Evidence of a gene X environment interaction in the creation of victimization: Results from a longitudinal sample of adolescents

International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology

Volumn 51, Issue 6, 2007, Pages 620-645

  Beaver, Kevin M ^a   Wright, John Paul ^b   DeLisi, Matt ^c   Daigle, Leah E ^d   Swatt, Marc L ^e   Gibson, Chris L ^f  

^a FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI   (United States)

^c IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d GEORGIA SOUTHERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^e NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^f UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA   (United States)

Author keywords

Biosocial; DRD2; Gene X environment interaction; Victimization

Indexed keywords

DOPAMINE 2 RECEPTOR;

ADOLESCENT; ADOLESCENT HEALTH; ADULT; ARTICLE; BEHAVIOR GENETICS; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; FEMALE; GENE INTERACTION; GENETIC POLYMORPHISM; GENETIC TRAIT; GENETIC VARIABILITY; HUMAN; JUVENILE DELINQUENCY; LONGITUDINAL STUDY; MALE; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; PEER GROUP; PREDICTION; RECEPTOR GENE; VICTIM; X CHROMOSOME;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGGRESSION; CRIME VICTIMS; FEMALE; GENETIC PREDISPOSITION TO DISEASE; GENOTYPE; HUMANS; JUVENILE DELINQUENCY; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; MALE; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; OBJECT ATTACHMENT; PEER GROUP; PERSONALITY; POLYMORPHISM, GENETIC; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; PSYCHOSOCIAL DEPRIVATION; RECEPTORS, DOPAMINE D2; SEX FACTORS; SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT; UNITED STATES; VIOLENCE;

EID: 35948948630     PISSN: 0306624X     EISSN: 15526933     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0306624X07304157     Document Type: Article

References (80)

1. Alcock, J. (2001). The triumph of sociobiology. New York: Oxford University Press.
2. Arseneault, L., Moffitt, T.E., Caspi, A., Taylor, A., Rijsdijk, F.V., Jaffee, S.R., et al. (2003). Strong genetic effects on cross-situational antisocial behaviour among 5-year-old children according to mothers, teachers, examiner-observers, and twins' self-reports. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 44, 832-848.
3. Barkley, R.A. (1997). ADHD and the nature of self-control. New York: Guilford.
4. Baron, S.W., & Hartnagel, T.F. (1998). Street youth and criminal violence. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 35, 166-192.
5. Bau, C.H.D., Almeida, S., & Hutz, M.H. (2000). The TaqI allele of the dopamine D2 receptor gene and alcoholism in Brazil: Association and interaction with stress and harm avoidance on severity prediction. American Journal of Medical Genetics, 96, 302-306.
6. Beaver, K.M., & Wright, J.P. (2005). Biosocial development and delinquent involvement. Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice, 3, 168-192.
7. Bellair, P.E., Roscigno, V.J., & McNulty, T.L. (2003). Linking local labor market opportunity to violent adolescent delinquency. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 40, 6-33.
8. Cardon, L.R., & Palmer, L.J. (2003). Population stratification and spurious allelic association. Lancet, 361, 598-604.
9. Carmines, E.G., & Zeller, R.A. (1979). Reliability and validity assessment. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
10. Caspi, A., McClay, J., Moffitt, T.E., Mill, J., Martin, J., Craig, I.W., et al. (2002). Role of the genotype in the cycle of violence in maltreated children. Science, 297, 851-854.
11. Christiansen, E.J., & Evans, W.P. (2005). Adolescent victimization: Testing models of resiliency by gender. Journal of Early Adolescence, 25, 298-316.
12. Clark, W.R., & Grunstein, M. (2000). Are we hardwired? The role of genes in human behavior. New York: Oxford University Press.
13. Cleveland, H.H., Wiebe, R.P., & Rowe, D.C. (2005). Sources of exposure to smoking and drinking friends among adolescents: A behavioral-genetic evaluation. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 166, 153-169.
14. Cohen, L.E., & Felson, M. (1979). Social change and crime rate trends: A routine activity approach. American Sociological Review, 44, 588-608.
15. Comings, D.E., Gade-Andavolu, R., Gonzalez, N., Wu, S., Muhleman, D., Chen, C., et al. (2001). The additive effect of neurotransmitter genes in pathological gambling. Clinical Genetics, 60, 107-116.
16. Connor, J.P., Young, R., Lawford, B.R., Ritchie, T.L., & Noble, E.P. (2002). D2 dopamine receptor (DRD2) polymorphism is associated with severity of alcohol dependence. European Psychiatry, 17, 17-23.
17. Crosnoe, R., & Elder, G.H. (2004). Family dynamics, supportive relationships, and educational resilience during adolescence. Journal of Family Issues, 25, 571-602.
18. Dick, D.M., Agrawal, A., Schuckit, M.A., Bierut, L., Hinrichs, A., Fox, L., et al. (2006). Marital status, alcohol dependence, and GABRA2: Evidence for gene-environment correlation and interaction. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 67, 185-194.
19. DiLalla, L.F. (2002). Behavior genetics of aggression in children: Review and future directions. Developmental Review, 22, 593-622.
20. Esbensen, F.A., & Huizinga, D. (1991). Juvenile victimization and delinquency. Youth and Society, 23, 202-228.
21. Esbensen, F.A., Huizinga, D., & Menard, S. (1999). Family context and criminal victimization in adolescence. Youth & Society, 31, 168-198.
22. Felson, M. (2002). Crime and everyday life (3 rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
23. Felson, M. (2006). Crime and nature. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
24. Foley, D.L., Eaves, L.J., Wormley, B., Silberg, J.L., Maes, H.H., Kuhn, J., et al. (2004). Childhood adversity, monoamine oxidase A genotype, and risk for conduct disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 61, 738-744.
25. Gardner, W., Mulvey, E.P., & Shaw, E.C. (1995). Regression analyses of counts and rates: Poisson, overdispersed poisson, and negative binomial models. Psychological Bulletin, 118, 392-404.
26. Gelernter, J., Kranzler, H., Cubells, J.F., Ichinose, H., & Nagatsu, T. (1998). DRD2 allele frequencies and linkage disequilibria, including the -141Ins/Del promoter polymorphism, in European-American, African-American, and Japanese subjects. Genomics, 51, 21-26.
27. Goldstein, P.J. (1985). The drugs/violence nexus: A tripartite conceptual framework. Journal of Drug Issues, 39, 143-174.
28. Gottfredson, M.R. (1981). On the etiology of criminal victimization. Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 72, 714-726.
29. Graham, S., & Juvonen, J. (2001). An attributional approach to peer victimization. In J. Juvonen & S. Graham (Eds.), Peer harassment in school: The plight of the vulnerable and victimized (pp. 49-72). New York: Guilford.
30. Guo, G., Roettger, M.E., & Shih, J.C. (2007). Contributions of the DAT1 and DRD2 genes to serious and violent delinquency among adolescents and young adults. Human Genetics, 121, 125-136.
31. Haberstick, B.C., Lessem, J.M., Hopfer, C.J., Smolen, A., Ehringer, M.A., Timberlake, D., et al. (2005). Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) and antisocial behaviors in the presence of childhood and adolescent maltreatment. American Journal of Medical Genetics, 135B, 59-64.
32. Hamer, D., & Copeland, P. (1998). Living with our genes: Why they matter more than you think. New York: Doubleday.
33. Harris, J.R. (1998). The nurture assumption: Why children turn out the way they do. New York: Free Press.
34. Harris, K.M., Florey, T., Tabor, J., Bearman, P.S., Jones, J., & Udry, J.R. (2003). The national longitudinal study of adolescent health: Research design. Available from http://www.cpc.unc.edu/projects/addhealth/design
35. Haynie, D.L. (2001). Delinquent peers revisited: Does network structure matter? American Journal of Sociology, 106, 1013-1057.
36. Haynie, D.L., & Piquero, A.R. (2006). Pubertal development and physical victimization in adolescence. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 43, 3-35.
37. Hines, D.A., & Saudino, K.J. (2004). Genetic and environmental influences on intimate partner aggression: A preliminary study. Violence and Victims, 19, 701-718.
38. Hopfer, C.J., Timberlake, D., Haberstick, B., Lessem, J.M., Ehringer, M.A., Smolen, A., et al. (2005). Genetic influences on quantity of alcohol consumed by adolescents and young adults. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 78, 187-193.
39. Kang, A.M., Palmatier, M.A., & Kidd, K.K. (1999). Global variation of a 40-bp VNTR in the 3′untranslated region of the dopamine transporter gene (SLC6A3). Biological Psychiatry, 46, 151-160.
40. Kim-Cohen, J., Caspi, A., Taylor, A., Williams, B., Newcombe, R., Craig, I.W., et al. (2006). MAOA, maltreatment, and gene-environment interaction predicting children's mental health: New evidence and a meta-analysis. Molecular Psychiatry, 11, 903-913.
41. Lauritsen, J.L., Sampson, R.J., & Laub, J.H. (1991). The link between offending and victimization among adolescents. Criminology, 29, 265-292.
42. Luckenbill, D.F. (1977). Criminal homicide as a situated transaction. Social Problems, 25, 176-186.
43. Marenberg, M.E., Risch, N., Berkman, L.F., Floderus, B., & de Faire, U. (1994). Susceptibility to death from coronary heart disease in a study of twins. New England Journal of Medicine, 330, 1041-1046.
44. Mason, D.A., & Frick, P.J. (1994). The heritability of antisocial behavior: A meta-analysis of twin and adoption studies. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 16, 301-323.
45. Menard, S. (2002, February). Short- and long-term consequences of adolescent victimization. Youth Violence Research Bulletin, 1-16.
46. Miethe, T.D., & Meier, R.F. (1994). Crime and its social context: Toward an integrated theory of o fenders, victims, and situations. Albany: State University of New York Press.
47. Miles, D.R., & Carey, G. (1997). Genetic and environmental architecture of human aggression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 207-217.
48. Moffitt, T.E. (2005). The new look of behavioral genetics in developmental psychopathology: Gene-environment interplay in antisocial behaviors. Psychological Bulletin, 131, 533-554.
49. Mountain, J.L., & Risch, N. (2004). Assessing genetic contributions to phenotypic differences among "racial" and "ethnic" groups. Nature Genetics, 36, 48-53.
50. Niehoff, D. (1999). The biology of violence: How understanding the brain, behavior, and environment can break the vicious circle of aggression. New York: Free Press.
51. Noble, E.P., Ozkaragoz, T.Z., Ritchie, T.L., Zhang, X., Belin, T.R., & Sparkes, R.S. (1998). D2 and D4 dopamine receptor polymorphisms and personality. American Journal of Medical Genetics, 81, 257-267.
52. Ponce, G., Jimenez-Arriero, M.A., Rubio, G., Hoenicka, J., Ampuero, I., Ramos, J.A., et al. (2003). The A1 allele of the DRD2 gene (TaqI A polymorphisms) is associated with antisocial personality in a sample of alcohol-dependent patients. European Psychiatry, 18, 356-360.
53. Price, T.S., Simonoff, E., Waldman, I., Asherson, P., & Plomin, R. (2001). Hyperactivity in preschool children is highly heritable. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 12, 1362-1364.
54. Raine, A. (1993). The psychopathology of crime: Criminal behavior as a clinical disorder. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
55. Raine, A. (2002). Biosocial studies of antisocial and violent behavior in children and adults: A review. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 30, 311-326.
56. Reiss, D., Neiderhiser, N.M., Hetherington, E.M., & Plomin, R. (2000). The relationship code: Deciphering the genetic and social influences on adolescent development. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
57. Rhee, S.H., & Waldman, I.D. (2002). Genetic and environmental influences on antisocial behavior: A meta-analysis of twin and adoption studies. Psychological Bulletin, 128, 490-529.
58. Ridley, M. (2003). Nature via nurture: Genes, experience, and what makes us human. New York: HarperCollins.
59. Rowe, D.C. (2002). Biology and crime. Los Angeles: Roxbury.
60. Rutter, M. (2006). Genes and behavior: Nature-nurture interplay explained. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
61. Sampson, R.J. (1985). Neighborhood and crime: The structural determinants of personal victimization. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 22, 7-40.
62. Sarich, V., & Miele, F. (2004). Race: The reality of human di ferences. Boulder, CO: Westview.
63. Scarr, S. (1992). Developmental theories for the 1990s: Development and individual differences. Child Development, 63, 1-19.
64. Scarr, S., & McCartney, K. (1983). How people make their own environments: A theory of genotype → environment effects. Child Development, 54, 424-435.
65. Schreck, C.J. (1999). Criminal victimization and low self-control: An extension and test of a general theory of crime. Justice Quarterly, 16, 633-654.
66. Schreck, C.J., & Fisher, B.S. (2004). Specifying the influence of family and peers on violent victimization: Extending routine activities and lifestyles theories. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 19, 1021-1041.
67. Schreck, C.J., Fisher, B.S., & Miller, J.M. (2004). The social context of violent victimization: A study of the delinquent peer effect. Justice Quarterly, 21, 23-47.
68. Schreck, C.J., Wright, R.A., & Miller, J.M. (2002). A study of individual and situational antecedents of violent victimization. Justice Quarterly, 19, 159-180.
69. Sherman, L., Gartin, P.R., & Buerger, M.E. (1989). Hot spots of predatory crime: Routine activities and the criminology of place. Criminology, 27, 27-56.
70. Shields, A.E., Fortun, M., Hammonds, E.M., King, P.A., Lerman, C., Rapp, R., et al. (2005). The use of race variables in genetic studies of complex traits and the goal of reducing health disparities: A trans-disciplinary perspective. American Psychologist, 60, 77-103.
71. Snyder, H.N., & Sickmund, M. (1999). Juvenile o fenders and victims: 1999 national report. Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.
72. Stewart, E.A., Elifson, K.W., & Sterk, C.E. (2004). Integrating the general theory of crime into an explanation of violent victimization among female offenders. Justice Quarterly, 21, 159-182.
73. Udry, J.R. (1998). The national longitudinal sample of adolescent health. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina, Carolina Population Center.
74. Unnever, J.D., & Cornell, D.G. (2003). Bullying, self-control, and ADHD. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 18, 129-147.
75. Villarreal, A., & Silva, B.F.A. (2006). Social cohesion, criminal victimization and perceived risk of crime in Brazilian neighborhoods. Social Forces, 84, 1725-1749.
76. Walsh, A. (2002). Biosocial criminology: Introduction and integration. Cincinnati, OH: Anderson.
77. Wolfgang, M.E. (1957). Victim precipitated criminal homicide. Journal of Criminal Law, Criminology, and Police Science, 48, 1-11.
78. Wright, J.P., & Beaver, K.M. (2005). Do parents matter in creating self-control in their children? A genetically informed test of Gottfredson and Hirschi's theory of low self-control. Criminology, 43, 1169-1202.
79. Wright, R.T., & Decker, S. (1994). Burglars on the job: Streetlife and residential break-ins. Boston: Northeastern University Press.
80. Wright, R.T., & Decker, S.H. (1997). Armed robbers in action: Stickups and street culture. Boston: Northeastern University Press.