Playing tick-box games: Interrelating defences in professional appraisal

Human Relations

Volumn 60, Issue 9, 2007, Pages 1361-1384

  McGivern, Gerry ^a,b   Ferlie, Ewan ^a,c,d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b Centre for Public Services Organizations

^c Departmen of Public Services Management

^d School of Management of SUES   (China)

Author keywords

Appraisal; Audit; Consultant appraisal; Medical professionals; Mock bureaucracy; New public management

Indexed keywords

EID: 34748822355     PISSN: 00187267     EISSN: 1741282X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0018726707082851     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Abbott, A. The system of professions: An essay on the division of expert labor. Chicago, IL: Chicago Press, 1988.
2. Ackroyd, S. Organization contra organizations: Professions and organizational change in the United Kingdom. Organization Studies, 1996, 17 (4). 599 - 621.
3. Alvesson, M. Knowledge work: Ambiguity, image and identity. Human Relations, 2001, 54 (7). 863 - 86.
4. Bain, A. Social defenses against organizational learning. Human Relations, 1998, 51 (3). 413 - 30.
5. Barlow, G. Deficiencies and the perpetuation of power: Latent functions in management appraisal. Journal of Management Studies, 1989, 26 (5). 499 - 517.
6. Baum, H. Why school systems resist reform: A psychoanalytic perspective. Human Relations, 2002, 55 (2). 1 - 26.
7. Boreham, P. Indetermination: Professional knowledge, organization and control. The Sociological Review, 1983, 31 (4). 693 - 718.
8. Broadbent, J. & Laughlin, R. Contracts, competition, and accounting in recent legal enactments for the health and education sectors in the UK: An example of juridification at work. In S. Deakin & J. Michie (Eds), Contracts, co-operation and competition: Studies in economics, management and law. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997, pp. 214 - 52.
9. Broadbent, J. & Laughlin, R. Resisting the 'new public management': Absorption and adsorbing groups in schools and GP practices in the UK. Accounting Auditing and Accountability Journal, 1998, 11 (4). 403 - 35.
10. Bryman, A. Social research methods. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.
11. Degeling, P., Kennedy, J., Macbeth, F., Telfer, B., Maxwell, S. & Coyle, B. Practitioner perspectives on objectives and outcomes of clinical governance: Some evidence from Wales. In A. Gray & S. Harrison (Eds), Governing medicine: Theory and practice. Maidenhead: Open University Press, 2004, pp. 60 - 77.
12. Dent, M. Doctors, peer review and quality assurance. In T. Johnson, G. Larkin & M. Saks (Eds), Health professionals and the state in Europe. London: Routledge, 1995, pp. 86 - 102.
13. Department of Health. Working for patients, Cmnd 555. London: HMSO, 1989.
14. Department of Health. A first class service: quality in the new NHS. London: HMSO, 1998.
15. Department of Health. Advance letter (MD) 6/00: Consultants' contract: Annual appraisal for consultants, 2000.
16. Department of Health. Trust, assurance and safety: The regulation of health professionals in the 21st century. London: Department of Health, 2007.
17. Donaldson, L. Good doctors, safer patients: Proposals to strengthen the system and to assure and improve the performance of doctors and to protect the safety of patients, Cm 276071. London: HMSO, 2006.
18. Dopson, S. The diffusion of medical innovations: Can figurational sociology contribute? Organization Studies, 2005, 26 (8). 1125 - 44.
19. Eades, E. & Graham, D. Editorial: Appraisal and the medical profession. Clinician in Management, 2004, 12 (4). 149 - 51.
20. Edmondson, A. Psychological safety and learning behavior in work teams. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1999, 44, 350 - 83.
21. Eisenhardt, K. Building theories from case study research. Academy of Management Review, 1989, 14 (4). 532 - 50.
22. Ferlie, E., Ashburner, L., Fitzgerald, L. & Pettigrew, A. New public management in action. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996.
23. Fineman, S. & Gabriel, Y. Experiencing organizations. London: Sage, 1996.
24. Fletcher, C. Performance appraisal and management: The developing research agenda. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 2001, 74, 473 - 87.
25. Foucault, M. Governmentality. In G. Burchell, C. Gordon & P. Miller (Eds), The Foucault effect: Studies in governmentality. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago, 1991, pp. 87 - 104.
26. Freidson, E. Professionalism reborn. Theory, prophesy and policy. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1994.
27. Gabriel, Y. (Ed.) Organization in depth. London: Sage, 1999.
28. Gmc. Revalidating doctors: Ensuring standards, securing the future. London: General Medical Council, 2000.
29. Gouldner, A.W. Patterns of industrial bureaucracy. Glencoe, IL: Free Press, 1954.
30. Grint, K. What's wrong with performance appraisals? A critique and a suggestion. Human Resource Management Journal, 1993, 3 (3). 61.
31. Harrison, S. & Smith, C. Neo-bureaucracy and public management: The case of medicine in the National Health Service. Competition & Change, 2003, 7 (4). 243 - 54.
32. Hirschhorn, L. The primary risk. Human Relations, 1999, 52 (1). 5 - 23.
33. Hoggett, P. New modes of control in the public services. Public Administration, 1996, 74, 9 - 32.
34. Hood, C. Gaming in Targetworld: The targets approach to managing British public services. Public Administration Review, 2006, 66 (4). 515 - 21.
35. Hyde, P. & Davies, H.T.O. Service design, culture and performance: Collusion and coproduction in health care. Human Relations, 2004, 57, 1407 - 26.
36. Jaques, E. Social systems as a defence against persecutory and depressive anxiety. In M. Klein, P. Heimann & R.E. Money-Kyrle (Eds), New directions in psychoanalysis. London: Tavistock, 1955, pp. 478 - 98.
37. Klein, M. Developments in psychoanalysis. London: Hogarth Press, 1952.
38. Langley, A. Strategies for theorizing from process data. Academy of Management Review, 1999, 24 (4). 691 - 710.
39. Larson, M. The rise of professionalism: A sociological analysis. London: University of California Press, 1977.
40. Legge, K. Human resource management: Rhetorics and realities. London: Macmillan, 1995.
41. MacDonald, K. The sociology of professions. London: Sage, 1995.
42. March, J. & Olson, J. Organizing political life: What administrative reorganization tells us about government. American Political Science Review, 1983, 77, 281 - 96.
43. McGivern, G. & Adams, R. Clinically-owned reflective practice and tick box exercises: Comparative analysis of GP and consultant appraisal in practice. Clinician in Management, 2006, 14 (3). 129 - 41.
44. Menzies, I. A case study in the functioning of the social system as a defence against anxiety. Human Relations, 1959, 13, 95 - 121.
45. Meyer, J. & Rowan, B. Institutionalized organizations: Formal structure as myth and ceremony. American Journal of Sociology, 1977, 83, 340 - 63.
46. Miles, M. & Huberman, M. Qualitative data analysis. London: Sage, 1994.
47. Mintzberg, H. Mintzberg on management: Inside our strange world of organizations. New York: Free Press, 1989.
48. Newton, T. & Findlay, P. Playing God? The performance of appraisal. Human Resource Management Journal, 1996, 6 (3). 42 - 58.
49. O'Neill, O. A question of trust. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.
50. Power, M. Making things auditable. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 1996, 21 (2 - 3). 289 - 315.
51. Power, M. The audit society: Rituals of verification. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997.
52. Redman, T., Snape, E., Thompson, D. & Ka-Ching, F.Y. Performance appraisal in an NHS hospital. Human Resource Management Journal, 2000, 10 (1). 48 - 62.
53. Reed, M. New managerialism and changing forms of organizational governance: Governance without governance? Paper at Condor Seminar Series Conference, Ecole Poly-technique, Paris, 2003.
54. Schon, D. Educating the reflective practitioner. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, 1987.
55. Silverman, D. Interpreting qualitative data: Methods for analyzing talk, text and interaction, 2 nd edn. London: Sage, 2001.
56. Smith, J. Safeguarding patients: Lessons from the past - Proposals for the future. The Shipman Inquiry (CM 6394), 2004.
57. Taylor, C.M., Wall, D.W. & Taylor, C.L. Appraisal of doctors: Problems with terminology and a philosophical tension. Medical Education, 2002, 36 (7). 667 - 71.
58. Townley, B. Foucault, power/knowledge, and its relevance for human resource management. Academy of Management Review, 1993 a, 18 (3). 518 - 45.
59. Townley, B. Performance appraisal and the emergence of management. Journal of Management Studies, 1993 b, 30 (2). 221 - 38.
60. Townley, B. The institutional logic of performance appraisal. Organization Studies, 1997, 18 (2). 261 - 85.
61. Townley, B. Practical reason and performance appraisal. Journal of Management Studies, 1999, 36 (3). 287 - 306.
62. Vince, R. Power and emotion in organizational learning. Human Relations, 2001, 54 (10). 1325 - 51.