countries Accessed 28 April 2007.
  • 40
    • 0344530474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of pulmonary hypertension in patients with hepatosplenic Mansonic schistosomiasis - Prospective study
    • de Cleva R, Herman P, Pugliese V, et al. Prevalence of pulmonary hypertension in patients with hepatosplenic Mansonic schistosomiasis - Prospective study. Hepatogastroenterology 2003;50:2028-2030.
    • (2003) Hepatogastroenterology , vol.50 , pp. 2028-2030
    • de Cleva, R.1    Herman, P.2    Pugliese, V.3
  • 41
    • 3242794338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis C and the heart: To beat or not to beat
    • Kcomt W, Nahavandi AA, Myaing M, et al. Hepatitis C and the heart: To beat or not to beat. Int J Cardiol. 2004;96:147-149.
    • (2004) Int J Cardiol , vol.96 , pp. 147-149
    • Kcomt, W.1    Nahavandi, A.A.2    Myaing, M.3
  • 43
    • 25444449238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-associated pulmonary hypertension
    • Friese G, Lohmeyer J, Seeger W, et al. HIV-associated pulmonary hypertension. Herz 2005;30:481-485.
    • (2005) Herz , vol.30 , pp. 481-485
    • Friese, G.1    Lohmeyer, J.2    Seeger, W.3
  • 44
    • 0033789708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-Related pulmonary hypertension: Analytic review of 131 cases
    • Mehta NJ, Khan IA, Mehta RN, Sepkowitz DA. HIV-Related pulmonary hypertension: analytic review of 131 cases. Chest 2000;118:1133-1141.
    • (2000) Chest , vol.118 , pp. 1133-1141
    • Mehta, N.J.1    Khan, I.A.2    Mehta, R.N.3    Sepkowitz, D.A.4
  • 45
    • 33646269035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary arterial hypertension in France: Results from a national registry
    • Epub Feb 2
    • Humbert M, Sitbon O, Chaouat A, et al. Pulmonary arterial hypertension in France: Results from a national registry. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006;173:1023-1030. Epub 2006 Feb 2.
    • (2006) Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006 , vol.173 , pp. 1023-1030
    • Humbert, M.1    Sitbon, O.2    Chaouat, A.3
  • 47
    • 0036043674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pregnancy outcome in HbSS-sickle cell disease in Lagos, Nigeria
    • Odum CU, Anorlu RI, Dim SI, Oyekan TO. Pregnancy outcome in HbSS-sickle cell disease in Lagos, Nigeria. West Afr J Med 2002;21:19-23.
    • (2002) West Afr J Med , vol.21 , pp. 19-23
    • Odum, C.U.1    Anorlu, R.I.2    Dim, S.I.3    Oyekan, T.O.4
  • 48
    • 33947509031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sickle cell disease in Africa: Burden and research priorities
    • Review
    • Makani J, Williams TN, Marsh K. Sickle cell disease in Africa: burden and research priorities. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 2007;101:3-14. Review.
    • (2007) Ann Trop Med Parasitol , vol.101 , pp. 3-14
    • Makani, J.1    Williams, T.N.2    Marsh, K.3
  • 49
    • 33845548165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gramaglia I, Sobolewski P, Meays D, et al. Low nitric oxide bioavailability contributes to the genesis of experimental cerebral malaria. Nat Med 2006;12:1417-1422. Epub 2006 Nov 12.
    • Gramaglia I, Sobolewski P, Meays D, et al. Low nitric oxide bioavailability contributes to the genesis of experimental cerebral malaria. Nat Med 2006;12:1417-1422. Epub 2006 Nov 12.
  • 50
    • 0024025029 scopus 로고
    • Avian pulmonary hypertension syndrome. IV. Increased right ventricular mass in turkeys experimentally infected with Plasmodium durae
    • Huchzermeyer FW. Avian pulmonary hypertension syndrome. IV. Increased right ventricular mass in turkeys experimentally infected with Plasmodium durae. Onderstepoort J Vet Res 1988;55:107-108.
    • (1988) Onderstepoort J Vet Res , vol.55 , pp. 107-108
    • Huchzermeyer, F.W.1
  • 51
    • 0036725861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of L-NAME on pulmonary arterial pressure, plasma nitric oxide and pulmonary hypertension syndrome morbidity in broilers
    • Wang J, Wang X, Xiang R, Sun W. Effect of L-NAME on pulmonary arterial pressure, plasma nitric oxide and pulmonary hypertension syndrome morbidity in broilers. Br Poult Sci 2002;43:615-620.
    • (2002) Br Poult Sci , vol.43 , pp. 615-620
    • Wang, J.1    Wang, X.2    Xiang, R.3    Sun, W.4
  • 52
    • 38349028768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hsu LL, Champion HC, Campbell-Lee SA, et al. Hemolysis in sickle cell mice causes pulmonary hypertension due to global impairment in nitric oxide bioavailability. Blood 2006. [Epub ahead of print].
    • Hsu LL, Champion HC, Campbell-Lee SA, et al. Hemolysis in sickle cell mice causes pulmonary hypertension due to global impairment in nitric oxide bioavailability. Blood 2006. [Epub ahead of print].
  • 53
    • 0033212313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary pulmonary hypertension in cirrhosis of liver
    • Sen S, Biswas PK, Biswas J, et al. Primary pulmonary hypertension in cirrhosis of liver. Ind J Gastroenterol 1999;18:158-160.
    • (1999) Ind J Gastroenterol , vol.18 , pp. 158-160
    • Sen, S.1    Biswas, P.K.2    Biswas, J.3
  • 54
    • 33644878441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B virus infection in a rural settlement of northern Nigeria
    • Jombo GT, Egah DZ, Banwat EB. Hepatitis B virus infection in a rural settlement of northern Nigeria. Niger J Med 2005;14:425-428.
    • (2005) Niger J Med , vol.14 , pp. 425-428
    • Jombo, G.T.1    Egah, D.Z.2    Banwat, E.B.3
  • 55
    • 38349032964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus co-infection among patients in Kano Nigeria
    • Nwokedi EE, Emokpae MA, Dutse AI. Human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus co-infection among patients in Kano Nigeria. Niger J Med 2006;15:227-229.
    • (2006) Niger J Med , vol.15 , pp. 227-229
    • Nwokedi, E.E.1    Emokpae, M.A.2    Dutse, A.I.3
  • 56
    • 0642282626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis C virus infection in patients with sickle cell anaemia at the Lagos University Hospital
    • Lesi OA, Kehinde MO. Hepatitis C virus infection in patients with sickle cell anaemia at the Lagos University Hospital. Niger Postgrad Med J 2003;10:79-83.
    • (2003) Niger Postgrad Med J , vol.10 , pp. 79-83
    • Lesi, O.A.1    Kehinde, M.O.2
  • 58
    • 0142031091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis C virus in sickle cell disease
    • Hassan M, Hasan S, Giday S, et al. Hepatitis C virus in sickle cell disease. J Natl Med Assoc 2003;95:939-942.
    • (2003) J Natl Med Assoc , vol.95 , pp. 939-942
    • Hassan, M.1    Hasan, S.2    Giday, S.3
  • 59
    • 33847298781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemolytic anemia associated pulmonary hypertension
    • Mandel J, Taissman D, editors, 1st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier
    • Machado RF, Gladwin MT. Hemolytic anemia associated pulmonary hypertension. In: Mandel J, Taissman D, editors. Pulmonary Vascular Disease, 1st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier, 2006.
    • (2006) Pulmonary Vascular Disease
    • Machado, R.F.1    Gladwin, M.T.2
  • 60
    • 0037414164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steinberg MH, Barton F, Castro O, et al. Effect of hydroxyurea on mortality and morbidity in adult sickle cell anemia: Risks and benefits up to 9 years of treatment. JAMA 2003;289:1645-1651. Erratum in: JAMA 2003;290:756.
    • Steinberg MH, Barton F, Castro O, et al. Effect of hydroxyurea on mortality and morbidity in adult sickle cell anemia: Risks and benefits up to 9 years of treatment. JAMA 2003;289:1645-1651. Erratum in: JAMA 2003;290:756.
  • 61
    • 0030464953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydroxyurea and sickle cell anemia. Clinical utility of a myelosuppressive "switching" agent. The multicenter study of hydroxyurea in sickle cell anemia
    • Charache S, Barton FB, Moore RD, et al. Hydroxyurea and sickle cell anemia. Clinical utility of a myelosuppressive "switching" agent. The multicenter study of hydroxyurea in sickle cell anemia. Medicine (Baltimore) 1996;75:300-326.
    • (1996) Medicine (Baltimore) , vol.75 , pp. 300-326
    • Charache, S.1    Barton, F.B.2    Moore, R.D.3
  • 62
    • 0034702282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Causes and outcomes of the acute chest syndrome in sickle cell disease. National Acute Chest Syndrome Study Group
    • Vichinsky EP, Neumayr LD, Earles AN, et al. Causes and outcomes of the acute chest syndrome in sickle cell disease. National Acute Chest Syndrome Study Group. N Engl J Med 2000;342:1855-1865.
    • (2000) N Engl J Med , vol.342 , pp. 1855-1865
    • Vichinsky, E.P.1    Neumayr, L.D.2    Earles, A.N.3
  • 63
    • 0037237980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydroxyurea induces fetal hemoglobin by the nitric oxide-dependent activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase
    • Cokic VP, Smith RD, Beleslin-Cokic BB, et al. Hydroxyurea induces fetal hemoglobin by the nitric oxide-dependent activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase. J Clin Invest 2003;111:231-239.
    • (2003) J Clin Invest , vol.111 , pp. 231-239
    • Cokic, V.P.1    Smith, R.D.2    Beleslin-Cokic, B.B.3
  • 64
    • 0034887027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised cross-over clinical trial of NIPRISAN in patients with sickle cell disorder
    • Wambebe C, Khamofu H, Momoh JA, et al. Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised cross-over clinical trial of NIPRISAN in patients with sickle cell disorder. Phytomedicine 2001;8:252-261.
    • (2001) Phytomedicine , vol.8 , pp. 252-261
    • Wambebe, C.1    Khamofu, H.2    Momoh, J.A.3
  • 65
    • 38349054492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Last accessed April 8th 2007
    • http://www.genengnews.com/news. Last accessed April 8th 2007.
  • 66
    • 33646851082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of sildenafil in the treatment of severe pulmonary hypertension in patients with hemoglobinopathies
    • Gordeuk VR. Efficacy and safety of sildenafil in the treatment of severe pulmonary hypertension in patients with hemoglobinopathies. Haematologica 2005;90:433-434.
    • (2005) Haematologica , vol.90 , pp. 433-434
    • Gordeuk, V.R.1
  • 67
    • 24944476691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sildenafil therapy in patients with sickle cell disease and pulmonary hypertension
    • Machado RF, Martyr S, Kato GJ, et al. Sildenafil therapy in patients with sickle cell disease and pulmonary hypertension. Br J Haematol 2005;130:445-453.
    • (2005) Br J Haematol , vol.130 , pp. 445-453
    • Machado, R.F.1    Martyr, S.2    Kato, G.J.3
  • 68
    • 33645052699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sildenafil citrate use and the incidence of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy
    • Gorkin L, Hvidsten K, Sobel RE, et al. Sildenafil citrate use and the incidence of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Int J Clin Pract 2006;60:500-503.
    • (2006) Int J Clin Pract , vol.60 , pp. 500-503
    • Gorkin, L.1    Hvidsten, K.2    Sobel, R.E.3
  • 69
    • 33646852813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, erectile dysfunction drugs, and amiodarone: Is there a relationship?
    • Fraunfelder FW, Shults T. Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, erectile dysfunction drugs, and amiodarone: Is there a relationship? J Neuroophthalmol 2006;26:1-3.
    • (2006) J Neuroophthalmol , vol.26 , pp. 1-3
    • Fraunfelder, F.W.1    Shults, T.2
  • 70
    • 0043204998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morris CR, Morris SM Jr, Hagar W, et al. Arginine therapy: A new treatment for pulmonary hypertension in sickle cell disease? Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003;168:63-69. Epub 2003 Mar 5.
    • Morris CR, Morris SM Jr, Hagar W, et al. Arginine therapy: A new treatment for pulmonary hypertension in sickle cell disease? Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003;168:63-69. Epub 2003 Mar 5.
  • 71
    • 0032738619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide successfully used to treat acute chest syndrome of sickle cell disease in a young adolescent
    • Sullivan KJ, Goodwin SR, Evangelist J, et al. Nitric oxide successfully used to treat acute chest syndrome of sickle cell disease in a young adolescent. Crit Care Med 1999;27:2563-2568.
    • (1999) Crit Care Med , vol.27 , pp. 2563-2568
    • Sullivan, K.J.1    Goodwin, S.R.2    Evangelist, J.3
  • 72
    • 0037420269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weiner DL, Hibberd PL, Betit P, et al. Preliminary assessment of inhaled nitric oxide for acute vaso-occlusive crisis in pediatric patients with sickle cell disease. JAMA 2003;289:1136-1142; 2004;292:925.
    • Weiner DL, Hibberd PL, Betit P, et al. Preliminary assessment of inhaled nitric oxide for acute vaso-occlusive crisis in pediatric patients with sickle cell disease. JAMA 2003;289:1136-1142; 2004;292:925.
  • 73
    • 0034778939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide therapy in sickle cell disease
    • Review
    • Gladwin MT, Schechter AN. Nitric oxide therapy in sickle cell disease. Semin Hematol 2001;38:333-342. Review.
    • (2001) Semin Hematol , vol.38 , pp. 333-342
    • Gladwin, M.T.1    Schechter, A.N.2
  • 74
    • 34247533748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amplified expression profiling of platelet transcriptome reveals changes in arginine metabolic pathways in patients with sickle cell disease
    • Epub Mar 12
    • Raghavachari N, Xu X, Harris A, et al. Amplified expression profiling of platelet transcriptome reveals changes in arginine metabolic pathways in patients with sickle cell disease. Circulation 2007;115:1551-1562. Epub 2007 Mar 12.
    • (2007) Circulation 2007 , vol.115 , pp. 1551-1562
    • Raghavachari, N.1    Xu, X.2    Harris, A.3
  • 76
    • 38349078391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessed May 10th 2007
    • http://www.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/WHA59/A59_9-en.pdf. Accessed May 10th 2007.
  • 77
    • 2942522878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simonneau G, Galie N, Rubin LJ, et al. Clinical classification of pulmonary hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol 2004;43:10S. (Modification of World Health Organization Pulmonary Hypertension Classification).
    • Simonneau G, Galie N, Rubin LJ, et al. Clinical classification of pulmonary hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol 2004;43:10S. (Modification of World Health Organization Pulmonary Hypertension Classification).


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.