Episodic memory development: Theory of mind is part of re-experiencing experienced events

Infant and Child Development

Volumn 16, Issue 5, 2007, Pages 471-490

  Perner, Josef ^a   Kloo, Daniela ^a   Gornik, Edith ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SALZBURG   (Austria)

Author keywords

Direct experience; Episodic; Introspection; Memory; Remember know; Theory of mind

Indexed keywords

EID: 35649023138     PISSN: 15227227     EISSN: 15227219     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/icd.517     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Baddeley, A. (2001). The concept of episodic memory. In A. Baddeley, M. Conway, & J. Aggleton (Eds.), Episodic memory: New directions in research (pp. 1-10). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
2. Brainerd, C. J., Holliday, R. E., & Reyna, V. F. (2004). Behavioral measurement of remembering phenomenologies: So simple a child can do it. Child Development, 75, 505-522. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2004.00690.x.
3. Ceci, S. J., & Bruck, M. (1993). Suggestibility of the child witness: A historical review and synthesis. Psychological Bulletin, 113, 403-439. DOI: 10.1037//0033-2909.113.3.403.
4. Conway, M. A., Gardiner, J. M., Perfect, T. J., Anderson, S. J., & Cohen, G. M. (1997). Changes in memory awareness during learning: The acquisition of knowledge by psychology undergraduates. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 126, 393-413. DOI: 10.1037//0096-3445.126.4.393.
5. Dewhurst, S. A., & Conway, M. A. (1994). Pictures, images, and recollective experience. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 20, 1088-1098.
6. Drummey, A. B., & Newcombe, N. S. (2002). Developmental changes in source memory. Developmental Science, 5, 502-513. DOI: 10.1111/1467-7687.00243.
7. Ebbinghaus, H. (1885). Über das Gedächtnis. Leipzig: Duncker und Humblot.
8. Fivush, R. (1991). The social construction of personal narratives. Merrill Palmer Quarterly, 37, 59-82.
9. Flavell, J. H. (1988). The development of children's knowledge about the mind: From cognitive connections to mental representations. In J. W. Astington, P. L. Harris, & D. R. Olson (Eds.), Developing theories of mind (pp. 244-267). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
10. Forguson, L., & Gopnik, A. (1988). The ontogeny of common sense. In J. W. Astington, P. L. Harris, & D. R. Olson (Eds.), Developing theories of mind (pp. 226-243). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
11. Gardiner, J. M. (2001). Episodic memory and autonoetic consciousness: A first-person approach. In A. Baddeley, M. Conway, & J. Aggleton (Eds.), Episodic memory: New directions in research (pp. 11-30). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
12. Garry, M., Manning, C. G., Loftus, E. F., & Sherman, S. J. (1996). Imagination inflation: Imagining a childhood event inflates confidence that it occurred. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 3, 208-214.
13. Giles, J. W., Gopnik, A., & Heyman, G. D. (2002). Source monitoring reduces the suggestibility of preschool children. Psychological Science, 13, 288-291. DOI: 10.1111/ 1467-9280.00453.
14. Goldman, A. I. (1993). The psychology of folk psychology. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 16, 15-28.
15. Gopnik, A., & Graf, P. (1988). Knowing how you know: Young children's ability to identify and remember the sources of their beliefs. Child Development, 59, 1366-1371.
16. Hamilton, M., & Rajaram, S. (2003). States of awareness across multiple memory tasks: Obtaining a 'pure' measure of conscious recollection. Acta Psychologica, 112, 43-69. DOI: 10.1016/S0001-6918(02)00100-2.
17. Hudson, J. A. (1990). The emergence of autobiographical memory in mother-child conversation. In R. Fivush, & J. A. Hudson (Eds.), Knowing and remembering in young children (pp. 166-196). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
18. Hyman, I. E., & Pentland, J. (1996). The role of mental imagery in the creation of false childhood memories. Journal of Memory and Language, 35, 101-117. DOI: 10.1006/ jmla.1996.0006.
19. Jacoby, L. L. (1991). A process dissociation framework: Separating automatic from intentional uses of memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 30, 513-541.
20. Jeannerod, M. (1997). The cognitive neuroscience of action. Maiden, MA: Blackwell Publishers.
21. Johnson, M. K., Hashtroudi, S., & Lindsay, D. S. (1993). Source monitoring. Psychological Bulletin, 114, 3-28. DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909. 114.1.3.
22. Johnson, M. K., & Raye, C. L. (1981). Reality monitoring. Psychological Review, 88, 67-85. DOI: 10.1037/0033-295X.88.1.67.
23. Jones, T. C., & Roediger, H. L. I. (1995). The experiential basis of serial position effects. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 7, 65-80.
24. Koriat, A., & Goldsmith, M. (1996). Memory metaphors and the real-life/laboratory controversy: correspondence versus storehouse conceptions of memory. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 19, 167-228.
25. Leichtman, M. D., Morse, M. B., Dixon, A., & Spiegel, R. (2000). Source monitoring and suggestibility: An individual differences approach. In K. P. Roberts, & M. Blades (Eds.), Children's source monitoring (pp. 257-287). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
26. Loftus, E. F. (1979). Eyewitness testimony. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
27. Mandler, G. (1980). Recognizing: The judgment of previous occurrence. Psychological Review, 87, 252-271. DOI: 10.1037//0033-295X.87.3.252.
28. Mangels, J. A., Picton, T. W., & Craik, F. I. M. (2001). Attention and successful episodic encoding: An event-related potential study. Cognitive Brain Research, 11, 77-95. DOI: 10.1016/S0926-6410(00)00066-5.
29. Naito, M. (2003). The relationship between theory of mind and episodic memory: Evidence for the development of autonoetic consciousness. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 85, 312-336. DOI: 10.1016/S0022-0965(03) 00075-4.
30. Nelson, K. (Ed.). (1989). Narratives from the crib. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
31. O'Neill, D. K., Astington, J. W., & Flavell, J. H. (1992). Young children's understanding of the role that sensory experiences play in knowledge acquisition. Child Development, 63, 474-490.
32. Perner, J. (1988). Developing semantics for theories of mind: From propositional attitudes to mental representation. In J. W. Astington, P. L. Harris, & D. R. Olson (Eds.), Developing theories of mind (pp. 141-172). New York: Cambridge University Press.
33. Perner, J., & Ruffman, T. (1995). Episodic memory and autonoetic consciousness: Developmental evidence and a theory of childhood amnesia. Special Issue: Early memory. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 59(3), 516-548.
34. Povinelli, D. J., Landau, K. R., & Perilloux, H. K. (1996). Self-recognition in young children using delayed versus live feedback: Evidence of a developmental asynchrony. Child Development, 67, 1540-1554.
35. Povinelli, D. J., Landry, A. M., Theall, L. A., Clark, B. R., & Castille, C. M. (1999). Development of young children's understanding that the recent past is causally bound to the present. Developmental Psychology, 35, 1426-1439. DOI: 10.1037//0012-1649.35.6.1426.
36. Rajaram, S. (1996). Perceptual effects on remembering: Recollective processes in picture recognition memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 22, 365-377. DOI: 10.1037/0278-7393.22.2. 365.
37. Roberts, K. P., & Blades, M. (Eds.). (2000). Children's source monitoring. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
38. Robinson, E. J. (2000). Belief and disbelief: Children's assessments of the reliability of sources of knowledge about the world. In K. P. Roberts, & M. Blades (Eds.), Children's source monitoring (pp. 59-83). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
39. Sharman, S. J., Garry, M., & Beuke, C. J. (2004). Imagination or exposure causes imagination inflation. The American Journal of Psychology, 117, 157-168.
40. Sluzenski, J., Newcombe, N., & Ottinger, W. (2004). Changes in reality monitoring and episodic memory in early childhood. Developmental Science, 7, 225-245. DOI: 10.1111/ j.1467-7687.2004.00341.
41. Stöttinger, E., Kloo, D., & Perner, J. (2004). Episodisches Gedächtnis nur für direkt wahrgenommene Ereignisse. Poster presented at the 44th Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie, Göttingen, Deutschland, 26-30 September.
42. Taylor, M., Esbensen, B., & Bennett, R. T. (1994). Children's understanding of knowledge acquisition: The tendency for children to report they have always known what they have just learned. Child Development, 65, 1581-1604.
43. Templeton, L. M., & Wilcox, S. A. (2000). A tale of two representations: The misinformation effect and children's developing theory of mind. Child Development, 71, 402-416. DOI: 10.1111/1467-8624.00153.
44. Thierry, K. L., & Spence, M. (2002). Source-monitoring training facilitates preschoolers' eyewitness memory performance. Developmental Psychology, 38, 428-437. DOI: 10.1037// 0012-1649.38.3.428.
45. Tulving, E. (1972). Episodic and semantic memory. In E. Tulving, & W. Donaldson (Eds.), Organization of memory (pp. 381-403). New York: Plenum.
46. Tulving, E. (1985). Memory and consciousness. Canadian Psychology, 26, 1-12.
47. Welch-Ross, M. K. (1999). Preschoolers' understanding of mind: Implications for suggestibility. Cognitive Development, 14, 101-132. DOI: 10.1016/S0885-2014(99)80020-3.
48. Welch-Ross, M. K. (2001). Personalizing the temporally extended self: Evaluative self-awareness and the development of autobiographical memory. In C. Moore, & K. Lemmon (Eds.), The self in time: Developmental perspectives (pp. 97-120). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
49. Welch-Ross, M. K., Diecidue, K., & Miller, S. A. (1997). Young children's understanding of conflicting mental representation predicts suggestibility. Developmental Psychology, 33(1), 43-53. DOI: 10.1037//0012-1649.33.1.43.
50. Wheeler, M. A., Stuss, D. T., & Tulving, E. (1997). Toward a theory of episodic memory: The frontal lobes and autonoetic consciousness. Psychological Bulletin, 222(3), 331-354. DOI: 10.1037//0033-2909.121.3. 331.
51. Whitcombe, E. L., & Robinson, E. J. (2000). Children's decisions about what to believe and their ability to report the source of their belief. Cognitive Development, 15, 329-346. DOI: 10.1016/S0885-2014(00)00033-2.
52. Wimmer, H., Hogrefe, J., & Perner, J. (1988). Children's understanding of informational access as source of knowledge. Child Development, 59, 386-396.
53. Wimmer, H., & Perner, J. (1983). Beliefs about beliefs: Representation and constraining function of wrong beliefs in young children's understanding of deception. Cognition, 13, 103-128.
54. Yonelinas, A. P. (2001). Components of episodic memory: The contribution of recollection and familiarity. In A. Baddeley, J. Aggleton, & M. A. Conway (Eds.), Episodic memory: New directions in research (pp. 31-52). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.