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Volumn 46, Issue 38, 2007, Pages 7232-7235

Electronic effects on the selectivity of Pd-catalyzed C-N bond-forming reactions using biarylphosphine ligands: The competitive roles of amine binding and acidity

Author keywords

Amination; Chemoselectivity; Homogeneous catalysis; Palladium; Phosphanes

Indexed keywords

AMINES; CATALYST ACTIVITY; CATALYST SELECTIVITY; CHEMICAL BONDS; PALLADIUM;

EID: 34948848248     PISSN: 14337851     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/anie.200702122     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (91)

References (25)
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    • For reviews on C-N cross-coupling reactions, see: a, Ed, E. Negishi, Wiley-Interscience, New York
    • For reviews on C-N cross-coupling reactions, see: a) J. F. Hartwig in Handbook on Organopalladium Chemistry for Organic Synthesis (Ed.: E. Negishi), Wiley-Interscience, New York, 2002, p. 1051;
    • (2002) Handbook on Organopalladium Chemistry for Organic Synthesis , pp. 1051
    • Hartwig, J.F.1
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    • 0 source, see: a) W. de Graaf, J. Boermsa, W. J. J. Smeets, A. L. Spek, G. van Koten, Organometallics 1989, 8, 2907;
    • 0 source, see: a) W. de Graaf, J. Boermsa, W. J. J. Smeets, A. L. Spek, G. van Koten, Organometallics 1989, 8, 2907;
  • 7
    • 34948884286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crystal data for 1: C32H40ClO 2PPd, crystals from CH2Cl2/hexane, Mr, 629.46, 0.26 x 0.23 x 0.22 mm3, tetragonal, space group P4c2, a, b, 16.7915(2, c, 21.7992(4) Å, V, 6146.38(15) Å3. Z, 8, ρcalcd, 1.360 Mg m-3, T, 100(2) K, F(000, 2608, 2 θmax, 56.58°, monochromated MoKα radiation, λ, 0.71073 Å, μ, 0.769 mm-1, Siemens Platform three-circle diffractometer equipped with a CCD detector, 123 200 measured and 7638 independent reflections, R int, 0.0350. Data processed using the program SAINT supplied by Siemens Industrial Automation, Inc, structure determination by direct methods SHELXTL V6.10, G. M. Sheldrick, University of Göttingen, and Siemens Industrial Automation, Inc, structure
    • -3. CCDC-655749 (1) and CCDC-655750 (2) contain the supplementary crystallographic data for this paper. These data can be obtained free of charge from The Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre via www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/data_request/cif.
  • 8
    • 0000624723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • - has been structurally characterized: L. M. Alcazar-Roman, J. F. Hartwig, Organometallics 2002, 21, 491;
    • - has been structurally characterized: L. M. Alcazar-Roman, J. F. Hartwig, Organometallics 2002, 21, 491;
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    • 3: J. Albert, J. Granell, A. Luque, J. Minguez, R. Moragas, M. Font-Bardia, X. Solans, J. Organomet. Chem. 1996, 522, 87;
    • 3: J. Albert, J. Granell, A. Luque, J. Minguez, R. Moragas, M. Font-Bardia, X. Solans, J. Organomet. Chem. 1996, 522, 87;
  • 10
    • 33745511075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2} aniline complex (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene): K. Randell, M. J. Stanford, G. J. Clarkson, J. P. Rourke, J. Organomet. Chem. 2006, 691, 3411.
    • 2} aniline complex (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene): K. Randell, M. J. Stanford, G. J. Clarkson, J. P. Rourke, J. Organomet. Chem. 2006, 691, 3411.
  • 15
    • 34948814298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In toluene, 1 exists predominantly in monomelic form. See ref. [2].
    • In toluene, 1 exists predominantly in monomelic form. See ref. [2].
  • 20
    • 34948882987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • a values may arise because of differences between water and toluene and between N-H and N-Pd bonding.
    • a values may arise because of differences between water and toluene and between N-H and N-Pd bonding.
  • 21
    • 34948835391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The reactions of highly acidic anilines are not consistent with this trend because of extensive pre-deprotonation by the alkoxide bases
    • The reactions of highly acidic anilines are not consistent with this trend because of extensive pre-deprotonation by the alkoxide bases.
  • 24
    • 34948862424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preliminary calculations suggest that arylations are less selective for primary amines than for secondary amines because of reversible deprotonation and slow reductive elimination. See the Supporting Information for further details
    • Preliminary calculations suggest that arylations are less selective for primary amines than for secondary amines because of reversible deprotonation and slow reductive elimination. See the Supporting Information for further details.
  • 25
    • 34948894690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Because we focus herein on the influence of electronic effects on selectivity, a through investigation of steric effects was not performed. A more comprehensive study of the influence of steric effects on selectivity will be reported elsewhere
    • Because we focus herein on the influence of electronic effects on selectivity, a through investigation of steric effects was not performed. A more comprehensive study of the influence of steric effects on selectivity will be reported elsewhere.


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