메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 2, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 249-259

Old and new antiepileptic drugs for the treatment of idiopathic generalized epilepsies

Author keywords

Epilepsy; Epileptic patients; New antiepileptics; Old antiepileptics

Indexed keywords

ANTICONVULSIVE AGENT; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; CARBAMAZEPINE; CLOBAZAM; ETHOSUXIMIDE; ETIRACETAM; FELBAMATE; LAMOTRIGINE; MACROLIDE; NORCLOBAZAM; PHENOBARBITAL; PHENYTOIN; TOPIRAMATE; VALPROIC ACID; ZONISAMIDE;

EID: 34948840400     PISSN: 15748847     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/157488407781668794     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (10)

References (142)
  • 1
    • 0024317220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Commission on Classification Commission on Classification and Terminology of the International League Against Epilepsy. Proposal for revised classification of epileptic syndromes. Epilepsia 1989; 30: 389-99
    • Commission on Classification Commission on Classification and Terminology of the International League Against Epilepsy. Proposal for revised classification of epileptic syndromes. Epilepsia 1989; 30: 389-99.
  • 2
    • 0003467490 scopus 로고
    • Malafosse A, Genton P, Hirsch E, Marescaux C, Broglin D, Bernasconi R, eds, London: John Libbery & Company Ltd
    • Malafosse A, Genton P, Hirsch E, Marescaux C, Broglin D, Bernasconi R, eds. Idiopathic generalised epilepsies. London: John Libbery & Company Ltd, 1994.
    • (1994) Idiopathic generalised epilepsies
  • 3
    • 34948880652 scopus 로고
    • Typical absences and related epileptic syndromes
    • Duncan JS, Panayiotopoulos CP, eds, Europe
    • Duncan JS, Panayiotopoulos CP, eds. Typical absences and related epileptic syndromes. London: Churchill Communications Europe, 1995.
    • (1995) London: Churchill Communications
  • 4
    • 0034992257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of typical absence seizures and related epileptic syndromes
    • Panayiotopoulos CP. Treatment of typical absence seizures and related epileptic syndromes. Paediatir Drugs 2001; 3: 379-403.
    • (2001) Paediatir Drugs , vol.3 , pp. 379-403
    • Panayiotopoulos, C.P.1
  • 5
    • 0034957202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A proposed diagnostic scheme for people with epileptic seizures and with epilepsy: Report of the ILAE Task Force on Classification and Terminology
    • Engel J, Jr. A proposed diagnostic scheme for people with epileptic seizures and with epilepsy: Report of the ILAE Task Force on Classification and Terminology. Epilepsia 2001; 42: 796-803.
    • (2001) Epilepsia , vol.42 , pp. 796-803
    • Engel Jr., J.1
  • 6
    • 32944479063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Idiopathic generalised epilepsies: A review and modern approach
    • Panayiotopoulos CP. Idiopathic generalised epilepsies: A review and modern approach. Epilepsia 2005; 46(Suppl 9): 1-6.
    • (2005) Epilepsia , vol.46 , Issue.SUPPL. 9 , pp. 1-6
    • Panayiotopoulos, C.P.1
  • 7
    • 0037302051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A receptor function and pharmacology in epilepsy and status epilepticus
    • A receptor function and pharmacology in epilepsy and status epilepticus. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2003; 3: 12-8.
    • (2003) Curr Opin Pharmacol , vol.3 , pp. 12-18
    • Jones-Davis, D.M.1    Macdonald, R.L.2
  • 8
    • 0002426465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Benign familial neonatal convulsions and benign idiopathic neonatal convulsions. In Engel J, jr
    • Pedley TA, eds, Lippinoott-Raven
    • Plouin P. Benign familial neonatal convulsions and benign idiopathic neonatal convulsions. In Engel J, jr., Pedley TA, eds. Epilepsy. A comprehensive textbook, Lippinoott-Raven, 1997, 2247-55.
    • (1997) Epilepsy. A comprehensive textbook , pp. 2247-2255
    • Plouin, P.1
  • 9
    • 0032809111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Benign familial neonatal convulsions: A model of idiophatic epilepsy
    • Hirsch E, Saint-Martin A, Marescaux C. Benign familial neonatal convulsions: a model of idiophatic epilepsy. Rev Neurol 1999; 155: 463-7.
    • (1999) Rev Neurol , vol.155 , pp. 463-467
    • Hirsch, E.1    Saint-Martin, A.2    Marescaux, C.3
  • 10
    • 1642365290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Benign familial and non familial neonatal seizures
    • Roger J, Bureau M, Dravet C, Genton P, Tassinari CA, Wolf P, eds, 3rd edn, London: John Libbey & Co Ltd
    • Plouin P, Anderson VE. Benign familial and non familial neonatal seizures. In Roger J, Bureau M, Dravet C, Genton P, Tassinari CA, Wolf P, eds. Epileptic syndromes in infancy, childhood and adolescence (3rd edn), London: John Libbey & Co Ltd, 2002; 3-13.
    • (2002) Epileptic syndromes in infancy, childhood and adolescence , pp. 3-13
    • Plouin, P.1    Anderson, V.E.2
  • 12
    • 0031713334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Classifications of the International League Against Epilepsy: Time for reappraisal
    • Engel J Jr. Classifications of the International League Against Epilepsy: time for reappraisal. Epilepsia 1998; 39: 1014-7.
    • (1998) Epilepsia , vol.39 , pp. 1014-1017
    • Engel Jr., J.1
  • 13
    • 0032912953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epidemiology of clinical neonatal seizures in Newfoundland: A population based study
    • Ronen GM, Penney S, Andrews W. The epidemiology of clinical neonatal seizures in Newfoundland: a population based study. J Pediatr 1999; 134: 71-5.
    • (1999) J Pediatr , vol.134 , pp. 71-75
    • Ronen, G.M.1    Penney, S.2    Andrews, W.3
  • 14
    • 0027292974 scopus 로고
    • Seizure characteristics in chromosome 20 benign familial neonatal convulsions
    • Ronen GM, Rosales TO, Connolly M, Anderson VE, Leppert M. Seizure characteristics in chromosome 20 benign familial neonatal convulsions. Neurology 1993; 43: 1355-60.
    • (1993) Neurology , vol.43 , pp. 1355-1360
    • Ronen, G.M.1    Rosales, T.O.2    Connolly, M.3    Anderson, V.E.4    Leppert, M.5
  • 15
    • 0025730211 scopus 로고
    • Benign familiar neonatal convulsions: Evidence for clinical and genetic heterogeneity
    • Ryan SG, Wiznitzer K Hollman C, et al. Benign familiar neonatal convulsions: evidence for clinical and genetic heterogeneity. Ann Neurol 1991; 29: 469-73.
    • (1991) Ann Neurol , vol.29 , pp. 469-473
    • Ryan, S.G.1    Wiznitzer, K.2    Hollman, C.3
  • 16
    • 0035669199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Familial infantile myoclonic epilepsy: Clinical features in a large kindred with autosomal recessive inheritance
    • de Falco FA, Majello L, Santangelo R, et al. Familial infantile myoclonic epilepsy: clinical features in a large kindred with autosomal recessive inheritance. Epilepsia 2001; 42: 1541-8.
    • (2001) Epilepsia , vol.42 , pp. 1541-1548
    • de Falco, F.A.1    Majello, L.2    Santangelo, R.3
  • 17
    • 0002054212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absence epilepsies
    • Engel JJ, Pedley TA, eds, Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven Publishers
    • Panayiotopoulos CP. Absence epilepsies. In Engel JJ, Pedley TA, eds. Epilepsy. A comprehensive Texbook, Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven Publishers, 1997; 2327-46:
    • (1997) Epilepsy. A comprehensive Texbook , pp. 2327-2346
    • Panayiotopoulos, C.P.1
  • 18
    • 52749090498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood absence epilepsy
    • Gilman S, eds, San Diego SA: Arbor Publishing Corp
    • Loiseau P, Panayiotopoulos CP. Childhood absence epilepsy. In Gilman S, eds Medlink Neurology, San Diego SA: Arbor Publishing Corp, 2004.
    • (2004) Medlink Neurology
    • Loiseau, P.1    Panayiotopoulos, C.P.2
  • 20
    • 0001433373 scopus 로고
    • Juvenile absence epilepsy
    • Roger J, Bureau M, Dravet C, Dreifuss FE, Perret A, Wolf P, eds, London: John Libbery & Company
    • Wolf P. Juvenile absence epilepsy. In Roger J, Bureau M, Dravet C, Dreifuss FE, Perret A, Wolf P, eds. Epileptic syndromes in infancy, childhood and adolescence, London: John Libbery & Company, 1992; 307-12.
    • (1992) Epileptic syndromes in infancy, childhood and adolescence , pp. 307-312
    • Wolf, P.1
  • 21
    • 0028236836 scopus 로고
    • Clinical and genetic aspects of juvenile absence epilepsy
    • Obeid T. Clinical and genetic aspects of juvenile absence epilepsy. J Neurol 1994; 241: 487-91.
    • (1994) J Neurol , vol.241 , pp. 487-491
    • Obeid, T.1
  • 23
    • 0030210818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective study of the differences between the syndromes of infantile absence epilepsy and syndromes of juvenile absence epilepsy
    • Oller L. Prospective study of the differences between the syndromes of infantile absence epilepsy and syndromes of juvenile absence epilepsy. Rev Neurol 1996; 24: 930-6.
    • (1996) Rev Neurol , vol.24 , pp. 930-936
    • Oller, L.1
  • 24
    • 34948892005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absence status epilepticus
    • Gilman S. eds, San Diego SA: Arbor Publishing Corp
    • Panayiotopoulos CP. Absence status epilepticus. In Gilman S. eds. Medlink Neurology, San Diego SA: Arbor Publishing Corp. 2004.
    • (2004) Medlink Neurology
    • Panayiotopoulos, C.P.1
  • 26
    • 0029048240 scopus 로고
    • Idiopathic generalized epilepsy of adolescence: Are the syndromes clinically distinct?
    • Reutens DC, Berkovic SF. Idiopathic generalized epilepsy of adolescence: are the syndromes clinically distinct? Neurology 1995; 45: 1469-76.
    • (1995) Neurology , vol.45 , pp. 1469-1476
    • Reutens, D.C.1    Berkovic, S.F.2
  • 27
    • 0023881975 scopus 로고
    • Juvenile Myoclonic epilepsy: A study in Saudi Arabia
    • Obeid T, Panayiotopoulos CP. Juvenile Myoclonic epilepsy: a study in Saudi Arabia. Epilepsia 1988; 29: 280-2.
    • (1988) Epilepsia , vol.29 , pp. 280-282
    • Obeid, T.1    Panayiotopoulos, C.P.2
  • 28
    • 0003333218 scopus 로고
    • A controlled clinical and electro-encephalographic study of myoclonic epilepsy
    • Sttuttgart: Thieme
    • Simonsen M, Mollgraard V, Lund M. A controlled clinical and electro-encephalographic study of myoclonic epilepsy. In: Janz D, Epileptology, Sttuttgart: Thieme 1976; 41-8.
    • (1976) Janz D, Epileptology , pp. 41-48
    • Simonsen, M.1    Mollgraard, V.2    Lund, M.3
  • 29
    • 0033836486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural brain lesions do not influence the prognosis of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
    • Gelisse P, Genton P, Rayband C, Thomas P, Dravet C. Structural brain lesions do not influence the prognosis of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Acta Neurol Scand 2000; 102: 188-91.
    • (2000) Acta Neurol Scand , vol.102 , pp. 188-191
    • Gelisse, P.1    Genton, P.2    Rayband, C.3    Thomas, P.4    Dravet, C.5
  • 30
    • 0035798126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel gene in the chromosomal region for juvenile myoclonic epilepsy on 6p12 encodes a brain-specific lysosomal membrane protein
    • Suzuki T, Ganesh S, Agarwala KL, et al. A novel gene in the chromosomal region for juvenile myoclonic epilepsy on 6p12 encodes a brain-specific lysosomal membrane protein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 288: 626-36.
    • (2001) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.288 , pp. 626-636
    • Suzuki, T.1    Ganesh, S.2    Agarwala, K.L.3
  • 32
    • 4043067951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Juvenile Myoclonic epilepsy and idiopathic photosensitive occipital lobe epilepsy: Is there overlap?
    • Taylor I, Marini C, Johnson MR, Turner S, Berkovic SF, Scheffer IE. Juvenile Myoclonic epilepsy and idiopathic photosensitive occipital lobe epilepsy: is there overlap? Brain 2004; 127: 1878-86.
    • (2004) Brain , vol.127 , pp. 1878-1886
    • Taylor, I.1    Marini, C.2    Johnson, M.R.3    Turner, S.4    Berkovic, S.F.5    Scheffer, I.E.6
  • 33
    • 2942713117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
    • Roger J, Bureau M, Dravet Ch, Genton P, Tassinari CA, Wolf P, editors, 4th edition, Montrouge; John Libbey Eurotext
    • Thomas P, Genton P, Gèlisse P, Wolf P. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. In: Roger J, Bureau M, Dravet Ch, Genton P, Tassinari CA, Wolf P, editors. Epileptic syndromes in infancy, childhood and adolescences (4th edition). Montrouge; John Libbey Eurotext, 2005; 367-88.
    • (2005) Epileptic syndromes in infancy, childhood and adolescences , pp. 367-388
    • Thomas, P.1    Genton, P.2    Gèlisse, P.3    Wolf, P.4
  • 34
    • 0028224390 scopus 로고
    • Juvenile Myoclonic epilepsy: A 5-year prospective study
    • Panayiotopoulos CP, Obeid T, Tahan AR. Juvenile Myoclonic epilepsy: a 5-year prospective study. Epilepsia 1994; 35: 285-96.
    • (1994) Epilepsia , vol.35 , pp. 285-296
    • Panayiotopoulos, C.P.1    Obeid, T.2    Tahan, A.R.3
  • 35
    • 0003144564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Engel J, Pedley TA. Epilepsy. A comprehensive textbook, Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia
    • Janz D, Dumer M. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. In: Engel J, Pedley TA. Epilepsy. A comprehensive textbook, Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, 1997; 2389-400.
    • (1997) Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy , pp. 2389-2400
    • Janz, D.1    Dumer, M.2
  • 36
    • 0030911458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occurrence of only myoclonic jerks in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Acts
    • Jain S, Padma MV, Maheshwari MC. Occurrence of only myoclonic jerks in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Acts, Neurol Scand 1997; 95; 263-7.
    • (1997) Neurol Scand , vol.95 , pp. 263-267
    • Jain, S.1    Padma, M.V.2    Maheshwari, M.C.3
  • 37
    • 34948868755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genton P, Gelisse P, Thomas P. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy today: current definitions and limits. In: Schmitz B, Sander T. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: the jam syndrome. Wrightson Biomedical Publishing, Petersfield, 2000:11-32.
    • Genton P, Gelisse P, Thomas P. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy today: current definitions and limits. In: Schmitz B, Sander T. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: the jam syndrome. Wrightson Biomedical Publishing, Petersfield, 2000:11-32.
  • 38
    • 0024561982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Panayiotopoulos CP, Obeid T, Waheed G. Absences in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: a clinical and video-electroencephalographic study. Ann Neurol 1989; 25: 391-7.
    • Panayiotopoulos CP, Obeid T, Waheed G. Absences in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: a clinical and video-electroencephalographic study. Ann Neurol 1989; 25: 391-7.
  • 40
    • 0027480424 scopus 로고
    • Effects of the antiepileptic drug valproate on metabolism and function inhibitory and excitatory amino acids in the brain
    • Loescher W. Effects of the antiepileptic drug valproate on metabolism and function inhibitory and excitatory amino acids in the brain. Neurochem Res 1993; 18: 485-502.
    • (1993) Neurochem Res , vol.18 , pp. 485-502
    • Loescher, W.1
  • 41
    • 0036401554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological and therapeutic properties of valproate. A summary after 35 years of clinical experience
    • l
    • l Perucca E. Pharmacological and therapeutic properties of valproate. A summary after 35 years of clinical experience. CNS Drugs 2002; 16: 695-714.
    • (2002) CNS Drugs , vol.16 , pp. 695-714
    • Perucca, E.1
  • 42
  • 43
    • 0002811671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Valproic Acid. Chemistry, biotransformation and pharmacokinetics
    • Levy RH, Mattson RH, Meldrum BS, Perrucca E. eds, Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
    • Levy RH, Shen DD, Abbott FS, Riggs W, Hachad H. Valproic Acid. Chemistry, biotransformation and pharmacokinetics. In: Levy RH, Mattson RH, Meldrum BS, Perrucca E. eds. Antiepileptic, drugs, 5th eds. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2002; 3-22.
    • (2002) Antiepileptic, drugs, 5th eds , pp. 3-22
    • Levy, R.H.1    Shen, D.D.2    Abbott, F.S.3    Riggs, W.4    Hachad, H.5
  • 44
    • 0024495739 scopus 로고
    • Urinary excretion of valproate and some metabolites in chronically treated patients
    • Dickinson RG, Hooper WD, Dunstan PR, Eadie MJ. Urinary excretion of valproate and some metabolites in chronically treated patients. Ther Drug Monit 1989; 11: 127-33.
    • (1989) Ther Drug Monit , vol.11 , pp. 127-133
    • Dickinson, R.G.1    Hooper, W.D.2    Dunstan, P.R.3    Eadie, M.J.4
  • 45
    • 0141765764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management issues for women with epilepsy: Neural tube defects and folic acid supplementation
    • Yerby MS. Management issues for women with epilepsy: neural tube defects and folic acid supplementation. Neurology 2003; 61: 23-6.
    • (2003) Neurology , vol.61 , pp. 23-26
    • Yerby, M.S.1
  • 47
    • 20444429186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The AED (antiepileptic; drug) pregnancy registry: A six year experience
    • Suppl 3: 56
    • Wyszynski DF, Holmes LB. The AED (antiepileptic; drug) pregnancy registry: a six year experience. Epilepsia 2004; 45 (Suppl) 3: 56.
    • (2004) Epilepsia , pp. 45
    • Wyszynski, D.F.1    Holmes, L.B.2
  • 48
    • 15244356988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The safety of antiepileptic drugs in pregnancy: Results of the UK epilepsy and pregnancy register
    • Suppl 3: 57
    • Morrow JI, Russell A.TC, Irwin B, et al. The safety of antiepileptic drugs in pregnancy: results of the UK epilepsy and pregnancy register. Epilepsia 2004; 45 (Suppl) 3: 57.
    • (2004) Epilepsia , pp. 45
    • Morrow, J.I.1    Russell, A.T.2    Irwin, B.3
  • 49
    • 0035060226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the association between valproate and polycystic ovary syndrome: A response and an alternative view
    • Isojarvi JI, Tauboll E, Tapanainen JS, et al. On the association between valproate and polycystic ovary syndrome: A response and an alternative view. Epilepsia 2001; 42: 305-10.
    • (2001) Epilepsia , vol.42 , pp. 305-310
    • Isojarvi, J.I.1    Tauboll, E.2    Tapanainen, J.S.3
  • 50
    • 0028318560 scopus 로고
    • A multicentre comparative trial of sodium valproate and carbarnazepine in adult onset epilepsy
    • Richens A, Davidson DLW, Cartlidge NEF, Faster D. A multicentre comparative trial of sodium valproate and carbarnazepine in adult onset epilepsy. Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1994; 57: 682-7.
    • (1994) Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.57 , pp. 682-687
    • Richens, A.1    Davidson, D.L.W.2    Cartlidge, N.E.F.3    Faster, D.4
  • 51
    • 0026794763 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of valproate with carbamazcpine for the treatment of complex partial seizures and secondarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures in adults: The Department of the Veteran Affairs Epilepsy Cooperative Study Group
    • Mattson RH, Cramer JA, Collins JF. A comparison of valproate with carbamazcpine for the treatment of complex partial seizures and secondarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures in adults: the Department of the Veteran Affairs Epilepsy Cooperative Study Group. N Engl J Med 1992; 327: 765-71.
    • (1992) N Engl J Med , vol.327 , pp. 765-771
    • Mattson, R.H.1    Cramer, J.A.2    Collins, J.F.3
  • 53
    • 0029684142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Altered cognitive functioning in children with idiopathic epilepsy receiving valproate monotherapy
    • Legarda SB, Booth MP, Fennell EB, et al. Altered cognitive functioning in children with idiopathic epilepsy receiving valproate monotherapy. J Child Neurol 1996; 11: 321-30.
    • (1996) J Child Neurol , vol.11 , pp. 321-330
    • Legarda, S.B.1    Booth, M.P.2    Fennell, E.B.3
  • 54
    • 0021637984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Schmidt D. Adverse effects of valproate. Proceedings Valproate Modern Perspectives, Satellite Symposium 15th Epilepsy International Symposium Washington, DC, Usa, Sept 1983. Epilepsia. 1984; 25 (Suppl), 44-9.
    • Schmidt D. Adverse effects of valproate. Proceedings "Valproate Modern Perspectives", Satellite Symposium 15th Epilepsy International Symposium Washington, DC, Usa, Sept 1983. Epilepsia. 1984; 25 (Suppl), 44-9.
  • 55
    • 0034058016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Divalproex treatment for youth with explosive temper and mood lability: A double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover design
    • Donovan SJ, Stewart JW, Nunes EV, et al. Divalproex treatment for youth with explosive temper and mood lability: a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover design. Am J Psychiatry 2000; 157: 818-20.
    • (2000) Am J Psychiatry , vol.157 , pp. 818-820
    • Donovan, S.J.1    Stewart, J.W.2    Nunes, E.V.3
  • 56
    • 0025904203 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive impairment in new cases of epilepsy randomly assigned to carbamazepine, phenytoin and sodium valproate
    • Forsythe I, Butler R, Berg I, et al. Cognitive impairment in new cases of epilepsy randomly assigned to carbamazepine, phenytoin and sodium valproate. Dev Med Child Neural 1991; 33: 524-34.
    • (1991) Dev Med Child Neural , vol.33 , pp. 524-534
    • Forsythe, I.1    Butler, R.2    Berg, I.3
  • 57
    • 0025375773 scopus 로고
    • Valproate, carnitine metabolism, and biochemical indicators of liver function
    • Beghi E, Bizzi A, Codegoni AM, et al. Valproate, carnitine metabolism, and biochemical indicators of liver function. Epilepsia 1990; 33: 346-52.
    • (1990) Epilepsia , vol.33 , pp. 346-352
    • Beghi, E.1    Bizzi, A.2    Codegoni, A.M.3
  • 58
    • 0031770664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • L-carnitine supplementation in childhood epilepsy: Current perspectives
    • De Vivo DC, Bohan TP, Coulter DL, et al. L-carnitine supplementation in childhood epilepsy: current perspectives. Epilepsia 1998; 39: 1216-25.
    • (1998) Epilepsia , vol.39 , pp. 1216-1225
    • De Vivo, D.C.1    Bohan, T.P.2    Coulter, D.L.3
  • 59
    • 0031931040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reversible pseudoatrophy of the brain and mental deterioration associated with Valproate treatment
    • Guerrini R, Belmonte A, Canapicchi R, Casalini C, Perucca E. Reversible pseudoatrophy of the brain and mental deterioration associated with Valproate treatment. Epilepsia 1998b; 39: 27-32.
    • (1998) Epilepsia , vol.39 , pp. 27-32
    • Guerrini, R.1    Belmonte, A.2    Canapicchi, R.3    Casalini, C.4    Perucca, E.5
  • 60
    • 0033017055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carnitine deficiency and hyperammonemia in children receiving valproic acid with and without other anticonvulsant drugs
    • Verrotti A, Greco R, Morgese G, Chiarelli F. Carnitine deficiency and hyperammonemia in children receiving valproic acid with and without other anticonvulsant drugs. Int J Clin Lab Res 1999a; 29: 36-40.
    • (1999) Int J Clin Lab Res , vol.29 , pp. 36-40
    • Verrotti, A.1    Greco, R.2    Morgese, G.3    Chiarelli, F.4
  • 61
    • 0028045747 scopus 로고
    • viaproic acid. A reappraisal of its pharmacological properties and clinical efficacy in epilepsy
    • Davis R, Peters DH, McTavish D. viaproic acid. A reappraisal of its pharmacological properties and clinical efficacy in epilepsy. Drugs 1994; 47: 332-172.
    • (1994) Drugs , vol.47 , pp. 332-172
    • Davis, R.1    Peters, D.H.2    McTavish, D.3
  • 63
    • 0035073538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tolerability of oral loading of divalproex sodium in child psychiatry inpatients
    • Good CR, Feaster CS, Krecko VF. Tolerability of oral loading of divalproex sodium in child psychiatry inpatients. Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2001; 11: 53-7.
    • (2001) Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol , vol.11 , pp. 53-57
    • Good, C.R.1    Feaster, C.S.2    Krecko, V.F.3
  • 65
    • 0032821601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Platelet count and function in children receiving sodium valproate
    • Verrotti A, Greco R, Matera V, et al. Platelet count and function in children receiving sodium valproate. Pediatr Neurol 1999b; 21: 611-4.
    • (1999) Pediatr Neurol , vol.21 , pp. 611-614
    • Verrotti, A.1    Greco, R.2    Matera, V.3
  • 66
    • 0029888549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Valproic, acid and thrombo-cytopenia in children: A case-controlled retrospective study
    • Allarakhia IN, Garofalo EA, Komarynski MA, Robertson PL. Valproic, acid and thrombo-cytopenia in children: a case-controlled retrospective study. Pediatr Neurol 1996; 14: 303-7.
    • (1996) Pediatr Neurol , vol.14 , pp. 303-307
    • Allarakhia, I.N.1    Garofalo, E.A.2    Komarynski, M.A.3    Robertson, P.L.4
  • 67
  • 68
    • 0035195341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy treated from the outset with sodium valproate
    • Calleja S, Salas-Puig J, Ribacoba I, Lahoz CH. Evolution of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy treated from the outset with sodium valproate. Seizure 2001; 10: 424-7.
    • (2001) Seizure , vol.10 , pp. 424-427
    • Calleja, S.1    Salas-Puig, J.2    Ribacoba, I.3    Lahoz, C.H.4
  • 69
    • 0027249095 scopus 로고
    • Antiepileptic, drug mechanisms of action
    • Macdonald RL, Kelly KM. Antiepileptic, drug mechanisms of action. Epilepsia 1993; 34(Suppl 5): 1-8
    • (1993) Epilepsia , vol.34 , Issue.SUPPL. 5 , pp. 1-8
    • Macdonald, R.L.1    Kelly, K.M.2
  • 70
    • 0034711132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do carbamazepine and phenytoin aggravate juvenile myoclonic epilepsy?
    • Genton P, Gelisse P, Thomas P, et al. Do carbamazepine and phenytoin aggravate juvenile myoclonic epilepsy? Neurology 2000; 55: 1106-9.
    • (2000) Neurology , vol.55 , pp. 1106-1109
    • Genton, P.1    Gelisse, P.2    Thomas, P.3
  • 72
    • 0028079966 scopus 로고
    • EEG changes and seizure exacerbation in young children treated with carbamazepine
    • Talwar D, Arora MS, Sher PK. EEG changes and seizure exacerbation in young children treated with carbamazepine. Epilepsia 1994; 35: 1154-9.
    • (1994) Epilepsia , vol.35 , pp. 1154-1159
    • Talwar, D.1    Arora, M.S.2    Sher, P.K.3
  • 73
    • 0036388405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spike-and-wave complexes and seizure exacerbation caused by carbamazepine
    • Kochen S, Giagante B, Oddo S. Spike-and-wave complexes and seizure exacerbation caused by carbamazepine. Eur J Neural 2002; 9: 41-7.
    • (2002) Eur J Neural , vol.9 , pp. 41-47
    • Kochen, S.1    Giagante, B.2    Oddo, S.3
  • 74
    • 0036825164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carbamazepine-induced seizures: A case report and review of the literature
    • Gansauer M, Alsaadi TM. Carbamazepine-induced seizures: a case report and review of the literature. Clin Electroencephalogr 2002; 33: 174-7.
    • (2002) Clin Electroencephalogr , vol.33 , pp. 174-177
    • Gansauer, M.1    Alsaadi, T.M.2
  • 75
    • 0025865488 scopus 로고
    • Comparative pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of eterobarbital and phenobarbital in normal volunteers
    • Barzaghi N, Gatti G, Manni K et al. Comparative pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of eterobarbital and phenobarbital in normal volunteers. Eur J Drug Metabol Pharmacokinet 1991; 16: 81-7.
    • (1991) Eur J Drug Metabol Pharmacokinet , vol.16 , pp. 81-87
    • Barzaghi, N.1    Gatti, G.2    Manni, K.3
  • 76
    • 0031415157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population based investigation of valproic acid relative clearance using nonlinear mixed effects modelling: Influence of drug-drug interaction and patient characteristics
    • Yukawa E, To H, Ohdo S, et al. Population based investigation of valproic acid relative clearance using nonlinear mixed effects modelling: influence of drug-drug interaction and patient characteristics. J Clin Pharmacol 1997; 37: 1160-7.
    • (1997) J Clin Pharmacol , vol.37 , pp. 1160-1167
    • Yukawa, E.1    To, H.2    Ohdo, S.3
  • 77
    • 18544409858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phenobarbital versus phenytoin monotherapy for partial onset seizures and generalized onset tonic-clonic seizures
    • CD002217
    • Taylor S, Tudur S, Williamson PR, Marson AG. Phenobarbital versus phenytoin monotherapy for partial onset seizures and generalized onset tonic-clonic seizures. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2001; CD002217.
    • (2001) Cochrane Database Syst Rev
    • Taylor, S.1    Tudur, S.2    Williamson, P.R.3    Marson, A.G.4
  • 78
    • 0029960040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomised comparative monotherapy trial of phenobarbitone, phenytoin, carbamazepine, or sodium valproate for newly diagnosed childhood epilepsy
    • de Silva M, MacArdle B, McGowan M, et al. Randomised comparative monotherapy trial of phenobarbitone, phenytoin, carbamazepine, or sodium valproate for newly diagnosed childhood epilepsy. Lancet 1996; 347: 709-13.
    • (1996) Lancet , vol.347 , pp. 709-713
    • de Silva, M.1    MacArdle, B.2    McGowan, M.3
  • 79
    • 0346734155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Idiopathic generalized epilepsy and choice of antiepileptic drugs
    • Benbadis SR, William O, Tatum WO, et al. Idiopathic generalized epilepsy and choice of antiepileptic drugs. Neurology 2003; 61: 1793-5.
    • (2003) Neurology , vol.61 , pp. 1793-1795
    • Benbadis, S.R.1    William, O.2    Tatum, W.O.3
  • 80
    • 0042886036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment considerations: Traditional antiepileptic drugs
    • Pellock JM. Treatment considerations: traditional antiepileptic drugs. Epilepsy Behav 2002; 3: 18-23.
    • (2002) Epilepsy Behav , vol.3 , pp. 18-23
    • Pellock, J.M.1
  • 81
    • 0036290940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phenobarbital-induced atypical absence seizure in benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes
    • Hamano SI, Mochizuki M, Monkawa T. Phenobarbital-induced atypical absence seizure in benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes. Seizure 2002; 11: 201-4.
    • (2002) Seizure , vol.11 , pp. 201-204
    • Hamano, S.I.1    Mochizuki, M.2    Monkawa, T.3
  • 82
    • 0037248924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-epileptic drugs-induced de novo absence seizures
    • Yang MT, Lee WT, Chu LW, et al. Anti-epileptic drugs-induced de novo absence seizures. Brain Dev 2003; 25: 51-6.
    • (2003) Brain Dev , vol.25 , pp. 51-56
    • Yang, M.T.1    Lee, W.T.2    Chu, L.W.3
  • 83
    • 0033932560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Refractory idiopathic absence status epilepticus: A probable paradoxical effect of phenytoin and carbamazcpine
    • Osorio I, Reed RC, Peltzer JN. Refractory idiopathic absence status epilepticus: a probable paradoxical effect of phenytoin and carbamazcpine. Epilepsia 2001; 41: 887-94.
    • (2001) Epilepsia , vol.41 , pp. 887-894
    • Osorio, I.1    Reed, R.C.2    Peltzer, J.N.3
  • 84
    • 33845549192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiepileptic drugs may trigger absence status epilepticus
    • Cocito L, Audenino D, Primavera A. Antiepileptic drugs may trigger absence status epilepticus. Epilepsia 1998; 39: 89.
    • (1998) Epilepsia , vol.39 , pp. 89
    • Cocito, L.1    Audenino, D.2    Primavera, A.3
  • 85
    • 0141501432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethosuximide, sodium valproate or lamotrigine for absence seizures in children and adolescents
    • CD003032
    • Posner EB, Mohamed K, Marson AG. Ethosuximide, sodium valproate or lamotrigine for absence seizures in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003; CD003032.
    • (2003) Cochrane Database Syst Rev
    • Posner, E.B.1    Mohamed, K.2    Marson, A.G.3
  • 86
    • 34948832003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethosuximide
    • Shorvon S, Perucca E, Fish D, Dodson E, eds, 2nd edition, Oxford: Blackwell Publishing
    • Glauser TA. Ethosuximide. In Shorvon S, Perucca E, Fish D, Dodson E, eds. The treatment of epilepsy (2nd edition), Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2004; 391-402.
    • (2004) The treatment of epilepsy , pp. 391-402
    • Glauser, T.A.1
  • 87
    • 0345549501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortical-area specific block of genetically determined absence seizures by ethosuximide
    • Manning JP, Kichards DA, Leresche N, Crunelli V, Bowery NG. Cortical-area specific block of genetically determined absence seizures by ethosuximide. Neuroscience 2004; 123: 5-9.
    • (2004) Neuroscience , vol.123 , pp. 5-9
    • Manning, J.P.1    Kichards, D.A.2    Leresche, N.3    Crunelli, V.4    Bowery, N.G.5
  • 89
    • 0345598116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of 14 C-levetiracetam, a new antiepileptic agent, in healthy volunteers
    • Strolin BM, Whornsley R, Nicolas JM, et al. Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of 14 C-levetiracetam, a new antiepileptic agent, in healthy volunteers. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2003; 59: 621-30.
    • (2003) Eur J Clin Pharmacol , vol.59 , pp. 621-630
    • Strolin, B.M.1    Whornsley, R.2    Nicolas, J.M.3
  • 91
    • 0030972704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anticonvulsant therapy in aged patients
    • Bernus I, Dickinson RG, Hooper WD, et al. Anticonvulsant therapy in aged patients. Drug Aging 1997; 10: 278-89.
    • (1997) Drug Aging , vol.10 , pp. 278-289
    • Bernus, I.1    Dickinson, R.G.2    Hooper, W.D.3
  • 92
    • 0033034044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cognitive and behavioural effects of clobazan and standard monotherapy are comparable. Canadian Study Group for Childhood Epilepsy
    • Bawden HN, Carnfield CS, Carnfield PR, et al. The cognitive and behavioural effects of clobazan and standard monotherapy are comparable. Canadian Study Group for Childhood Epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 1999; 33: 133-43.
    • (1999) Epilepsy Res , vol.33 , pp. 133-143
    • Bawden, H.N.1    Carnfield, C.S.2    Carnfield, P.R.3
  • 93
    • 0041413374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical trials for treatment of primary generalized epilepsies
    • Faught E. Clinical trials for treatment of primary generalized epilepsies. Epilepsia 2003; 44(Suppl 7): 44-50.
    • (2003) Epilepsia , vol.44 , Issue.SUPPL. 7 , pp. 44-50
    • Faught, E.1
  • 94
    • 0035048668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of clobazam as add-on therapy in patients with refractory partial epilepsy
    • Montenegro MA, Cendes F, Noronha AL, et al. Efficacy of clobazam as add-on therapy in patients with refractory partial epilepsy. Epilepsia 2001; 42: 539-42.
    • (2001) Epilepsia , vol.42 , pp. 539-542
    • Montenegro, M.A.1    Cendes, F.2    Noronha, A.L.3
  • 95
    • 34948849679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Felbamate
    • Shorvon S, Perrucca E, Fish D, Dodson E, eds, 2nd edition, Oxford: Blackwell Publishing
    • Leppik IE. Felbamate. In Shorvon S, Perrucca E, Fish D, Dodson E, eds. The treatment of epilepsy (2nd edition), Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2004; 403-9.
    • (2004) The treatment of epilepsy , pp. 403-409
    • Leppik, I.E.1
  • 96
    • 0028110806 scopus 로고
    • Felbamate in the treatment of partial-onset seizures
    • Bourgeois BF. Felbamate in the treatment of partial-onset seizures. Epilepsia 1994; 35(Suppl 5): 58-61.
    • (1994) Epilepsia , vol.35 , Issue.SUPPL. 5 , pp. 58-61
    • Bourgeois, B.F.1
  • 97
    • 0031450994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of dosage, age, and comedication on steady state plasma lamotrigine concentrations in epileptic children: A prospective study with preliminary assessment of correlations with clinical response
    • Bartoli A, Guerrini R, Belmonte A, et al. The influence of dosage, age, and comedication on steady state plasma lamotrigine concentrations in epileptic children: a prospective study with preliminary assessment of correlations with clinical response. Ther Drug Monit 1997; 19: 252-60.
    • (1997) Ther Drug Monit , vol.19 , pp. 252-260
    • Bartoli, A.1    Guerrini, R.2    Belmonte, A.3
  • 98
    • 0038196961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinically important interactions in epilepsy: General features and interactions between antiepileptic drugs
    • Patsalos PN, Perucca E. Clinically important interactions in epilepsy: general features and interactions between antiepileptic drugs. Lancet Neurol 2003; 6: 347-56.
    • (2003) Lancet Neurol , vol.6 , pp. 347-356
    • Patsalos, P.N.1    Perucca, E.2
  • 99
    • 34948819130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pisani F, Richcns A. Lamotrigine: adverse effects. In: Antiepileptic drugs, 5th eds. Levy RH, Mattson RH, Meldrum BS, Perucca E eds, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins adelphia, USA, 2002; 408-14.
    • Pisani F, Richcns A. Lamotrigine: adverse effects. In: Antiepileptic drugs, 5th eds. Levy RH, Mattson RH, Meldrum BS, Perucca E eds, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins adelphia, USA, 2002; 408-14.
  • 102
    • 85056182749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exacerbation of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy with lamotrigine
    • Carrazana EJ, Wheeler SD. Exacerbation of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy with lamotrigine. Neurology 2001; 56: 1424-5.
    • (2001) Neurology , vol.56 , pp. 1424-1425
    • Carrazana, E.J.1    Wheeler, S.D.2
  • 103
    • 0041522745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolving antiepileptic drug treatment in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
    • Prasad A, Kuzniecky RI, Knowlton RC, et al. Evolving antiepileptic drug treatment in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Arch Neurol 2003; 60: 1100-5.
    • (2003) Arch Neurol , vol.60 , pp. 1100-1105
    • Prasad, A.1    Kuzniecky, R.I.2    Knowlton, R.C.3
  • 105
    • 33745493718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frequency of myoclonic seizure exacerbation by lamotrigine in JME
    • Martinez JF, Fountain NB. Frequency of myoclonic seizure exacerbation by lamotrigine in JME. Epilepsia 2003; 44(Suppl 9): 268.
    • (2003) Epilepsia , vol.44 , Issue.SUPPL. 9 , pp. 268
    • Martinez, J.F.1    Fountain, N.B.2
  • 106
    • 4043123437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lamotrigine for patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy following prior treatment with valproate: Results of an open-label study
    • Morris GL, Hammer AE, Kustra RP, Messenheimer JA. Lamotrigine for patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy following prior treatment with valproate: results of an open-label study. Epilepsy Behav 2004; 5: 509-12.
    • (2004) Epilepsy Behav , vol.5 , pp. 509-512
    • Morris, G.L.1    Hammer, A.E.2    Kustra, R.P.3    Messenheimer, J.A.4
  • 107
    • 3543083352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gestation-induced changes in lamotrigine pharmacokineties: A monotherapy study
    • de Haan GJ, Edelbrock P, Segers J, et al. Gestation-induced changes in lamotrigine pharmacokineties: a monotherapy study. Neurology 2004; 63: 571-3.
    • (2004) Neurology , vol.63 , pp. 571-573
    • de Haan, G.J.1    Edelbrock, P.2    Segers, J.3
  • 108
    • 0842282467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of pregnancy and childbirth on the metabolism of lamotrigine
    • Pennell PB, Newport DJ, Stowe ZN, et al. The impact of pregnancy and childbirth on the metabolism of lamotrigine. Neurology 2004; 62: 292-5.
    • (2004) Neurology , vol.62 , pp. 292-295
    • Pennell, P.B.1    Newport, D.J.2    Stowe, Z.N.3
  • 109
    • 0033621925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacoldnetic profile of levetiracetam: Toward ideal characteristics
    • Patsalos PN. Pharmacoldnetic profile of levetiracetam: toward ideal characteristics. Pharmacol Ther 2000; 85: 77-85.
    • (2000) Pharmacol Ther , vol.85 , pp. 77-85
    • Patsalos, P.N.1
  • 110
    • 4644303812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levetiracetam: Pharmacology and therapeutics in the treatment of epilepsy and other neurological conditions
    • Patsalos PN. Levetiracetam: pharmacology and therapeutics in the treatment of epilepsy and other neurological conditions. Rev Contemp Pharmacother 2004; 13: 1-168.
    • (2004) Rev Contemp Pharmacother , vol.13 , pp. 1-168
    • Patsalos, P.N.1
  • 111
    • 3042748137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The synaptic vesicle protein SV2A is the binding site for tlie antiepileptic drug levetiracetam
    • Lynch BA, Lambeng N, Nocka Y, et al. The synaptic vesicle protein SV2A is the binding site for tlie antiepileptic drug levetiracetam. Proc Nati Acad Sci USA 2004; 101: 9861-6.
    • (2004) Proc Nati Acad Sci USA , vol.101 , pp. 9861-9866
    • Lynch, B.A.1    Lambeng, N.2    Nocka, Y.3
  • 112
    • 17744406684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiepileptogenesis neuroprotection, and disease modification in the treatment of epilepsy: Focus on levetiracetam
    • Klitgaard H, Pitkanen A. Antiepileptogenesis neuroprotection, and disease modification in the treatment of epilepsy: focus on levetiracetam. Epileptic Disord 2003; 5(Suppl 1): 9-16.
    • (2003) Epileptic Disord , vol.5 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 9-16
    • Klitgaard, H.1    Pitkanen, A.2
  • 113
    • 0034864144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levetiracetam: The preclinical profile of a new class of antiepileptic drugs?
    • Klitgaard H. Levetiracetam: the preclinical profile of a new class of antiepileptic drugs? Epilepsia 2001; 42(Suppl 4): 13-8.
    • (2001) Epilepsia , vol.42 , Issue.SUPPL. 4 , pp. 13-18
    • Klitgaard, H.1
  • 114
    • 0038722225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ideal pharmacokinetic properties of an antiepileptic drug: How close does levetiracetam come?
    • Perucca E, Johannessen SI. The ideal pharmacokinetic properties of an antiepileptic drug: how close does levetiracetam come? Epileptic Disord 2003; 5(Suppl 1): 17-26.
    • (2003) Epileptic Disord , vol.5 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 17-26
    • Perucca, E.1    Johannessen, S.I.2
  • 115
    • 0347753309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness and tolerability of levetiracetam in 43 children and adolescents with epilepsy
    • Herranz JL, Rufo-Campos M, Arteaga R. Effectiveness and tolerability of levetiracetam in 43 children and adolescents with epilepsy. Rev Neurol 2003; 37: 1005-8.
    • (2003) Rev Neurol , vol.37 , pp. 1005-1008
    • Herranz, J.L.1    Rufo-Campos, M.2    Arteaga, R.3
  • 116
    • 1642442730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and tolerability of levetiracetam in children aged 10 years and younger: A clinical experience
    • Tan MJ, Appleton RE. Efficacy and tolerability of levetiracetam in children aged 10 years and younger: a clinical experience. Seizure 2004; 13: 142-5.
    • (2004) Seizure , vol.13 , pp. 142-145
    • Tan, M.J.1    Appleton, R.E.2
  • 117
  • 118
    • 0034876919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of levetiracetam in special populations
    • French J. Use of levetiracetam in special populations. Epilepsia 2001; 42(Suppl 4): 40-3.
    • (2001) Epilepsia , vol.42 , Issue.SUPPL. 4 , pp. 40-43
    • French, J.1
  • 119
    • 27944483559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effectiveness of levetiracetam in drug-resistant juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
    • Czapinski PP, Czapinska EM. The effectiveness of levetiracetam in drug-resistant juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Epilepsia 2004; 45 (Suppl 3): 141.
    • (2004) Epilepsia , vol.45 , Issue.SUPPL. 3 , pp. 141
    • Czapinski, P.P.1    Czapinska, E.M.2
  • 120
    • 27944441228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levetiracetam is effective in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
    • La Neve A, Boero G, Specehio N, et al. Levetiracetam is effective in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Epilepsia 2004; 45(Suppl 3): 141.
    • (2004) Epilepsia , vol.45 , Issue.SUPPL. 3 , pp. 141
    • La Neve, A.1    Boero, G.2    Specehio, N.3
  • 121
    • 0009700985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levetiracetam monotherapy in the treatment of convulsive seizures in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
    • Presented at the, April 13-20, Denver, CO
    • Resor SR, Resor LD. Levetiracetam monotherapy in the treatment of convulsive seizures in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Presented at the 54th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Neurology, April 13-20, Denver, CO, 2002.
    • (2002) 54th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Neurology
    • Resor, S.R.1    Resor, L.D.2
  • 122
    • 4644335179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Promising results of levetiracetam in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
    • Jongsma M, Janssen G, Engelsman M, et al. Promising results of levetiracetam in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Epilepsia 2002; 43(Suppl 8): 153.
    • (2002) Epilepsia , vol.43 , Issue.SUPPL. 8 , pp. 153
    • Jongsma, M.1    Janssen, G.2    Engelsman, M.3
  • 123
    • 27944451308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of levetiracetam on resistant juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
    • Greenhill L, Betts T, Smith K. Effect of levetiracetam on resistant juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Epilepsia 2002; 43(Suppl 7): 179.
    • (2002) Epilepsia , vol.43 , Issue.SUPPL. 7 , pp. 179
    • Greenhill, L.1    Betts, T.2    Smith, K.3
  • 124
    • 0038574323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of myoclonus
    • Van Zandijcke M. Treatment of myoclonus. Acta Neurol Belg 2003; 103: 66-70.
    • (2003) Acta Neurol Belg , vol.103 , pp. 66-70
    • Van Zandijcke, M.1
  • 125
    • 1342266966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levetiracetam in progressive myoclonic epilepsy: An,exploratory study in 9 patients
    • Crest C, Dupont S, Le Guern E, et al. Levetiracetam in progressive myoclonic epilepsy: an,exploratory study in 9 patients. Neurology 2004; 62: 640-3.
    • (2004) Neurology , vol.62 , pp. 640-643
    • Crest, C.1    Dupont, S.2    Le Guern, E.3
  • 126
    • 0347985309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levetiracetam reduces spike-wave density and duration during continuous EEG monitoring in patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy
    • Gallagher MJ, Eisenman LN, Brown KM, et al. Levetiracetam reduces spike-wave density and duration during continuous EEG monitoring in patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Epilepsia 2004; 45: 90-1.
    • (2004) Epilepsia , vol.45 , pp. 90-91
    • Gallagher, M.J.1    Eisenman, L.N.2    Brown, K.M.3
  • 127
    • 0344668608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levetiracetam treatment of idiopathic generalised epilepsy
    • Krauss GL, Betts T, Abou-KhaM B, et al. Levetiracetam treatment of idiopathic generalised epilepsy. Seizure 2003; 12: 617-20.
    • (2003) Seizure , vol.12 , pp. 617-620
    • Krauss, G.L.1    Betts, T.2    Abou-KhaM, B.3
  • 128
    • 4344605208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levetiracetam as add-on therapy in generalised epilepsies
    • Kumar SP, Smith PE. Levetiracetam as add-on therapy in generalised epilepsies. Seizure 2004; 13: 475-7.
    • (2004) Seizure , vol.13 , pp. 475-477
    • Kumar, S.P.1    Smith, P.E.2
  • 129
    • 5344279754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levetimetam induces a rapid and sustained reduction of generalized spike-wave and clinical absence
    • Cavitt J, Privitera M. Levetimetam induces a rapid and sustained reduction of generalized spike-wave and clinical absence. Arch Neurol 2004; 61: 1604-7.
    • (2004) Arch Neurol , vol.61 , pp. 1604-1607
    • Cavitt, J.1    Privitera, M.2
  • 130
    • 0037117438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive effects of therapy with topiramate in patients with refractory partial epilepsy
    • Baeta E, Santana I, Castro G, et al. Cognitive effects of therapy with topiramate in patients with refractory partial epilepsy. Rev Neurol 2002; 34: 737-41.
    • (2002) Rev Neurol , vol.34 , pp. 737-741
    • Baeta, E.1    Santana, I.2    Castro, G.3
  • 131
    • 0035029683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topiramate: A review of its use in childhood epilepsy
    • Ormrod D, McClellan K. Topiramate: a review of its use in childhood epilepsy. Paediatr Drugs 2001; 3: 293-319.
    • (2001) Paediatr Drugs , vol.3 , pp. 293-319
    • Ormrod, D.1    McClellan, K.2
  • 132
    • 0036763717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics and indications of topirumate
    • Nieto BM. Characteristics and indications of topirumate. Rev Neurol 2002; 35(Suppl 1): 88-95.
    • (2002) Rev Neurol , vol.35 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 88-95
    • Nieto, B.M.1
  • 133
    • 27944437303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of lamotrigine and topiramate in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
    • Prasad A, Knowlton KC, Mendez M, Martin R, Kuzniecky R, Faueht E. A comparison of lamotrigine and topiramate in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Epilepsia 2002; 43(Suppl 7): 198-9.
    • (2002) Epilepsia , vol.43 , Issue.SUPPL. 7 , pp. 198-199
    • Prasad, A.1    Knowlton, K.C.2    Mendez, M.3    Martin, R.4    Kuzniecky, R.5    Faueht, E.6
  • 134
    • 0041522745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolving antiepileptic drug treatraent in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
    • Prasad A, Kuzniecky RI, Knowlton RC, et al. Evolving antiepileptic drug treatraent in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Arch Neurol 2003; 60: 1100-5.
    • (2003) Arch Neurol , vol.60 , pp. 1100-1105
    • Prasad, A.1    Kuzniecky, R.I.2    Knowlton, R.C.3
  • 135
    • 0036747301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topiramate monotherapy for childhood absence seizures: An open label pilot study
    • Cross JH. Topiramate monotherapy for childhood absence seizures: an open label pilot study. Seizure 2002; 11: 406-10.
    • (2002) Seizure , vol.11 , pp. 406-410
    • Cross, J.H.1
  • 136
    • 0033816145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multicenter, randomized clinical study to evaluate the effect on cognitive function of topiramate compared with valproate as add-on therapy to carbamazepine in patients with partial-onset seizures
    • Aldenkamp AP, Baker G, Mulder OG, et al. A multicenter, randomized clinical study to evaluate the effect on cognitive function of topiramate compared with valproate as add-on therapy to carbamazepine in patients with partial-onset seizures. Epilepsia 2000; 41: 1167-78.
    • (2000) Epilepsia , vol.41 , pp. 1167-1178
    • Aldenkamp, A.P.1    Baker, G.2    Mulder, O.G.3
  • 137
    • 0037756711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Significant improvement in frontal lobe associated neuropsychological functions after withdrawal of topiramate in epilepsy patients
    • Kockelmann E, Elger CE, Helmstaedtcr C. Significant improvement in frontal lobe associated neuropsychological functions after withdrawal of topiramate in epilepsy patients. Epilepsy Res 2003; 54: 171-8.
    • (2003) Epilepsy Res , vol.54 , pp. 171-178
    • Kockelmann, E.1    Elger, C.E.2    Helmstaedtcr, C.3
  • 138
    • 0036236737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three new drugs for epilepsy: Levetiracetam, oxacarbazepine and zonisamide
    • Leppik IE. Three new drugs for epilepsy: levetiracetam, oxacarbazepine and zonisamide. J Child Neurol 2002; 17(Suppl 1): 53-7.
    • (2002) J Child Neurol , vol.17 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 53-57
    • Leppik, I.E.1
  • 140
    • 0036253178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Zonisamide in pediatric epilepsy: Review of the Japanese experience
    • Glauser TA, Pellock JM. Zonisamide in pediatric epilepsy: review of the Japanese experience. J Child Neural 2002; 17: 87-96.
    • (2002) J Child Neural , vol.17 , pp. 87-96
    • Glauser, T.A.1    Pellock, J.M.2
  • 142
    • 19444381861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Zonisamide for absence seizures
    • Wilfong A, Schultz R. Zonisamide for absence seizures. Epilepsy Res 2005; 64: 31-4.
    • (2005) Epilepsy Res , vol.64 , pp. 31-34
    • Wilfong, A.1    Schultz, R.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.